CN109678901A - 一种三取代氧膦化合物的合成方法 - Google Patents
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- -1 phosphine oxide compound Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- MPQXHAGKBWFSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidophosphanium Chemical class [PH3]=O MPQXHAGKBWFSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- CSRZQMIRAZTJOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylsilyl iodide Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)I CSRZQMIRAZTJOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Natural products CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- IYYIVELXUANFED-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromo(trimethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)Br IYYIVELXUANFED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- KIAYWZXEAJWSGJ-BQYQJAHWSA-N 1,3,7-trimethyl-8-[(e)-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl]purine-2,6-dione Chemical compound COC1=C(OC)C(OC)=CC(\C=C\C=2N(C=3C(=O)N(C)C(=O)N(C)C=3N=2)C)=C1 KIAYWZXEAJWSGJ-BQYQJAHWSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003107 substituted aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- GCBSCAKBRSMFCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene;methanol Chemical class OC.OC.C1=CC=CC=C1 GCBSCAKBRSMFCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000002152 alkylating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 3
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000001743 benzylic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 84
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 28
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000004679 31P NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 14
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- YFPJFKYCVYXDJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diphenylphosphine oxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1[P+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 YFPJFKYCVYXDJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- IFOOABKNGLKLLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N OP(OC1=CC=CC=C1)(OC1=CC=CC=C1)=O.OP(OC1=CC=CC=C1)(OC1=CC=CC=C1)=O.O Chemical compound OP(OC1=CC=CC=C1)(OC1=CC=CC=C1)=O.OP(OC1=CC=CC=C1)(OC1=CC=CC=C1)=O.O IFOOABKNGLKLLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 235000019445 benzyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NXGAOFONOFYCNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylphosphorylmethylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 NXGAOFONOFYCNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Natural products P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N monobenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- OOCCDEMITAIZTP-QPJJXVBHSA-N (E)-cinnamyl alcohol Chemical compound OC\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 OOCCDEMITAIZTP-QPJJXVBHSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 3
- MFGWMAAZYZSWMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-naphthyl)methanol Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(CO)=CC=C21 MFGWMAAZYZSWMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MSHFRERJPWKJFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Methoxybenzyl alcohol Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(CO)C=C1 MSHFRERJPWKJFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OOCCDEMITAIZTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N allylic benzylic alcohol Natural products OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 OOCCDEMITAIZTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ASUOLLHGALPRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylphosphonoylbenzene Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1P(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ASUOLLHGALPRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003003 phosphines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- PTHGDVCPCZKZKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-chlorophenyl)methanol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 PTHGDVCPCZKZKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DAYNEXDUWXFMQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(diphenylphosphorylmethyl)thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)CC1=CC=CS1 DAYNEXDUWXFMQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKSIVSNKUUISMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-diphenylphosphorylprop-1-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)CC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 OKSIVSNKUUISMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005654 Michaelis-Arbuzov synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMUZQOKACOLCSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl]methanol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1CO XMUZQOKACOLCSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AFCIMSXHQSIHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[P] Chemical compound [O].[P] AFCIMSXHQSIHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YBQHXSYNBYTPNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [P].C1(CCCCC1)OC1CCCCC1 Chemical compound [P].C1(CCCCC1)OC1CCCCC1 YBQHXSYNBYTPNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AKTGKEBIBGSCLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N [ethyl(phenyl)phosphoryl]benzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(=O)(CC)C1=CC=CC=C1 AKTGKEBIBGSCLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007171 acid catalysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001555 benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006664 bond formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- HJPHBJYOODQSLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyclohexyl(oxo)phosphanium Chemical compound C1CCCCC1[P+](=O)C1CCCCC1 HJPHBJYOODQSLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBKPYEHHMDSZBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyclohexylphosphorylmethylbenzene Chemical compound C1CCCCC1P(C1CCCCC1)(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 CBKPYEHHMDSZBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRVDJDISBSALJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyloxidanyl Chemical group [O]C GRVDJDISBSALJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003541 