CN109691279A - A kind of synergy upgrading in lake basins ecological region planting flue-cured tobacco, environment emission reduction fertilizing method - Google Patents
A kind of synergy upgrading in lake basins ecological region planting flue-cured tobacco, environment emission reduction fertilizing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109691279A CN109691279A CN201811652853.8A CN201811652853A CN109691279A CN 109691279 A CN109691279 A CN 109691279A CN 201811652853 A CN201811652853 A CN 201811652853A CN 109691279 A CN109691279 A CN 109691279A
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- nitrogen
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- humic acid
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- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 154
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 87
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxylamine Chemical class ON AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 42
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 11
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 201000002451 Overnutrition Diseases 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020823 overnutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002798 spectrophotometry method Methods 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000007926 Craterellus fallax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007175 Datura inoxia Species 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YUWBVKYVJWNVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P] Chemical compound [N].[P] YUWBVKYVJWNVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930013930 alkaloid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000003797 alkaloid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 description 1
- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000018660 ammonium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011609 ammonium molybdate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004162 soil erosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/45—Tobacco
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of fertilizing method in lake basins ecological region planting flue-cured tobacco, this method includes that the decomposed poultry organic fertilizer of solid is added in the soil of the cigarette pool, transplants tobacco seedlings according still further to conventional transplanting method；Then liquid is imposed twice containing humic acid water-soluble fertilizer, potassium sulfate is administered simultaneously for the second time, then earthing.The method of the present invention is while ensureing that yield of tobacco and the output value improve; tobacco quality is also improved; the method of the present invention solves the prior art great difficult problem that unsolved tobacco planting and lake basins water quality protection bring out the best in each other always; therefore, there is extremely wide application value in the fertilizing method of lake basins ecological region planting flue-cured tobacco.
Description
[technical field]
The invention belongs to tobacco planting technical fields.More particularly it relates to which one kind is in lake basins ecological region planting
The synergy upgrading of flue-cured tobacco, environment emission reduction fertilizing method.
[background technique]
Currently, farmland ecosystem is widely present excessive investment nitrogen and phosphorus element problem, nitrogen in soil is then resulted in
Phosphorus nutrition constituent content is exceeded, and by soil erosion and surface runoff, rain drop erosion effect, by nitrogen and phosphorus element quilt
It is discharged into river nearby or sea area, causes water body that eutrophication problem occurs.
Under specific weather conditions, fertilization type, dosage, mode and time etc. are all farmland nitrogen and phosphorus losses
Important factor in order.Although there is many researchs in the past, result has clearly demonstrated that above-mentioned between Different Crop type, different zones
Fertilizing method is widely different.How according to Different Crop growth characteristic, constructing is suitable for that fertilizing method is still in research and production
Emphasis.For cured tobacco production, flue-cured tobacco be a kind of production matter lay equal stress on, the crop of outstanding heavy amount, though have in the past organic by increasing
Fertilizer with the trial of replacing fertilizer, but or the remaining green when it is due to become yellow and ripe excessive growth of field cigarette strain, tobacco leaf cannot normally fall yellow and mature or tobacco leaf and dry
Roasting to modulate quality decline later, tobacco grower, which takes in, to reduce, it is difficult to ensure Cigarette Industrial Enterprise to the high-quality demand of raw material.It is how real
Existing raw tobacco material output and quality benefit and lake basins water quality protection combine a great problem being still in production.
Based on this, the needs of high-quality in conjunction with cured tobacco production, suitable production and environment emission reduction, the present inventor develops a kind of lake stream
The organic fertilizer reasonably optimizing corresponding fertilization technology of domain cured tobacco production synergy upgrading, environment emission reduction, to realize that flue-cured tobacco fine quality production needs
It will be with environmental protection two-win.
[summary of the invention]
[technical problems to be solved]
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of synergy upgrading, environment emission reductions in lake basins ecological region planting flue-cured tobacco to apply fertilizer
Method.
