CN109530232B - Solid waste screening treatment device and solid waste efficient treatment method - Google Patents
Solid waste screening treatment device and solid waste efficient treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109530232B CN109530232B CN201811392362.4A CN201811392362A CN109530232B CN 109530232 B CN109530232 B CN 109530232B CN 201811392362 A CN201811392362 A CN 201811392362A CN 109530232 B CN109530232 B CN 109530232B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B9/00—Combinations of apparatus for screening or sifting or for separating solids from solids using gas currents; General arrangement of plant, e.g. flow sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/10—Screens in the form of endless moving bands
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/28—Moving screens not otherwise provided for, e.g. swinging, reciprocating, rocking, tilting or wobbling screens
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
- B07B4/08—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures are supported by sieves, screens, or like mechanical elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B2201/00—Details applicable to machines for screening using sieves or gratings
- B07B2201/04—Multiple deck screening devices comprising one or more superimposed screens
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/20—Waste processing or separation
Abstract
The invention discloses a solid waste screening treatment device and a solid waste high-efficiency treatment method, which comprise a feeding device, a screening device, a wind power device, a rack and a collecting device, wherein the screening device is obliquely arranged on the rack up and down, and vibrates and screens materials relative to the rack; the light materials are blown by the wind power device to be shifted from the high end of the screening device to the collecting device, so that the heavy materials and the light materials in the solid waste can be efficiently separated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of solid waste treatment, and particularly relates to a solid waste screening treatment device and a solid waste efficient treatment method.
Background
The quantity of solid garbage per year in China already accounts for a large proportion of the total quantity of urban garbage, and the quantity becomes a difficult problem in waste management. With the proposal of building a sustainable energy-saving social theme in China, solid waste recycling equipment is about to develop rapidly at a peak. For a long time, the reutilization of the solid garbage in China does not draw great attention, and the solid garbage is generally transported to the suburbs or rural areas without any treatment and is treated in an open-air stacking or landfill mode. With the vigorous development of urban construction in China, the production amount of solid garbage is increased day by day. The solid garbage is used as a mixture of various building material product wastes and is directly buried without treatment, so that the natural environment on which human beings rely for survival is destroyed, and the solid garbage is also huge waste of resources. Only by taking active measures can the sustainable development of the construction industry be ensured.
Solid waste treatment has become one of the important links of city management, and various solid wastes are inevitably generated in the building construction, maintenance and demolition processes. The material structure of the solid garbage is utilized as a regeneration material, and the method is an effective means for recycling the solid garbage. The light garbage mainly comprises plastic products, water pipe fittings, packaging materials and the like. However, in the existing solid waste treatment system, the sieving separation mainly aims at relatively pure solid waste, and a considerable manual sorting is also existed, and in the sieving of the solid waste, for example, soil blocks, wood blocks and the like are easy to sort, but decoration materials such as plastic products, packaging bags and the like are generally easy to cover in the soil blocks and the stone blocks due to small volume and light weight, and are difficult to sort. In order to economically, efficiently and environmentally treat solid waste, the development of solid waste screening equipment should be accelerated. At present, there is no good solution.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a solid waste screening treatment device and a solid waste high-efficiency treatment method, which can efficiently separate heavy materials and light materials in solid waste.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a solid waste screening treatment device comprises a feeding device, a screening device, a wind power device, a rack and a collecting device, wherein the screening device is obliquely arranged on the rack up and down, and the screening device screens materials relative to the rack in a vibrating manner; the light materials are moved from the high end of the screening device to the collecting device by the blowing of the wind power device.
Further, the collecting device comprises a collecting box body, a turnover plate and an extrusion mechanism, the collecting box body is of a box body structure with an inner cavity, the collecting box body is a high-temperature box, and the collecting box body collects and softens the light materials; the light material collecting port is formed in the top of the collecting box body, the light material discharging port is formed in the bottom of the collecting box body, a turnover plate is arranged in the collecting box body and close to the light material collecting port, the turnover plate is arranged in a rotating mode through a horizontal shaft, an extruding mechanism is arranged in the collecting box body and close to the light material discharging port, and the extruding mechanism extrudes softened light materials falling after the turnover plate turns downwards.
