CN112605694A - Cutter driving mechanism of numerical control machine tool and numerical control machine tool - Google Patents
Cutter driving mechanism of numerical control machine tool and numerical control machine tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN112605694A CN112605694A CN202011469377.3A CN202011469377A CN112605694A CN 112605694 A CN112605694 A CN 112605694A CN 202011469377 A CN202011469377 A CN 202011469377A CN 112605694 A CN112605694 A CN 112605694A
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- tool
- chuck
- adjusting device
- direction adjusting
- numerical control
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
- B23Q5/22—Feeding members carrying tools or work
- B23Q5/28—Electric drives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
- B23Q5/22—Feeding members carrying tools or work
- B23Q5/34—Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission
- B23Q5/38—Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission feeding continuously
- B23Q5/40—Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission feeding continuously by feed shaft, e.g. lead screw
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Abstract
In the cutter driving mechanism of the numerical control machine tool, the X-direction adjusting device comprises a first driving motor, a first screw rod and a first sliding seat, wherein the first screw rod is connected with an output shaft of the first driving motor; the Y-direction adjusting device comprises a guide rail, a second sliding seat, a second screw rod and a second driving motor, the guide rail is fixed on the first sliding seat, the second sliding seat is arranged on the guide rail, the second sliding seat is matched with the second screw rod, and the second driving motor drives the second screw rod to rotate; the Z-direction adjusting device comprises a jacking driving cylinder and a fixing plate connected with an output shaft of the driving cylinder, and the jacking driving cylinder is fixed on the second sliding seat; the rotating device comprises a hollow rotating platform and a mounting plate connected with the hollow rotating platform, the hollow rotating platform is mounted on the fixing plate, and the cutter is fixed on the mounting plate. The cutter driving mechanism of the numerical control machine tool can drive the cutter to move in multiple directions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machine manufacturing, in particular to a cutter driving mechanism of a numerical control machine tool and the numerical control machine tool.
Background
The numerical control machine tool is a digital control machine tool for short, and is an automatic machine tool equipped with a program control system, said control system can logically process and decode the program defined by control code or other symbolic instruction, and can use coded digital representation, and can utilize information carrier to input it into numerical control device, and can utilize the numerical control device to give out various control signals to control the action of machine tool so as to automatically machine the part according to the form and size required by drawing. The numerically controlled machine tool generally drives the feeding of the tool by the driving mechanism, but in the related art, the driving mechanism can move only in one direction, so that the tool can be fed and retracted only in one direction.
Therefore, there is a need to provide a tool driving mechanism of a numerical control machine tool and a numerical control machine tool to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention provides a tool driving mechanism of a numerical control machine tool and a numerical control machine tool capable of driving a tool to move in multiple directions.
The invention provides a cutter driving mechanism of a numerical control machine tool, which comprises an X-direction adjusting device, a Y-direction adjusting device, a Z-direction adjusting device and a rotating device, wherein the Y-direction adjusting device is installed on the X-direction adjusting device, the Z-direction adjusting device is installed on the Y-direction adjusting device, the rotating device is installed on the Z-direction adjusting device, the X-direction adjusting device comprises a first driving motor, a first screw rod and a first sliding seat, the first screw rod is connected with an output shaft of the first driving motor, the first sliding seat is installed on the first screw rod, and the first driving motor drives the first screw rod to rotate to drive the first sliding seat to linearly move along the axial direction of the first screw rod; the Y-direction adjusting device comprises a guide rail, a second sliding seat, a second screw rod and a second driving motor, the guide rail is fixed on the first sliding seat, the second sliding seat is arranged on the guide rail, the second sliding seat is matched with the second screw rod, and the second driving motor drives the second screw rod to rotate so as to drive the second sliding seat to linearly slide along the guide rail; the Z-direction adjusting device comprises a jacking driving cylinder and a fixing plate connected with an output shaft of the driving cylinder, and the jacking driving cylinder is fixed on the second sliding seat; the rotating device comprises a hollow rotating platform and a mounting plate connected with the hollow rotating platform, the hollow rotating platform is mounted on the fixing plate, and the cutter is fixed on the mounting plate.