[technical solution]
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
The present invention relates to a kind of synergy upgradings in lake basins ecological region planting flue-cured tobacco, environment emission reduction fertilizing method.
The step of fertilizing method, is as follows:
A, basal dressing
After cigarette moisture in the soil, cigarette pool preparation are ready, the decomposed poultry organic fertilizer of solid is added in the soil of the cigarette pool, sufficiently
It is uniformly mixed, transplants tobacco seedlings according still further to conventional transplanting method；
B, spraying fertilizer
The 10th~14 day after tobacco seedlings transplanting, is imposed and contained for the first time with circular pattern at away from 5~10cm of cigarette strain basal part of stem
Humic acid water-soluble fertilizer is then imposed in the same way at the 35th~42 day second containing humic acid water-soluble fertilizer, while with ring
Shape mode applies potassium sulfate in a point-like manner, then earthing.
A preferred embodiment of the invention, the available phosphorus content of the lake basins soil are by weight
0.002%%P2O5More than.
According to another preferred method of implementation of the present invention, during entire tobacco planting, it is organic to apply decomposed poultry
Fertilizer and the nitrogen pool containing humic acid water-soluble fertilizer are usual tobacco field application inorganic fertilizer or compound organic and inorganic fertilizer nitrogen pool
90%~98%.
According to another preferred method of implementation of the present invention, the decomposed poultry organic fertilizer of the solid contains by weight
45~55% organic matters, 2.5~3.5%N, 2.5~3.5%P2O5With 7.0~8.0%K2O。
According to another preferred method of implementation of the present invention, the decomposed poultry organic fertilizer of the solid is the decomposed ox of solid
Excrement organic fertilizer.
According to another preferred method of implementation of the present invention, in step, the amount of application of the decomposed poultry organic fertilizer of solid
Be calculated as tobacco planting phase total amount of nitrogen with weight nitroxide 35~45%.
According to another preferred method of implementation of the present invention, described to contain by weight 2.5 containing humic acid water-soluble fertilizer
~4.0% humic acid, 6.0~8.0%N, 5.0~10.0%P2O5With 5.5~7.5%K2O。
According to another preferred method of implementation of the present invention, in stepb, in stepb, contain humic acid water-soluble fertilizer
Amount of application be calculated as the 55~65% of tobacco planting phase total amount of nitrogen with weight nitroxide.
According to another preferred method of implementation of the present invention, in stepb, the amount of application of potassium sulfate be 25~35 kilograms/
Mu.
According to another preferred method of implementation of the present invention, in stepb, it is imposed for the first time containing humic acid water-soluble fertilizer
Amount be calculated as the 30~36% of step B top dressing nitrogen pool with weight nitroxide；Impose the amount containing humic acid water-soluble fertilizer for the second time with nitrogen
Weight is calculated as the 64~70% of step B top dressing nitrogen pool.
The present invention is described in more detail below.
The present invention relates to a kind of synergy upgradings in lake basins ecological region planting flue-cured tobacco, environment emission reduction fertilizing method.
The step of fertilizing method, is as follows:
A, basal dressing
After cigarette moisture in the soil, cigarette pool preparation are ready, the decomposed poultry organic fertilizer of solid is added in the soil of the cigarette pool, sufficiently
It is uniformly mixed, transplants tobacco seedlings according still further to conventional transplanting method；
In the present invention, the lake basins are it should be understood that one kind is female by sedimentary parent materials or alluviation around lake
Soil made of matter development is formed by region.
According to the present invention, the available phosphorus content of the lake basins soil is 0.002%%P by weight2O5More than, this
It is because on the one hand itself containing a certain number of phosphorus, while agricultural in the soil that sedimentary parent materials or alluviation parent material development are formed
Production process can also bring a certain number of phosphorus into.