multi-stage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000006053 organic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006462 rearrangement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- DPKBAXPHAYBPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylazanium;iodide Chemical compound [I-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC DPKBAXPHAYBPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZPHGMBGIFODUMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophen-2-ylmethanol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CS1 ZPHGMBGIFODUMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007832 transition metal-catalyzed coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/50—Organo-phosphines
- C07F9/53—Organo-phosphine oxides; Organo-phosphine thioxides
- C07F9/5333—Arylalkane phosphine oxides or thioxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/50—Organo-phosphines
- C07F9/53—Organo-phosphine oxides; Organo-phosphine thioxides
- C07F9/5325—Aromatic phosphine oxides or thioxides (P-C aromatic linkage)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
- C07F9/6553—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having sulfur atoms, with or without selenium or tellurium atoms, as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07F9/655345—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having sulfur atoms, with or without selenium or tellurium atoms, as the only ring hetero atoms the sulfur atom being part of a five-membered ring
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供了一种三取代氧膦化合物的合成方法。该方法使用廉价易得、来源广泛、稳定低毒的一元醇或二元醇为烷基化试剂,使用廉价易得的卤硅烷作为催化剂,经过高选择性反应直接得到三取代氧膦化合物。该反应方法简单,条件温和、无需溶剂、易于操作,反应副产物是水。本方法对反应条件的要求较低,可利用苄基型、烯丙基型和脂肪型醇类为烷基化试剂,可实现目标氧膦化合物的合成,具有较广的适用范围。本方法也可以很方便地放大20倍生产,进行产物的克级制备,因此也应具有一定的研究和工业应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于化学合成领域,具体涉及一种三取代氧膦化合物的合成方法。
背景技术
三取代氧膦化合物可以非常方便的还原为三取代膦化合物,可作为配体广泛地应用于过渡金属催化的偶联反应、不对称催化合成中,并且三取代氧膦或三取代膦化合物也可以直接作为催化剂催化某些有机反应。三取代氧膦结构存在于天然产物和药理活性化合物中。因此,三取代氧膦化合物的合成也引起了有机化学家们的重视。
已有的制备三取代氧膦化合物的方法主要有通过卤代烃和烷氧基膦在高温条件下的阿尔布佐夫来合成,但是反应需采用毒性大、稳定性差的卤代烃作为烷基化试剂,且反应会产生活性高、沸点低的小分子卤代烃为副产物,产生污染。近年来也有过渡金属催化偶联的方法(Org.Biomol.Chem.2012,10,7859;Adv.Synth.Catal.2012,354,2659;J.Org.Chem.2013,78,6599),但是过渡金属催化剂比较昂贵,同时反应中还需添加配体及大量的碱,反应的副产物多、污染大。也有文献报道了分步方法,预先制备烷基氧膦,然后在路易斯酸催化下发生分子内的重排反应来实现三取代氧膦的合成,但是分步反应周期长,需要大量的分离纯化工作,效率低下,而且在此过程会产生大量的副产物,造成原子经济性低和污染。因此这些方法仍是有不少的缺点,亟待改进。
最近,发明人所在课题组研究了四丁基碘化铵催化下醇和烷氧基膦在无溶剂条件下制备三取代氧膦化合物的新方法(Ma X,Xu Q,Li H,et al.Alcohol-based Michaelis–Arbuzov reaction:an efficient and environmentally-benign method for C–P(O)bond formation[J].Green Chemistry,2018,20,3055.)。该方法虽然和传统方法相比具有极大的优势,但是烷氧基膦试剂对水和空气十分敏感,且在反应过程中发现有烷氧基膦自身直接重排的产物生成。
发明内容
本发明要解决的问题在于提供一种方法:使用来源广泛、廉价易得、稳定低毒的一元醇或二元醇为烷基化试剂,在卤硅烷催化条件下,实现二烷基氧磷化合物与一元醇或二元醇进行高选择性反应制备三取代氧膦化合物的绿色方法。
本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种三取代氧膦化合物的合成方法,在有机溶剂中或无溶剂条件下,二烷基氧磷与一元醇或二元醇在卤硅烷催化下直接发生脱水反应得到三取代氧膦化合物,反应温度为50~150℃,反应时间为1~24小时,反应式为:
其中:
R1是各种官能团取代2-、3-、4-、5-或6-位的苯基或其他取代芳基、稠环或杂芳基,或者是各种碳链长度的官能团取代的烷基;
R2是各种直链或支链官能团取代的烷基、苯环等各类取代基;
TMSX为卤硅烷。
进一步地,所述有机溶剂为甲苯。
进一步地,所述二元醇是碳数大于等于2的脂肪二元醇,或者是各种取代的苯二甲醇。
进一步地,所述卤硅烷为三烷基卤硅烷。
进一步地,所述卤硅烷为三甲基溴硅烷或三甲基碘硅烷。
进一步地,所述催化剂的用量为2~100mol%。
进一步地,所述催化剂的用量为5~60mol%。
进一步地,所述反应的温度为80~120℃,反应时间为6~12小时。
