CN109702489B - Full-automatic cutting and drilling integrated machine for aluminum wheel hub - Google Patents
Full-automatic cutting and drilling integrated machine for aluminum wheel hub Download PDFInfo
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- CN109702489B CN109702489B CN201910141963.6A CN201910141963A CN109702489B CN 109702489 B CN109702489 B CN 109702489B CN 201910141963 A CN201910141963 A CN 201910141963A CN 109702489 B CN109702489 B CN 109702489B
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 215
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017105 transposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
An aluminum hub full-automatic cutting and drilling integrated machine comprises a cutting and drilling machine and an automatic feeding and discharging device; the four chuck mechanisms of the workpiece clamping device of the cutting and drilling machine are arranged along circumference equally dividing angles and are divided by a cam dividing device of a rotary workbench mechanism; the automatic feeding device, the power head device and the automatic discharging device are sequentially distributed around the workpiece clamping device at intervals of 90 degrees in the clockwise direction to form four stations, the second station corresponds to one power head device for cutting off the riser of the central shaft hole, and the third station corresponds to at least two power head devices which are linearly distributed in the vertical direction of the axis of the cutter spindle; the second station and the third station are respectively and correspondingly provided with a workpiece rotation driving device which can be lifted, and are in power connection with a workpiece spindle through a pair of gears which can be meshed and disconnected by lifting; the automatic feeding and discharging device realizes the overturning and clamping connection of the workpiece 90 sections through a manipulator device, and realizes the flat conveying and lifting of the workpiece through a workpiece conveying device; solves the problems of inconvenient assembly and disassembly and high labor intensity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a metal cutting machine tool, and particularly relates to a full-automatic cutting and drilling integrated machine for an aluminum hub.
Background
The aluminum hub is complex in structure, and in order to improve the casting success rate, multi-point ventilation and pouring are generally adopted during casting, so that a plurality of risers 11 are arranged on the hub blank 1 as shown in fig. 2, and the risers are positioned at the central shaft hole and on the rim. The hub blank is required to be processed by cutting off a riser and drilling a central shaft hole. The traditional processing mode is that a lathe or a cutting machine is adopted to cut off the riser, and then the riser is manually moved to another drilling machine to drill, so that the occupied area is large, the equipment investment is large, and the riser is required to be assembled, disassembled and transported for many times, so that the production efficiency is reduced, and the labor intensity of workers is improved; or the full-function machining center is used for cutting the riser and drilling, but the equipment investment is large, the production cost is high, and the product processing, loading and unloading are inconvenient.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of large investment, inconvenient processing, loading and unloading and large labor intensity of traditional processing equipment for cutting off and drilling a central shaft hole of an aluminum hub riser, and provides a full-automatic cutting and drilling integrated machine for cutting off and processing the central shaft hole of the aluminum hub riser.
For this purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the full-automatic cutting and drilling integrated machine for the aluminum wheel hub is characterized by comprising a cutting and drilling machine, an automatic feeding device and an automatic discharging device; the cutting and drilling machine comprises a machine body, a workpiece clamping device, two workpiece rotation driving devices and at least three power head devices.
The workpiece clamping device comprises a rotary workbench mechanism and four chuck mechanisms; the rotary workbench mechanism comprises a table disc, a cam indexer and an indexing driving motor, wherein the cam indexer and the indexing driving motor are fixedly arranged on the lathe bed, a force input shaft of the cam indexer is in transmission connection with a rotating shaft of the indexing driving motor through a transmission mechanism, and a force output shaft of the table disc fixedly arranged on the cam indexer is driven by the cam indexer to rotate and index.
Each chuck mechanism comprises a clamping mechanism, a workpiece main shaft and a main shaft support, the four main shaft supports are arranged on the table plate along the circumference direction at equal angles, the workpiece main shaft is arranged on the main shaft support through a bearing support, and the clamping mechanism is arranged at the outward front end of the workpiece main shaft.
The automatic feeding device, the power head device and the automatic discharging device are sequentially distributed around the workpiece clamping device, a first station, a second station, a third station and a fourth station are sequentially formed at intervals of 90 degrees in the clockwise direction, the second station corresponds to the power head device for completing the cutting of the riser of the central shaft hole, the third station corresponds to the power head device for drilling the central shaft hole and at least one power head device for cutting the riser of the rim, and the drilling of the central shaft hole and the cutting of the riser of the rim can be simultaneously carried out; each power head device is supported and mounted on the lathe bed through a carriage feeding mechanism, each power head device comprises a cutter main shaft and a cutter driving motor, the cutter main shaft is supported and mounted on a carriage of the carriage feeding mechanism through a bearing and a main shaft box, the axial direction of the cutter main shaft is in the same direction with the axial direction of the corresponding workpiece main shaft, and the cutter driving motor is fixed relative to the carriage and is in transmission connection with the cutter main shaft through a transmission mechanism to drive the cutter main shaft to rotate; the power head devices on the third station are distributed in a straight line in the vertical direction of the axis of the tool spindle.