In the present invention, the cigarette moisture in the soil, cigarette pool preparation mainly include leveling land, according to 110cm~120cm
Line-spacing plays moisture in the soil (ridge), and it is 70-80cm that moisture in the soil height, which is 35cm, moisture in the soil bottom width degree, and moisture surface width is 35-50cm, and is pressed in moisture surface
According to soil pretreatments steps such as spacing in the rows interval 55cm~60cm dig reservoirs, purpose is essentially consisted of first is that providing for cigarette strain growth
Good soil and ventilation and penetrating light, draining environment can ensure certain production second is that guaranteeing that tobacco field has suitable planting density
Amount and the output value.
According to the present invention, during entire tobacco planting, decomposed poultry organic fertilizer is applied and containing humic acid water-soluble fertilizer
The nitrogen pool of (liquid) is the 90%~98% of usual tobacco field application inorganic fertilizer or compound organic and inorganic fertilizer nitrogen pool.
In the present invention, the present invention applies decomposed poultry organic fertilizer and contains the nitrogen pool of humic acid water-soluble fertilizer (liquid)
Slightly below usual tobacco field amount of application, this is because the present invention forms regular optimization according to cigarette strain growth characteristic, tobacco leaf excellent quality
Quantitative proportion when fertilizer application time and its different time are applied.
In the present invention, usual tobacco field application inorganic fertilizer or compound organic and inorganic fertilizer are it should be understood that in usual tobacco field
Used inorganic fertilizer or compound organic and inorganic fertilizer when the existing tobacco seedlings of middle plantation, for example, it is limited by Yunnan cloud phyllody fertilizer share
Inorganic fertilizer that company is sold with trade name cloud leaf is had by the biological group company in Yunnan source day with what trade name agriculture good fortune strong sales was sold
Machine inorganic composite mixed fertilizer.Usual tobacco field application inorganic fertilizer or compound organic and inorganic fertilizer nitrogen pool are 1.5~4kg/ mus.
According to the present invention, the amount of application of the decomposed poultry organic fertilizer of solid is calculated as tobacco planting phase total amount of nitrogen with weight nitroxide
35~45%.If the amount of application of the decomposed poultry organic fertilizer of solid is lower than 35%, can early period subalimentation, and lead to cigarette
Seedling slow growth；If the amount of application of the decomposed poultry organic fertilizer of solid be higher than 45%, can early period overnutrition, be unfavorable for cigarette
Strain early growth and the formation for influencing inherent quality of tobacco leaf；Therefore, the amount of application of the decomposed poultry organic fertilizer of solid is in terms of weight nitroxide
It is appropriate for 35~45%.
The decomposed poultry organic fertilizer of the solid that the present invention uses is, for example, solid decomposed cow dung organic fertilizer, they contain with weight
45~55% organic matter of meter, 2.5~3.5%N, 2.5~3.5%P2O5With 7.0~8.0% K2O.The solid that the present invention uses
Decomposed poultry organic fertilizer is current market sales of product, such as by Yunnan Shun Feng biotechnology Fei Ye development corporation, Ltd.
The decomposed poultry of solid sold with trade name Erhai board, by Yunnan Yunye Fertilizer Co., Ltd. with trade name cloud leaf is organic
Fertilizer.
B, spraying fertilizer
The 10th~14 day after tobacco seedlings transplanting, is imposed and contained for the first time with circular pattern at away from 5~10cm of cigarette strain basal part of stem
Humic acid water-soluble fertilizer (liquid), then imposes in the same way at the 35th~42 day second containing humic acid water-soluble fertilizer (liquid
Body), while potassium sulfate is applied in an annular manner or in a point-like manner, then earthing.
In the present invention, the purpose containing humic acid water-soluble fertilizer (liquid) is imposed in two times is growth according to cigarette strain
It needs to form rule with inherent quality, in due course, appropriately ensures the nutrition supply of cigarette strain.
According to the present invention, the amount containing humic acid water-soluble fertilizer (liquid) is imposed for the first time, and step B top dressing is calculated as with weight nitroxide
The 30~36% of nitrogen pool；Imposing the amount containing humic acid water-soluble fertilizer (liquid) for the second time, with weight nitroxide to be calculated as step B top dressing total
The 64~70% of nitrogen quantity.