进一步地,所述反应在惰性气体或空气保护下进行。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:
1、本方法可使用廉价易得、来源广泛、稳定低毒、绿色的一元醇或二元醇化合物为烷基化试剂,不使用过渡金属催化剂和配体,副产物为水,绿色环保无污染。因此,本方法对反应条件的要求较低、适用范围较广,与已知方法相比优势明显,具有潜在广泛的应用前景。
2、本发明可利用苄基型、烯丙基型和脂肪型等醇类为烷基化试剂,可实现目标氧膦化合物的合成,具有较广的适用范围。本方法也可以很方便地放大20倍生产,进行产物的克级制备,因此也应具有一定的研究和工业应用前景。
3、与烷氧基膦相比,二烷基膦氧试剂对空气和水较为稳定,且不会存在自身重排的副产物。
具体实施方式
以下实施例用于说明本发明,但不用来限定本发明的保护范围。若未特别指明,实施例中所用技术手段为本领域技术人员所熟知的常规手段。
实施例1
二苯基氧膦和苯甲醇制备苄基二苯基氧膦
氮气保护下,向10mL管形反应器中依次加入二苯基氧磷(101.0mg,0.50mmol),苯甲醇(64.8mg,0.60mmol,1.2equiv.)和三甲基氯硅烷(5.4mg,0.05mmol,10mol%),然后在无溶剂条件下加热到80℃反应12h。产物用柱色谱分离提纯,分离收率25%。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.73–7.65(m,4H),7.55–7.38(m,6H),7.21–7.13(m,3H),7.13–7.00(m,2H),3.64(d,J=14.4Hz,2H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ132.29(d,J=98.9Hz),131.91(d,J=2.8Hz),131.19(d,J=9.1Hz),130.24(d,J=5.2Hz),128.61(d,J=11.7Hz),128.48(d,J=2.2Hz),126.87(d,J=2.9Hz),38.17(d,J=66.5Hz).31P NMR(202MHz,CDCl3)δ29.5(s)。
实施例2
二苯基氧膦和苯甲醇制备苄基二苯基氧膦
氮气保护下,向10mL管形反应器中依次加入二苯基氧磷(101.0mg,0.50mmol),苯甲醇(64.8mg,0.60mmol,1.2equiv.)和三甲基溴硅烷(7.7mg,0.05mmol,10mol%),然后在无溶剂条件下加热到80℃反应12h。产物用柱色谱分离提纯,分离收率75%。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.73–7.65(m,4H),7.55–7.38(m,6H),7.21–7.13(m,3H),7.13–7.00(m,2H),3.64(d,J=14.4Hz,2H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ132.29(d,J=98.9Hz),131.91(d,J=2.8Hz),131.19(d,J=9.1Hz),130.24(d,J=5.2Hz),128.61(d,J=11.7Hz),128.48(d,J=2.2Hz),126.87(d,J=2.9Hz),38.17(d,J=66.5Hz).31P NMR(202MHz,CDCl3)δ29.5(s)。
实施例3
二苯基氧膦和苯甲醇制备苄基二苯基氧膦
氮气保护下,向10mL管形反应器中依次加入二苯基氧磷(101.0mg,0.50mmol),苯甲醇(64.8mg,0.60mmol,1.2equiv.)和三甲基碘硅烷(10.0mg,0.05mmol,10mol%),然后在无溶剂条件下加热到80℃反应12h。产物用柱色谱分离提纯,分离收率95%。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.73–7.65(m,4H),7.55–7.38(m,6H),7.21–7.13(m,3H),7.13–7.00(m,2H),3.64(d,J=14.4Hz,2H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ132.29(d,J=98.9Hz),131.91(d,J=2.8Hz),131.19(d,J=9.1Hz),130.24(d,J=5.2Hz),128.61(d,J=11.7Hz),128.48(d,J=2.2Hz),126.87(d,J=2.9Hz),38.17(d,J=66.5Hz).31P NMR(202MHz,CDCl3)δ29.5(s)。
实施例4
二苯基氧膦和苯甲醇制备苄基二苯基氧膦
氮气保护下,向10mL管形反应器中依次加入二苯基氧磷(101.0mg,0.50mmol),苯甲醇(64.8mg,0.60mmol,1.2equiv.),三甲基碘硅烷(10.0mg,0.05mmol,10mol%)和甲苯(1.0mL),然后加热到80℃反应12h。产物用柱色谱分离提纯,分离收率52%。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.73–7.65(m,4H),7.55–7.38(m,6H),7.21–7.13(m,3H),7.13–7.00(m,2H),3.64(d,J=14.4Hz,2H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ132.29(d,J=98.9Hz),131.91(d,J=2.8Hz),131.19(d,J=9.1Hz),130.24(d,J=5.2Hz),128.61(d,J=11.7Hz),128.48(d,J=2.2Hz),126.87(d,J=2.9Hz),38.17(d,J=66.5Hz).31P NMR(202MHz,CDCl3)δ29.5(s)。
实施例5
二苯基氧膦和苯甲醇制备苄基二苯基氧膦
氮气保护下,向10mL管形反应器中依次加入二苯基氧磷(2020mg,10.0mmol),苯甲醇(1296mg,12.0mmol,1.2equiv.)和三甲基碘硅烷(200.0mg,1.0mmol,10mol%),然后在无溶剂条件下加热到80℃反应24h。产物用柱色谱分离提纯,分离收率90%。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.73–7.65(m,4H),7.55–7.38(m,6H),7.21–7.13(m,3H),7.13–7.00(m,2H),3.64(d,J=14.4Hz,2H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ132.29(d,J=98.9Hz),131.91(d,J=2.8Hz),131.19(d,J=9.1Hz),130.24(d,J=5.2Hz),128.61(d,J=11.7Hz),128.48(d,J=2.2Hz),126.87(d,J=2.9Hz),38.17(d,J=66.5Hz).31P NMR(202MHz,CDCl3)δ29.5(s)。
实施例6
二苯基氧膦和4-甲氧基苯甲醇制备4-(甲氧基)苄基二苯基氧膦