The second station and the third station are respectively and correspondingly provided with a workpiece rotation driving device, each workpiece rotation driving device comprises a supporting gantry, a servo motor, a speed reducing mechanism, a lifting moving mechanism, a lifting driving mechanism and a pair of gears which can be meshed with each other, the supporting gantry mainly comprises two upright posts and a cross beam which is arranged at the top ends of the upright posts, the lifting driving mechanism and the lifting moving mechanism are mutually connected and are supported and arranged by the cross beam, the speed reducing mechanism is arranged on the lifting moving mechanism, the servo motor is connected with an input shaft of the speed reducing mechanism, an output shaft of the speed reducing mechanism and the tail end of a workpiece main shaft are respectively provided with one gear, during machining, the lifting moving mechanism drives the gears on the output shaft of the speed reducing mechanism to descend and the gears at the tail end of the workpiece main shaft to be meshed with each other, the servo motor drives the workpiece main shaft to rotate through the transmission of the speed reducing mechanism and the gears, and the lifting moving mechanism drives the gears on the output shaft of the speed reducing mechanism to ascend after machining, the gears at the tail end of the workpiece main shaft are disconnected with the gears at the tail end of the workpiece main shaft, and the chuck mechanism is driven to rotate for the rotary worktable mechanism to leave space.
The automatic feeding device and the automatic discharging device both comprise a manipulator device and a workpiece conveying device; the manipulator device comprises a manipulator, a support, a traversing mechanism and a rotating mechanism for supporting and driving the manipulator to swing by 90 degrees, wherein the support is arranged on one side of the lathe bed corresponding to the first station and the fourth station, the traversing mechanism is arranged on the top end of the support, the manipulator is supported and arranged on the traversing mechanism through the rotating mechanism, and the traversing mechanism drives the manipulator to transversely displace from a workpiece grabbing position corresponding to the workpiece conveying device to a workpiece clamping position.
The invention further comprises the following technical characteristics as supplement and improvement of the technical scheme.
The third station comprises two power head devices for cutting off the riser of the rim and one power head device for drilling the central shaft hole, wherein the power head devices for drilling the central shaft hole are positioned between the two power head devices for cutting off the riser of the rim, so that the stress is symmetrical and stable during cutting off the riser of the rim, and the machining precision is improved.
The carriage feeding mechanism for supporting and installing the power head device for cutting off the riser of the central shaft hole and the riser of the rim comprises a longitudinal guide rail, a longitudinal carriage constrained to slide by the longitudinal guide rail, a transverse guide rail arranged on the longitudinal carriage, a transverse carriage constrained to slide by the transverse guide rail, a transverse driving mechanism for driving the transverse carriage to slide and a longitudinal driving mechanism for driving the longitudinal carriage to slide, the axial direction of the longitudinal guide rail is in the same direction as the axial direction of the cutter spindle, the axial directions of the transverse guide rail and the longitudinal guide rail are mutually perpendicular, and the power head device is arranged on the transverse carriage. During riser cutting, saw blades are respectively arranged on cutter spindles for cutting the riser of the central shaft hole and cutting the riser of the rim, and the diameter of the saw blade for cutting the riser of the central shaft hole is smaller than that of the saw blade for cutting the riser of the rim. After the longitudinal carriage is rapidly fed and slides to a longitudinal processing position, the transverse carriage is rapidly fed for cutting processing, and the transverse carriage is respectively reset after the cutting processing is completed.
The carriage feeding mechanism for supporting and installing the power head device for drilling the central shaft hole comprises a longitudinal guide rail, a longitudinal carriage restrained by the longitudinal guide rail to slide and a longitudinal driving mechanism for driving the longitudinal carriage to slide, and the power head device of the central shaft hole drilling station is installed on the longitudinal carriage.
The longitudinal driving mechanism and the transverse driving mechanism comprise a screw rod, a screw rod nut and a driving motor, the screw rod is supported and installed by a bearing and a bearing seat, a rotating shaft of the driving motor is connected with the screw rod, and the screw rod nut is connected with a corresponding longitudinal carriage or transverse carriage.
The manipulator comprises a support mounting plate, a clamping cylinder, two clamping connecting rods, two bow-shaped clamping hands and a central connecting rod, wherein clamping wheels with annular grooves are respectively arranged on the outer peripheral surfaces of the two ends of the bow-shaped clamping hands through shaft supports, when the wheel hub is clamped, the rim on one side of the wheel hub is clamped into the annular grooves of the clamping wheels, the rim on the other side of the wheel hub is clamped by the clamping mechanism during material loading and transferring, the bow-shaped clamping hands are respectively supported by one supporting arm in a mounting manner, the top end of each supporting arm is restrained by a sliding guide mechanism arranged on the support mounting plate to slide relatively in a straight line, the two ends of the central connecting rod are respectively hinged with one end of one clamping connecting rod, the other end of each clamping connecting rod is connected with the supporting arm, the middle part of the central connecting rod is supported and mounted by a rotating piece to rotate by taking a rotating piece as a pivot, the cylinder body of the clamping cylinder is relatively fixed with the support mounting plate, the piston is connected with the supporting arm, one supporting arm is driven to move through the clamping cylinder, and the other supporting arm is driven to move through the pulling of the clamping connecting rod and the rotating conduction of the central connecting rod, so that the bow-shaped clamping hands are driven to move oppositely or reversely move.
The transverse moving mechanism comprises a sliding plate, a sliding plate driving cylinder for driving the sliding plate to slide and a guide mechanism for supporting and restraining the linear sliding of the sliding plate, and the guide mechanism is arranged at the top end of the support.