Further, the collection box is the semi-closed cavity structure of annular of back taper, contain the axis of rotation on the returning face plate, the axis of rotation horizontal erection and rotation set up on collecting the box, extrusion mechanism is counter roll mechanism, extrusion mechanism is located the throat of collecting the box.
Further, still including rejecting the subassembly, it includes linear actuating mechanism, drive frame and rejects the silk to reject the subassembly, the drive frame is the body of rod structure of U type, be connected with thin threadlike rejection silk between two free ends of drive frame, collect two relative lateral walls of box and go up the parallel returning face plate and all seted up the wire casing, just the plane at wire casing place is located the pivot below of returning face plate, it passes the wire casing to reject the silk, just the both ends of rejecting the silk all stretch out to the collection box outside, reject the lower surface of silk laminating returning face plate, the linear actuating mechanism drive the drive frame is along the length direction reciprocating displacement of wire casing.
The dust collection device further comprises a dust collection assembly, the dust collection assembly is arranged between the collection device and the screening device, and the dust collection assembly removes dust on one side of the high end of the screening device;
the dust removal subassembly includes dust removal case and negative pressure device, the dust removal case is shell structure, the dust removal case contains light material passageway, the dust removal case corresponds screening plant and has seted up light material feed inlet, the dust removal case corresponds collection device and has seted up light material discharge gate, a plurality of dust removal holes have been seted up to the dust removal case on the lateral wall that is mutually opposite with light material feed inlet, the dust removal hole corresponds the setting with negative pressure device.
Furthermore, the light material channel comprises a feeding section, a discharging section and a transition section positioned in the middle, the feeding section, the discharging section and the transition section are all of a straight cylinder structure, the transition section is respectively arranged in a staggered manner with the feeding section and the discharging section, and the joint of the transition section and the feeding section and the discharging section is arranged in an oblique transition manner; the light material entering the light material channel falls downwards and collides with the inner wall of the dust removal box in multiple stages.
Further, be provided with the spring subassembly in the changeover portion, the spring subassembly includes baffle and cam, the baffle sets up in the below of light material feed inlet, just the baffle sets up on keeping away from the lateral wall body of feeding section, the collision wall interval of junction between changeover portion and the feeding section sets up, forms the circle road junction of bar, interval the below of circle road junction is provided with the cam, the cam rotates the setting, just the rotation axis of cam sets up along the length direction of circle road junction.
Further, screening plant includes along the first screening mechanism and the second screening mechanism of incline direction setting, at least the sieve mesh has all been seted up on the first screening mechanism, first screening mechanism interval sets up the top at the second screening mechanism, just the length of second screening mechanism is greater than the length of first screening mechanism, the high-end of second screening mechanism and the high-end adjacent setting of first screening mechanism, just the other end of second screening mechanism extends to the low side along the incline direction.
Furthermore, the screening device also comprises a support frame, the support frame is of a groove-shaped plate body structure with a U-shaped cross section, two ends of the support frame in the length direction are provided with openings, the first screening mechanism and the second screening mechanism are supported and arranged in the U-shaped groove of the support frame in the length direction of the support frame, and the second screening mechanism and the inner bottom wall of the support frame are arranged at a distance;
the supporting frame is characterized in that at least one group of connecting pieces are arranged on the outer bottom wall of the supporting frame, the supporting frame is connected with the rack through the connecting pieces, at least one group of vibration exciters are arranged between the supporting frame and the rack, and the supporting frame is arranged above the rack through vibration of the vibration exciters.
