CN109715601B - 二氮杂二烯基化合物、薄膜形成用原料、以及薄膜的制造方法 - Google Patents
二氮杂二烯基化合物、薄膜形成用原料、以及薄膜的制造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN109715601B CN109715601B CN201780053070.5A CN201780053070A CN109715601B CN 109715601 B CN109715601 B CN 109715601B CN 201780053070 A CN201780053070 A CN 201780053070A CN 109715601 B CN109715601 B CN 109715601B
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- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 22
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical group [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 62
- -1 methyl group compound Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 42
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 abstract description 30
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 18
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 45
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 25
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 23
- 238000000231 atomic layer deposition Methods 0.000 description 22
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 21
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 17
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 15
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229940125904 compound 1 Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 7
- 239000012038 nucleophile Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 6
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 6
- 238000003852 thin film production method Methods 0.000 description 6
- WAWSXAURSPXQJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dimethylheptane-3,5-dione titanium Chemical compound [Ti].CC(C)C(=O)CC(=O)C(C)C.CC(C)C(=O)CC(=O)C(C)C WAWSXAURSPXQJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004833 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid anhydride Natural products CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylmorpholine Chemical compound CN1CCOCC1 SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IOSZNZQLRCODJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ti].CC(C)(C(CC(C(C)(C)C)=O)=O)C.CC(C)(C(CC(C(C)(C)C)=O)=O)C Chemical compound [Ti].CC(C)(C(CC(C(C)(C)C)=O)=O)C.CC(C)(C(CC(C(C)(C)C)=O)=O)C IOSZNZQLRCODJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000000058 cyclopentadienyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC1)* 0.000 description 3
- SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOC SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N endo-cyclopentadiene Natural products C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 3
- XYAYQJMVQMEILJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentane-2,4-dione;titanium Chemical compound [Ti].CC(=O)CC(C)=O.CC(=O)CC(C)=O XYAYQJMVQMEILJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004213 tert-butoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(O*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QEGNUYASOUJEHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-dimethylcyclohexane Chemical compound CC1(C)CCCCC1 QEGNUYASOUJEHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PAMIQIKDUOTOBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylpiperidine Chemical compound CN1CCCCC1 PAMIQIKDUOTOBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OERFBUSLNRCLOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n,2-n-di(propan-2-yl)propane-1,2-diimine Chemical compound CC(C)N=CC(C)=NC(C)C OERFBUSLNRCLOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OISVCGZHLKNMSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dimethylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C)=N1 OISVCGZHLKNMSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003229 2-methylhexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- HCFAJYNVAYBARA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-heptanone Chemical compound CCCC(=O)CCC HCFAJYNVAYBARA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052773 Promethium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DHXVGJBLRPWPCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydropyran Chemical compound C1CCOCC1 DHXVGJBLRPWPCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 2
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- YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)=O YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000004663 dialkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dysprosium atom Chemical compound [Dy] KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N europium atom Chemical compound [Eu] OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
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- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
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- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium atom Chemical compound [Pr] PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 2
- VQMWBBYLQSCNPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N promethium atom Chemical compound [Pm] VQMWBBYLQSCNPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N terbium atom Chemical compound [Tb] GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005922 tert-pentoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000001973 tert-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002230 thermal chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
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- JJWLVOIRVHMVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)N JJWLVOIRVHMVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ODZPKZBBUMBTMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium amide Chemical compound [NH2-].[Na+] ODZPKZBBUMBTMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- JMXKSZRRTHPKDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium ethoxide Chemical compound [Ti+4].CC[O-].CC[O-].CC[O-].CC[O-] JMXKSZRRTHPKDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium(IV) isopropoxide Chemical compound CC(C)O[Ti](OC(C)C)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005270 trialkylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/06—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of metallic material
- C23C16/18—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of metallic material from metallo-organic compounds
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
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Abstract
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及新的二氮杂二烯基化合物,包含该化合物的薄膜形成用原料,以及使用该薄膜形成用原料的薄膜的制造方法。
背景技术
含有金属元素的薄膜材料显示出电特性和光学性质等,因而已被应用于各种用途。例如,镍和含镍薄膜主要用于电阻膜、阻挡膜等电子元件的部件、磁性膜等记录介质用的部件、以及电极等薄膜太阳能电池用部件等。
上述薄膜的制造方法的实例包括:溅射法、离子镀法、涂布热解法、溶胶-凝胶法等MOD法、CVD法、原子层沉积法(以下有时称为ALD)法)。由于得到的薄膜的品质良好,因而主要使用CVD法、ALD法。
作为用于化学气相沉积法的金属供给源,已经大量报道了各种各样的材料。例如,专利文献1公开了二氮杂二烯基络合物,其可以用作通过ALD法薄膜形成用原料。此外,专利文献2公开了可用于化学蒸镀法或原子层蒸镀法的二氮杂二烯系金属化合物。专利文献1和2没有具体记载本发明的二氮杂二烯基化合物。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:美国专利申请公开第2013/0164456号说明书
专利文献2:日本特表2013-545755号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的课题
在使化学气相沉积用原料气化而在基体表面上形成含有金属的薄膜时,蒸气压高、无自燃性、且可形成高品质薄膜的化学气相沉积用原料是适合的。为了形成更高品质的薄膜,必须使用ALD法在200℃以上的温度下进行加热。因此,需要一种化学气相沉积用原料,其可应用于ALD法,并且蒸气压高、无自燃性,具有在200℃以上的热分解开始温度。这里,上述高品质的薄膜意味着膜中残留的碳含量低。
解决课题的方法
本发明人进行了反复研究,结果发现,特定的二氮杂二烯基化合物可以解决上述课题,从而实现了本发明。
本发明提供下述通式(I)表示的二氮杂二烯基化合物。
[化1]
式中,R1表示碳数1~6的直链或支链烷基,M表示镍原子或锰原子。
另外,本发明提供薄膜形成用原料,其包含上述通式(I)表示的二氮杂二烯基化合物。
