CN109691672A - 一种包封游离虾青素的脂质体及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种包封游离虾青素的脂质体及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种虾青素脂质体制剂及其制备方法,该虾青素脂质体由蛋黄卵磷脂、胆固醇、游离虾青素、与缓冲液制成,其中,蛋黄卵磷脂与胆固醇的质量比为6‑10:1,蛋黄卵磷脂与游离虾青素的质量比为120‑200:1,游离虾青素与缓冲液的固液比为(mg/ml)为1:6‑10。本发明还公开了一种包封游离虾青素的脂质体的制备方法。本发明的包封游离虾青素的脂质体及制备方法,通过采用逆向蒸发法制备游离虾青素脂质体,并采用超声波探头仪进行超声处理,直至为稳定的体系。该方法可显著提高游离虾青素脂质体的稳定性,通过调整脂质成分和缓冲液的比例,以及优化超声工艺等步骤,可以有效的控制脂质体的粒径,提高载药量和包封率。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种脂质体制剂,尤其是一种含有游离虾青素的脂质体制剂,属于保健食品技术领域。
背景技术
脂质体是一种人工膜。在水中磷脂分子亲水头部插入水中,脂质体疏水尾部伸向空气,搅动后形成双层脂分子的球形脂质体,直径25-1000nm不等。脂质体可用于转基因,或制备的药物,利用脂质体可以和细胞膜融合的特点,将药物送入细胞内部。生物学定义:当两性分子如磷脂和鞘脂分散于水相时,分子的疏水尾部倾向于聚集在一起,避开水相,而亲水头部暴露在水相,形成具有双分子层结构的的封闭囊泡,称为脂质体。药剂学定义:脂质体:系指将药物包封于类脂质双分子层内而形成的微型泡囊体。
虾青素(Astaxanthin)为紫色晶体,分子式为C40H5204,相对分子量为596.86,是一种萜烯类不饱和化合物,类属于叶黄素类-β-胡萝卜素家族。天然虾青素具有极强的抗氧化能力,可以有效的清除细胞内的氧自由基,防止组织、细胞、DNA被氧化损伤,被称为“超级维生素E”。同时,虾青素还具有抗衰老、抗肿瘤和预防心脑血管疾病等生理活性,在食品、保健品、药品和化妆品等行业具有重要的应用价值。
虾青素是一种脂溶性成分,在水中的溶解度低,致使其在胃肠道中的吸收率和生物利用度不高。另外,由于虾青素分子具有高度不饱和性,结构中含有较多的不饱和键,在光、酸碱、氧等条件下易发生异构和降解,导致其稳定性较差。现有的虾青素在水中溶解度低以及稳定性差的技术缺陷已成为其在医药领域里应用的技术瓶颈,有待进一步改进。
针对以上虾青素在实际应用当中出现的问题,有必要对游离虾青素进行包埋并制备游离虾青素脂质体,提高它的生物利用度,延长游离虾青素的寿命,有效地保持其活性,可广泛用于食品、保健品和药品中。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种游离虾青素脂质体及其制备方法,以解决虾青素在水中溶解度低及稳定性差的问题。
本发明提供了一种游离虾青素脂质体,由以下成份组成:蛋黄卵磷脂、胆固醇、游离虾青素、缓冲液,其中,蛋黄卵磷脂与胆固醇的质量比为6-10:1,蛋黄卵磷脂与游离虾青素的质量比为120-200:1,游离虾青素与缓冲液的固液比为(mg/ml)为1:6-10。
进一步,所述胆固醇为蛋白胆固醇、血清胆固醇、蛋黄胆固醇或胆囊胆固醇中的任一种。
进一步,所述缓冲液为0.05-0.15%的氯化钠缓冲溶液。
进一步,所述缓冲液为0.5-1.5mg固体氯化钠与100ml单蒸水混合制得。
一种包封游离虾青素的脂质体的制备工艺,采用如下步骤:
1)将蛋黄卵磷脂与胆固醇按质量比6-10:1的比例称量,另将蛋黄卵磷脂与游离虾青素的按质量比为120-200:1的比例称量;
2)将以上称量好的物质溶解在有机溶剂中,其中,固液比(mg/mL)为1:15-25,得溶液A;
3)经水浴超声仪超声处理,使混合液变成澄清的单相,再将混合液置于旋转蒸发仪中减压蒸馏直至形成一层脂质薄膜。
4)向脂质薄膜中加入氯化钠缓冲溶液,溶解脂质薄膜,得溶液B;
5)将溶液B涡旋振荡,直至脂质薄膜完全水解。
6)B液溶解完全后超声处理,放4℃冰箱中保存,即得包封游离虾青素的脂质体。