A solid waste high-efficiency treatment method of a solid waste screening treatment device comprises the following steps:
s1: firstly, primarily crushing solid waste by a crushing device, and primarily screening to obtain blocky solid materials with the particle size of less than 10 CM;
s2: the vibration exciter drives the support frame and a first screening mechanism and a second screening mechanism in the support frame to vibrate at high frequency, and the first screening mechanism and the second screening mechanism slowly rotate independently; adding the obtained solid material through a feeding device, wherein the solid material falls into the middle position or the upper position on the first screening mechanism, and in a vibration state, the heavy material with the particle size larger than the sieve pores of the first screening mechanism falls downwards to the lower half part of the second screening mechanism, and the heavy material with the particle size smaller than the sieve pores of the first screening mechanism falls downwards to the upper half part of the second screening mechanism;
meanwhile, in a vibration state, due to the fact that the heavy materials and the light materials are different in weight, the downward movement speed of the heavy materials is larger than that of the light materials, the heavy materials and the light materials on the first screening mechanism and the second screening mechanism are gradually separated, and the light materials are both displaced to the high end and fall into the dust removal box under the blowing effect of the wind power device; the slow rotation of the first screening mechanism and the second screening mechanism can prolong the retention time of solid particles on the screening device, and fully expose the light materials covered by the heavy materials while the heavy materials roll down, and the light materials displace to one side of the high end of the screening device under the action of wind power and the autorotation of the screening mechanism to realize screening;
s3: the light material comprises dust and plastic products, when the light material moves from the high end of the screening device to the interior of the dust removal box, the dust is discharged to the exterior of the dust removal box through the negative pressure device, the plastic products with the mass larger than that of the dust fall downwards onto the collision wall of the feeding section, the dust on the light material falls after collision, and the generated dust particles are discharged to the exterior of the dust removal box through the negative pressure device in the feeding section;
the collided light materials enter the transition section from the ramp port, the light materials which are just entered upwards bounce through the rotating cam, the light materials bounced by the cam collide on the baffle plate to increase the motion kinetic energy of the light materials, then bounce downwards and continue to enter the transition section, when the light materials in the transition section fall downwards to the collision wall of the discharge section, the dust on the light materials is bounced again, the dust generated when the light materials collide with the baffle plate and the collision wall of the discharge section is discharged out of the dust removal box through the dust outlet, and then the light materials enter the collecting device;
s4: the light materials enter the upper surface of the turnover plate in the collecting box body from the light material collecting port and stay for a certain time, the light materials are softened by high-temperature heat generated by a heating element in the collecting box body, the turnover plate turns downwards after the light materials stay for the certain time, meanwhile, the driving frame linearly displaces to enable the rejection wires to be attached to the lower surface of the turnover plate linearly and to be stripped off, the softened light materials attached to the turnover plate fall downwards between two pairs of rollers of the extruding mechanism, the softened light materials are extruded and finally fall into the collecting box.
Has the advantages that: the invention carries out two-stage screening through the first screening mechanism and the second screening mechanism in the screening device, and can effectively screen out light materials in solid waste through the high-frequency vibration of the screening device and the wind power airflow of the wind power device, and can effectively collect the light materials through the collecting device so as to recycle the materials.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic overall perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the present invention in its entirety from the front;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the overall screening motion of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the collection device of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a top view of the collection device of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing the internal structure of the collection tank of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the dust-removing box of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in the attached fig. 1 to 4, the high-efficiency solid waste screening treatment device comprises a feeding device 1, a screening device 2, a wind power device 3, a frame 6 and a collecting device 9, wherein the screening device 2 is obliquely arranged on the frame 6 at the upper part and the lower part, the screening device 2 screens materials in a vibrating way relative to the frame 6, the feeding device 1 is arranged above the screening device 2, the feeding device 1 is a feeding hopper, which vibrates along with the screening device to facilitate discharging, wherein one side of the lower end of the screening device 2 is provided with a heavy material discharging hole 30, the high-end side of the screening device 2 is provided with a collecting device 9, the collecting device 9 is positioned below the high-end side, the wind power device can be a high-power fan, the wind power device 3 is arranged on one side of the lower end of the screening device 2, and the wind power device 3 blows air to the material screening surface of the screening device 2; when the material rolls on the screening face, the separating device blows air, light materials with light weight can be blown from one side of the low end to one side of the high end, and the light materials are displaced from the high end of the screening device 2 to the collecting device 9 through the air blowing of the wind power device 3.
The screening device 2 comprises a first screening mechanism 21 and a second screening mechanism 22 which are arranged along an inclined direction, at least the first screening mechanism 21 is provided with screen holes 20, the first screening mechanism 21 is arranged above the second screening mechanism 22 at intervals, the length of the second screening mechanism 22 is larger than that of the first screening mechanism 21, the high end of the second screening mechanism 22 is adjacent to that of the first screening mechanism 21, the other end of the second screening mechanism 22 extends towards the lower end along the inclined direction, heavy materials are separated from a heavy material discharge port 30 at the lower end, solid materials are added through the feeding device 1, the solid materials fall to the middle position or the upper position on the first screening mechanism 21, and in a vibration state, the heavy materials with the particle sizes smaller than the screen holes of the first screening mechanism 21 roll downwards to the lower half part of the second screening mechanism 22, the upper half part of the lower second screening mechanism 22 with the grain diameter smaller than the screen holes of the first screening mechanism falls; the two screening surfaces can effectively separate particles with large particle sizes from particles with small particle sizes, so that waste materials can be effectively spread, covered light materials can be exposed to the outside as far as possible, and the light materials are blown to the high-end side of the screening mechanism by wind power of a wind power device.
