CN109673414B - Strawberry vine hanging three-dimensional cultivation method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a strawberry vine hanging three-dimensional cultivation method, belonging to the technical field of strawberry cultivation. By the method, the strawberry three-dimensional cultivation is realized under the condition that the building cost of the stand is not increased, the fruit yield is improved, the sightseeing effect is good, the land utilization rate is greatly improved, and the economic benefit is greatly increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of strawberry cultivation, in particular to a strawberry vine hanging three-dimensional cultivation method.
Background
Strawberries (Fragria anaassa Duch.) are perennial herbaceous fruit trees and are recognized as "fruit queen" in the world. It is popular with producers and consumers because of its bright color, high nutrition, strong flavor, early fruiting, and good benefit. According to incomplete statistics, the total area of the strawberry cultivation in China reaches 113989hm2The total yield of 2000000t is the first country of strawberry production and consumption in the world.
The Chinese situation is that the population is large, the cultivated land is few, and the improvement of the cultivated land utilization rate is the target of the long-term unchanged effort. The working time of strawberry production is long, the labor intensity is high, the problem of aging of producers can be faced by Chinese agricultural production, and labor-saving cultivation is another important development trend of strawberry production. And with the continuous development of society and the continuous improvement of people's living standard, the sightseeing agriculture is developing rapidly.
The suitable temperature for strawberry growth is 14-20 ℃, and the over-high or under-low temperature is not beneficial to the flowering, fruiting and normal development of the strawberries. In cold winter (12-2 months of the next year), the outside air temperature is low, the strawberry roots are sensitive to the temperature, the growth of the strawberry stops when the strawberry roots are slightly uncomfortable, and the vegetative growth and the reproductive growth of the strawberry are greatly influenced. In spring, along with the rapid rise of the environmental temperature, the temperature of the strawberries in the greenhouse rises rapidly, and the strawberry plants grow in vain easily in 3 months, so that the reproductive growth of the strawberries is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a strawberry vine hanging three-dimensional cultivation method, which is used for solving the problems of the existing strawberry cultivation mode.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a strawberry vine hanging three-dimensional cultivation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) erecting a support with a strawberry hanging height of 140-200cm at the upper end of each row of strawberry field planting ridges, wherein the support is arranged in parallel with the field planting ridges;
(2) planting the strawberries on planting ridges, wherein the stolons emitted by the planted strawberries are not removed, 1-2 strong stolons emitted by the strawberries are selected from the beginning of 11 months in the middle ten days of 10 months, and the rest are all cut off;
(3) hanging a hemp rope of about 80-140cm downwards above each iron wire corresponding to the strawberry plants;
(4) from the middle ten days of 10 months to the beginning of 11 months, when the grade-1 stolons are bent, loose slipknots are formed on the bent stolons by using hemp ropes, only 1 robust stolons are remained when the grade-1 stolons send out grade-2 stolons, the rest are removed, when the grade-2 stolons are bent, the stolons are upwards wound in a spiral shape by using the hemp ropes, and all the sent stolons are removed;
(5) in 1 ten days of the next month, 1 st-level stolon seedlings are extracted out of the inflorescence of the 1 st batch, 2 fruits are left, and the rest are removed;
(6) in late 2 months of the next year, the 1 st inflorescence of the stolon seedlings is extracted from the 2 th-level stolon seedlings, 2 fruits are remained, and the rest are removed; the 2 nd and above inflorescences of the grade 1 stolons and the grade 2 stolons were all removed.
The hanging bracket erection method in the step (1) can be as follows: the method is suitable for the strawberries cultivated on land, if the stand columns can be saved in a greenhouse for planting the strawberries, and the support columns in the greenhouse can be directly used.
Wherein the iron wire is not limited in principle as long as the weight of the strawberries can be borne, and preferably, the iron wire can be selected from No. 14-16 galvanized iron wires.