氮气保护下,向10mL管形反应器中依次加入二苯基氧磷(101.0mg,0.50mmol),4-甲氧基苯甲醇(82.8mg,0.60mmol,1.2equiv.)和三甲基碘硅烷(10.0mg,0.05mmol,10mol%),然后在无溶剂条件下加热到80℃反应12h。产物用柱色谱分离提纯,分离收率95%。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.72–7.64(m,4H),7.50(td,J=7.8,1.2Hz),7.42(td,J=7.8,2.4Hz),6.99(dd,J=8.4,2.4Hz,2H),6.71(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),3.73(s,3H),3.59(d,J=13.2Hz,2H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ158.55,132.39(d,J=98.4Hz),131.86,131.27(d,J=9.2Hz),131.21(d,J=5.8Hz),128.57(d,J=11.6Hz),122.94(d,J=8.2Hz),113.95,55.28,37.16(d,J=67.2Hz).31P NMR(202MHz,CDCl3)δ30.4。
实施例7
二苯基氧膦和4-氯苯甲醇制备4-(氯)苄基二苯基氧膦
氮气保护下,向10mL管形反应器中依次加入二苯基氧磷(101.0mg,0.50mmol),4-氯苯甲醇(85.2mg,0.60mmol,1.2equiv.)和三甲基碘硅烷(10.0mg,0.05mmol,10mol%),然后在无溶剂条件下加热到80℃反应12h。产物用柱色谱分离提纯,分离收率85%。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.70(d,J=7.5Hz,2H),7.67(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.55–7.42(m,6H),7.15(d,J=8.5Hz,2H),7.04(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),3.61(d,J=13.5Hz,2H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ132.86(d,J=3.6Hz),132.02(d,J=98.9Hz),131.96(d,J=2.7Hz),131.38(d,J=5.3Hz),131.11(d,J=9.2Hz),129.72(d,J=8.1Hz),128.60(d,J=11.9Hz),128.54(d,J=3.6Hz),37.48(d,J=66.2Hz).31P NMR(202MHz,CDCl3)δ29.07(s)。
实施例8
二苯基氧膦和2-萘甲醇制备2萘甲基二苯基氧膦
氮气保护下,向10mL管形反应器中依次加入二苯基氧磷(101.0mg,0.50mmol),2-萘甲醇(94.8mg,0.60mmol,1.2equiv.)和三甲基碘硅烷(10.0mg,0.05mmol,10mol%),然后在无溶剂条件下加热到80℃反应12h。产物用柱色谱分离提纯,分离收率85%。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.80–7.62(m,7H),7.55(s,1H),7.50(t,J=7.2Hz,2H)7.46–7.35(m,6H),7.21(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),3.81(d,J=14.4Hz,2H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ133.37(s),132.45(d,J=41.7Hz),131.97(d,J=1.9Hz),131.55(d,J=39.6Hz),131.29(d,J=9.0Hz),129.11(d,J=6.3Hz),128.81(d,J=7.8Hz),128.63(d,J=11.7Hz),128.30(s),128.04(s),127.69(d,J=13.1Hz),125.92(d,J=46.3Hz),38.40(d,J=66.4Hz).31P NMR(202MHz,CDCl3)δ30.2。
实施例9
二苯基氧膦和2-噻吩甲醇制备2-噻吩甲基二苯基氧膦
氮气保护下,向10mL管形反应器中依次加入二苯基氧磷(101.0mg,0.50mmol),2-噻吩甲醇(68.4mg,0.60mmol,1.2equiv.)和三甲基碘硅烷(10.0mg,0.05mmol,10mol%),然后在无溶剂条件下加热到80℃反应12h。产物用柱色谱分离提纯,分离收率92%。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.81–7.69(m,4H),7.57–7.40(m,6H),7.06(dd,J=6.6,1.2Hz,1H),6.87–6.82(m,2H),3.86(d,J=13.2Hz,2H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ132.1,131.97(d,J=8.6Hz),131.85(d,J=98.9Hz),131.3(d,J=9.4Hz),128.7(d,J=11.6Hz),127.9(d,J=6.4Hz),127.1(d,J=2.0Hz),125.0,32.67(d,J=68.7Hz).31P NMR(202MHz,CDCl3)δ29.1(s)。
实施例10
二苯基氧膦和肉桂醇制备肉桂基二苯基氧膦
氮气保护下,向10mL管形反应器中依次加入二苯基氧磷(101.0mg,0.50mmol),肉桂醇(80.4mg,0.60mmol,1.2equiv.)和三甲基碘硅烷(10.0mg,0.05mmol,10mol%),然后在无溶剂条件下加热到80℃反应12h。产物用柱色谱分离提纯,分离收率80%。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.76(dd,J=11.5,8.0Hz,4H),7.63–7.37(m,6H),7.30–7.06(m,5H),6.42(dd,J=16.0,4.0Hz,1H),6.29–5.98(m,1H),3.29(dd,J=15.0,7.5Hz,2H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ136.79(d,J=3.1Hz),135.64(d,J=12.1Hz),132.47(d,J=98.3Hz),131.91(d,J=2.7Hz),131.09(d,J=9.2Hz),128.64(d,J=11.7Hz),128.47,127.57,126.24(d,J=1.6Hz),118.45(d,J=9.7Hz),35.60(d,J=68.7Hz).31P NMR(202MHz,CDCl3)δ30.06(s)。
实施例11
二苯基氧膦和乙醇制备乙基二苯基氧膦