进而,本发明提供一种薄膜的制造方法,其包括:向设置有基体的成膜室内导入包含使上述薄膜形成用原料气化而得到的二氮杂二烯基化合物的蒸气,使该二氮杂二烯基化合物发生分解和/或化学反应,以在该基体的表面,形成含有选自镍原子和锰原子中的至少1种原子的薄膜。
发明效果
根据本发明,可以得到蒸气压高、无自燃性和热分解开始温度非常高的二氮杂二烯基化合物。该二氮杂二烯基化合物特别适合作为通过CVD法或ALD法薄膜形成用原料。包含该二氮杂二烯基化合物的薄膜形成用原料可以通过CVD法或ALD法形成在膜中残留的碳含量低的高品质薄膜。特别地,由于本发明的二氮杂二烯基化合物与氢的反应性特别良好,因此包含该二氮杂二烯基化合物的薄膜形成用原料可通过ALD法形成非常高品质的金属镍薄膜。
附图说明
图1是示出用于本发明的薄膜制造方法的化学气相沉积用装置的一例的概念图。
图2是示出用于本发明的薄膜制造方法的化学气相沉积用装置的另一例的概念图。
图3是示出用于本发明的薄膜制造方法的化学气相沉积用装置的另一例的概念图。
图4是示出用于本发明的薄膜制造方法的化学气相沉积用装置的另一例的概念图。
具体实施方式
本发明的二氮杂二烯基化合物由上述通式(I)表示。该化合物适合作为CVD法等具有气化工序的薄膜制造方法的前体,也可以用于使用ALD法形成薄膜。
在本发明的上述通式(I)中,R1表示碳数1~6的直链或支链烷基,M表示镍原子或锰原子。
上述R1表示的碳数1~6的直链或支链烷基的实例包括:甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、戊基、异戊基和己基等。
在上述通式(I)中,R1为甲基的化合物是特别优选的,因为该化合物的蒸气压高,热分解开始温度高,并且在用作通过CVD法或ALD法薄膜形成用原料时,可以得到高品质的薄膜。在通过不伴有气化工序的MOD法制造薄膜的方法的情况下,R1可以根据在所用溶剂中的溶解度、薄膜形成反应等来适当选择。
通式(I)表示的二氮杂二烯基化合物的优选具体实例包括:下述化合物No.1~No.12表示的化合物。予以说明,在下述化合物No.1~No.12中,“Me”表示甲基,“Et”表示乙基,“Pr”表示丙基,“iPr”表示异丙基,“sBu”表示仲丁基,“tBu”表示叔丁基。
本发明的二氮杂二烯基化合物的制造方法没有特别限制,可以使用公知的反应来制造。例如,在制造镍的二氮杂二烯基化合物时,例如可举出如下方法:在钠、锂、氢化钠、氨基钠、氢氧化钠、甲醇钠、氨、胺等碱的存在下,使镍的卤化物、硝酸盐等无机盐或其水合物与该二氮杂二烯基化合物反应的方法;使镍的卤化物、硝酸盐等无机盐或其水合物与该二氮杂二烯基化合物的钠络合物,锂络合物、钾络合物等反应的方法等。
予以说明,这里使用的二氮杂二烯基化合物的制造方法没有特别限制,可以使用公知的反应来制造。例如可举出如下方法:将使烷基胺与烷基乙二醛在三氯甲烷等溶剂中反应而得到的产物用合适的溶剂提取,进行脱水处理,由此得到二氮杂二烯基化合物。
本发明的薄膜形成用原料是指将上文说明的本发明的二氮杂二烯基化合物作为薄膜的前体,原料的形态根据该薄膜形成用原料的制造方法而不同。例如,在制造仅包括选自镍原子和锰原子中的至少1种金属的薄膜时,本发明的薄膜形成用原料不包括上述二氮杂二烯基化合物以外的金属化合物和半金属化合物。另一方面,在制造包括2种以上的金属和/或半金属的薄膜时,除了上述二氮杂二烯基化合物以外,本发明的薄膜形成用原料还包括含有期望金属的化合物和/或含有期望半金属的化合物(以下也称为“其他前体”)。如下文所述,本发明的薄膜形成用原料还可包括有机溶剂和/或亲核试剂。由于如上所述,用作前体的二氮杂二烯基化合物的物性适于CVD法、ALD法,因此,本发明的薄膜形成用原料特别可用作化学气相沉积用原料(以下有时称为“CVD”)。
在本发明的薄膜形成用原料是化学气相沉积用原料时,其形态可根据所使用的CVD法中的输送供给方法等方法适当地选择。
作为上述输送供给方法,包括如下方法:气体输送法,其中,通过在储存有CVD用原料的容器(以下有时简称为“原料容器”)中加热和/或减压该原料而使之气化成为蒸气,将该蒸气与根据需要使用的氩气、氮气和氦气等载气一起导入设置有基体的成膜室(以下有时称为“沉积反应部”)内;以及液体输送法,其中,将CVD用原料以液体或溶液的状态输送到气化室中,通过在气化室中加热和/或减压而使之气化成为蒸气,将该蒸气导入成膜室。当使用气体输送法时,通式(I)表示的二氮杂二烯基化合物本身可用作CVD用原料。当使用液体输送法时,通式(I)表示的二氮杂二烯基化合物本身或将该化合物溶解在有机溶剂中而得到的溶液可用作CVD用原料。这些CVD用原料还可以包括其他前体、亲核试剂等。
此外,在多成分体系的CVD法中,包括如下方法:独立地气化和供给各成分的CVD用原料的方法(以下有时称为“单一来源法”),将多成分原料以预先期望的组成混合而成的混合原料气化并供给的方法(以下有时称为“鸡尾酒来源法”)。当使用鸡尾酒来源法时,本发明的二氮杂二烯基化合物和其他前体的混合物、或将该混合物溶解在有机溶剂中而得到的混合溶液可用作CVD用原料。该混合物或混合溶液还可以包括亲核试剂等。
作为上述有机溶剂,可以不受特别限制地使用周知的一般的有机溶剂。该有机溶剂的实例包括:乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯和乙酸甲氧基乙酯等乙酸酯类;四氢呋喃、四氢吡喃、乙二醇二甲醚、二甘醇二甲醚、三甘醇二甲醚、二丁醚、二烷等醚类;甲基丁基酮、甲基异丁基酮、乙基丁基酮、二丙基酮、二异丁基酮、甲基戊基酮、环己酮、甲基环己酮等酮类;己烷、环己烷、甲基环己烷、二甲基环己烷、乙基环己烷、庚烷、辛烷、甲苯、二甲苯等烃类;1-氰基丙烷、1-氰基丁烷、1-氰基己烷、氰基环己烷、氰基苯、1,3-二氰基丙烷、1,4-二氰基丁烷、1,6-二氰基己烷、1,4-二氰基环己烷、1,4-二氰基苯等具有氰基的烃类;吡啶、二甲基吡啶等。根据溶质的溶解度、使用温度、沸点和闪点之间的关系,这些有机溶剂可以单独使用或混合2种以上使用。当使用这样的有机溶剂时,作为前体溶解在有机溶剂中得到的溶液的CVD用原料中的整个前体的量优选为0.01~2.0mol/L,特别优选为0.05~1.0mol/L。如本文所述,整个前体的量是指:当本发明的薄膜形成用原料不包括本发明的二氮杂二烯基化合物以外的金属化合物和半金属化合物时,本发明的二氮杂二烯基化合物的量;也是指:当本发明的薄膜形成用原料包括除了该二氮杂二烯基化合物以外的含有其他金属的化合物和/或含有半金属的化合物(其他前体)时,本发明的二氮杂二烯基化合物和其他前体的合计量。