The rotary mechanism comprises a manipulator mounting bracket, a rotary plate, a rotary shaft and a driving air cylinder, wherein the rotary shaft is supported and mounted on the manipulator mounting bracket through a bearing and a bearing seat, the manipulator mounting bracket is fixedly mounted on a sliding plate of the traversing mechanism, the rotary plate is fixedly connected with the rotary shaft and is supported and rotated by the rotary shaft, a piston of the driving air cylinder is hinged with the rotary plate, a supporting mounting plate of the manipulator is fixedly connected with the rotary plate, a cylinder body of the driving air cylinder is hinged with the sliding plate, the driving air cylinder is stretched and contracted through the piston of the driving air cylinder, and a supporting arm of the driving rotary plate belt and the supporting mounting plate rotate by taking the rotary shaft as a center to drive the manipulator to swing for 90 degrees, so that the wheel hub is indexed from a low position of a workpiece grabbing position to a high position of a workpiece clamping position.
The lifting driving mechanism is a lifting driving cylinder, the lifting moving mechanism comprises a lifting mechanism mounting plate and a reducing mechanism mounting plate, the lifting mechanism mounting plate is fixed on the cross beam, and the reducing mechanism mounting plate and the lifting mechanism mounting plate are restrained and supported by the guide rail and the sliding block.
The cutting and drilling machine further comprises two processing protection mechanisms corresponding to the second station and the third station, the processing protection mechanisms comprise a lower baffle, a protective cover lifting driving cylinder and a protective cover lifting guide mechanism, the protective cover comprises a baffle plate, a top plate, an upper front baffle and an upper rear baffle which are connected to form a box-type inner cavity side, the upper rear baffle is provided with a notch corresponding to the clamping mechanism, the protective cover lifting guide mechanism is arranged on the supporting gantry, the protective cover is connected with the protective cover lifting driving cylinder and the protective cover lifting guide mechanism, the constrained guiding lifting is realized, the lower baffle is arranged on a stand column of the supporting gantry and corresponds to the upper front baffle of the protective cover, the protective cover is lowered and combined with the lower baffle to form an integrated protection mechanism during processing, a space for a cutter bar for installing a cutter is reserved between the protective cover and the lower baffle plate, a workpiece is placed in the inner cavity of the protective cover, cut dead heads and cut metal scraps formed by cutting can only fall down to a collecting port on a lathe bed under the constraint of the protective cover, and fall into a chip removing machine.
The workpiece conveying device comprises a frame, a horizontal conveying mechanism, a lifting mechanism and a limiting mechanism, wherein the horizontal conveying mechanism comprises rollers, a chain loop, chain wheels and a motor, two ends of each roller are supported and installed at the top of the frame by bearings and bearing seats, two sides of the top of the frame are respectively provided with a plurality of rollers with the same axial direction to form roller rows, gaps are reserved between two adjacent rollers, a distance is reserved between the roller rows on two sides, one end of each roller is provided with the chain wheel, the chain wheels are installed on a rotating shaft of the motor, all the chain wheels are meshed with the chain loop, the motor drives the rollers to rotate through the chain loop, hubs are placed on the rollers, and the rollers are driven to horizontally and horizontally convey through the rotation of the rollers; the limiting mechanism is arranged at one end part of the frame; the lifting mechanism is adjacent to the limiting mechanism and comprises a lifting supporting plate, a lifting cylinder and a lifting guide mechanism, the lifting supporting plate is driven to lift by the lifting cylinder and is guided by the lifting guide mechanism in a limiting mode, the lifting supporting plate is located between two roller rows and is provided with a supporting portion embedded in a gap between the rollers, and the position of the lifting supporting plate corresponds to the position of the manipulator. The wheel hub blank to be processed is placed on the roller row in an axial vertical state by an operator, the wheel hub is transversely translated to the end part of the workpiece conveying device under the driving of the rotation of the roller, the wheel hub is limited by the limiting mechanism to stop transversely moving, the wheel hub blank is just positioned on the lifting supporting plate, the lifting supporting plate is driven by the lifting cylinder to rise to a manipulator grabbing position, and the manipulator grabs and clamps the wheel hub blank. The manipulator grabs the wheel hub blank and swings back for 90 degrees, and the transverse moving mechanism moves towards the clamping mechanism with the manipulator while swinging, so that the wheel hub blank axially changes into a clamping mechanism which is in the same direction with the workpiece spindle from vertical direction and then is aligned with the first station, the clamping mechanism clamps the wheel hub blank, and the workpiece is in cross connection and feeding; the method comprises the steps that at a fourth station, a machined hub is dismounted from a clamping mechanism at a high position of a clamping position by a manipulator, the manipulator swings 90 degrees to a grabbing position corresponding to a workpiece conveying device of an automatic blanking device in a traversing process, a lifting supporting plate supports the hub dismounted from the manipulator, and the lifting supporting plate descends to enable the hub to be placed on a roller row for translational output; then the platform of swivel work head mechanism rotates 90 degrees, carries the wheel hub blank to the second station and carries out the excision of central shaft hole dead head, and the empty clamping mechanism of fourth station removes first station material loading, and the wheel hub blank that the second station had resected the central shaft hole dead head is carried the third station and carries out central shaft hole drilling and rim dead head excision, so circulation, four stations simultaneous working, raise the efficiency.