Preferably, the strawberries are cultivated in overhead troughs, the overhead trough adopted by the invention adopts a detachable overhead trough disclosed in Chinese patent document with patent number 201010125616.3 and invented name "energy-saving and temperature-increasing strawberry overhead cultivation method", and the preparation method thereof is as follows:
using galvanized pipes as upright columns of the bracket, and fixing 2 rows of upright columns in parallel and correspondingly along the shed direction, wherein the transverse interval between the two rows of upright columns is 0.35-0.4m, the longitudinal interval is 1-1.2 m, the upright columns are inserted into the ground for 0.3m, and the ground net height is 1 m; fixing 2 galvanized pipes as pull rods longitudinally and parallelly by using shed pipe fixing pieces on the inner sides of the uppermost ends of the two rows of stand columns; fixing 1 galvanized pipe as a liner at the position 0.24m away from the uppermost end between the corresponding transverse upright columns, and thus manufacturing a detachable elevated tank with the width of 0.35-0.4m and the depth of 0.24m, wherein the length of the elevated tank can be determined according to the length of the greenhouse; at the outer side 5cm away from the uppermost end of the upright post, a top pressing spring is used for longitudinally fixing a galvanized pipe as a pull rod; the distance between every two cultivation grooves is controlled to be 0.80-0.85 m.
Paving the color line tiles with the thickness of 0.2mm and corrugations on the elevated groove to form a cultivation groove; wherein the cultivation groove is formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of corrugated color line tiles; the length of each corrugated color line tile is controlled to be 2.1 meters or 3.1 meters, the width is 0.9-0.95m, two corrugated color line tiles are mutually overlapped by 10cm when being laid, and a wedge-shaped batten is inserted into the lowest part of the bottom end of each corrugated color line tile; laying a black mulching film with the width of 1 meter in the cultivation groove, wherein the redundant part of the black mulching film is hung on two sides of the elevated groove and corresponds to the joint of the two Cai tiles, and the black mulching film is subjected to film breaking and hole opening; a culture medium is paved on the mulching film; the matrix is rice chaff, reed foam, high-efficiency biological organic fertilizer and disease-free sandy loam which are respectively and uniformly mixed according to the volume ratio of 60: 30: 5.
More preferably, the strawberry is cultivated in a two-span three-layer heat-preservation strawberry greenhouse, preferably a greenhouse disclosed in the Chinese patent document with the patent number of 201510430690.9 and the invention name of "a two-span three-layer heat-preservation strawberry greenhouse and application", and at the moment, the iron wires can be directly fixed on the transverse steel pipes of the three greenhouses (the innermost greenhouses).
The method of the invention has the following advantages:
this application realizes the three-dimensional cultivation of posture upper portion through hanging the stolon in the plant top, winter, and the stolon of hanging has increased the blade number of plant totality to increased the synthetic volume of chlorophyll, promoted the vegetative growth of whole strawberry plant, stayed fruit through the stolon in spring and restrained vegetative growth too vigorous purpose. By the method, the strawberries are cultivated in a three-dimensional mode under the condition that the building cost of the stand is not increased, the fruit yield is improved, the sightseeing effect is good, the land utilization rate is greatly improved, and the economic benefit is increased.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained by means of specific embodiments, however, it should be understood that the invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
In the following description and in the claims, the terms "include" and "comprise" are used in an open-ended fashion, and thus should be interpreted to mean "include, but not limited to. The description which follows is a preferred embodiment of the invention, but is made for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention and not for the purpose of limiting the scope of the invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.
Example 1
The test is carried out in 2016.9-2017.5 in strawberry test gardens of Zhenjiang agricultural science research institute in Jiangsu hilly areas, the tested variety is 'red-color', and the strawberry is cultivated by adopting a traditional ground ridging cultivation mode. The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) under the condition of no greenhouse support, firstly, standing columns are respectively erected on two sides of each row of strawberry field planting ridges, an iron wire is pulled between the two standing columns to form a strawberry hanging support, and the support is arranged in parallel with the field planting ridges;
(2) planting the strawberries on planting ridges, wherein the stolons emitted by the planted strawberries are not removed, 1-2 strong stolons emitted by the strawberries are selected from the beginning of 11 months in the middle ten days of 10 months, and the rest are all cut off;
(3) hanging a hemp rope of 80-140cn downwards above each iron wire corresponding to the strawberry plants;
(4) from the middle ten days of 10 months to the beginning of 11 months, when the grade-1 stolons are bent, loose slipknots are formed on the bent stolons by using hemp ropes, only 1 robust stolons are remained when the grade-1 stolons send out grade-2 stolons, the rest are removed, when the grade-2 stolons are bent, the stolons are upwards wound in a spiral shape by using the hemp ropes, and all the sent stolons are removed;
(5) in 1 ten days of the next month, 1 st-level stolon seedlings are extracted out of the inflorescence of the 1 st batch, 2 fruits are left, and the rest are removed;
(6) in late 2 months of the next year, the 1 st inflorescence of the stolon seedlings is extracted from the 2 th-level stolon seedlings, 2 fruits are remained, and the rest are removed; the 2 nd and above inflorescences of the grade 1 stolons and the grade 2 stolons were all removed.