The first screening mechanism 21 and the second screening mechanism 22 are both belt conveyors, and the rotation directions of the upper surfaces of the first screening mechanism 21 and the second screening mechanism 22 are low-speed operation from a low end to a high end.
The screening device 2 further comprises a supporting frame 23, the supporting frame 23 is a groove-shaped plate structure with a U-shaped cross section, two ends of the supporting frame 23 in the length direction are provided with openings, the first screening mechanism 21 and the second screening mechanism 22 are supported and arranged in the U-shaped groove of the supporting frame 23 along the length direction of the supporting frame 23, and the second screening mechanism 22 and the inner bottom wall of the supporting frame 23 are arranged at a distance; the frame of the screening device 2 is fixed in a support frame 23, and the movement of the solid particles is guided by the support frame 23.
Be provided with at least a set of connecting piece 12 on the outside diapire of support frame 23, connecting piece 12 is rod structure, support frame 23 is connected the setting through connecting piece 12 and frame 6, is used for supporting through connecting piece 12 support frame 23, the both ends of connecting piece are articulated the setting with support frame, and its articulated direction sets up along the length direction of screening mechanism, and is the same with the vibrations direction of vibration exciter, be provided with at least a set of vibration exciter 13 between support frame 23 and the frame 6, support frame 23 passes through vibration setting in the top of frame 6 of vibration exciter 13.
In a vibration state, heavy materials and light materials on the first screening mechanism 21 and the second screening mechanism 22 are gradually separated, and the light materials are displaced towards the high end and fall into the dust removing box under the blowing action of the wind power device 3; the slow rotation of the first screening mechanism and the second screening mechanism can prolong the retention time of solid particles on the screening device, expose light materials covered by the heavy materials while the heavy materials roll down, and displace the light materials to one side of the high end of the screening device under the action of wind power and the autorotation of the screening mechanism to realize screening;
the second screening mechanism 22 includes two embodiments;
the first embodiment: the belt surface of the second screening mechanism 22 is not provided with screen holes, and the second screening mechanism is a complete conveying belt and directly moves downwards in a vibrating state after the first screening mechanism screens solid particles.
The second embodiment: the sieve mesh has been seted up on the belt face of second screening mechanism 22, the size of its sieve mesh is less than the sieve mesh size of first screening mechanism, and the interior bottom surface interval setting of second screening mechanism 22 and support frame 23, the solid material granule falls into second screening mechanism after the sieve mesh screening of first screening mechanism, the material after the sieve mesh screening of follow second screening mechanism falls into to the interior bottom surface of support frame 23 on, and flow from low-side one side of screening plant's low side of little granule material passageway 32, can install receiving device additional respectively at the discharge gate of large granule material passageway 31 and the discharge gate of little granule material passageway 32, in order to connect the solid particle who gets the different particle diameters who is sieved.
As shown in fig. 5 to 7, the collecting device 9 includes a collecting box 25, a turning plate 27 and an extruding mechanism 35, the collecting box 25 is a rectangular box structure with an inner cavity, the collecting box 25 is a high-temperature box, a heating element 37 is arranged on the inner wall in the collecting box, the heating element is a high-power heating tube, so that a high-temperature environment is formed in the box, most of the collected light materials are plastic tubes, packaging materials, sheet plastic sheets and the like, and the collecting box 25 collects and softens the light materials; the top of the collection box body 25 is provided with a light material collection port 26, the bottom of the collection box body 25 is provided with a light material discharge port 36, a turnover plate 27 is arranged in the collection box body 25 and close to the light material collection port 26, the turnover plate 27 is arranged in a rotating mode through a horizontal shaft, an extrusion mechanism 35 is arranged in the collection box body 25 and close to the light material discharge port 36, and the extrusion mechanism 35 extrudes softened light materials falling after the turnover plate 27 is turned downwards. The light materials enter the upper surface of the turnover plate 27 in the collection box body 25 from the light material collection port 26 and stay for a certain time, the light materials are softened by high-temperature heat generated by the heating element 37 in the collection box body 25, after the stay time is reached, the turnover plate 27 turns downwards, the softened light materials fall down, and the light materials are softened and extruded to be beneficial to collection and recycling.