The clamping mechanism comprises a chuck, at least three clamping jaws and clamping cylinders corresponding to the clamping jaws one by one, the chuck is fixedly arranged on the workpiece spindle, the clamping jaws are distributed along the circumferential direction and are supported and installed through clamping jaw supporting guide rails arranged on the chuck, and the clamping jaws are connected with the clamping cylinders through connecting blocks and driven by the clamping cylinders to slide on the guide rails so as to clamp and loosen the workpiece.
The clamping jaw support guide rail is arranged on the front face of the chuck, the clamping cylinder is arranged on the back face of the chuck, a long slot hole is formed in the chuck, and the connecting block is arranged in the long slot hole in a penetrating mode.
The lathe bed is provided with a motor installation cavity, and the indexing driving motor is supported and installed in the motor installation cavity through an installation plate.
The transmission mechanism connecting the force input shaft of the cam indexer and the indexing driving motor is a belt transmission mechanism.
The outer edge of the chuck is sleeved with a cylindrical chuck protective cover.
The machine body is provided with a cam indexer protective cover, and the cam indexer protective cover and the top surface of the machine body wrap the cam indexer and the belt transmission mechanism.
The invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: the automatic feeding device, the device for cutting and processing the riser of the central shaft hole, the device for drilling and processing the riser of the central shaft hole, the device for cutting and processing the riser of the rim and the automatic discharging device are sequentially arranged at intervals of 90 degrees along the circumferential direction and are matched with the four workpiece clamping devices to form four stations, one machine tool can process a plurality of procedures of cutting and drilling and automatic feeding and discharging, full-automatic processing is realized, the processing efficiency is improved, and the equipment input cost and the labor intensity of workers are reduced; the automatic feeding device and the automatic discharging device which are combined by roller type translation and 90 degrees of swinging and rotating of the manipulator are used, the manipulator uses the arc-shaped clamp with the grooved wheel, the workpiece is stably conveyed, and the equipment stability is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a top view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a chuck mechanism of the workpiece clamping device of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a structural view of a rotary table mechanism of the workpiece clamping device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a structural view of the workpiece rotation driving device and the machining prevention mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a side view of the workpiece rotation drive and the process guard mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a structural view of the robot apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a side view of the robot apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a bottom view of the robot apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a structural view of the power head apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a top view of the workpiece transport apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a side view of the workpiece transport apparatus of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings, and the examples described are merely illustrative and explanatory of the invention, and are not intended to be limiting of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 11, the invention comprises a cutting and drilling machine, an automatic feeding device 6 and an automatic discharging device 7; the cutting and drilling machine comprises a lathe bed 2, a workpiece clamping device 5, two workpiece rotation driving devices 3, two processing protection mechanisms 4 and four power head devices 8.
The workpiece clamping device 5 comprises a rotary workbench mechanism and four chuck mechanisms; the rotary workbench mechanism comprises a table plate, a cam indexer 55 and an indexing driving motor, the lathe bed is provided with a motor installation cavity, the indexing driving motor is supported and installed in the motor installation cavity through an installation plate, the cam indexer is fixedly installed on the top surface of the lathe bed, a force input shaft of the cam indexer is in transmission connection with a rotating shaft of the indexing driving motor through a belt transmission mechanism, and a force output shaft fixedly installed on the cam indexer is driven by the cam indexer to rotate and index; the machine body is provided with a cam indexer shield 56, and the cam indexer shield and the top surface of the machine body enclose the cam indexer and the belt drive mechanism. The chuck mechanism comprises a clamping mechanism, a workpiece spindle 54 and spindle supports 53, the four spindle supports 53 are arranged on the table plate along the circumference direction at equal angles, the workpiece spindle 54 is arranged on the spindle supports through a bearing support, and the clamping mechanism is arranged at the outward front end of the workpiece spindle. The clamping mechanism comprises a chuck 51, three clamping jaws 52 and clamping cylinders corresponding to the clamping jaws one by one, the chuck is fixedly arranged on a workpiece spindle, the clamping jaws are distributed along the circumferential direction and are supported and installed through clamping jaw supporting guide rails installed on the chuck, the clamping jaw supporting guide rails are installed on the front face of the chuck, the clamping cylinders are installed on the back face of the chuck, long slot holes are formed in the chuck, and the clamping jaws are connected with the clamping cylinders through connecting blocks penetrating into the long slot holes and driven by the clamping cylinders to slide on the guide rails so as to clamp and loosen the workpiece. The outer edge of the chuck is sleeved with a cylindrical chuck protective cover.