In order to verify the beneficial effects of the present invention, the applicant also performed the following tests, in particular:
and comparing the growth vigor of the plants in the growing period, the phenological period of inflorescences of different batches, the fruit yield, the economic benefit, the SPAD value and the like by using the conventional rack cultivation as a comparison.
In the last 9 th month of 2016, different areas are randomly selected in a strawberry test greenhouse of Zhenjiang academy of agricultural sciences, the ground ridging and tendril hanging cultivation (the method of the invention) is marked as NEW, and the conventional ground ridging cultivation is marked as CK.
1. Post-planting management
Fully and manually watering within one week after planting to ensure the survival rate of the seedlings, and taking the condition of no waterlogging due to dampness as a standard. And removing the diseased leaves, old leaves, etiolated leaves and the stolons in time. And removing the diseased plants in time. Black mulching film is covered in time before budding to control soil temperature and inhibit the growth of some weeds. The strawberry has high demand for water and fertilizer, the fertilizer is required to be applied and watered in time, a drip irrigation mode under a film is adopted, the fertilizer and water drip irrigation is carried out for about 5 times in the whole growth period, the application of the nitrogen fertilizer is not required to be too much, and the application of phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and some trace elements is mainly carried out. The test greenhouse is provided with three layers of films, and the number of the film layers is adjusted in time according to different temperatures at different time intervals to adjust the temperature to a degree suitable for the growth of the strawberries.
Because the greenhouse is closed for a long time, the air flowability is poor, the condition of strawberry pollination is not good, and deformed fruits are generated, so that people need to cultivate a peak in the greenhouse to carry out supplementary pollination, and often a standard greenhouse is used for cultivating a box of bees.
2. Pest management
Strawberry is very susceptible to diseases and insect pests. Common strawberry diseases include root rot, withering disease, bacterial wilt, anthracnose and the like. Common strawberry insect pests include red spiders, grubs, cutworms, aphids, snails, mole crickets and the like. In prevention and treatment, people mainly take prevention as well as comprehensive prevention and treatment. Firstly, physical control is adopted, and plant diseases and insect pests of strawberries can be reduced by timely discovering and removing diseased leaves of diseased plants, manually catching insects, catching insects with color-inducing plates and insect-killing lamps and the like. In the aspect of chemical control, a pesticide with low toxicity or even no toxicity, preferably a biological pesticide, is selected for control. The interval service life of the pesticide is improved as much as possible.
3. Harvesting
Referring to chenxiujuan, milin, chenweiping, etc., the influence of the stem thickness of the seedling on the growth and development of strawberry and the yield and quality [ J ]. the university report of Nanjing agriculture, 2011, 34 (4): the method disclosed in 129-132 is used for harvesting and then placing the harvested fruits into a clean fruit packing box.
4. Observing and determining the relevant data
And observing and recording the phenological period, the plant growth, the fruit yield and quality of different batches, the economic benefit condition and the like of the 2 treated strawberries after planting. The index of the phenological period mainly comprises the initial fruit period and the full fruit period of different batches of fruits; the plant growth vigor measurement is carried out in the late 1 month ten days when the growth vigor of strawberry plants is slow and in the late 3 months when the strawberry plants easily grow up, and the plant growth vigor and the SPAD value representing the chlorophyll content in the plants of the 2 kinds of treated strawberries are respectively measured. The plant growth vigor indexes mainly comprise plant height, crown width, leaf length, leaf width, leaf stalk length, leaf stalk thickness, inflorescence stalk thickness and the like. The fruit yield and quality indexes mainly comprise average single plant yield, single fruit weight, soluble solid content, hardness, titratable acid content and the like of 2 kinds of fruits processed in different batches. The economic benefits mainly comprise 2 modes of material cost, labor cost, economic benefits generated by strawberries of different batches and the like.
