CN109642425A - 具有隔音性能的结构系统 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种具有隔音性能的结构系统(1),其包括用于配置构造(3)的模块化的可安装封闭件(2),封闭件(2)包括至少三个层(4、5、6),该至少三个层通过紧固件(7a、7b、7c)利用离散的弹性元件连接在一起,该系统具有布置在第一层(4)和第三层(6)之间的中间位置的至少一个第二层(5)。
Description
描述
发明目的
本发明涉及一种具有隔音性能的结构系统。
发明背景
目前,已知几种具有隔音性能的构造,例如用于听力测试或音乐录音的小室(cabin),其包括由其它弹性材料层连接在一起的几个隔音材料层,以获得质量-弹簧-质量系统(mass-spring-mass system)。这些构造存在的缺点是弹性材料层完全结合了其他层的表面,使得连接过于刚性,这不利地影响隔音性能。
另一方面,该构造的必要结构强度涉及刚性支撑元件,这些刚性支撑元件形成声桥,声桥在不危及构造的稳定性的情况下很难消除。
发明描述
本发明的具有隔音性能的结构系统具有最小化和消除声桥的配置,从而获得良好的结构稳定性,并且还允许模块化的组装。
本发明的系统是包括模块化的可安装封闭件(enclosure)的类型,以配置一种构造,例如声学小室、游戏室或任何房间或隔音构造,其中,根据本发明,封闭件包括至少三个层,这三个层通过紧固件利用离散的弹性元件(discrete elastic elements)彼此连接,离散的弹性元件至少支撑第二层(配合保持该构造的结构稳定性),该第二层布置在第一层和第三层之间的中间位置。
在本文中,离散的弹性元件被理解为是这样的元件,即其仅影响层的特定区域而不是其表面的全部。
以这种方式,支撑层被布置在其它两个层之间,避免了声桥,且此外,离散的弹性元件包括不影响整个表面的点附接,从而以较低的成本获得层之间更大的独立性。此外,由于支撑中间层理想地由具有隔音性能的材料制成,例如由木材或衍生物制成,因此获得了具有双重质量-弹簧-质量系统的三层隔离,这提高了隔离水平。
附图说明
图1示出了三个视图,其中上面的两个视图对应于从两个不同的角度的声学小室,第三个视图对应于更大的构造,例如儿童游戏室。
图2示出了图1所示的小室的分解图和该结构的初级连接器的放大细节。
图3示出了根据本发明的系统制造的构造的封闭地板和壁的局部细节,其中三个地板区段可以被看到具有系统的三个可见层,且在右侧可以看到与不同的层组装或部分地拆卸的外层。
图4示出了壁之间的拐角的细节,在左边只示出了结构且在右边示出组装的层,或者部分地从外层拆卸的层,与图3中所示的类似。该图还展示了离散的弹性元件的配置销钉的放大细节。
图5示出了两个封闭件之间的拐角连接部(corner joint)的细节。
图6示出了在无该结构且其中支撑层能够在结构上独自支撑封闭件的示例中的本发明系统的各层的细节。
图7示出了用于拐角的梁或角横件(angular crosspiece)的详图。
图8示出了初级连接器的详图;该图还示出了它是如何包括形成三面体(trihedron)的三个二级支架,和三个初级盖,该三个初级盖比这些支架短并且与两个对两个地与这三个二级支架相关联。
本发明的实用性实施方案的描述
本发明的具有隔音性能的结构系统(1)是包括各种模块化的可安装封闭件(2)以配置构造(3)的类型(见图1),并且其中,根据本发明,封闭件(2)包括至少三个层(4、5、6)(见图6),这三个层利用紧固件(7a、7b、7c)利用离散的弹性元件连接在一起,该离散的弹性元件至少支撑布置在第一层(4)和第三层(6)之间的中间位置的第二层(5)。本文件认为支撑层具有维持自身并为其余元件提供基座和支撑的强度和刚性的性能。如本文件中后面举例所述,该第二层(5)可以由mdf(中密度纤维板)、PVC、金属等制成,这些材料经鉴定自身符合这些性能。
还可以预见,系统(1)(见图2至图5)可以额外包括由梁(10)、横杆(11)和连接器(23、25)构成的结构(9),至少第二支撑层(5)将被紧固到该结构,使得所述第二层(5)也配合保持和调整(保持恰当地就位到梁(10)和横杆(11))结构(9)。利用这种结构(9),建造更大的构造是可能的。第二层(5)与结构(9)的结合通过包括一些销钉的紧固件来实现。