另外,当进行多成分体系的CVD法时,与本发明的二氮杂二烯基化合物一起使用的其他前体没有特别限制,可以使用任何已知用于CVD用原料的通常的前体。
其他前体的实例包括:选自具有以下基团作为配体的化合物中的1种或2种以上的硅或金属的化合物:氢化物,氢氧化物、卤化物、叠氮化物、烷基、烯基、环烷基、芳基、炔基、氨基、二烷基氨基烷基、单烷基氨基、二烷基氨基、二胺、二(甲硅烷基-烷基)氨基、二(烷基-甲硅烷基)氨基、二甲硅烷基氨基、烷氧基、烷氧基烷基、肼基、膦基、腈、二烷基氨基烷氧基、烷氧基烷基二烷基氨基、甲硅烷氧基、二酮基、环戊二烯基、甲硅烷基、吡唑基、胍基、磷酸胍、脒基、酮亚胺基、二酮亚胺基、羰基和磷酸脒基。
作为前体的金属的实例包括:镁、钙、锶、钡、镭、钪、钇、钛、锆、铪、钒、铌、钽、铬、钼、钨、铁、锇、钴、铑、铱、钯、铂、铜、银、金、锌、镉、铝、镓、铟、锗、锡、铅、锑、铋、镧、铈、镨、钕、钷、钐、铕、钆、铽、镝、钬、铒、铥、镱。
这些其他前体在相关技术领域中是众所周知的,并且其制造方法也是众所周知的。若列举制造方法的一例的话,例如,在使用醇化合物作为有机配体的情况下,可以通过使上述的金属的无机盐或其水合物与该醇化合物的碱金属醇盐反应来制备前体。在此,金属的无机盐或其水合物的实例包括:金属的卤化物、硝酸盐等,碱金属醇盐的实例包括:醇钠,醇锂、醇钾等。
在单一来源法的情况下,上述其他前体优选为表现出与本发明的二氮杂二烯基化合物的热和/或氧化分解的行为类似的化合物。在鸡尾酒来源法的情况下,上述其他前体优选为除了表现出类似的热和/或氧化分解的行为以外、而且在混合时不会因化学反应等而引起改性的化合物。
在上述其他前体中,作为含有钛、锆或铪的前体,可举出下述式(II-1)~(II-5)表示的化合物[化4]
式中,M1表示钛、锆或铪;Ra和Rb各自独立地表示可被卤原子取代、可在链中含有氧原子的碳数1~20的烷基,Rc表示碳数1~8的烷基;Rd表示碳数2~18的可支链化的亚烷基;Re和Rf各自独立地表示氢原子或碳数1~3的烷基;Rg、Rh、Rk和Rj各自独立地表示氢原子或碳数1~4的烷基;p表示0~4的整数;q表示0或2;r表示0~3的整数;s表示0~4的整数;t表示1~4的整数。
在上述式(II-1)~(II-5)中,作为Ra和Rb表示的可被卤原子取代、可在链中含有氧原子的碳数1~20的烷基,可举出:甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、异丁基、戊基、异戊基、新戊基、叔戊基、己基、环己基、1-甲基环己基、庚基、3-庚基、异庚基、叔庚基、正辛基、异辛基、叔辛基、2-乙基己基、三氟甲基、全氟己基、2-甲氧基乙基、2-乙氧基乙基、2-丁氧基乙基、2-(2-甲氧基乙氧基)乙基、1-甲氧基-1,1-二甲基甲基、2-甲氧基-1,1-二甲基乙基、2-乙氧基-1,1-二甲基乙基、2-异丙氧基-1,1-二甲基乙基、2-丁氧基-1,1-二甲基乙基、和2-(2-甲氧基乙氧基)-1,1-二甲基乙基。另外,作为Rc表示的碳数1~8的烷基,可举出:甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、异丁基、戊基、异戊基、新戊基、叔戊基、己基、1-乙基戊基、环己基、1-甲基环己基、庚基、异庚基、叔庚基、正辛基、异辛基、叔辛基、2-乙基己基。另外,Rd表示的可支链化的碳数2~8的亚烷基是指衍生自二醇的基团。作为该二醇,例如可举出:1,2-乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,3-丁二醇、2,4-己二醇、2,2-二甲基-1,3-丙二醇、2,2-二乙基-1,3-丙二醇、2,2-二乙基-1,3-丁二醇、2-乙基-2-丁基-1,3-丙二醇、2,4-戊二醇、2-甲基-1,3-丙二醇、1-甲基-2,4-戊二醇。作为Re和Rf表示的碳数1~3的烷基,可举出:甲基、乙基、丙基、2-丙基。作为Rg、Rh、Rj和Rk表示的碳数1~4的烷基,可举出:甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、异丁基。
含有钛的前体的具体实例包括:四(乙氧基)钛、四(2-丙氧基)钛、四(丁氧基)钛、四(仲丁氧基)钛、四(异丁氧基)钛、四(叔丁氧基)钛、四(叔戊基)钛、四(1-甲氧基-2-甲基-2-丙氧基)钛等四(烷氧基)钛;四(戊烷-2,4-二酮)钛、(2,6-二甲基庚烷-3,5-二酮)钛、四(2,2,6,6-四甲基庚烷-3,5-二酮)钛等四β-二酮钛类;双(甲氧基)双(戊烷-2,4-二酮)钛、双(乙氧基)双(戊烷-2,4-二酮)钛、双(叔丁氧基)双(戊烷-2,4-二酮)钛、双(甲氧基)双(2,6-二甲基庚烷-3,5-二酮)钛、双(乙氧基)双(2,6-二甲基庚烷-3,5-二酮)钛、双(2-丙氧基)双(2,6-二甲基庚烷-3,5-二酮)钛、双(叔丁氧基)双(2,6-二甲基庚烷-3,5-二酮)钛、双(叔戊氧基)双(2,6-二甲基庚烷-3,5-二酮)钛、双(甲氧基)双(2,2,6,6-四甲基庚烷-3,5-二酮)钛、双(乙氧基)双(2,2,6,6-四甲基庚烷-3,5-二酮