Experimental data were processed and analyzed using excel and sps software. The specific test results are as follows:
1. influence of 2 cultivation modes on phenological periods of strawberries of different batches
TABLE 12 Effect of cultivation Pattern on phenological period of different batches of strawberry
As can be seen from Table 1, in the NEW mode, the initial stage of the first batch of inflorescences is 2 days earlier than that of CK, the full stage of the first batch of inflorescences is 7 days earlier, and the same expression is also realized in the second batch of inflorescences and the third batch of inflorescences, which indicates that the cranberry cultivation adopted by the invention has the effect of promoting the strawberry fruit ripening.
2. Influence of 2 cultivation modes on growth vigor of strawberries in different periods
Influence of 22 cultivation modes on strawberry growth vigor at different periods
As can be seen from Table 2, in the last 1 st ten days of the coldest month in the full-capacity area, the indexes affecting the growth vigor of the strawberry plants in the NEW mode are all higher than CK, which indicates that the vine hanging cultivation method is beneficial to improving the growth vigor of the strawberry plants and promoting the growth of the strawberry plants. In the last 3 months of rapid temperature rise, all indexes influencing the growth vigor of the strawberry plants in the NEW mode are lower than CK, which shows that the tendril hanging cultivation method provided by the invention has the effect of inhibiting the strawberry plants from excessively fast growing in warm spring. The chlorophyll content is an important index for measuring the photosynthesis and the growth condition of the plants, the SPAD value and the chlorophyll content are closely related, and as can be seen from the table 2, the chlorophyll content of NEW is obviously higher than CK in winter, the SPAD value is increased along with the growth of the whole plants in spring, but the SPAD value is relatively higher in winter and spring in the NEW mode, the growth is stable, and the tendril-hanging cultivation method is favorable for the chlorophyll synthesis of strawberry plants.
3. Influence of 2 cultivation modes on yield and quality of fruits in different batches
TABLE 32 Effect of cultivation patterns on fruit yields in different batches
The fruiting period of the inflorescences of one batch is about 2-3 weeks generally, the first batch of inflorescences occurs in winter for a relatively long time of about 3 weeks, while the third batch of inflorescences has high temperature, the fruits grow and swell fast, and the period of 2 weeks is basically finished. As can be seen from Table 3, the total yield of fruits of the three inflorescences in the NEW mode is higher than that of the CK, and the fruits in the NEW mode are remarkably increased in yield compared with the CK mode along with the flowering and fruiting of the stolon seedlings in the second and the third inflorescences, and the total yield is increased by 84.5 g/plant compared with the CK mode. The vine hanging cultivation method is beneficial to improving the yield of strawberry fruits.
4. Influence of 2 cultivation modes on fruit quality of different batches
TABLE 42 Effect of cultivation patterns on fruit quality for different batches
As can be seen from Table 4, the single fruit weight of the inflorescence fruits of three batches in the NEW mode is larger than that in the CK mode; the fruit quality in the two modes is not greatly different. The vine hanging cultivation method is beneficial to improving the single fruit weight of strawberry fruits and has no influence on the quality.
5. Influence of 2 cultivation modes on economic benefit
TABLE 52 Effect of cultivation patterns on economic benefits of elevated strawberries
Note: calculating the number of 6000 seedlings per 1 mu.
It can be seen from table 5 that the cost under the NEW mode is 15800 yuan, which is 1600 yuan higher than the CK mode, mainly including the labor cost generated by galvanized iron wires, drawn iron wires and winding stolons, but the actual selling price of strawberries is 5 yuan/kg higher than CK due to the good stereoscopic cultivation and sightseeing effect under the NEW mode, the per mu yield is increased by 21635 yuan/mu compared with the CK mode, and the net profit is increased by 20035 yuan. Therefore, the hanging vine cultivation sightseeing effect is good, and the economic benefit is higher.
Example 2
The test is carried out in 2016.9-2017.5 in strawberry test garden of Zhenjiang agricultural science research institute in Jiangsu hilly area, and the variety to be tested is 'red face'.
The method is carried out in a two-span three-layer heat-preservation strawberry greenhouse (a greenhouse disclosed in Chinese patent document with the patent number of 201510430690.9 and the invention name of 'two-span three-layer heat-preservation strawberry greenhouse and application'), and adopts an overhead cultivation mode (a method disclosed in the patent number of 201010125616.3 and the invention name of 'energy-saving and temperature-increasing strawberry overhead cultivation method'), and comprises the following specific steps:
(1) the iron wire of the strawberry hanging bracket is directly fixed on the transverse steel pipe of the three sheds (the innermost shed).
