CN109645529B - Preparation method of food pills - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of food pills, which comprises the following steps: A. weighing raw materials, and weighing medicinal materials, food raw materials, Arabic gum, tricalcium phosphate and edible colorant according to a proportion; B. respectively oven drying the medicinal materials and food materials, and pulverizing; C. adopting a fluidized bed spray granulation method, uniformly stirring the fine powder, placing the fine powder at the bottom of a fluidized bed, adding tricalcium phosphate serving as an anticaking agent, and preparing pills; D. weighing Arabic gum and edible colorant according to a formula, uniformly mixing the Arabic gum and the edible colorant to obtain a mixture, and preparing the mixture into a solution by using water; E. and after the gum arabic colored solution is sprayed, continuously drying the prepared pills until the edible colorant is completely embedded, and stopping drying in a boiling bed to obtain the pills. The method is easy to implement and simple and convenient to operate, spray drying and boiling granulation are adopted, the efficiency is improved, the yield is ensured, tricalcium phosphate is used as an anticaking agent, pills are prevented from being adhered during stripping, the quality is controllable, and the method can be suitable for industrial production.

Description

Preparation method of food pills

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of food processing, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a water-soaked edible pill, which is used for preparing edible pills and traditional Chinese medicine pills and can be widely used in the fields of food and medicine production.

Background

The pill is a spherical or tablet-like preparation prepared by adding proper bonding auxiliary materials into medicinal material fine powder or medicinal material extract.

(1) The preparation method comprises the following steps: molding into pills, such as honeyed pills, paste pills, concentrated pills, wax pills and the like; ② making into pills, such as watered pill, watered honeyed pill, concentrated pill, paste pill, etc.; ③ dripping pills (dripping pills).

(2) Classifying according to excipients: water-paste pill, honeyed pill, water-honeyed pill, paste pill, wax pill, etc.

The concentrated pill is prepared by concentrating part of the extractive solution of the medicines into paste, mixing with some fine powders of the medicines, and making into pill with water, Mel or Mel and water as binder. The preparation method comprises two kinds of manual pill preparation and mechanical pill preparation, has the same operation principle, and mainly comprises the steps of raw material processing and crushing, mold stripping, molding, selecting and covering, drying, coating, polishing and quality inspection. Wherein the stripping is a critical step.

1. The raw materials are processed and crushed, namely, the raw materials in the prescription are processed and qualified according to requirements, and then crushed and sieved by a 100-mesh sieve for later use.

2. And (4) stripping, wherein the pill mold is the basis of pill forming. There are two methods of manual drawing and mechanical drawing.

(1) Manually drawing the mold on a clean and dry bamboo plaque 1/4, wetting the plaque surface with a brush, spreading a small amount of powder on the wet plaque surface, holding the plaque with both hands, rotating the bamboo plaque to wet the entire plaque, then gently brushing the brush (i.e., gently adjusting the brush tip), rotating the bamboo plaque, moving the wetted small particles to the other side (dry plaque), spreading a small amount of fine powder, shaking the bamboo plaque to make the small particles uniformly spread with the powder and shake to the other side, spreading a small amount of water on the originally-coated part, moving the powder-coated particles to a coating roller, spreading the water on the particles, transferring to the other dry part, spreading the fine powder, rotating the bamboo plaque to make the wet particles fully roll with the powder, repeating the above steps for a plurality of times until a small dense round particle (e.g., having a diameter of about 0.5-1mm) is formed, and the plaque is not pasted, and (5) after uniform selection, enlarging and forming.

(2) Mechanically drawing the mould, spreading the medicinal powder in a coating pan, spraying water while the coating pan rotates to make the medicinal powder into wet small granules, adding a small amount of fine powder, continuously rolling for a certain time to make the small granules firm and fine, spraying water and spreading powder, repeating the above steps to obtain regular pill moulds, screening, continuously forming, pouring a proper amount of water into the pan, adding a proper amount of medicinal powder, uniformly spreading the medicinal powder in the pan, slightly brushing the medicinal powder in the opposite direction with a brush to obtain loose blocks, slightly rubbing with hands, and continuously repeating the large crushing operation to obtain the pill moulds.