According to the present invention, the tobacco planting phase is calculated as with weight nitroxide containing humic acid water-soluble fertilizer (liquid) amount of application and always applies nitrogen
The 55~65% of amount.If containing humic acid water-soluble fertilizer (liquid) amount of application be lower than 55%, can early period base manure it is excessive, cigarette
Seedling overnutrition is unfavorable for cigarette strain early growth and influences the formation of inherent quality of tobacco leaf；If containing humic acid water-soluble fertilizer
The amount of application of (liquid) is higher than 65%, then can early period because of base manure deficiency, and cause tobacco seedling growth slow；Therefore, water containing humic acid
It is reasonable that the amount of application of molten fertilizer (liquid), which is calculated as 55~65% with weight nitroxide,.
The present invention use containing humic acid water-soluble fertilizer (liquid) containing 2.5~4% humic acids by weight, 6.0~
8.0%N, 5.0~10.0%P2O5With 5.5~7.5%K2O.(liquid) containing humic acid water-soluble fertilizer that the present invention uses is mesh
Preceding product available on the market, such as by Yunnan Shun Feng biotechnology Fei Ye development corporation, Ltd. with trade name Erhai board, by big
Reason modern agriculture Science and Technology Ltd. is interpreted a dream (liquid) containing humic acid water-soluble fertilizer of sale with trade name field.
In the present invention, with the purpose that imposes containing humic acid water-soluble fertilizer (liquid) while applying potassium sulfate for the second time
It is the formation for ensureing that cigarette strain has sufficient and suitable potassium nutrition and promotion tobacco leaf excellent quality.
According to the present invention, the amount of application of potassium sulfate is 25~35 kgs/acre.Certainly, those skilled in the art can
It is perhaps high or lower with according to practical condition and needing to carry out appropriate adjustment, this skill for the art
All there is no hell and high waters for art personnel.
The present invention relates to the fertilizing methods of a kind of the synergy upgrading for lake basins cured tobacco production and environment emission reduction, originally
Inventive method using the decomposed poultry organic fertilizer of solid as base manure, containing humic acid water-soluble fertilizer (liquid) be top dressing, nitrogenous fertilizer base manure with chase after
Fertile ratio is reasonable, and while ensureing that yield of tobacco and the output value improve, tobacco quality is also improved, at the same time, the present invention
Method can also effectively reduce production process nitrogen, phosphorus nutrient loss, to significantly reduce the wind of agricultural non-point source pollution water environment
Danger, therefore there is extremely wide application value.
[beneficial effect]
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the method for the present invention using the decomposed poultry organic fertilizer of solid as base manure, contains humic acid water-soluble
Fertilizer (liquid) is top dressing, and nitrogenous fertilizer base manure and proportion of additional fertilizer are reasonable, while ensureing that yield of tobacco and the output value improve, tobacco
Quality is also improved, and at the same time, the method for the present invention can also effectively reduce production process nitrogen, phosphorus nutrient loss, thus obviously
The risk for reducing agricultural non-point source pollution water environment solves the prior art unsolved tobacco planting and lake basins always
The great difficult problem that water quality protection brings out the best in each other, therefore, the synergy upgrading Yu environment emission reduction of ecological region planting flue-cured tobacco in lake basins
Fertilizing method there is extremely wide application value.
[specific embodiment]
It will be better understood that the present invention by following embodiments.
Embodiment 1: base manure organic fertilizer (decomposed cow dung) replacing fertilizer test
The embodiment of the embodiment is as follows:
Two following processing are arranged in the embodiment:
Handle A: common fertilizer handles (control treatment)
Before tobacco seedlings transplanting, what 30kg/ mus of application was sold by Yunnan Yunye Fertilizer Co., Ltd. with trade name cloud leaf
Cured tobacco production special complex fertilizer (12-10-25) base manure (mixing the pool)；30kg potassium sulfate is applied in ridging simultaneously, then in progress
Plough ridging.