(2) Planting the strawberries on planting ridges, wherein the stolons emitted by the planted strawberries are not removed, 1-2 strong stolons emitted by the strawberries are selected from the beginning of 11 months in the middle ten days of 10 months, and the rest are all cut off;
(3) hanging a hemp rope of about 80cm downwards above each iron wire corresponding to the strawberry plants;
(4) from the middle ten days of 10 months to the beginning of 11 months, when the grade-1 stolons are bent, loose slipknots are formed on the bent stolons by using hemp ropes, only 1 robust stolons are remained when the grade-1 stolons send out grade-2 stolons, the rest are removed, when the grade-2 stolons are bent, the stolons are upwards wound in a spiral shape by using the hemp ropes, and all the sent stolons are removed;
(5) in 1 ten days of the next month, 1 st-level stolon seedlings are extracted out of the inflorescence of the 1 st batch, 2 fruits are left, and the rest are removed;
(6) in late 2 months of the next year, the 1 st inflorescence of the stolon seedlings is extracted from the 2 th-level stolon seedlings, 2 fruits are remained, and the rest are removed; the 2 nd and above inflorescences of the grade 1 stolons and the grade 2 stolons were all removed.
In order to verify the beneficial effects of the present invention, the applicant also performed the following tests, in particular:
and comparing the growth vigor of the plants in the growing period, the phenological period of inflorescences of different batches, the fruit yield, the economic benefit, the SPAD value and the like by using the conventional rack cultivation as a comparison.
In the early 9 th month of 2016, different areas were randomly selected in the strawberry testing greenhouse of Zhenjiang academy of agricultural sciences, and overhead vine cultivation (the method of the present invention) was labeled NEW1, while conventional overhead cultivation was labeled CK 1. The data related to post-planting management, pest control, harvesting, observation and measurement are all referred to example 1.
1. Influence of 2 cultivation modes on phenological periods of strawberries of different batches
TABLE 62 Effect of cultivation Pattern on phenological period of different batches of strawberry
As can be seen from Table 1, the first inflorescence of the first batch in the NEW1 mode has an initial fruit stage 8 days earlier than that of CK1, a full fruit stage 9 days earlier, and the same performances are also shown in the inflorescences of the second batch and the third batch, which indicates that the cranberry cultivation adopted by the invention has the effect of promoting the strawberry fruit ripening.
2. Influence of 2 cultivation modes on growth vigor of strawberries in different periods
Influence of table 72 cultivation modes on growth vigor of strawberries at different periods
As can be seen from Table 7, in the last 1 st ten days of the coldest month in the full-capacity area, the indexes affecting the growth vigor of the strawberry plants in the NEW1 mode are all higher than those of CK1, which indicates that the vine hanging cultivation method is beneficial to improving the growth vigor of the strawberry plants and promoting the growth of the strawberry plants. In the late 3 months of rapid temperature rise, indexes affecting the growth vigor of strawberry plants in the NEW1 mode are lower than those of CK1, and the effect of inhibiting the strawberry plants from excessively fast growing in warm spring is shown. The chlorophyll content is an important index for measuring the photosynthesis and the growth condition of the plants, the SPAD value and the chlorophyll content are closely related, and as can be seen from the table 2, the chlorophyll content of NEW1 in winter is obviously higher than that of CK1, the SPAD value is increased along with the growth and the enlargement of the whole plants in spring, but the SPAD value is relatively higher and steadily increased in winter and spring under the NEW1 mode, which indicates that the tendril-hanging cultivation of the invention is beneficial to the chlorophyll synthesis of strawberry plants.
3. Influence of 2 cultivation modes on yield and quality of fruits in different batches
TABLE 82 Effect of cultivation patterns on fruit yield for different batches
As can be seen from Table 8, the total yield of fruits of the three inflorescences in the NEW1 mode is higher than that of CK1, and the fruits in the NEW mode are remarkably increased in yield compared with the CK1 mode and the total yield is increased by 71.7 g/plant compared with the CK1 mode along with the flowering and fruiting of stolon seedlings in the second and third inflorescences. The vine hanging cultivation method is beneficial to improving the yield of strawberry fruits.
4. Influence of 2 cultivation modes on fruit quality of different batches
TABLE 92 Effect of cultivation Pattern on fruit quality in different batches
As can be seen from Table 9, the single fruit weight of the inflorescence fruits of the three batches in the NEW1 mode is larger than that in the CK1 mode; the fruit quality in the two modes is not greatly different. The vine hanging cultivation method is beneficial to improving the single fruit weight of strawberry fruits and has no influence on the quality.