3. Enlarging and forming, namely repeatedly rotating the bamboo plaque after the mould is made, alternately adding water and powder, and continuously rotating the medicine plaque, wherein the whole basic action is kneading, knocking and turning alternately to enhance the hardness and the roundness of the pills until the pills are gradually enlarged and formed to meet the requirements. (Manual and mechanical saying the same)

4. Selecting pills, namely screening the pills uniformly by using a proper medicine sieve, wherein over-small pills are enlarged again, and over-large deformities are separated out for proper treatment.

5. Covering, the purpose of covering is to make the surface of the pill compact, smooth and consistent in color. The common methods comprise three methods of dry powder cover face, clear water cover face and clear pulp cover face.

6. Drying, namely timely drying (below 60 ℃) due to the large water quantity of the water pills. When drying, the temperature should be gradually increased and the mixture should be continuously turned over to avoid the generation of yin and yang surfaces.

The production according to the method has long time consumption and high requirements on production operators, and industrial mass production cannot be carried out.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a preparation method of food pills, which is easy to implement, simple and convenient to operate, improves the efficiency, ensures the yield, has controllable quality and can be suitable for industrial production.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a preparation method of a water-based diet pill comprises the following steps:

a preparation method of food pills comprises the following steps:

A. weighing raw materials, weighing medicinal materials and food raw materials, acacia (purchased on the market), tricalcium phosphate, and edible colorant (any one of red rice red, riboflavin, and beta-carotene);

B. respectively drying the medicinal materials and the food raw materials, controlling the temperature at 60-80 ℃ for 3-5 h, crushing and sieving with a 90-110 mesh sieve for later use, wherein the medicinal materials and the food raw materials are powdery raw materials and are directly crushed and sieved with a 100 mesh sieve for later use;

C. b, adopting a fluidized bed spray granulation method (the existing method), uniformly stirring all the sieved fine powder in the step B, placing the mixture at the bottom of the fluidized bed, adding tricalcium phosphate serving as an anticaking agent, and preparing pills;

D. weighing (0.5-0.8% by mass) Arabic gum and (0.002-0.1% by mass) edible coloring agent (any one of monascus red, riboflavin and beta-carotene), uniformly mixing the Arabic gum and the edible coloring agent to obtain a mixture, preparing the mixture into 1-5% aqueous solution by using purified water, spraying while drying to form the required pill, controlling the air inlet temperature at 80-95 ℃, the air outlet temperature at 65-75 ℃ and the peristaltic pump flow rate at 80-180 ml/min;

E. and after the gum arabic colored solution is sprayed, continuously drying the prepared pills for 2-3 hours until the edible colorant is completely embedded and only has the natural color of the medicinal materials and the food raw materials, and ensuring that the water content is controlled below 9%, and stopping drying in the fluidized bed to obtain the required pills.

The medicinal materials are one or two to twenty of ginseng, penis cervi, deer sinew, cinnamon, medlar, sealwort, mulberry leaf, hawthorn, spina date seed, chrysanthemum, cassia seed, tuckahoe, ginkgo seed, fructus momordicae, gynura procumbens, raspberry, nutmeg, mulberry, fructus alpiniae oxyphyllae and Chinese yam in any proportion.

The food raw materials are one or two to thirteen of deer blood, eucommia male flower, Guangdong cordyceps sinensis fruiting body, donkey penis, bull penis, maca powder, walnut kernel, opuntia ficus-indica (Milapalta variety), chlorella pyrenoidosa, earthworm protein, dunaliella salina extract, lutein ester and (3R,3' R) -dihydroxy-beta-carotene mixed in any proportion.

The medicinal materials and the food raw materials account for 98.4-99.1% (mass percentage);

the Arabic gum accounts for 0.5-0.8% (mass percentage);

the tricalcium phosphate accounts for 0.4-0.8% (mass percentage);

the edible colorant is 0.002-0.1% (mass percentage).

The fineness of the tricalcium phosphate is about 800 meshes.

Through the technical measures of the five steps: the most important is step D, mainly solve the pill and draw the mould difficultly, the pill size made through the above-mentioned step is uniform and unanimous, guarantee the water content to be controlled below 9%, and the pill size is uniform, pill weight difference below 0.05g or 0.05g is below 10%, its invention is easy to train the processing personnel in advance relative to prior art, and the process is suitable for the commercial process. The technical scheme is mainly different from the prior art in that the method adopts a boiling bed for spray granulation, adopts edible colorant to judge the forming of pills, adopts Arabic gum as a binder and tricalcium phosphate as an anticaking agent, and has the processing time of only 5-6 hours, while the processing time of the prior art is generally about 10 hours.