Handle B: decomposed cow dung organic fertilizer of the present invention handles (cow dung processing)
After cigarette moisture in the soil, cigarette pool preparation are ready, by 50kg/ mus of " Erhai board " solid decomposed cow dung organic fertilizers (containing with
50% organic matter of poidometer, 3.0%N, 3.0%P2O5With 7.5%K2O) it is added in the soil of the cigarette pool, is sufficiently mixed uniformly, then
Tobacco seedlings are transplanted according to conventional transplanting method；
The 10th day after tobacco seedlings transplanting, is poured for the first time at away from 5~10cm of cigarette strain basal part of stem with circular pattern and apply 10kg/
Mu (liquid) containing humic acid water-soluble fertilizer (7.0-5.0-6.5), then pours in the same way at the 35th day second and applies 20kg/
Mu (liquid) containing humic acid water-soluble fertilizer pours apply 30kg/ mus containing humic acid water-soluble fertilizer altogether, while applying in an annular manner
30kg/ mus of potassium sulfates, then earthing.
According to " 42 grades of flue-cured tobacco standard GB/T 2635-92 " method have detected A, B processing yield of tobacco, the output value and
The better-than-average cigarette ratio of cigarette, testing result are listed in Table 1 below.
Table 1: the yield of tobacco and output value test result of base manure organic fertilizer (decomposed cow dung) replacing fertilizer
According to tobacco business standard YC/T 159-2002 (total reducing sugar, reduced sugar), YC/T 161-2002 (total nitrogen), YC/
T160-2002 (total alkaloid), YC/T162-2002 (chlorine), T274-2008 YC/ (potassium, calcium, magnesium) have detected A, B processing
Tobacco leaf chemical composition, testing result is listed in Table 2 below.
Table 2: the tobacco leaf chemical composition of base manure organic fertilizer (decomposed cow dung) replacing fertilizer analyzes result
Note: weighted mean is (similarly hereinafter) being calculated using subordinating degree function.
According to field runoff, leakage water sample dynamic collection in real time in situ, monitoring calculation water (will pour water each time or
Runoff water, the collection of percolating water whole and the measurement total amount that rainfall generates, and the content of sample detection institute Nitrogen-and Phosphorus-containing), using alkalinity
Alkaline potassium per-sulfate digestion ultraviolet spectrophotometry HJ 636-2012 measures N, ammonium molybdate spectrophotometric method GB 11893-89 and measures P
It has detected A, B two and handles the loss total amount that generates by runoff water, percolating water of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient during tobacco growth, inspection
The results are shown in Table 3 for survey.
Table 3: the nitrogen and phosphorus losses amount testing result of base manure organic fertilizer (decomposed cow dung) replacing fertilizer
Note: total nitrogen and total phosphorus number of dropouts are per hectare nutrient flow vector (similarly hereinafter).
It can be seen from the result that table 1, table 2 and table 3 are listed in terms of tobacco leaf economic characters, with the production of cow dung processing
Amount, the output value are high, reach significance, are higher by 13.9%, 27.58% respectively compared with the control.
In terms of tobacco leaf interior quality, chemical component weighted mean score generally cow dung processing > control treatment；Wait
In the case of nitrogen quantity, the Nitrogen Absorption situation of cow dung processing is preferable, and glucide accumulates more horn of plenty, other routine chemical components
It is not much different, and in optimum range.
In terms of nitrogen, phosphorus nutrient flow vector, total nitrogen and total phosphorus number of dropouts show control treatment > cow dung processing, reach
Significant difference.Wherein, compared with control treatment, the total nitrogen of cow dung processing, total phosphorus number of dropouts reduce 24.03% respectively,
32.04%.