氮气保护下,向10mL管形反应器中依次加入二苯基氧磷(101.0mg,0.50mmol),乙醇(27.6mg,0.60mmol,1.2equiv.)和三甲基碘硅烷(50.0mg,0.25mmol,50mol%),然后在无溶剂条件下加热到120℃反应12h。产物用柱色谱分离提纯,分离收率95%。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ8.17–7.61(m,8H),7.48–7.28(m,2H),3.26(dd,J=12.0,7.2Hz,2H),1.57–1.02(m,3H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ133.36(d,J=9.3Hz),131.26(d,J=10.5Hz),130.53(d,J=12.1Hz),128.40(d,J=13.2Hz),15.99(d,J=50.6Hz),15.82(s),6.45(d,J=4.8Hz).31PNMR(202MHz,CDCl3)δ31.64(s)。
实施例12
二苯基氧膦和邻苯二甲醇制备邻苯二甲基(二苯基)氧膦
氮气保护下,向10mL管形反应器中依次加入二苯基氧磷(242.4mg,1.2mmol),邻苯二甲醇(69.0mg,0.50mmol,1.0equiv.)和三甲基碘硅烷(10.0mg,0.05mmol,10mol%),然后在无溶剂条件下加热到80℃反应12h。产物用柱色谱分离提纯,分离收率93%。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.68(t,J=9.0Hz,8H),7.52–7.38(m,12H),6.90–6.83(m,2H),6.75–6.68(m,2H),3.96(d,J=12.5Hz,4H).13C NMR(125.4MHz,CDCl3)δ132.61(d,J=98.9Hz),131.87,131.76,131.28(d,J=8.9Hz),128.59(d,J=12.0Hz),126.72,35.46(d,J=66.2Hz).31PNMR(202MHz,CDCl3)δ31.6(s)。
实施例13
二苯基氧膦和1,2-乙二醇制备1,2-二(二苯基)氧膦乙烷
氮气保护下,向10mL管形反应器中依次加入二苯基氧磷(242.4mg,1.2mmol),乙二醇(31.0mg,0.50mmol,1.0equiv.)和三甲基碘硅烷(50.0mg,0.5mmol,50mol%),然后在无溶剂条件下加热到120℃反应12h。产物用柱色谱分离提纯,分离收率42%。。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.75–7.67(m,8H),7.55–7.40(m,12H),2.55(s,4H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ132.03,131.99(d,J=100.4Hz)130.80(t,J=4.7Hz),128.83(t,J=5.8Hz),21.72(t,J=32.6Hz).31P NMR(202MHz,CDCl3)δ32.70(s)。
实施例14
二环己基氧膦和苯甲醇制备苄基二环己基氧膦
氮气保护下,向10mL管形反应器中依次加入二环己基氧磷(107.0mg,0.50mmol),苯甲醇(64.8mg,0.60mmol,1.2equiv.)和三甲基碘硅烷(10.0mg,0.05mmol,10mol%),然后在无溶剂条件下加热到120℃反应12h。产物用柱色谱分离提纯,分离收率75%。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.47–7.09(m,5H),3.06(d,J=12.6Hz,2H),1.96–1.56(m,12H),1.48–1.07(m,10H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ133.03(d,J=6.9Hz),129.87(d,J=4.9Hz),128.70,126.70,36.22(d,J=63.7Hz),32.21(d,J=55.4Hz),26.70(dd,J=12.3,6.0Hz),26.04,25.84(dd,J=14.4,2.0Hz).31P NMR(202MHz,CDCl3)δ49.1。
以上所述之实施例,仅仅用以解释本发明,并非限制本发明实施范围,对于本技术领域的技术人员来说,当然可根据本说明书中所公开的技术内容,通过置换或改变的方式轻易做出其它的实施方式,故凡在本发明的原理及工艺条件所做的变化和改进等,均应包括于本发明申请专利范围内。
Claims (9)
1.一种三取代氧膦化合物的合成方法,其特征在于,在有机溶剂中或无溶剂条件下,二烷基氧磷与一元醇或二元醇在卤硅烷催化下直接发生脱水反应得到三取代氧膦化合物,反应温度为50~150℃,反应时间为1~24小时,反应式为:
其中:
R1是各种官能团取代2-、3-、4-、5-或6-位的苯基或其他取代芳基、稠环或杂芳基,或者是各种碳链长度的官能团取代的烷基;
R2是各种直链或支链官能团取代的烷基、苯环;
TMSX为卤硅烷。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种三取代氧膦化合物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述有机溶剂为甲苯。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种三取代氧膦化合物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述二元醇是碳数大于等于2的脂肪二元醇,或者是各种取代的苯二甲醇。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种三取代氧膦化合物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述卤硅烷为三烷基卤硅烷。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种三取代氧膦化合物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述卤硅烷为三甲基溴硅烷或三甲基碘硅烷。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种三取代氧膦化合物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述催化剂的用量为2~100mol%。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种三取代氧膦化合物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述催化剂的用量为5~60mol%。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种三取代氧膦化合物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述反应的温度为80~120℃,反应时间为6~12小时。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种三取代氧膦化合物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述反应在惰性气体或空气保护下进行。
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