The innovation point of the invention is that the edible colorant is used for judging the molding of the pills, the Arabic gum is used as a binder, the tricalcium phosphate is used as an anticaking agent, and the whole technical scheme has the advantages of ensuring that the moisture content is below 9 percent, the pill size is uniform, the weight difference of the pills is below 10 percent under 0.05g or 0.05g, and the weight difference of the pills is below 12 percent under 0.05g or 0.05g specified in the pharmacopoeia of the people's republic of China 2015 edition.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:

the invention adopts spray drying and boiling granulation without manual or mechanical drawing, which not only improves the efficiency, but also ensures the uniformity of the finished product, uses tricalcium phosphate as an anticaking agent to prevent pills from adhering during drawing, uses Arabic gum aqueous solution for drawing, can improve the production speed, and has uniform pill size after production, weight difference less than 10 percent, controllable quality and suitability for industrial production.

Detailed Description

Example 1:

a preparation method of a pill (Yulu Shenjing pill) comprises the following steps:

A. respectively weighing 2kg of ginseng (artificially planted), 0.5kg of penis cervi, 0.5kg of deer blood, 0.5kg of deer sinew, 4.5kg of eucommia male flower, 0.73kg of Guangdong cordyceps fruiting body, 1kg of gynura procumbens, 10kg of cinnamon, 3kg of medlar, 7kg of rhizoma polygonati, 148g of Arabic gum, 120g of tricalcium phosphate and 2g of monascus red;

B. 2kg of ginseng (artificially planted), 0.5kg of penis cervi, 0.5kg of deer blood, 0.5kg of deer sinew, 4.5kg of eucommia male flower, 10kg of cinnamon, 3kg of medlar and 7kg of rhizoma polygonati are dried at the temperature of 60 ℃ for 4 hours, crushed and sieved by a 100-mesh sieve for later use, and 0.73kg of Guangdong cordyceps fruiting body and 1kg of Gynura procumbens are sieved by the 100-mesh sieve for later use;

C. b, uniformly stirring all the sieved fine powder in the step B, placing the mixture at the bottom of a boiling bed, adding tricalcium phosphate serving as an anticaking agent, and preparing pills;

D. adding water 4850g into 148g acacia gum and 2g monascus red, preparing into 3% water solution, spraying while drying to form required pills, controlling the air inlet temperature to be about 85 ℃, controlling the air outlet temperature to be about 75 ℃, and controlling the flow rate of a peristaltic pump to be 80 ml/min;

E. and after the gum arabic solution is sprayed, continuously drying the prepared pills for about 3 hours until the monascus red is completely embedded and has no red color and the moisture content is ensured to be below 9%, and stopping drying in the boiling bed. The obtained Yulu Shenjing pill has a weight of 0.03g and a weight difference of 8.2%.

By the technical measures, the Yulu Shenjing pills with uniform size are obtained, the weight difference is 8.2%, the operation is simple and convenient, and the production quality is controllable.

Example 2:

a preparation method of a pill (Sanqing pill) comprises the following steps:

A. weighing 5kg of mulberry leaves, 5kg of hawthorn, 0.5kg of spina date seeds, 2kg of chrysanthemum, 8.9kg of cassia seeds, 5kg of poria cocos, 0.3kg of ginkgo seeds, 2kg of momordica grosvenori, 0.5kg of cordyceps guangdongensis sporocarp, 0.51kg of gynura procumbens, 160g of arabic gum, 129g of tricalcium phosphate and 1.2g of riboflavin;

B. respectively drying 5kg of mulberry leaves, 5kg of hawthorn, 0.5kg of spina date seeds, 2kg of chrysanthemum, 8.9kg of cassia seeds, 5kg of poria cocos, 0.3kg of ginkgo seeds and 2kg of momordica grosvenori, controlling the temperature to be about 80 ℃ and the time to be about 3 hours, crushing and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve for later use, wherein 0.5kg of cordyceps guangdongensis sporocarp and 0.51kg of gynura procumbens for later use, and preparing pills;