The automatic feeding device, the power head device and the automatic discharging device are distributed in sequence around the workpiece clamping device, a first station, a second station, a third station and a fourth station are formed in sequence at intervals of 90 degrees in the clockwise direction, the second station corresponds to the power head device for completing the cutting of the riser of the central shaft hole, and the third station corresponds to the power head device for completing the drilling of the central shaft hole and two power head devices for completing the cutting of the riser of the rim; each power head device is supported and mounted on the lathe bed through a carriage feeding mechanism, each power head device comprises a cutter main shaft and a cutter driving motor 81, the cutter main shaft is supported and mounted on the carriage of the carriage feeding mechanism through a bearing and a main shaft box 83, the axial direction of the cutter main shaft is in the same direction with the axial direction of the corresponding workpiece main shaft, and the cutter driving motor is fixed relative to the carriage and is in transmission connection with the cutter main shaft through a transmission mechanism 82 so as to drive the cutter main shaft to rotate. The three power head devices of the third station are distributed in a straight line in the vertical direction of the axis of the cutter spindle, and the power head device for drilling the central shaft hole is positioned between the two power head devices for cutting off the riser of the rim. The carriage feeding mechanism for supporting and installing the power head device for cutting off the riser of the central shaft hole and the riser of the rim comprises a longitudinal guide rail, a longitudinal carriage constrained to slide by the longitudinal guide rail, a transverse guide rail arranged on the longitudinal carriage, a transverse carriage constrained to slide by the transverse guide rail, a transverse driving mechanism for driving the transverse carriage to slide and a longitudinal driving mechanism for driving the longitudinal carriage to slide, wherein the axial direction of the longitudinal guide rail is in the same direction as the axial direction of a cutter spindle, the axial directions of the transverse guide rail and the longitudinal guide rail are mutually perpendicular, and the power head device is arranged on the transverse carriage. During riser cutting, saw blades are respectively arranged on cutter spindles for cutting the riser of the central shaft hole and cutting the riser of the rim, and the diameter of the saw blade for cutting the riser of the central shaft hole is smaller than that of the saw blade for cutting the riser of the rim. After the longitudinal carriage is rapidly fed and slides to a longitudinal processing position, the transverse carriage is rapidly fed for cutting processing, and the transverse carriage is respectively reset after the cutting processing is completed. The carriage feeding mechanism for supporting and installing the power head device for drilling the central shaft hole comprises a longitudinal guide rail, a longitudinal carriage restrained by the longitudinal guide rail to slide and a longitudinal driving mechanism for driving the longitudinal carriage to slide, and the power head device of the central shaft hole drilling station is installed on the longitudinal carriage. The longitudinal driving mechanism and the transverse driving mechanism comprise a screw rod, screw rod nuts and driving motors, the screw rod is supported and installed by bearings and bearing seats, a rotating shaft of each driving motor is connected with the screw rod, and the screw rod nuts are connected with corresponding longitudinal plankers or transverse plankers.
The second station and the third station are respectively and correspondingly provided with a workpiece rotation driving device 3, each workpiece rotation driving device comprises a supporting gantry, a servo motor 38, a speed reducing mechanism 39, a lifting moving mechanism, a lifting driving cylinder 34 serving as the lifting driving mechanism and a pair of straight gears capable of being meshed with each other, the supporting gantry mainly comprises two upright posts 36 and a cross beam 35 arranged at the top ends of the upright posts, a cantilever mounting part is arranged on the cross beam, the lifting moving mechanism comprises a lifting mechanism mounting plate 37 and a speed reducing mechanism mounting plate 33, the lifting mechanism mounting plate 37 is fixed on the mounting part of the cross beam, and the speed reducing mechanism mounting plate 33 and the lifting mechanism mounting plate 37 are restrained and supported by a guide rail and a sliding block. The cylinder body of the lifting driving cylinder 34 is supported and fixed on a lifting mechanism mounting plate 37 through a mounting frame, the piston is connected with a reducing mechanism mounting plate 33, a reducing mechanism is mounted on the reducing mechanism mounting plate, a servo motor 38 is connected with an input shaft of a reducing mechanism 39, a spur gear is mounted on an output shaft of the reducing mechanism as a driving gear 32, and a spur gear is mounted at the tail end of a workpiece spindle as a driven gear 31.
The automatic feeding device and the automatic discharging device both comprise a manipulator device and a workpiece conveying device; the manipulator device comprises a manipulator 63, a support 64, a traversing mechanism 61 and a rotating mechanism 62 for supporting and driving the manipulator to swing 90 degrees, wherein the support 64 is arranged on one side of the lathe bed corresponding to the first station and the fourth station, the traversing mechanism 61 comprises a slide plate 612, a slide plate driving cylinder 611 for driving the slide plate to slide and a guide mechanism for supporting and restraining the slide plate to slide linearly, and the guide mechanism is arranged at the top end of the support. The rotating mechanism 62 comprises a manipulator mounting bracket 623, a rotating plate 622, a rotating shaft and a driving air cylinder 621, wherein the rotating shaft is supported and mounted on the manipulator mounting bracket through a bearing and a bearing seat, the manipulator mounting bracket is fixedly mounted on a sliding plate 612 of the traversing mechanism, the rotating plate 622 is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft through a shaft seat and is supported and rotated by the rotating shaft, a piston of the driving air cylinder 621 is hinged with the rotating plate 622, and a cylinder body of the driving air cylinder is hinged with the sliding plate. The manipulator 63 includes a support mounting plate 631, two clamping links 636, two arcuate clamping hands 634, a clamping cylinder 635 and a central link 637, two ends of the arcuate clamping hands 634 are respectively provided with a clamping wheel 633 with an annular groove on the outer peripheral surface through shaft supports, each arcuate clamping hand 634 is supported by a support arm 632, the top end of each support arm 632 is restrained to linearly slide relatively by a sliding guide mechanism arranged on the support mounting plate 631, two ends of the central link 637 are respectively hinged with one end of one clamping link 636, the other end of the clamping link is connected with the support arm 632, the middle part of the central link is supported and mounted by a rotating piece 638 and can rotate by taking the rotating piece 638 as a fulcrum, the cylinder body of the clamping cylinder 635 is relatively fixed with the support mounting plate, the piston is connected with the support arm, one support arm is driven to move through the clamping cylinder, and the other support arm is driven to move through traction of the clamping links and rotation conduction of the central link, so that the arcuate clamping hands are driven to move oppositely or reversely, and the clamping and releasing of the hub are realized. The support mounting plate 631 of manipulator and rotor plate 622 fixed connection through the flexible of drive cylinder 621 piston, drives the rotor plate area and supports the mounting plate and take the pivot to rotate as the center, drives the support arm pendulum of manipulator to change 90 degrees, realizes the low level transposition of wheel hub from work piece grabbing position to the high level of work piece clamping position. The transverse moving mechanism drives the manipulator to transversely move from a workpiece grabbing position corresponding to the workpiece conveying device to a workpiece clamping position.