Embodiment 2: the base manure amount of nitrogen test of decomposed cow dung organic fertilizer
The embodiment of the embodiment is as follows:
Three following processing are arranged in the embodiment:
It handles A: handling (nitrogen is waited to handle) with the local decomposed cow dung for recommending amount of nitrogen equal
After cigarette moisture in the soil, cigarette pool preparation are ready, by 50kg/ mus of " Erhai board " solid decomposed cow dung organic fertilizers (containing with
50% organic matter of poidometer, 3.0%N, 3.0%P2O5With 7.5%K2O) it is added in the soil of the cigarette pool, is sufficiently mixed uniformly, then
Tobacco seedlings are transplanted according to conventional transplanting method；
The 10th day after tobacco seedlings transplanting, is poured for the first time at away from 5~10cm of cigarette strain basal part of stem with circular pattern and apply 10kg/
Mu (liquid) containing humic acid water-soluble fertilizer (7.0-5.0-6.5), then pours in the same way at the 35th day second and applies 20kg/
Mu (liquid) containing humic acid water-soluble fertilizer pours apply 30kg/ mus containing humic acid water-soluble fertilizer altogether, while applying in an annular manner
30kg/ mus of potassium sulfates, then earthing.
Processing B: with the local decomposed cow dung processing for recommending base manure amount of nitrogen to reduce 10% (subtracting 10%, nitrogen is handled)
After cigarette moisture in the soil, cigarette pool preparation are ready, by 45kg/ mus of " Erhai board " solid decomposed cow dung organic fertilizers (containing with
50% organic matter of poidometer, 3.0%N, 3.0%P2O5With 7.5%K2O) it is added in the soil of the cigarette pool, is sufficiently mixed uniformly, then
Tobacco seedlings are transplanted according to conventional transplanting method；
The 10th day after tobacco seedlings transplanting, is poured for the first time at away from 5~10cm of cigarette strain basal part of stem with circular pattern and apply 10kg/
Mu (liquid) containing humic acid water-soluble fertilizer (7.0-5.0-6.5), then pours in the same way at the 35th day second and applies 20kg/
Mu (liquid) containing humic acid water-soluble fertilizer pours apply 30kg/ mus of liquid containing humic acid water-soluble fertilizer altogether, while applying in an annular manner
With 30kg/ mus of potassium sulfates, then earthing.
Processing C: with the local decomposed cow dung processing for recommending base manure amount of nitrogen to reduce 20% (subtracting 20%, nitrogen is handled)
After cigarette moisture in the soil, cigarette pool preparation are ready, by 40kg/ mus of " Erhai board " solid decomposed cow dung organic fertilizers (containing with
50% organic matter of poidometer, 3.0%N, 3.0%P2O5With 7.5%K2O) it is added in the soil of the cigarette pool, is sufficiently mixed uniformly, then
Tobacco seedlings are transplanted according to conventional transplanting method；
The 10th day after tobacco seedlings transplanting, is poured for the first time at away from 5~10cm of cigarette strain basal part of stem with circular pattern and apply 10kg/
Mu (liquid) containing humic acid water-soluble fertilizer (7.0-5.0-6.5), then pours in the same way at the 35th day second and applies 20kg/
Mu (liquid) containing humic acid water-soluble fertilizer pours apply 30kg/ mus of liquid containing humic acid water-soluble fertilizer altogether, while applying in an annular manner
With 30kg/ mus of potassium sulfates, then earthing.
The better-than-average cigarette ratio of yield of tobacco, the output value and cigarette, detection are had detected according to the method that embodiment 1 describes
The results are shown in Table 4.
Table 4: the yield of tobacco and output value test result of different base manure amount of nitrogens
Tobacco leaf chemical composition is had detected according to the method that embodiment 1 describes, testing result is listed in table 5.
Table 5: the tobacco leaf chemical composition of different base manure amount of nitrogens analyzes result
Nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient passes through runoff water, infiltration during having detected three processing tobacco growths according to the method that embodiment 1 describes
Leak and the loss total amount generated, testing result are listed in Table 6 below.