C. b, uniformly stirring all the sieved fine powder in the step B, placing the mixture at the bottom of a boiling bed, and adding tricalcium phosphate serving as an anticaking agent;

D. 3868g of water is added into the weighed Arabic gum and riboflavin, 5% (mass percentage) of water solution is prepared for spraying, the spraying and the drying are carried out simultaneously, the required pills are formed, the air inlet temperature is controlled to be about 85 ℃, the air outlet temperature is controlled to be about 75 ℃, and the flow rate of a peristaltic pump is 120 ml/min;

E. and after the gum arabic solution is sprayed, continuously drying the prepared pills for about 2.5 hours until the riboflavin is completely embedded and has no yellow color, and stopping drying in a boiling bed when the water content is controlled below 9%. The weight of the three-clear food pill is 0.06g, and the weight difference is 7.8%.

By the technical measures, the three-component pill for clearing food with uniform size is obtained, and the weight difference is 7.8%.

Example 3:

a preparation method of pills (Laojun pills) comprises the following steps:

A. weighing 0.2kg of donkey penis, 0.2kg of bull penis, 0.2kg of maca powder, 3kg of raspberry, 2kg of nutmeg, 2kg of cinnamon, 17.04kg of walnut kernel, 3kg of mulberry, 2kg of sharpleaf galangal fruit, 180g of arabic gum, 180g of tricalcium phosphate and 2.1g of beta-carotene;

B. drying donkey penis 0.2kg, bull penis 0.2kg, raspberry 3kg, nutmeg 2kg, cinnamon 2kg, walnut kernel 17.04kg, mulberry 3kg and bitter cardamon 2kg at 60-80 deg.C for 3-5 h, pulverizing, sieving with 100 mesh sieve, and directly pulverizing Lepidium Meyenii Walp powder and sieving with 100 mesh sieve;

C. b, uniformly stirring all the fine powder in the step B, placing the fine powder at the bottom of a boiling bed, and adding tricalcium phosphate as an anticaking agent;

D. weighing 180g of Arabic gum and 2.1g of beta-carotene according to a formula, adding water to prepare a 5% aqueous solution, spraying while drying to form required pills, controlling the air inlet temperature to be about 90 ℃, controlling the air outlet temperature to be about 75 ℃, controlling the flow rate of a peristaltic pump to be 80ml/min, and starting to prepare pills;

E. and after the gum arabic colored solution is sprayed, continuously drying the prepared pills for 3 hours until the beta-carotene is completely embedded and has no red color and the moisture is ensured to be below 9%, and stopping drying in the boiling bed. The obtained pills of the old monarch food have the weight of 0.04g and the weight difference of 8.4 percent.

By the technical measures, the old monarch food pills with uniform sizes are obtained, and the weight difference is 8.4%.

Example 4:

a preparation method of pills (Dixian pills) comprises the following steps:

A. weighing 0.1kg of earthworm protein, 2kg of opuntia ficus-indica (milpa alta variety), 0.5kg of chlorella pyrenoidosa, 27.04kg of Chinese yam, 200g of acacia, 158g of tricalcium phosphate and 2g of monascus red;

B. oven drying Lumbricus protein, Opuntia ficus-indica (Mibangta variety), Chlorella pyrenoidosa, and rhizoma Dioscoreae at 60-80 deg.C for 3-5 hr, pulverizing, and sieving with 100 mesh sieve;

C. b, uniformly stirring the fine powder sieved in the step B, placing the fine powder at the bottom of a boiling bed, and adding tricalcium phosphate serving as an anticaking agent;

D. adding 3838g of water into Arabic gum and monascus red to prepare a 5% aqueous solution, spraying while drying to form a required pill, controlling the air inlet temperature at 90 ℃, the air outlet temperature at 75 ℃ and the flow rate of a peristaltic pump at 100 ml/min;

E. and after the gum arabic solution is sprayed, continuously drying the prepared pills for 3 hours until the monascus red is completely embedded and has no red color, and stopping drying in the fluidized bed until the water content is controlled below 9%. The obtained impatiens balsamina L pill has a weight of 0.05g and a weight difference of 7.2%.

Through the technical measures, the impatiens balsamina L.pill with uniform size is obtained, and the weight difference is 7.2%.