Still including rejecting the subassembly, it includes linear driving mechanism 7, drive yoke 71 and rejects silk 38 to reject the subassembly, drive yoke 71 is the rod body structure of U type, linear driving mechanism 7 is the cylinder, it is connected with thin threadlike rejection silk 38 tightly between two free ends of drive yoke 71, like the steel wire, collect two relative lateral walls of box 25 and go up parallel returning face plate 27 and all seted up wire casing 29, just the plane at wire casing 29 place is located returning face plate 27's pivot below, it passes wire casing 29 to reject silk 38, just it all stretches out to the collection box 25 outside to reject the both ends of silk 38, it laminates the lower surface at returning face plate 27 to reject silk 38, linear driving mechanism 7 drives the length direction reciprocating displacement of drive yoke 71 along wire casing 29. The turnover plate is driven by the motor 34 and the rotating shaft 28, the periphery of the turnover plate and the inner wall of the collecting box body are arranged at intervals, and a avoiding area 40 is generated to ensure that the turnover plate does not interfere with the rejecting wire 38 when in turnover, and the rejecting wire is a wall body close to the box body when in a turnover state.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4 and 8, the dust removing device further comprises a dust removing assembly 10, wherein the dust removing assembly 10 is arranged between the collecting device 9 and the screening device 2, and the dust removing assembly 10 removes dust on the high-end side of the screening device 2;
As shown in fig. 8, the light material passage 102 includes a feeding section 110, a discharging section 112 and a transition section 111 located in the middle, the feeding section 110, the discharging section 112 and the transition section 111 are all in a straight cylinder structure, the transition section 111 is respectively arranged in a staggered manner with the feeding section 110 and the discharging section 112, and the joints of the transition section 111 with the feeding section 110 and the discharging section 112 are both arranged in an oblique transition manner; the light material entering the light material channel 102 falls downwards and collides with the inner wall of the dust removing box 101 in multiple stages, the inclined joint forms a collision area, a collision wall 107 of the discharge end 112 is provided with a dust outlet 118 with a micropore, and a negative pressure device is connected outside the dust outlet 118 to further discharge the dust in the collecting box. Through the inner wall collision that makes light material and collecting box to reduce the dust of adhesion on it, avoid after collecting it, the too much dust of adhesion on the light material and cause operational environment abominable, also reduce simultaneously and remain the dust on the light material after softening.
Be provided with the bounce subassembly in the changeover portion 111, the bounce subassembly includes baffle 106 and cam 108, baffle 106 sets up in the below of light weight material feed inlet 16, just the baffle sets up on keeping away from the lateral wall body of feeding section 110, the collision wall 107 interval of the junction between changeover portion 111 and the feeding section 110 sets up, forms the circle road junction 109 of bar, interval the below of circle road junction 109 is provided with cam 108, cam 108 rotates the setting, just the direction of length of circle road junction 109 is followed to the axis of rotation of cam 108.
Still include bottom plate 119, bottom plate 119 is the rectangular board of bending along length direction L type, the bottom plate interval sets up the below at cam 108, the bottom plate is fixed to be set up on the lateral wall opposite with baffle 106, makes the regional one that the cam place formed through bottom plate 119 and stops, makes the material only can pass through from the region between cam 108 and baffle 106, has then guaranteed that the material homoenergetic is catapulted on baffle 106 by pivoted cam 108, increases the kinetic energy of motion of material, changes in the dust of getting rid of.
The light materials comprise dust and plastic products, when the light materials are displaced from the high end of the screening device 2 to the inside of the dust removal box 101, the dust is discharged to the outside of the dust removal box through the negative pressure device 11, the plastic products with the mass larger than that of the dust fall downwards onto the collision wall 107 of the feeding section 110, the dust on the light materials falls after collision, and the generated dust particles are discharged to the outside of the dust removal box 101 through the negative pressure device 11 in the feeding section 110;
the collided light materials enter the transition section 111 from the ramp port 109, the light materials which are just entered are upwards bounced through the rotating cam 108, the light materials bounced by the cam 108 collide on the baffle 106 to increase the kinetic energy of the light materials, then the light materials are bounced downwards to continue to enter the transition section 111, when the light materials in the transition section 111 fall downwards onto the collision wall 107 of the discharge section 112, the dust on the light materials is bounced again, the dust generated when the light materials collide with the baffle 106 and the collision wall 107 of the discharge section is discharged out of the dust removal box 101 through the dust outlet 118, and then the light materials enter the collecting device 9.