Preferably, the hollow rotating platform comprises a rotating driving cylinder, a fixed base and a rotating disc, the fixed base is fixedly connected with the fixed plate, the rotating disc penetrates through the fixed plate and is exposed on the upper surface of the fixed plate, and the rotating driving cylinder is arranged below the fixed plate.
Preferably, the jacking drives actuating cylinder with rotatory drive actuating cylinder set up in the relative both sides of fixed plate axis, Z direction adjusting device still includes the guide post, the quantity of guide post is a plurality of, and is a plurality of the even distribution of guide post is in the corner position of fixed plate.
Preferably, the cutter comprises a turning tool device and a slotting tool device, the turning tool device is used for turning the workpiece, and the slotting tool device is used for inserting keys on the surface of the workpiece.
Preferably, the turning tool device comprises a turning tool holder, a turning tool handle and a turning tool, the turning tool holder is fixedly connected with the mounting plate, the turning tool handle is fixedly connected with the turning tool holder, and the turning tool is detachably mounted on the turning tool handle; the slotting tool device comprises a slotting tool rest, a slotting tool shank and a slotting tool, the slotting tool rest is fixedly connected with the mounting plate, the slotting tool shank is fixedly connected with the slotting tool shank, and the slotting tool is detachably mounted on the slotting tool shank.
The invention also provides a numerical control machine tool, which comprises a machine tool base, a plurality of fixing components, a cutter and a cutter driving mechanism of the numerical control machine tool, wherein the fixing components are fixedly connected with the machine tool base and used for clamping workpieces, the fixing components are distributed along the central point of the machine tool base in an annular array manner, each fixing component comprises a chuck base, a chuck and a plurality of clamping jaws, a through hole penetrates through the center of the chuck base, the middle position of the chuck is arranged in the through hole, two ends of the chuck are exposed out of the through hole, the chuck is connected with the chuck base through a bearing, the chuck can freely rotate around the central axis of the chuck, the chuck is of a hollow cylindrical structure, the workpiece to be processed is placed in the hollow area of the chuck, two ends of the workpiece are exposed out of the chuck, and the part of the chuck, which is exposed out of the chuck base, is provided with a connecting part, the connecting portion are connected with a driving motor through a belt, the driving motor drives the belt to rotate and drive the chuck to rotate, and the clamping jaws are used for correspondingly clamping the workpiece.
Preferably, the number of the fixed assemblies is four, the rotation angle of the rotating disc is 90 degrees each time, and the orientation of the cutter is aligned with one fixed assembly after each rotation of the rotating disc.
Preferably, the quantity of jack catch is three, three the jack catch is followed the axis of chuck is annular array distribution, the jack catch with the one end that the work piece contacted is the cambered surface.
Compared with the prior art, the cutter driving mechanism of the numerical control machine tool provided by the invention can realize multi-directional adjustment of the cutter through the matching of the X-direction adjusting device, the Y-direction adjusting device, the Z-direction adjusting device and the rotating device, so that the use requirements under various conditions are met; in the numerical control machine tool provided by the invention, two ends of a workpiece are exposed out of the chuck, and the cutter can process the two ends of the workpiece, so that the clamping times of the workpiece are reduced, and the processing precision is improved; meanwhile, the cutter simultaneously comprises a turning tool device and a slotting tool device, so that the use requirements of two processes can be met, a machine tool does not need to be replaced, repeated clamping of a workpiece is avoided, and the machining precision can also be improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive efforts, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a numerically controlled machine tool provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a tool driving mechanism of the numerically controlled machine tool shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of area A shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the securing assembly;
fig. 5 is a reference view illustrating a use state of the numerical control machine tool shown in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the present invention provides a numerical control machine tool 100, which includes a machine tool base 10, a plurality of fixing assemblies 20, a tool driving mechanism 30 and a tool 40.
The machine tool base 10 is used for fixedly mounting other components of the numerical control machine tool 100, and the machine tool base 10 can be directly fixed on the ground or can be fixed on a specific processing station of a production line.
The fixed assemblies 20 are fixedly connected with the machine tool base 10 and used for clamping workpieces 200, and a plurality of the fixed assemblies 20 are distributed along the central point of the machine tool base 10 in an annular array. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the number of the fixing assemblies 20 is four, that is, the central angle of two adjacent fixing assemblies 20 with respect to the central point of the machine tool base 10 is 90 °. It is understood that the number of the fixing members 20 is four, and four workpieces 200 can be clamped.