进一步,步骤2)中所述的有机溶剂为二氯甲烷。
进一步,步骤3)中水浴超声仪在功率60-80Hz的条件下,超声5-15分钟。
进一步,步骤3)中减压蒸发真空度为0.06-0.1Mpa,蒸馏时间为0.5h。
进一步,步骤6)中所述的超声时间为3-5分钟,超声频率为40-60%,超声功率为200-250W。
进一步,虾青素为光敏物质,以上一切操作需在避光下操作,制备好的游离虾青素脂质体也需避光存放。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:游离虾青素脂质体内部为脂质核,外部为水相,增加了虾青素在水中的溶解度,从而提高了脂溶性成分虾青素在胃肠道中的吸收率和生物利用度;同时,虾青素固体脂质纳米粒呈半透明状,乳液平均粒径、Zeta电位、分散指数PDI等指标良好,不易发生异构和降解,具有较好的稳定性;本发明游离虾青素脂质体开拓了脂质体的应用范围,运用脂质体作为载体包埋游离虾青素,其制备工艺简单,设备要求较低,便于推广应用。
具体实施方式
实施例
将80mg蛋黄卵磷脂、20mg胆固醇和0.5mg游离虾青素溶于2ml二氯甲烷中,得A液。然后在水浴超声仪频率为70Hz的条件下超声10min,使混合液变成澄清的单相。在38℃的水浴,0.09Mpa的真空压下,将混合溶液旋转蒸发0.5h直至形成一层脂质薄膜。向脂质薄膜中加入4ml氯化钠缓冲溶液,溶解脂质薄膜,得溶液B;将溶液B涡旋振荡,直至脂质薄膜完全水解。将B液溶解完全后超声处理,超声时间为4分钟,超声频率为50%,超声功率为225W。放4℃冰箱避光保存,即得包封游离虾青素的脂质体。
Claims (9)
1.一种包封游离虾青素的脂质体,其特征在于:包括以下成份:蛋黄卵磷脂、胆固醇、游离虾青素、缓冲液,其中,蛋黄卵磷脂与胆固醇的质量比为6-10:1,蛋黄卵磷脂与游离虾青素的质量比为120-200:1,游离虾青素与缓冲液的固液比为mg/ml为1:6-10。
2.如权利要求1所述的包封游离虾青素的脂质体,其特征在于:所述胆固醇为蛋白胆固醇、血清胆固醇、蛋黄胆固醇或胆囊胆固醇中的任一种。
3.如权利要求1所述的包封游离虾青素的脂质体,其特征在于:所述缓冲液为0.05-0.15%的氯化钠缓冲溶液。
4.如权利要求3所述的包封游离虾青素的脂质体,其特征在于:所述缓冲液为0.5-0.15mg固体氯化钠与100ml单蒸水混合制得。
5.一种包封游离虾青素的脂质体的制备方法,其特征在于:采用如下步骤:
1)将蛋黄卵磷脂与胆固醇按质量比6-10:1的比例称量,另将蛋黄卵磷脂与游离虾青素的按质量比为120-200:1的比例称量;
2)将以上称量好的物质溶解在有机溶剂中,其中,固液比mg/mL为1:15-25,得溶液A;
3)经水浴超声仪超声处理,使混合液变成澄清的单相,再将混合液置于旋转蒸发仪中减压蒸馏直至形成一层脂质薄膜;
4)向脂质薄膜中加入氯化钠缓冲溶液,溶解脂质薄膜,得溶液B;
5)将溶液B涡旋振荡,直至脂质薄膜完全水解;
6)B液溶解完全后超声处理,放4℃冰箱中保存,即得包封游离虾青素的脂质体。
6.如权利要求5所述的包封游离虾青素的脂质体的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤2)中所述的有机溶剂为二氯甲烷。
7.如权利要求5所述的包封游离虾青素的脂质体的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤3)中水浴超声仪在功率60-80Hz的条件下,超声5-15分钟。
8.如权利要求5所述的包封游离虾青素的脂质体的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤3)中减压蒸发真空度为0.06-0.1Mpa,蒸馏时间为0.5h。
9.如权利要求5所述的包封游离虾青素的脂质体的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤6)中所述的超声时间为3-5分钟,超声频率为40-60%,超声功率为200-250W。
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