A solid waste high-efficiency treatment method of a solid waste screening treatment device comprises the following steps:
s1: firstly, primarily crushing solid waste by a crushing device, and primarily screening to obtain blocky solid materials with the particle size of less than 10 CM;
s2: the vibration exciter 13 drives the support frame 23 and the first screening mechanism 21 and the second screening mechanism 22 in the support frame 23 to vibrate at high frequency, and simultaneously the first screening mechanism 21 and the second screening mechanism 22 slowly rotate; adding the obtained solid material through the feeding device 1, wherein the solid material falls into the middle position or the upper position on the first screening mechanism 21, and in a vibration state, the heavy material with the particle size larger than the sieve pores of the first screening mechanism 21 falls downwards to the lower half part of the second screening mechanism 22, and the heavy material with the particle size smaller than the sieve pores of the first screening mechanism falls downwards to the upper half part of the second screening mechanism 22;
meanwhile, in a vibration state, due to the fact that the heavy materials and the light materials are different in weight, the downward movement speed of the heavy materials is larger than that of the light materials, the heavy materials on the first screening mechanism 21 and the second screening mechanism 22 are gradually separated from the light materials, and the light materials are displaced towards the high end and fall into the dust removal box under the blowing effect of the wind power device 3; the slow rotation of the first screening mechanism and the second screening mechanism can prolong the retention time of solid particles on the screening device, and fully expose the light materials covered by the heavy materials while the heavy materials roll down, and the light materials displace to one side of the high end of the screening device under the action of wind power and the autorotation of the screening mechanism to realize screening;
s3: the light materials comprise dust and plastic products, when the light materials are displaced from the high end of the screening device 2 to the inside of the dust removal box 101, the dust is discharged to the outside of the dust removal box through the negative pressure device 11, the plastic products with the mass larger than that of the dust fall downwards onto the collision wall 107 of the feeding section 110, the dust on the light materials falls after collision, and the generated dust particles are discharged to the outside of the dust removal box 101 through the negative pressure device 11 in the feeding section 110;
the collided light materials enter the transition section 111 from the ramp port 109, the light materials which are just entered upwards bounce through the rotating cam 108, the light materials bounced by the cam 108 collide on the baffle 106 to increase the kinetic energy of the light materials, then bounce downwards and continue to enter the transition section 111, when the light materials in the transition section 111 fall downwards onto the collision wall 107 of the discharge section 112, the dust on the light materials is bounced again, the dust generated when the light materials collide with the baffle 106 and the collision wall 107 of the discharge section is discharged out of the dust removal box 101 through the dust outlet 118, and then the light materials enter the collecting device 9;
s4: the light materials enter the upper surface of the turnover plate 27 in the collection box body 25 from the light material collection port 26 and stay for a certain time, the light materials are softened by high-temperature heat generated by the heating element 37 in the collection box body 25, the turnover plate 27 turns downwards after the light materials stay for the certain time, meanwhile, the driving frame 71 linearly displaces to enable the removing wires 38 to be attached to the lower surface of the turnover plate 27 to linearly displace, the softened light materials adhered to the turnover plate 27 are removed, the softened light materials downwards fall between two pairs of rollers of the extrusion mechanism 35, the softened light materials are extruded and finally fall into the collection box 8.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a solid waste screening processing apparatus which characterized in that: the screening device comprises a feeding device (1), a screening device (2), a wind power device (3), a rack (6) and a collecting device (9), wherein the screening device (2) is obliquely arranged on the rack (6) up and down, the screening device (2) screens materials in a vibration mode relative to the rack (6), the feeding device (1) is arranged above the screening device (2), a heavy material discharging hole (30) is formed in one side of the lower end of the screening device (2), the collecting device (9) is arranged on one side of the higher end of the screening device (2), the wind power device (3) is arranged on one side of the lower end of the screening device (2), and the wind power device (3) blows air to a material screening surface of the screening device (2); the light materials are displaced from the high end of the screening device (2) to the collecting device (9) through the blowing of the wind power device (3);
the collecting device (9) comprises a collecting box body (25), a turnover plate (27) and an extrusion mechanism (35), the collecting box body (25) is of a box body structure with an inner cavity, the collecting box body (25) is a high-temperature box, and the collecting box body (25) collects and softens light materials; the light material collecting port (26) has been seted up at the top of collection box (25), light material discharge gate (36) has been seted up to the bottom of collection box (25) it is provided with returning face plate (27) to be close to light material collecting port (26) in collection box (25), returning face plate (27) rotate the setting with the horizontal axis be close to light material discharge gate (36) in collection box (25) and be provided with extrusion mechanism (35), the softened light material that falls after extrusion mechanism (35) extrusion returning face plate (27) overturn downwards.