The second station and the third station respectively correspond to a processing protection mechanism 4, the processing protection mechanism 4 comprises a lower baffle 43, a protective cover 42, a protective cover lifting driving cylinder 41 and a protective cover lifting guide mechanism, the protective cover comprises a baffle plate, a top plate, an upper front baffle plate and an upper rear baffle plate which are connected to form a box-type inner cavity side, the upper rear baffle plate is provided with a notch corresponding to the clamping mechanism, the protective cover lifting guide mechanism comprises a guide rail and a slide block which are matched with each other, the guide rail is arranged on a stand column of the supporting gantry, the protective cover is connected with the slide block, the top of the protective cover is connected with the protective cover lifting driving cylinder, the lifting of constraint guiding is realized, the lower baffle plate is arranged on the stand column of the supporting gantry and corresponds to the upper front baffle plate of the protective cover, a space for the cutter bar of a cutter to move is reserved between the protective cover and the lower baffle plate, and a workpiece is placed in the inner cavity of the protective cover during processing.
The workpiece conveying device 7 comprises a frame 71, a flat conveying mechanism, a lifting mechanism, a sensing mechanism 74 and a limiting mechanism 75, wherein the frame can be formed by connecting multiple sections in an end-to-end mode, the sensing mechanism 74 is arranged at the end-to-end of each section of frame, the flat conveying mechanism comprises rollers 72, chain loops 78, chain wheels and a motor 77, each section of frame corresponds to one chain loop and one motor, the flat conveying mechanism on each section of frame can be controlled independently, the two ends of each roller are supported and installed at the top of the frame by bearings and bearing seats, the two sides of the top of the frame are respectively provided with a plurality of rollers with the same axial direction along the transverse direction to form roller rows, gaps are reserved between every two adjacent rollers, a distance is reserved between the roller rows on the two sides, one end of each roller is provided with a chain wheel, a chain wheel is installed on a rotating shaft of the motor, all the chain wheels are meshed with the chain loops, the hubs are placed on the rollers, and the rollers are driven by the rotation of the hubs to be horizontally conveyed in a flat mode through the rotation of the rollers. The limiting mechanism is a limiting column and is arranged at the tail end part of the last section of frame; the induction mechanism is arranged on the frame and is adjacent to the roller rows, the lifting mechanism is adjacent to the limiting mechanism, the induction mechanism comprises a lifting supporting plate 73, a lifting air cylinder 76 and a lifting guide mechanism 79, the lifting supporting plate is driven to lift by the lifting air cylinder and is guided by the lifting guide mechanism in a limiting manner, the lifting supporting plate is arranged between the two roller rows and is provided with a bearing part embedded in a gap between the rollers, the position of the lifting supporting plate corresponds to the position of the manipulator, and the lifting guide mechanism is a combination of a matched guide rod and a guide sleeve.