The fixing assembly 20 includes a chuck base 21, a chuck 22, and a plurality of jaws 23. The center of chuck base 21 runs through and is provided with the through-hole, chuck 22's intermediate position install in the through-hole, both ends dew are located outside the through-hole, chuck 22 with connect through the bearing between the chuck base 21, chuck 22 can be around its self axis free rotation. The chuck 22 is a hollow cylindrical structure, a workpiece 200 to be processed is placed in a hollow area of the chuck 22, during installation, the workpiece 200 is placed from one end of the chuck 22, after installation is completed, two ends of the workpiece 200 are exposed out of the chuck 22 and can be respectively processed at two ends of the workpiece 200, and one-time turning and clamping operation on the workpiece can be omitted.
The part of chuck 22 dew locate outside the chuck base 21 is equipped with connecting portion 221, connecting portion 221 is connected with driving motor 25 through belt 24, driving motor 25 drive belt 24 is rotatory, drives chuck 22 is rotatory.
The plurality of jaws 23 are used for correspondingly clamping the workpiece 200, and the connection manner between the jaws 23 and the chuck 22 may be implemented by conventional technical means in the art, which is not described in detail in this embodiment. Preferably, in the present embodiment, the number of the jaws 23 is three, and three jaws 23 are distributed in an annular array along the central axis of the chuck 22. Further, one end of the clamping jaw 23, which is in contact with the workpiece 200, is an arc surface, and the arc surface has no edge angle, so that the workpiece 200 is prevented from being scratched when the workpiece 200 is clamped.
The cutter driving mechanism 30 is matched with the fixing component 20 and used for correspondingly adjusting the position of the cutter 40, the cutter driving mechanism 30 comprises an X-direction adjusting device 31, a Y-direction adjusting device 32, a Z-direction adjusting device 33 and a rotating device 34, the Y-direction adjusting device 32 is installed on the X-direction adjusting device 31, the Z-direction adjusting device 33 is installed on the Y-direction adjusting device, and the rotating device 34 is installed on the Z-direction adjusting device.
The X-direction adjusting device 31 includes a first driving motor 311, a first lead screw 312 and a first slide seat 313, the first lead screw 312 is connected to an output shaft of the first driving motor 311, the first slide seat 313 is mounted on the first lead screw 312 and is matched with the first lead screw 312 to form a ball screw system, and the first driving motor 311 drives the first lead screw 312 to rotate to drive the first slide seat 313 to move linearly along an axis direction of the first lead screw 312. Specifically, in the present invention, the movement direction of the first carriage 313 is set to the X direction. In the ball screw system, a guide rod 314 for guiding is further disposed, and the guide rod 314 is provided along the X direction.
The Y-direction adjusting device 32 includes a guide rail 321, a second slide 322, a second screw 323, and a second driving motor. The guide rail 321 is fixed on the first slide seat 313, the second slide seat 322 is installed on the guide rail 321, the second slide seat 322 is matched with the second screw rod 323, and the second driving motor drives the second screw rod 323 to rotate to drive the second slide seat 322 to linearly slide along the guide rail 321. Specifically, in the present invention, the moving direction of the second slider 322 is set to be the Y direction, and the Y direction is perpendicular to the X direction.
The Z-direction adjusting device 33 includes a lifting driving cylinder 331 and a fixing plate 332 connected to an output shaft of the lifting driving cylinder 331. The jacking driving cylinder 331 drives the fixing plate 332 to move along the Z direction, which is the height direction of the numerical control machine 100.
The rotating device 34 includes a hollow rotating platform 341 mounted on the fixing plate 332 and a mounting plate 342 connected to the hollow rotating platform 341. The hollow rotary platform 341 includes a rotary driving cylinder 3411, a stationary base 3412, and a rotary disk 3413, wherein the stationary base 3412 is fixedly connected to the stationary plate 332, the rotary disk 3413 is exposed to an upper surface of the stationary plate 332 through the stationary plate 332, and the rotary driving cylinder 3411 is disposed below the stationary plate 332. Specifically, jacking drive actuating cylinder 331 with rotatory drive actuating cylinder 3411 set up in the relative both sides of fixed plate 332 axis can realize the rational utilization in space below fixed plate 332, make jacking drive actuating cylinder 331 with rotatory drive actuating cylinder 3411 arrange compactlyer, simultaneously, in order to avoid jacking drive actuating cylinder 331 jacking the equilibrium of fixed plate 332, Z direction adjusting device 33 still includes guide post 333, the quantity of guide post 333 is a plurality of, and is a plurality of guide post 333 evenly distribute in the corner position of fixed plate 332.