)钛、双(2-丙氧基)双(2,6,6,6-四甲基庚烷-3,5-二酮)钛、双(叔丁氧基)双(2,2,6,6-四甲基庚烷-3,5-二酮基)钛、双(叔戊氧基)双(2,2,6,6-四甲基庚烷-3,5-二酮)钛等双(烷氧基)双(β-二酮)钛类;(2-甲基戊二氧基)双(2,2,6,6-四甲基庚烷-3,5-二酮)钛和(2-甲基戊二氧基)双(2,6-二甲基庚烷-3,5-二酮)钛等烷基二氧基双(β-二酮)钛类;(甲基环戊二烯基)三(二甲基氨基)钛、(乙基环戊二烯基)三(二甲基氨基)钛、(环戊二烯基)三(二甲基氨基)钛、(甲基环戊二烯基)三(乙基甲基氨基)钛、(乙基环戊二烯基)三(乙基甲基氨基)钛、(环戊二烯基)三(乙基甲基氨基)钛、(甲基环戊二烯基)三(二乙基氨基)钛、(乙基环戊二烯基)三(二乙基氨基)钛、(环戊二烯基)三(二乙基氨基)钛等(环戊二烯基)三(二烷基氨基)钛;(环戊二烯基)三(甲氧基)钛、(甲基环戊二烯基)三(甲氧基)钛、(乙基环戊二烯基)三(甲氧基)钛、(丙基环戊二烯基)三(甲氧基)钛、(异丙基环戊二烯基)三(甲氧基)钛、(丁基环戊二烯基)三(甲氧基)钛、(异丁基环戊二烯基)三(甲氧基)钛、(叔丁基环戊二烯基)三(甲氧基)钛、(五甲基环戊二烯基)三(甲氧基)钛等(环戊二烯基)三(烷氧基)钛类。作为含有锆的前体或含有铪的前体,可举出将作为上述含有钛的前体所例示的化合物中的钛置换为锆或铪的化合物。
作为含有稀土元素的前体,可举出下述式(III-1)~(I I I-3)表示的化合物。
[化5]
式中,M2表示稀土原子;Ra和Rb各自独立地表示可被卤原子取代、可在链中含有氧原子的碳数1~20的烷基,Rc表示碳数1~8的烷基;Re和Rf各自独立地表示氢原子或碳数1~3的烷基;Rg和Rj各自独立地表示碳数1~4的烷基;p'表示0~3的整数;r'表示0~2的整数。
在上述含有稀土元素的前体中,M2表示的稀土原子的实例包括:钪、钇、镧、铈、镨、钕、钷、钐、铕、钆、铽、镝、钬、铒、铥、镱和镥。Ra、Rb、Rc、Re、Rf、Rg和Rj表示的基团的实例包括:在上述的含有钛的前体中例示的基团。
另外,根据需要,本发明的薄膜形成用原料可含有亲核试剂以向本发明的二氮杂二烯基化合物和其他前体赋予稳定性。亲核试剂的实例包括:甘醇二甲醚、二甘醇二甲醚、三甘醇二甲醚和四甘醇二甲醚等乙二醇醚;18-冠-6、二环己基-18-冠-6、24-冠-8、二环己基-24-冠-8、二苯并-24-冠-8等冠醚类;乙二胺、N,N'-四甲基乙二胺、二亚乙基三胺、三亚乙基四胺、四亚乙基五胺、五亚乙基六胺、1,1,4,7,7-五甲基二亚乙基三胺、1,1,4,7,10,10-六甲基三亚乙基四胺、三乙氧基三亚乙基胺等多胺类;环胺(cyclam)和环烯(cyclen)等环状多胺类;吡啶、吡咯烷、哌啶、吗啉、N-甲基吡咯烷、N-甲基哌啶、N-甲基吗啉、四氢呋喃、四氢吡喃、1,4-二烷、唑、噻唑和氧硫杂环戊烷等杂环化合物类;乙酰乙酸甲酯、乙酰乙酸乙酯和乙酰乙酸-2-甲氧基乙酯等β-酮酯类、或乙酰丙酮、2,4-己二酮、2,4-庚二酮、3,5-庚二酮和新戊酰基甲烷等β-二酮类。这些亲核试剂的用量相对于全部前体的量1mol,优选为0.1~10mol的范围,更优选为1~4mol的范围。
在本发明的薄膜形成用原料中,需要使构成其的成分以外的杂质金属元素、杂质氯等杂质卤素、和杂质有机成分的量最小化。对于每种元素来说,杂质金属元素的含量优选为100ppb以下,更优选为10ppb以下,按总量计,优选为1ppm以下,更优选为100ppb以下。特别是,当用于形成LSI的栅极绝缘膜,栅极膜或阻挡层时,必须减少影响得到的薄膜的电特性的碱金属元素和碱土金属元素的量。杂质卤素的量优选为100ppm以下,更优选为10ppm以下,最优选为1ppm以下。杂质有机成分按总量计,优选为500ppm以下,更优选为50ppm以下,最优选为10ppm以下。由于水分会导致化学气相沉积用原料中的颗粒生成和薄膜形成中的颗粒生成,因此,对于前体、有机溶剂和亲核试剂,为了减少各自的水分,最好在使用前尽可能地除去水分。前体、有机溶剂和亲核试剂的各自的水分含量优选为10ppm以下,更优选为1ppm以下。
另外,为了减少或防止要形成的薄膜的颗粒污染,优选的是,本发明的薄膜形成用原料尽可能地不含颗粒。具体地,在通过液相中的光散射型液中粒子检测器的颗粒测定中,优选在1ml液相中大于0.3μm的粒子数为100个以下,更优选在1ml液相中大于0.2μm的粒子数为1000个以下,最优选在1ml液相中大于0.2μm的粒子数为100个以下。
作为使用本发明的薄膜形成用原料制造薄膜的本发明的薄膜的制造方法,可以基于CVD法,该CVD法如下所述:将使本发明的薄膜形成用原料气化的蒸气、以及根据需要的(任选的)反应性气体导入设置有基体的成膜室内,接着,在基体上使前体发生分解和/或化学反应,以在基体表面上生长、沉积含有金属的薄膜。关于原料的输送供给方法、沉积方法、制造条件、制造装置等,没有特别限制,可以使用公知的通常的条件和方法。
作为上述根据需要使用的反应性气体,例如可举出氧气、臭氧、二氧化氮、一氧化氮、水蒸气、过氧化氢、甲酸、乙酸、乙酸酐等氧化性气体;氢气等还原性气体。另外,作为产生氮化物的气体,可举出单烷基胺、二烷基胺、三烷基胺和亚烷基二胺等有机胺化合物、肼、氨等。这些气体可以使用1种或2种以上。其中,由于本发明的二氮杂二烯基化合物与氢具有特别良好的反应性,因此,当使用氢作为反应性气体时,可以通过ALD法形成非常高品质的金属镍薄膜。
另外,上述输送供给方法的实例包括:上述的气体输送法、液体输送法、单一来源法、鸡尾酒源法等。
另外,上述沉积法的实例包括:其中原料气体或原料气体和反应性气体仅通过热而反应以沉积薄膜的热CVD;使用热和等离子体的等离子体CVD;使用热和光的光CVD;使用热、光和等离子体的光等离子体CVD;将CVD的沉积反应分成基本过程,在分子水平上逐步进行沉积的ALD。