Table 6: the nitrogen and phosphorus losses amount testing result of different base manure amount of nitrogens
It can be seen from the result that table 4, table 5 and table 6 are listed in terms of tobacco leaf economic characters, with the nitrogen processing that subtracts 10%
Yield, output value highest, followed by equal nitrogen processing, difference is not significant between two processing；Yield, the output value of the nitrogen that subtracts 20% processing are minimum,
Reach significant difference with other two processing, compared with the nitrogen that subtracts 20% processing, yield, the output value for waiting nitrogen to handle are high respectively
17.63%, 35.45%, compared with the nitrogen that subtracts 20% processing, yield, the output value difference for the nitrogen processing that subtracts 10% be high 18.86%,
36.00%.
In terms of tobacco leaf interior quality, nitrogen is handled the generally equal nitrogen processing of chemical component weighted mean score with subtracting 10%
Similar, the two is opposite to be better than subtracting 20% nitrogen processing.
In terms of nitrogen, phosphorus nutrient flow vector, the number of dropouts of total nitrogen and total phosphorus shows to subtract 20% nitrogen processing > subtract 10%
Nitrogen processing > etc. nitrogen processing, wherein the nitrogen that subtracts 20% processing reaches significant difference with equal nitrogen processing, the nitrogen processing that subtracts 20% it is total
Nitrogen, total phosphorus number of dropouts compared to etc. nitrogen processing reduce 20.35%, 37.50% respectively, and it is the total nitrogen of the nitrogen that subtracts 10% processing, total
The number of dropouts of phosphorus, which is compared, waits nitrogen processing to reduce 10.52,9.64% respectively.
Embodiment 3: decomposed cow dung organic fertilizer amount of nitrogen base top dressing is than test
The embodiment of the embodiment is as follows:
Two following processing are arranged in the embodiment:
Handle A: conventional decomposed cow dung organic fertilizer processing (organic fertilizer control treatment, amount of nitrogen Dressing ratios are 60%:40%)
After cigarette moisture in the soil, cigarette pool preparation are ready, by 90kg/ mus of " Erhai board " solid decomposed cow dung organic fertilizers (containing with
50% organic matter of poidometer, 3.0%N, 3.0%P2O5With 7.5%K2O) it is added in the soil of the cigarette pool, is sufficiently mixed uniformly, then
Tobacco seedlings are transplanted according to conventional transplanting method；
After tobacco seedlings transplanting, is poured at away from 5~10cm of cigarette strain basal part of stem with circular pattern and apply 25kg/ mus of water containing humic acid
Molten fertilizer (liquid) (7.0-5.0-6.5), while 25kg/ mus of potassium sulfates, then earthing are applied in an annular manner.
Handle B: organic fertilizer optimization processing (amount of nitrogen base top dressing ratio is 40%:60%)
After cigarette moisture in the soil, cigarette pool preparation are ready, by 60kg/ mus of " Erhai board " solid decomposed cow dung organic fertilizers (containing with
50% organic matter of poidometer, 3.0%N, 3.0%P2O5With 7.5%K2O) it is added in the soil of the cigarette pool, is sufficiently mixed uniformly, then
Tobacco seedlings are transplanted according to conventional transplanting method；
The 10th day after tobacco seedlings transplanting, is poured and applied for the first time with circular pattern at away from 5~10cm of cigarette strain basal part of stem
12.6kg/ mus of (liquid) containing humic acid water-soluble fertilizer (7.0-5.0-6.5), then pour at the 35th day second in the same way
25.2kg/ mus of (liquid) containing humic acid water-soluble fertilizer are applied, pours apply 37.8kg/ mus of liquid containing humic acid water-soluble fertilizer altogether, while with
Circular pattern applies 25kg/ mus of potassium sulfates, then earthing.
Yield of tobacco and the output value are had detected according to the method that embodiment 1 describes, testing result is listed in table 7.
Table 7: the yield of tobacco and output value test result of different amount of nitrogen base top dressing ratios
Tobacco leaf chemical composition is had detected according to the method that embodiment 1 describes, testing result is listed in table 8.