离散的弹性元件理想地包括弹性体材料的销钉(8)(参见图4至图6),而紧固件(7a、7b、7c)将包括:一些初级孔(7a),其在第二层(5)中和/或视情况在梁(10)、横杆(11)和连接器(23、25)中被钻出,用以插入和配合这些销钉(8)(参见图4和图5);和/或一些二级孔(7b),其在第一层(4)中被钻出,用以配合这些销钉(8)(见图4和图5);和/或一些三级孔(7c),其在这些销钉(8)中被钻出,用以杆(16)(见图5)的旋拧或插入,进而固定第三层(6)。逻辑上,这样的杆(16)也通过一些孔(50)穿过第三层(6)。利用这种构型,当单个销钉(8)穿过第二层(5)并且根据情况穿过结构元件(9),并且附接到其它两个层(4、6)时,实现了增强了系统(1)隔离能力的点紧固,该点紧固是通过下述方式实现的,即,通过使销钉(8)同时穿过在第二层(5)中钻出的初级孔(7a)并且穿过结构元件(9)(在使用结构元件(9)的情况下),并且还将第二层(5)和结构元件(9)附接到其它两个层(4、6)。可以预见,销钉(8)优选地包括一些较小截面的延伸部(8a),以配合在所述二级孔(7b)中,使得销钉(8)的最宽部分阻止延伸部(8a)在第一层(4)处的插入,从而获得更好的饰面和更有效的组装。此外,销钉(8)和/或其延伸部(8a)理想地具有圆柱形构型。
为了改进第二支撑层(5)(或根据具体情况改进结构(9))与相邻的第一层(4)之间的组装和对中,根据本发明,在第二层(5)和/或结构(9)的梁(10)、横杆(11)和连接器(23、25)中规划了一些凹口(14),这些凹口(14)指向第一层(4)(见图4),而乳头状凸起(nipple)(15)位于第一层(4)中,指向这些凹口(14),用于引入到这些凹口中(见图4和图6)。在图中,这些通孔(14)穿过其中钻有这些通孔的元件而被切割,但是重要的方面是这些通孔指向第一层(4)。
还可以预见,第一层(4)可以包括一些突出部(4a),这些突出部(4a)与结构(9)的梁(10)和/或横杆(11)之间产生的孔(16a)互补,以配合到孔(16a)中,也提高了整体的刚性和隔离性能。
就其本身而言,第一层(4)理想地由19毫米厚的mdf制成,第二层(5)由16毫米的mdf制成,且第三层(6)由10毫米的mdf制成,mdf是一种木质衍生物的板材(planks),具有改善隔离性的柔韧性、质量和吸收性的性能。作为上述的补充或替代,层(4、5、6)中的任何层或所有层也可以由其它合适的材料制成,如由塑料材料(例如PVC)和/或金属等制成。
还考虑到第一层(4)和/或第三层(6)可以在其面中的至少一个面上包括附加的声学膜和/或沥青膜(17),这可以在关于第三层(6)的内部的图中理解。此外,第三层(6)还可以包含聚氨酯团块(未示出)。还可以预见,第一层(4)和/或第二层(5)和/或第三层(6)和/或结构(9)可以在其面和/或边缘中的至少一个上包括毡的覆层(未示出),目的是密封层之间的连接部。关于封闭件(2)的可见的外部和内部饰面,这可以用提到的毡覆层,和/或也可以用原木、PVC、橡胶或金属片材(铝、锌等)实现。
关于结构(9),基本上,梁(10)和横杆(11)包括成直角以在拐角中连接的端段(18),如图4和图5所看到的,并且在图7中更详细地看到,凹口(14)和/或初级孔(7a)位于该端段(18)中,包括在这些端段(18)之间的内部加强初级支架(19)以及在端段(18)和第一支架(19)之间的内部支撑销钉(20)(见图5和图7);而连接器(23,25)包括第一连接器(23)(见图2和图8)和第二连接器(25)(见图4),第一连接器包括形成三面体的三个二级支架(22),和三个较短的初级盖(24),该初级盖两个对两个地(two ontwo)与这些二级支架(22)相关联,第二连接器包括第三直支架(31)和两个第二盖(32),这两个第二盖以第三支架(31)为中心形成二面角(dihedral)。
充分描述了本发明的性质,以及实践中的实施例,应该注意的是,可以对上面提到的和附图中表示的设置(provisions)的细节进行修改,只要这些修改不改变基本原理。
Claims (14)