It is understood that, in the tool driving mechanism 30, by driving of the X-direction adjusting device 31, displacement of the tool in the X direction can be achieved; by the driving of the Y-direction adjusting device 32, the displacement of the tool in the Y-direction can be achieved; by the driving of the Z-direction adjusting device 33, the displacement of the tool in the Z-direction can be realized; the direction of the cutter can be changed by driving the optional device 34, so that multidirectional adjustment is realized, and the use requirements under various conditions are met.
The cutter 40 is fixed on the mounting plate 342, and the cutter 40 includes a turning tool device 41 and a slotting tool device 42. The turning tool device 41 is used for turning a workpiece, and the slotting tool device 42 is used for slotting a key on the surface of the workpiece. By arranging the turning tool device 41 and the slotting tool device 42 at the same time, the machining requirements of two different processes can be met, the clamping times of the workpiece are reduced, and the machining precision of the workpiece is improved.
The mounting plate 342 is fixedly connected to the rotating disc 3413, the rotating driving cylinder 3411 drives the rotating disc 3413 to rotate, the mounting plate 342 is driven to rotate, the turning tool device 41 and the slotting tool device 42 are both fixed to the mounting plate 342, and the orientation of the cutting tool 40 can be changed in the rotating process.
In this embodiment, the rotation angle of the rotating disc 3413 is 90 ° each time, so that the orientation of the cutter 40 is aligned with one of the stationary assemblies 20 after each rotation of the rotating disc 3413. Then, the turning tool device 41 and the slotting tool device 42 are moved to the vicinity of the workpiece 200 by the adjustment of the X-direction adjusting device 31 and the Y-direction adjusting device 32, and the workpiece 200 is machined. In other embodiments, the number of the fixed components 20 can be adjusted according to actual needs, and the rotation angle of the rotating disk 3413 at a time can be adjusted correspondingly, the rotation angle of the rotating disk 3413 at a time is 360 °/N, where N is the number of the fixed components 20.
It can be understood that, in this embodiment, four workpieces may be clamped before each machining, and after the clamping is completed, the turning and key slot inserting operations may be performed on two ends of one workpiece respectively by the displacement of the tool driving mechanism 30, without turning around the workpiece; after one workpiece is machined, the orientation of the tool 40 is changed through rotation of the hollow rotating platform 341, then the tool driving mechanism 30 is displaced, turning and key slot inserting operations can be performed on two ends of the other workpiece, and how to repeat the operations for multiple times can be achieved to machine four workpieces.
Compared with the prior art, the cutter driving mechanism of the numerical control machine tool provided by the invention can realize multi-directional adjustment of the cutter through the matching of the X-direction adjusting device, the Y-direction adjusting device, the Z-direction adjusting device and the rotating device, so that the use requirements under various conditions are met; in the numerical control machine tool provided by the invention, two ends of a workpiece are exposed out of the chuck, and the cutter can process the two ends of the workpiece, so that the clamping times of the workpiece are reduced, and the processing precision is improved; meanwhile, the cutter simultaneously comprises a turning tool device and a slotting tool device, so that the use requirements of two processes can be met, a machine tool does not need to be replaced, repeated clamping of a workpiece is avoided, and the machining precision can also be improved.