Table 8: the tobacco leaf chemical composition of different amount of nitrogen base top dressing ratios analyzes result
Nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient passes through runoff water, infiltration during having detected two processing tobacco growths according to the method that embodiment 1 describes
Leak and the loss total amount generated, testing result are listed in Table 9 below.
Table 9: the nitrogen and phosphorus losses total amount testing result of different amount of nitrogen base top dressing ratios
It can be seen from the result that table 7, table 8 and table 9 are listed in terms of tobacco leaf economic characters, with organic fertilizer optimization processing
Yield, output value highest, reach significance, be higher by 8.6%, 26.81% respectively compared with organic fertilizer control treatment.
In terms of tobacco leaf interior quality, chemical component weighted mean score generally organic fertilizer optimization processing > organic fertilizer pair
According to processing；Two processing are compared, and K, N content are slightly higher with organic fertilizer optimization processing, and glucide organic fertilizer control treatment is higher, but
Two sugar differences are slightly above optimum range.Other routine chemical components are not much different, and in optimum range.
In terms of nitrogen, phosphorus nutrient flow vector, the number of dropouts of total nitrogen and total phosphorus shows organic fertilizer control treatment > organic
Fertile optimization processing, reaches significant difference.The total nitrogen of organic fertilizer optimization processing, the number of dropouts of total phosphorus are compared at organic fertilizer control
Reason reduces 14.84%, 24.93% respectively.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of synergy upgrading in lake basins ecological region planting flue-cured tobacco, environment emission reduction fertilizing method, it is characterised in that the fertilising
The step of method, is as follows:
A, basal dressing
After cigarette moisture in the soil, cigarette pool preparation are ready, the decomposed poultry organic fertilizer of solid is added in the soil of the cigarette pool, is sufficiently mixed
It is even, tobacco seedlings are transplanted according still further to conventional transplanting method
B, spraying fertilizer
The 10th~14 day after tobacco seedlings transplanting, is imposed at away from 5~10cm of cigarette strain basal part of stem with circular pattern and planted containing rotten for the first time
Sour water-soluble fertilizer is then imposed in the same way at the 35th~42 day second containing humic acid water-soluble fertilizer, while with annular side
Formula applies potassium sulfate in a point-like manner, then earthing.
2. fertilizing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the available phosphorus content of the lake basins soil be with
Poidometer 0.002%P2O5More than.
3. fertilizing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that during entire tobacco planting, apply decomposed poultry
Organic fertilizer and nitrogen pool containing humic acid water-soluble fertilizer are usual tobacco field application inorganic fertilizer or compound organic and inorganic fertilizer nitrogen pool
90%~98%.
4. fertilizing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the decomposed poultry organic fertilizer of the solid contains with weight
45~55% organic matter of meter, 2.5~3.5%N, 2.5~3.5%P2O5With 7.0~8.0%K2O。
5. fertilizing method according to claim 1 or 4, it is characterised in that in the decomposed poultry organic fertilizer of solid be solid
Body decomposed cow dung organic fertilizer.
6. fertilizing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step, the decomposed poultry organic fertilizer of solid is applied
Dosage is calculated as the 35~45% of tobacco planting phase total amount of nitrogen with weight nitroxide.
7. fertilizing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described contains containing humic acid water-soluble fertilizer with weight
Count 2.5~4.0% humic acids, 6.0~8.0%N, 5.0~10.0%P2O5With 5.5~7.5%K2O。
8. fertilizing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in stepb, the application containing humic acid water-soluble fertilizer
Amount is calculated as the 55~65% of tobacco planting phase total amount of nitrogen with weight nitroxide.
9. fertilizing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in stepb, the amount of application of potassium sulfate is 25~35
Kg/acre.
10. fertilizing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in stepb, imposed for the first time containing humic acid water-soluble
The amount of fertilizer is calculated as the 30~36% of step B top dressing nitrogen pool with weight nitroxide；The amount containing humic acid water-soluble fertilizer is imposed for the second time
Be calculated as step B top dressing nitrogen pool with weight nitroxide 64~70%.
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