The wheel hub blank to be processed is placed on the roller row in an axial vertical state by an operator, the wheel hub is transversely translated to the end part of the workpiece conveying device under the driving of the rotation of the roller, the wheel hub is limited by the limiting mechanism to stop transversely moving, the wheel hub blank is just positioned on the lifting supporting plate, the sensing mechanism senses the wheel hub blank and sends a signal to the control mechanism, the control mechanism controls the lifting cylinder piston to extend out, the lifting supporting plate is driven by the lifting cylinder to rise to the grabbing position of the manipulator, and the manipulator grabs and clamps the wheel hub blank. The manipulator grabs the wheel hub blank and swings back for 90 degrees, and the transverse moving mechanism moves towards the clamping mechanism with the manipulator while swinging, so that the wheel hub blank axially changes into a clamping mechanism which is in the same direction with the workpiece spindle from vertical direction and then is aligned with the first station, the clamping mechanism clamps the wheel hub blank, and the workpiece is in cross connection and feeding; the method comprises the steps that at a fourth station, a machined hub is dismounted from a clamping mechanism at a high position of a clamping position by a manipulator, the manipulator swings 90 degrees to a grabbing position corresponding to a workpiece conveying device of an automatic blanking device in a traversing process, a lifting supporting plate supports the hub dismounted from the manipulator, and the lifting supporting plate descends to enable the hub to be placed on a roller row for translational output; then the platform disc of the rotary workbench mechanism rotates for 90 degrees, the hub blank is conveyed to the second station to cut off the central shaft hole riser, the empty clamping mechanism of the fourth station moves to the first station for feeding, the hub blank with the central shaft hole riser cut off by the second station is conveyed to the third station to drill the central shaft hole and cut off the rim riser, and the four stations work simultaneously in such a cycle.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a full-automatic cutting of aluminium wheel hub bores all-in-one which characterized in that: the full-automatic cutting and drilling integrated machine comprises a cutting and drilling machine, an automatic feeding device and an automatic discharging device; the cutting and drilling machine comprises a lathe bed, a workpiece clamping device, two workpiece rotation driving devices and at least three power head devices;
the workpiece clamping device comprises a rotary workbench mechanism and four chuck mechanisms; the rotary workbench mechanism comprises a table disc, a cam indexer and an indexing driving motor, wherein the cam indexer and the indexing driving motor are fixedly arranged on the lathe bed, a force input shaft of the cam indexer is in transmission connection with a rotating shaft of the indexing driving motor through a transmission mechanism, and a force output shaft of the table disc fixedly arranged on the cam indexer is driven by the cam indexer to rotate and index;
each chuck mechanism comprises a clamping mechanism, a workpiece main shaft and main shaft supports, the four main shaft supports are arranged on the table plate along the circumferential direction at equal angles, the workpiece main shaft is arranged on the main shaft supports through bearing supports, and the clamping mechanism is arranged at the outward front end of the workpiece main shaft;
the automatic feeding device, the power head device and the automatic discharging device are sequentially distributed around the workpiece clamping device, a first station, a second station, a third station and a fourth station are sequentially formed at intervals of 90 degrees in the clockwise direction, the second station corresponds to the power head device for completing the cutting of the riser of the central shaft hole, the third station corresponds to the power head device for drilling the central shaft hole and at least one power head device for cutting the riser of the rim, and the drilling of the central shaft hole and the cutting of the riser of the rim can be simultaneously carried out; each power head device is supported and mounted on the lathe bed through a carriage feeding mechanism, each power head device comprises a cutter main shaft and a cutter driving motor, the cutter main shaft is supported and mounted on a carriage of the carriage feeding mechanism through a bearing and a main shaft box, the axial direction of the cutter main shaft is in the same direction with the axial direction of the corresponding workpiece main shaft, and the cutter driving motor is fixed relative to the carriage and is in transmission connection with the cutter main shaft through a transmission mechanism to drive the cutter main shaft to rotate; the power head devices on the third station are distributed in a straight line in the vertical direction of the axis of the cutter spindle;
the second station and the third station are respectively and correspondingly provided with a workpiece rotation driving device, each workpiece rotation driving device comprises a supporting gantry, a servo motor, a speed reducing mechanism, a lifting moving mechanism, a lifting driving mechanism and a pair of gears which can be meshed with each other, the supporting gantry mainly consists of two upright posts and a cross beam arranged at the top ends of the upright posts, the lifting driving mechanism and the lifting moving mechanism are mutually connected and supported and arranged by the cross beam, the speed reducing mechanism is arranged on the lifting moving mechanism, the servo motor is connected with an input shaft of the speed reducing mechanism, and an output shaft of the speed reducing mechanism and the tail end of a workpiece main shaft are respectively provided with one gear;
the automatic feeding device and the automatic discharging device both comprise a manipulator device and a workpiece conveying device; the manipulator device comprises a manipulator, a support, a traversing mechanism and a rotating mechanism for supporting and driving the manipulator to swing 90 degrees, wherein the support is arranged on one side of the lathe bed corresponding to the first station and the fourth station, the traversing mechanism is arranged at the top end of the support, the manipulator is supported and arranged on the traversing mechanism through the rotating mechanism, and the traversing mechanism drives the manipulator to transversely shift from a workpiece grabbing position corresponding to the workpiece conveying device to a workpiece clamping position; the manipulator comprises a support mounting plate, a clamping cylinder, two clamping connecting rods, two arched clamping hands and a central connecting rod, wherein clamping wheels with annular grooves are respectively arranged on the outer peripheral surfaces of the two ends of the arched clamping hands through shaft supports, when the wheel hub is clamped, the rim on one side of the wheel hub is clamped into the annular grooves of the clamping wheels, the rim on the other side of the wheel hub is clamped by the clamping mechanism during feeding and handover, the arched clamping hands are respectively supported by a supporting arm in a mounting way, the top end of each supporting arm is restrained by a sliding guide mechanism arranged on the support