2. The solid waste screening apparatus of claim 1, wherein: collect box (25) and be the semi-closed cavity structure of annular of back taper, contain axis of rotation (28) on returning face plate (27), axis of rotation (28) horizontal erection and rotation set up on collecting box (25), extrusion mechanism (35) are to roller mechanism, extrusion mechanism (35) are located the throat department of collecting box (25).
3. The solid waste screening apparatus of claim 1, wherein: still including rejecting the subassembly, it includes sharp actuating mechanism (7), drive frame (71) and rejects silk (38) to reject the subassembly, drive frame (71) are the rod body structure of U type, be connected with thin threadlike rejection silk (38) between two free ends of drive frame (71), wire casing (29) have all been seted up to parallel returning face plate (27) on two relative lateral walls of collection box (25), just the plane at wire casing (29) place is located the pivot below of returning face plate (27), it passes wire casing (29) to reject silk (38), just the both ends of rejecting silk (38) all stretch out to collecting box (25) outside, reject the lower surface of silk (38) laminating returning face plate (27), sharp actuating mechanism (7) drive the length direction reciprocating displacement of wire casing (29) is followed to drive frame (71).
4. A solid waste screening apparatus as claimed in claim 3, in which: the dust removing device is characterized by further comprising a dust removing assembly (10), wherein the dust removing assembly (10) is arranged between the collecting device (9) and the screening device (2), and dust on the high-end side of the screening device (2) is removed by the dust removing assembly (10);
dust removal subassembly (10) are including dust removal case (101) and negative pressure device (11), dust removal case (101) are shell structure, dust removal case (101) contain light material passageway (102), light material feed inlet (16) have been seted up in dust removal case (101) correspondence screening plant (2), light material discharge gate (103) have been seted up in dust removal case (101) correspondence collection device (9), a plurality of dust removal holes (105) have been seted up on dust removal case (101) the lateral wall that is mutually opposite with light material feed inlet (16), dust removal hole (105) correspond the setting with negative pressure device (11).
5. The solid waste screening apparatus of claim 4, wherein: the light material channel (102) comprises a feeding section (110), a discharging section (112) and a transition section (111) positioned in the middle, the feeding section (110), the discharging section (112) and the transition section (111) are all of a straight-tube structure, the transition section (111) is arranged in a staggered mode with the feeding section (110) and the discharging section (112) respectively, and the connection positions of the transition section (111) and the feeding section (110) and the discharging section (112) are arranged in an inclined transition mode; the light material entering the light material channel (102) falls downwards and collides with the inner wall of the dust removal box (101) in multiple stages.
6. The solid waste screening apparatus of claim 5, wherein: be provided with the spring subassembly in changeover portion (111), the spring subassembly includes baffle (106) and cam (108), baffle (106) set up the below at light material feed inlet (16), just the baffle sets up on keeping away from a lateral wall body of feeding section (110), collision wall (107) interval setting of junction between changeover portion (111) and the feeding section (110) forms circle mouth (109), interval the below of circle mouth (109) is provided with cam (108), cam (108) rotate the setting, just the length direction setting of circle mouth (109) is followed to the axis of rotation of cam (108).
7. The solid waste screening apparatus of claim 6, wherein: screening plant (2) are including the first screening mechanism (21) and second screening mechanism (22) that set up along the incline direction, at least sieve mesh (20) have all been seted up on first screening mechanism (21), first screening mechanism (21) interval sets up the top at second screening mechanism (22), just the length of second screening mechanism (22) is greater than the length of first screening mechanism (21), the high-end of second screening mechanism (22) and the high-end adjacent setting of first screening mechanism (21), just the other end of second screening mechanism (22) extends to the low side along the incline direction.