5. Influence of 2 cultivation modes on economic benefit
Table 102 influence of cultivation patterns on economic profit of elevated strawberry
Note: and (4) calculating 4000 seedlings by the overhead of every 1 mu.
As can be seen from table 10, the cost in the NEW1 mode is 14800 yuan, which is 2600 yuan higher than that in the CK1 mode, mainly including the labor cost caused by galvanized iron wires, drawn iron wires and wound stolons, but the actual selling price of strawberries is 10 yuan/kg higher than that in the CK1 mode due to the good stereoscopic cultivation and sightseeing effect in the NEW1 mode, the per mu yield is 24000 yuan/mu higher than that in the CK mode, and the net yield is 21400 yuan higher. Therefore, the hanging vine cultivation sightseeing effect is good, and the economic benefit is higher.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (5)
1. A strawberry vine hanging three-dimensional cultivation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) a support with the hanging height of 140 and 200cm for strawberries is erected at the upper end of each row of the strawberry field planting ridges, and the support and the field planting ridges are arranged in parallel; the support erecting method comprises the following steps: firstly, respectively erecting upright posts at two sides of each row of strawberry field planting ridges, and pulling an iron wire between the two upright posts;
(2) planting the strawberries on planting ridges, wherein the stolons emitted by the planted strawberries are not removed, 1-2 strong stolons emitted by the strawberries are selected from the beginning of 11 months in the middle ten days of 10 months, and the rest are all cut off;
(3) hanging a hemp rope with the length of 80-140cm downwards above the strawberry plant on each iron wire;
(4) from the middle ten days of 10 months to the beginning of 11 months, when the grade-1 stolons are bent, loose slipknots are formed on the bent stolons by using hemp ropes, only 1 robust stolons are remained when the grade-1 stolons send out grade-2 stolons, the rest are removed, when the grade-2 stolons are bent, the stolons are upwards wound in a spiral shape by using the hemp ropes, and all the sent stolons are removed;
(5) in 1 ten days of the next month, 1 st-level stolon seedlings are extracted out of the inflorescence of the 1 st batch, 2 fruits are left, and the rest are removed;
(6) in late 2 months of the next year, the 1 st inflorescence of the stolon seedlings is extracted from the 2 th-level stolon seedlings, 2 fruits are remained, and the rest are removed; the 2 nd and above inflorescences of the grade 1 stolons and the grade 2 stolons were all removed.
2. The stereoscopic strawberry hanging tendril cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the iron wire is No. 14-16 galvanized iron wire.
3. The stereoscopic strawberry hanging tendril cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the strawberries are cultivated on an elevated tank, and the preparation method of the elevated tank comprises the following steps:
using galvanized pipes as upright columns of the bracket, and fixing 2 rows of upright columns in parallel and correspondingly along the shed direction, wherein the transverse interval between the two rows of upright columns is 0.35-0.4m, the longitudinal interval is 1-1.2 m, the upright columns are inserted into the ground for 0.3m, and the ground net height is 1 m; fixing 2 galvanized pipes as pull rods longitudinally and parallelly by using shed pipe fixing pieces on the inner sides of the uppermost ends of the two rows of stand columns; fixing 1 galvanized pipe as a liner at the position 0.24m away from the uppermost end between the corresponding transverse upright columns, and thus manufacturing a detachable elevated tank with the width of 0.35-0.4m and the depth of 0.24m, wherein the length of the elevated tank can be determined according to the length of the greenhouse; at the outer side 5cm away from the uppermost end of the upright post, a top pressing spring is used for longitudinally fixing a galvanized pipe as a pull rod; the distance between every two cultivation grooves is controlled to be 0.80-0.85 m.
4. A strawberry hanging tendril three-dimensional cultivation method according to claim 3, wherein a black mulching film is laid in the elevated groove, and a cultivation substrate is laid on the mulching film; the matrix is rice chaff, reed foam, high-efficiency biological organic fertilizer and disease-free sandy loam which are uniformly mixed according to the volume ratio of 60: 30: 5: 5.
5. The three-dimensional strawberry hanging tendril cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the strawberries are cultivated in a two-span three-layer heat preservation strawberry greenhouse.
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