While the foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The cutter driving mechanism of the numerical control machine tool is characterized by comprising an X-direction adjusting device, a Y-direction adjusting device, a Z-direction adjusting device and a rotating device, wherein the Y-direction adjusting device is installed on the X-direction adjusting device, the Z-direction adjusting device is installed on the Y-direction adjusting device, the rotating device is installed on the Z-direction adjusting device, the X-direction adjusting device comprises a first driving motor, a first lead screw and a first sliding seat, the first lead screw is connected with an output shaft of the first driving motor, the first sliding seat is installed on the first lead screw, and the first driving motor drives the first lead screw to rotate to drive the first sliding seat to linearly move along the axis direction of the first lead screw; the Y-direction adjusting device comprises a guide rail, a second sliding seat, a second screw rod and a second driving motor, the guide rail is fixed on the first sliding seat, the second sliding seat is arranged on the guide rail, the second sliding seat is matched with the second screw rod, and the second driving motor drives the second screw rod to rotate so as to drive the second sliding seat to linearly slide along the guide rail; the Z-direction adjusting device comprises a jacking driving cylinder and a fixing plate connected with an output shaft of the driving cylinder, and the jacking driving cylinder is fixed on the second sliding seat; the rotating device comprises a hollow rotating platform and a mounting plate connected with the hollow rotating platform, the hollow rotating platform is mounted on the fixing plate, and the cutter is fixed on the mounting plate.
2. The tool driving mechanism of a numerical control machine according to claim 1, wherein the hollow rotary platform comprises a rotary driving cylinder, a fixed base and a rotary disk, the fixed base is fixedly connected with the fixed plate, the rotary disk penetrates through the fixed plate and is exposed on the upper surface of the fixed plate, and the rotary driving cylinder is disposed below the fixed plate.
3. The tool driving mechanism of a numerical control machine according to claim 2, wherein the jacking driving cylinder and the rotating driving cylinder are disposed on opposite sides of the central axis of the fixing plate, the Z-direction adjusting device further comprises a plurality of guide posts, and the plurality of guide posts are uniformly distributed at corner positions of the fixing plate.
4. The tool driving mechanism of the numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the tool comprises a turning tool device for turning the workpiece and a slotting tool device for slotting the key on the surface of the workpiece.
5. The tool driving mechanism of the numerical control machine according to claim 4, wherein the turning tool device comprises a turning tool holder, a turning tool handle and a turning tool, the turning tool holder is fixedly connected with the mounting plate, the turning tool handle is fixedly connected with the turning tool holder, and the turning tool is detachably mounted on the turning tool handle; the slotting tool device comprises a slotting tool rest, a slotting tool shank and a slotting tool, the slotting tool rest is fixedly connected with the mounting plate, the slotting tool shank is fixedly connected with the slotting tool shank, and the slotting tool is detachably mounted on the slotting tool shank.
6. A numerical control machine tool, comprising a machine tool base, a plurality of fixing components, a tool and a tool driving mechanism of the numerical control machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the fixing components are fixedly connected with the machine tool base and used for clamping a workpiece, the plurality of fixing components are distributed along the central point of the machine tool base in an annular array, the fixing components comprise a chuck base, a chuck and a plurality of jaws, a through hole is arranged in the center of the chuck base in a penetrating manner, the middle position of the chuck is arranged in the through hole, two ends of the chuck are exposed out of the through hole, the chuck is connected with the chuck base through a bearing, the chuck can freely rotate around the central axis of the chuck, the chuck is of a hollow cylindrical structure, the workpiece to be processed is placed in the hollow area of the chuck, and two ends of the workpiece are exposed out of the chuck, the chuck dew is located the outer part of chuck base is equipped with connecting portion, connecting portion pass through the belt and are connected with driving motor, driving motor drive the belt is rotatory, drives the chuck is rotatory, and is a plurality of the jack catch is used for corresponding the clamp tightly the work piece.
7. The numerical control machine according to claim 6, characterized in that said fixed assemblies are four in number, said rotating disk rotates by 90 ° each time, said cutter is oriented in alignment with one of said fixed assemblies after each rotation of said rotating disk.
8. The numerical control machine tool according to claim 7, characterized in that the number of the jaws is three, the three jaws are distributed in an annular array along the central axis of the chuck, and one end of each jaw, which is in contact with the workpiece, is an arc surface.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011469377.3A CN112605694A (en) | 2020-12-14 | 2020-12-14 | Cutter driving mechanism of numerical control machine tool and numerical control machine tool |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011469377.3A CN112605694A (en) | 2020-12-14 | 2020-12-14 | Cutter driving mechanism of numerical control machine tool and numerical control machine tool |
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Application publication date: 20210406 |