Example 5:

a preparation method of a pill (Dunaliella salina leaf yellow pill) comprises the following steps:

A. weighing 28.87kg of mulberry leaves, 0.5kg of dunaliella salina extract, 0.1kg of lutein ester, (3R,3' R) -dihydroxy-beta-carotene 0.2kg, acacia gum 180g, tricalcium phosphate 148g and monascus red 2g respectively;

B. drying folium Mori, controlling temperature at 60 deg.C for 3 hr, pulverizing, sieving with 100 mesh sieve, sieving Dunaliella salina extract 0.5kg, xanthophyll ester 0.1kg, and (3R,3' R) -dihydroxy-beta-carotene 0.2kg with 100 mesh sieve, and making into pill;

C. b, uniformly stirring all the sieved fine powder in the step B, placing the mixture at the bottom of a boiling bed, and adding tricalcium phosphate serving as an anticaking agent;

D. adding 4368g of water into weighed Arabic gum and red rice red, preparing into 4% aqueous solution, spraying while drying to form required pill, controlling air inlet temperature at 85 deg.C, air outlet temperature at 70 deg.C, and peristaltic pump flow rate at 85ml/min to form pill;

E. and after the gum arabic solution is sprayed, continuously drying the prepared pills for 2.5 hours until the monascus red is completely embedded and has no red color, and stopping drying in the fluidized bed until the water content is controlled below 9%. The weight of the obtained Dunaliella salina leaf yellow pill is 0.06g, and the weight difference is 7.6%.

Through the technical measures, the dunaliella salina leaf yellow meal pills with uniform sizes are obtained, and the weight difference is 7.6%.

The dunaliella salina extract is a commercial product.

Claims (4)

1. A preparation method of food pills comprises the following steps:

A. weighing raw materials, and weighing medicinal materials, food raw materials, Arabic gum, tricalcium phosphate and edible colorant according to a proportion;

the medicinal materials and the food raw materials account for 98.4 to 99.1 mass percent;

the Arabic gum accounts for 0.5-0.8% of the mass percentage;

the tricalcium phosphate accounts for 0.4 to 0.8 percent of the mass percentage;

the edible colorant accounts for 0.002-0.1% of the mass percentage;

the edible coloring agent is any one of monascus red, riboflavin and beta-carotene;

B. respectively oven drying the medicinal materials and food materials at 60-80 deg.C for 3-5 h, pulverizing, and sieving with 90-110 mesh sieve;

C. adopting a fluidized bed spray granulation method, uniformly stirring all the sieved fine powder in the step (B), placing the mixture at the bottom of a fluidized bed, adding tricalcium phosphate serving as an anticaking agent, and making pills;

D. weighing 0.5-0.8 mass percent of Arabic gum and 0.002-0.1 mass percent of edible colorant according to a proportion, uniformly mixing the Arabic gum and the edible colorant to obtain a mixture, preparing the mixture into 1-5 mass percent aqueous solution by using purified water, spraying while drying to form pills, controlling the air inlet temperature at 80-95 ℃, controlling the air outlet temperature at 65-75 ℃ and controlling the flow rate of a peristaltic pump at 80-180 ml/min;

E. and after the gum arabic colored solution is sprayed, continuously drying the prepared pills for 2-3 hours until the edible colorant is embedded and only the natural colors of the medicinal materials and the food raw materials exist and the water content is controlled below 9%, and stopping drying in the fluidized bed to obtain the pills.

2. The process for preparing a food pellet as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the medicinal materials are one or two to twenty of ginseng, penis cervi, deer sinew, cinnamon, medlar, sealwort, mulberry leaf, hawthorn, spina date seed, chrysanthemum, cassia seed, tuckahoe, ginkgo seed, momordica grosvenori, gynura procumbens, raspberry, nutmeg, mulberry, fructus alpiniae oxyphyllae and Chinese yam which are mixed in any proportion.

3. The process for preparing a food pellet as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the food raw materials are one or two to thirteen of deer blood, eucommia male flower, Guangdong cordyceps sinensis fruiting body, donkey penis, bull penis, maca powder, walnut kernel, opuntia ficus-indica, chlorella pyrenoidosa, earthworm protein, dunaliella salina extract, lutein ester and (3R,3' R) -dihydroxy-beta-carotene which are mixed in any proportion.

4. The process for preparing a food pellet as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fineness of the tricalcium phosphate is 800 meshes.