上述基体的材质的实例包括:硅;氮化硅、氮化钛、氮化钽、氧化钛、氮化钛、氧化钌、氧化锆、氧化铪、氧化镧等陶瓷;玻璃;金属钌等金属。作为基体的形状,可举出片状、球状、纤维状、鳞片状。基体表面可以是平面的,也可以是沟槽结构等三维结构。
另外,作为上述的制造条件,可举出反应温度(基体温度)、反应压力、沉积速度等。反应温度优选为本发明的二氮杂二烯基化合物能充分反应的温度即150℃以上,更优选为150℃~400℃,特别优选为200℃~350℃。另外,在热CVD或光CVD的情况下,反应压力优选为大气压~10Pa,当使用等离子体时,优选为2000Pa~10Pa。
另外,沉积速度可以通过原料的供给条件(气化温度和气化压力)、反应温度和反应压力来控制。由于沉积速度高有时会降低所得薄膜的特性、沉积速度低有时会引起生产率的问题,因此,沉积速度优选为0.01~100nm/分钟,更优选为1~50nm/分钟。另外,在ALD法的情况下,通过循环次数进行控制,以得到期望的膜厚。
作为上述的制造条件,还可举出使薄膜形成用原料气化而形成蒸气时的温度和压力。使薄膜形成用原料气化而形成蒸气的工序既可以在原料容器内进行,也可以在气化室内进行。在任何一种情况下,优选将本发明的薄膜形成用原料在0~150℃下气化。另外,在原料容器内或气化室内使薄膜形成用原料气化而形成蒸气的情况下,原料容器内的压力和气化室内的压力均优选为1~10000Pa。
本发明的薄膜的制造方法当采用ALD法,可以包括以下工序:通过上述输送供给方法,使薄膜形成用原料气化而形成蒸气,将该蒸气导入成膜室内的原料导入工序,除此以外,还可以包括以下工序:通过该蒸气中的上述二氮杂二烯基化合物在上述基体的表面上形成前体薄膜的前体薄膜形成工序;排出未反应的二氮杂二烯基化合物气体的排气工序;以及,使该前体薄膜与反应性气体发生化学反应,在该基体的表面上形成含有上述金属的薄膜的含金属的薄膜形成工序。
下面,详细地说明上述的各工序。当通过ALD法形成含有选自镍原子和锰原子中的至少1种原子的金属薄膜时,首先,进行上文说明的原料导入工序。薄膜形成用原料形成蒸气时优选的温度和压力与上文说明的相同。然后,通过导入到堆积反应部的二氮杂二烯基化合物,在基体表面上形成前体薄膜(前体薄膜形成工序)。此时,可以通过加热基体、或加热沉积反应部来施加热量。在该工序中形成的前体薄膜是通过使二氮杂二烯基化合物的一部分发生分解和/或反应而生成的薄膜,具有与目标金属薄膜不同的组成。进行该工序时的基体温度优选为室温~500℃,更优选为150~350℃。进行该工序时的体系(成膜室内)的压力优选为1~10000Pa,更优选为10~1000Pa。
接着,将未反应的二氮杂二烯基化合物气体和副产的气体从沉积反应部中排出(排气工序)。未反应的二氮杂二烯基化合物气体和副产的气体完全从沉积反应部中排出是理想的,但未必是完全排出。排气方法的实例包括:用氮气、氦气、氩气等非活性气体吹扫体系内的方法,通过减压系统内部进行排气的方法,以及组合这些方法的方法等。使用减压方法时的减压度优选为0.01~300Pa,更优选为0.01~100Pa。
接着,将反应性气体导入沉积反应部中,在该反应性气体的作用或反应性气体和热的作用下,从先前的前体薄膜形成工序中得到的前体薄膜形成目标金属薄膜(金属薄膜形成工序)。在本工序中使用加热时的温度优选为室温~500℃,更优选为150~350℃。进行本工序时的体系(成膜室)内的压力优选为1~10000Pa,更优选为10~1000Pa。由于本发明的二氮杂二烯基化合物与反应性气体具有良好的反应性,因而可以得到残留碳含量低的高品质的金属薄膜。
本发明的薄膜的制造方法中,当如上所述采用ALD法时,将通过包括上述的原料导入工序、前体薄膜形成工序、排气工序和金属薄膜形成工序在内的一系列操作进行的薄膜沉积视为一个循环,可以重复多次该循环,直至得到期望厚度的薄膜。在这种情况下,在进行一个循环后,优选与上述排气工序同样操作,从沉积反应部中排出未反应的二氮杂二烯基化合物气体、反应性气体、以及副产的气体后再进行下一个循环。
另外,当通过ALD法形成薄膜时,可以施加等离子体、光、电压等能量,也可以使用催化剂。施加该能量的时期和使用催化剂的时期没有特别限制。例如,可以在原料导入工序中的二氮杂二烯基化合物气体导入时、前体薄膜形成工序或薄膜形成工序中的加温时、排气工序中的体系内的排气时、薄膜形成工序中的反应性气体导入时,也可以在上述各工序之间。
此外,在本发明的薄膜的制造方法中,在薄膜沉积后,为了获得更良好的电特性,可以在非活性气氛、氧化性气氛或还原性气氛下进行退火处理,在需要分阶段嵌入时,还可以设置回流工序。此时的温度为200~1000℃,优选为250~500℃。
使用本发明的薄膜形成用原料来制造薄膜的装置可以使用公知的化学气相沉积用装置。作为具体的装置的具例子,可举出如图1所示的前体可通过鼓泡供给的装置、和如图2所示的具有气化室的装置。还可以可举出如图3和图4所示的可以对反应性气体进行等离子体处理的装置。不限于图1至图4所示的单片式装置,也可以使用采用分批式炉的能够同时处理多片的装置。
使用本发明的薄膜形成用原料制造的薄膜通过适当地选择其他前体、反应性气体和制造条件,可以形成金属、氧化物陶瓷、氮化物陶瓷、玻璃等期望种类的薄膜。已知这种薄膜显示出各种电特性和光学特性等,可用于各种用途。例如,由于铜和含铜薄膜具有高导电性,高的抗电迁移性和高熔点等特性,因而已被用作LSI的布线材料。此外,镍和含镍薄膜主要用于电阻膜、阻挡膜等电子元件的部件、磁性膜等记录介质用的部件、以及电极等薄膜太阳能电池用部件等。
实施例
下面,参考实施例和评价例,更详细地说明本发明。但是,本发明不受以下实施例等的限制。
[制备例1]N,N'-二异丙基-丙烷-1,2-二亚胺的制备