8. The solid waste screening apparatus of claim 7, wherein: the screening device (2) further comprises a support frame (23), the support frame (23) is of a groove-shaped plate body structure with a U-shaped cross section, two ends of the support frame (23) in the length direction are arranged in an opening mode, the first screening mechanism (21) and the second screening mechanism (22) are supported and arranged in the U-shaped groove of the support frame (23) along the length direction of the support frame (23), and the second screening mechanism (22) and the inner bottom wall of the support frame (23) are arranged at a distance;
be provided with at least a set of connecting piece (12) on the outside diapire of support frame (23), support frame (23) are connected the setting through connecting piece (12) and frame (6), be provided with at least a set of vibration exciter (13) between support frame (23) and frame (6), support frame (23) pass through vibration exciter (13) and vibrate the top that sets up in frame (6).
9. The method for efficiently treating solid waste in a solid waste screening treatment device according to claim 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: firstly, primarily crushing solid waste by a crushing device, and primarily screening to obtain blocky solid materials with the particle size of less than 10 CM;
s2: the vibration exciter (13) drives the support frame (23) and the first screening mechanism (21) and the second screening mechanism (22) in the support frame (23) to vibrate at high frequency, and simultaneously the first screening mechanism (21) and the second screening mechanism (22) slowly rotate; adding the obtained solid material through a feeding device (1), wherein the solid material falls into the middle position or the upper position on a first screening mechanism (21), and in a vibration state, the heavy material with the particle size larger than the sieve pores of the first screening mechanism (21) rolls downwards to the lower half part of a second screening mechanism (22), and the heavy material with the particle size smaller than the sieve pores of the first screening mechanism falls towards the upper half part of the second screening mechanism (22);
meanwhile, in a vibration state, due to the fact that the heavy materials and the light materials are different in weight, the downward movement speed of the heavy materials is larger than that of the light materials, the heavy materials and the light materials on the first screening mechanism (21) and the second screening mechanism (22) are gradually separated, and the light materials are displaced towards the high end and fall into the dust removal box under the blowing effect of the wind power device (3); the slow rotation of the first screening mechanism and the second screening mechanism can prolong the retention time of solid particles on the screening device, and fully expose the light materials covered by the heavy materials while the heavy materials roll down, and the light materials displace to one side of the high end of the screening device under the action of wind power and the autorotation of the screening mechanism to realize screening;
s3: the light materials comprise dust and plastic products, when the light materials are displaced from the high end of the screening device (2) to the inside of the dust removal box (101), the dust is discharged to the outside of the dust removal box through the negative pressure device (11), the plastic products with the mass larger than that of the dust fall downwards onto the collision wall (107) of the feeding section (110), the dust on the light materials falls after collision, and the generated dust particles are discharged to the outside of the dust removal box (101) through the negative pressure device (11) in the feeding section (110);
the collided light materials enter a transition section (111) from a ramp port (109), the light materials which just enter are bounced upwards through a rotating cam (108), the light materials bounced by the cam (108) are collided on a baffle (106), the kinetic energy of the light materials is increased, then the light materials are bounced downwards and continue to enter the transition section (111), when the light materials in the transition section (111) fall downwards onto a collision wall (107) of a discharge section (112), dust on the light materials is bounced again, the light materials collide with the baffle (106) and the dust generated by the collision wall (107) of the discharge section is discharged out of a dust removal box (101) through a dust outlet (118), and then the light materials enter a collecting device (9);
s4: the light materials enter the upper surface of the turnover plate (27) in the collection box body (25) from the light material collection port (26) and stay for a certain time, the light materials are softened by high-temperature heat generated by the heating element (37) in the collection box body (25), the turnover plate (27) is turned over downwards after the stay time is reached, meanwhile, the linear displacement of the driving frame (71) enables the rejection wire (38) to be attached to the lower surface of the turnover plate (27) to be linearly displaced, the softened light materials adhered to the turnover plate (27) are peeled off, and the softened light materials fall downwards between two pairs of rollers of the extrusion mechanism (35) to be extruded and finally fall into the collection box (8).
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