mounting plate to slide relatively in a straight line, the two ends of the central connecting rod are respectively hinged with one end of one clamping connecting rod, the other end of the clamping connecting rod is connected with the supporting arm, the middle part of the central connecting rod is supported and installed by a rotating piece to rotate by taking a rotating piece as a pivot, the cylinder body of the clamping cylinder is relatively fixed with the support mounting plate, and the piston is connected with the supporting arm; the transverse moving mechanism comprises a sliding plate, a sliding plate driving cylinder for driving the sliding plate to slide and a guide mechanism for supporting and restraining the linear sliding of the sliding plate, and the guide mechanism is arranged at the top end of the support; the rotating mechanism comprises a manipulator mounting bracket, a rotating plate, a rotating shaft and a driving air cylinder, wherein the rotating shaft is supported and mounted on the manipulator mounting bracket through a bearing and a bearing seat, the manipulator mounting bracket is fixedly mounted on a sliding plate of the traversing mechanism, the rotating plate is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft and supported and rotated by the rotating shaft, a piston of the driving air cylinder is hinged with the rotating plate, a supporting mounting plate of the manipulator is fixedly connected with the rotating plate, and a cylinder body of the driving air cylinder is hinged with the sliding plate;
the workpiece conveying device comprises a frame, a horizontal conveying mechanism, a lifting mechanism and a limiting mechanism, wherein the horizontal conveying mechanism comprises rollers, a chain loop, chain wheels and a motor, two ends of each roller are supported and installed at the top of the frame by bearings and bearing seats, two sides of the top of the frame are respectively provided with a plurality of rollers with the same axial direction to form roller rows, gaps are reserved between two adjacent rollers, a distance is reserved between the roller rows on two sides, one end of each roller is provided with the chain wheel, the chain wheels are installed on a rotating shaft of the motor, all the chain wheels are meshed with the chain loop, the motor drives the rollers to rotate through the chain loop, hubs are placed on the rollers, and the rollers are driven to horizontally and horizontally convey through the rotation of the rollers; the limiting mechanism is arranged at one end part of the frame; the lifting mechanism is adjacent to the limiting mechanism and comprises a lifting supporting plate, a lifting cylinder and a lifting guide mechanism, the lifting supporting plate is driven to lift by the lifting cylinder and is limited and guided by the lifting guide mechanism, the lifting supporting plate is positioned between two roller rows and is provided with a bearing part embedded in a gap between the rollers, and the position of the lifting supporting plate corresponds to the position of the manipulator;
the third station comprises two power head devices for cutting off the riser of the rim and one power head device for drilling the central shaft hole, and the power head device for drilling the central shaft hole is positioned between the two power head devices for cutting off the riser of the rim.
2. The full-automatic aluminum hub cutting and drilling integrated machine according to claim 1, wherein: the carriage feeding mechanism for supporting and installing the power head device for cutting off the riser of the central shaft hole and the riser of the rim comprises a longitudinal guide rail, a longitudinal carriage restrained by the longitudinal guide rail to slide, a transverse guide rail arranged on the longitudinal carriage, a transverse carriage restrained by the transverse guide rail to slide, a transverse driving mechanism for driving the transverse carriage to slide and a longitudinal driving mechanism for driving the longitudinal carriage to slide, the axial direction of the longitudinal guide rail is in the same direction as the axial direction of the cutter spindle, the axial directions of the transverse guide rail and the longitudinal guide rail are mutually perpendicular, and the power head device is arranged on the transverse carriage; the carriage feeding mechanism for supporting and installing the power head device for drilling the central shaft hole comprises a longitudinal guide rail, a longitudinal carriage restrained by the longitudinal guide rail to slide and a longitudinal driving mechanism for driving the longitudinal carriage to slide, and the power head device of the central shaft hole drilling station is installed on the longitudinal carriage.
3. The full-automatic aluminum hub cutting and drilling integrated machine according to claim 2, wherein: the clamping mechanism comprises a chuck, at least three clamping jaws and clamping cylinders corresponding to the clamping jaws one by one, the chuck is fixedly arranged on the workpiece spindle, the clamping jaws are distributed along the circumferential direction and are supported and installed through clamping jaw supporting guide rails arranged on the chuck, and the clamping jaws are connected with the clamping cylinders through connecting blocks and driven by the clamping cylinders to slide on the guide rails so as to clamp and loosen the workpiece.
4. The full-automatic aluminum hub cutting and drilling integrated machine according to claim 3, wherein: the lifting moving mechanism comprises a lifting mechanism mounting plate and a reducing mechanism mounting plate, wherein the lifting mechanism mounting plate is fixed on the cross beam, and the reducing mechanism mounting plate and the lifting mechanism mounting plate are restrained and supported by a guide rail and a sliding block.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910141963.6A CN109702489B (en) | 2019-02-26 | 2019-02-26 | Full-automatic cutting and drilling integrated machine for aluminum wheel hub |
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| CN201910141963.6A CN109702489B (en) | 2019-02-26 | 2019-02-26 | Full-automatic cutting and drilling integrated machine for aluminum wheel hub |
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| CN109702489B true CN109702489B (en) | 2023-11-24 |
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| CN110976956A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-10 | 东台立讯精密电子技术有限公司 | Full-automatic perforating device of cell-phone shell fixed orifices |
| CN112605694A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-04-06 | 万鑫精工(湖南)股份有限公司 | Cutter driving mechanism of numerical control machine tool and numerical control machine tool |
| CN113500399A (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2021-10-15 | 台州学院 | Special wheel hub machining machine |
| CN113732350B (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2023-12-08 | 重庆永生压铸有限责任公司 | Automatic drilling system for aluminum alloy hubs |
| CN115106783B (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2023-09-22 | 江苏苏美达铝业有限公司 | High-efficient quick wheel hub cuts and emits device |
| CN116275512B (en) * | 2023-05-22 | 2023-07-25 | 广东昊胜智能设备有限公司 | Water-cooling laser welding device for cylindrical battery and application method of water-cooling laser welding device |
| CN116787207B (en) * | 2023-08-25 | 2023-11-03 | 山东辰榜数控装备有限公司 | Feeding and discharging clamping assembly of turning and milling composite machine tool |
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