向1L四颈烧瓶中装入197g(3.33mol)异丙胺和496g(4.16mol)脱水三氯甲烷,冷却至约10℃。向该溶液中用1小时滴加150g(0.833mol)丙酮醛40%水溶液,使液温为10~14℃。滴加结束后,将混合物在10℃的液温下搅拌2小时。然后,使反应液静置,分液出有机层。此外,将水层用三氯甲烷(100g)提取2次,回收有机层。合并所有有机层,用硫酸钠脱水并过滤,然后在略微减压下在60~70℃的油浴温度下除去溶剂。然后,在减压下和64℃的油浴温度下进行蒸馏。所得馏分为浅黄色透明的液体。产量为95.5g,收率为74.0%。
(分析值)
(1)质谱分析m/z:154(M+)
(2)元素分析C:72.2质量%,H:12.0质量%,N:17.9质量%(理论值;C:70.0质量%,H:11.8质量%,N:18.2质量%)
[实施例1]化合物No.1的制造
向1L四颈烧瓶中装入上述得到的21.4g(138.9mmol)N,N'-二异丙基-丙烷-1,2-二亚胺和脱水的四氢呋喃(412g),用干冰/IPA浴冷却至-30℃。向其中少量逐份加入0.988g(142.4mmol)的金属锂片并在-10℃下反应。在约-10℃下将该溶液滴加到9.0g(69.45mmol)氯化镍和脱水四氢呋喃(412g)的悬浮液中,然后将温度升至室温,反应15小时。然后,在略微减压下和油浴温度65℃下除去溶剂。放冷后,将产物用脱水己烷再溶解,然后通过膜滤器过滤。在65℃的油浴温度和稍微减压下从所得滤液中除去溶剂,并将残余物干燥。将得到的残渣在油浴温度115℃、压力20Pa下蒸馏,得到作为红黑色粘性液体的目的物。收量为5.8g,收率为20.5%。通过将得到的目的物放置在空气中来确认其有无自燃性,结果,没有自燃性。
(分析值)
(1)1H-NMR(溶剂:重苯)(化学位移:多重度:H数)
(8.976:s:1)(3.151~3.087:m:1)(2.651~2.587:m:1)(1.937~1.870:m:12)(-1.408:s:3)
(2)元素分析(金属分析:ICP-AES,氯分析:TOX)
Ni:15.9质量%,C:58.6质量%,H:10.0质量%,N:15.5质量%(理论值:Ni:16.0质量%,C:58.8质量%,H:9.88质量%,N:15.3质量%),氯(TOX):小于10ppm
[评价例1]化合物的物性评价
对化合物No.1和下述比较化合物1,在常压30℃下目测观察各化合物的状态。另外,对化合物No.1和下述比较化合物1,使用DSC测定热分解开始的温度。另外,对化合物No.1和下述比较化合物1,使用TG-DTA测定在减压下重量减少50%时的温度。结果示于表1。
(减压TG-DTA测定条件)
10托,Ar流量:50ml/分钟,升温速度:10℃/分钟,样品量:约10mg
[化6]
[表1]
从上表1可以看出,化合物No.1和比较化合物1是在常压、30℃的条件下为液体状态的化合物,它们的热分解开始温度均为200℃以上。可以看出,化合物No.1的热分解开始温度比比较化合物1高约15℃。此外,减压TG-DTA的结果表明,化合物No.1的减少50质量%时的温度虽然比比较化合物1略高,但作为化学气相沉积用原料来说显示出充分的蒸汽压。
[实施例2]通过ALD法的金属镍薄膜的制造
使用化合物No.1作为化学气相沉积用原料,使用图1所示的化学气相沉积用装置,通过以下条件的ALD法,在Cu基体上制造金属镍薄膜。对得到的薄膜,通过X射线反射率法测定膜厚,通过X射线衍射法和X射线光电子能谱法确认薄膜结构和薄膜组成,结果,膜厚为7~8nm,膜组成为金属镍(在XPS分析中由Ni2p峰确认),薄膜中的残留碳含量低于检测限0.1atom%。每个循环得到的膜厚为约0.05nm。
(条件)
反应温度(基体温度):250℃,反应性气体:氢气
(工序)
以包括下述(1)~(4)一系列的工序为1个循环,重复150个循环。
(1)将在原料容器加热温度:100℃、原料容器内压力100Pa的条件下气化的化学气相沉积用原料导入成膜室,在系统压力:100Pa下沉积30秒;
(2)通过5秒的氩气吹扫,除去未反应的原料和副产的气体。
(3)将反应性气体导入成膜室,在系统压力:100Pa下反应30秒。
(4)通过5秒的氩气吹扫,除去未反应的原料和副产的气体。
[比较例1]
使用上述比较化合物1用作化学气相沉积用原料,除此以外,以与实施例2同样的方法,制造金属镍薄膜。对得到的薄膜,通过X射线反射率法测定膜厚,通过X射线衍射法和X射线光电子能谱法确认薄膜结构和薄膜组成,结果,膜厚为6nm,膜组成为金属镍(在XPS分析中由Ni2p峰确认),薄膜中的残留碳含量为24atom%。每个循环得到的膜厚为约0.04nm。
由以上结果可知,对于实施例2而言,能够通过ALD法制造薄膜中的残留碳含量低的非常高品质的金属镍薄膜。另一方面可知,对于比较例1而言,确认在得到的金属镍薄膜中存在大量的残留碳,不能制造品质好的金属镍薄膜。
予以说明,本国际申请主张2016年8月29日提交的日本专利申请第2016-166588号的优先权,其内容通过引用以其整体并入本文。
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CN109715601A (zh) | 2019-05-03 |
US10920313B2 (en) | 2021-02-16 |
KR20190042648A (ko) | 2019-04-24 |
US20190185994A1 (en) | 2019-06-20 |
TW201815809A (zh) | 2018-05-01 |
EP3505511A1 (en) | 2019-07-03 |
JP2018035072A (ja) | 2018-03-08 |
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