1.一种具有隔音性能的结构系统(1),其包括模块化的可安装封闭件(2)以配置构造(3),其特征在于,所述封闭件(2)包括至少三个层(4、5、6),所述至少三个层通过紧固件(7a、7b、7c)利用离散的弹性元件连接在一起,其中至少第二支撑层(5)布置在所述第一层(4)和所述第三层(6)之间的中间位置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的具有隔音性能的结构系统(1),其特征在于,其包括由梁(10)、横杆(11)和连接器(23、25)构成的结构(9),至少所述第二层(5)紧固到所述结构(9)。
3.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的具有隔音性能的结构系统(1),其特征在于,离散的弹性元件理想地包括弹性体销钉(8),而所述紧固件(7a、7b、7c)包括:初级孔(7a),其在所述第二层(5)中被钻出和/或在所述梁(10)、所述横杆(11)以及所述连接器(23、25)中被钻出,用以插入和配合这样的销钉(8);和/或一些二级孔(7b),其在所述第一层(4)中被钻出,用以接纳所述销钉(8);和/或一些三级孔(7c),其在这些销钉(8)中被钻出,用以杆(16)的旋拧或插入以固定所述第三层(6)。
4.根据权利要求3所述的具有隔音性能的结构系统(1),其特征在于,所述销钉(8)包括较小截面的延伸部(8a),以配合在所述二级孔(7b)中。
5.根据权利要求3或4中任一项所述的具有隔音性能的结构系统(1),其特征在于,所述销钉(8)和/或其延伸部(8a)具有圆柱形构型。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的具有隔音性能的结构系统(1),其特征在于,所述第二层(5)和/或所述梁(10)、所述横杆(11)和所述连接器(23、25)包含指向所述第一层(4)的一些凹口(14),而所述第一层(4)包含指向这些凹口(14)的乳头状凸起(15),以用于引入所述凹口中并改进组装和对中。
7.根据权利要求2至6中任一项所述的具有隔音性能的结构系统(1),其特征在于,所述第一层(4)包括与在所述结构(9)的所述梁(10)和/或所述横杆(11)之间产生的孔(16a)互补的一些突出部(4a),以配合到所述孔中。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的具有隔音性能的结构系统(1),其特征在于,所述第一层(4)由19毫米厚的mdf制成,所述第二层(5)由16毫米厚的mdf制成,且所述第三层(6)由10毫米厚的mdf制成。
9.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的具有隔音性能的结构系统(1),其特征在于,所述层(4、5、6)中的一些或全部由塑料材料和/或金属制成。
10.根据权利要求8或9中任一项所述的具有隔音性能的结构系统(1),其特征在于,所述第一层(4)和/或所述第三层(6)在其至少一个面上包括声学膜和/或沥青膜(17)。
11.根据权利要求8至10中任一项所述的具有隔音性能的结构系统(1),其特征在于,所述第三层(6)包括聚氨酯团块。
12.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的具有隔音性能的结构系统(1),其特征在于,所述第一层(4)和/或所述第二层(5)和/或所述第三层(6)和/或所述结构(9)在其至少一个面和/或边缘上包括毡覆层。
13.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的具有隔音性能的结构系统(1),其特征在于,所述结构系统包括所述封闭件(2)的由毡、原木、PVC、橡胶、金属片材、铝、锌制成的可见外部和内部饰面。
14.根据权利要求2至13中任一项所述的具有隔音性能的结构系统(1),其特征在于,所述梁(10)和所述横杆(11)包括成直角以形成拐角连接部的各种端段(18),并且凹口(14)和/或初级孔(7a)定位在所述端段(18)中,包括位于这些端段(18)之间的初级内部加强支架(19)以及在所述端段(18)和所述初级支架(19)之间的内部支撑销钉(20);而所述连接器(23、25)包括初级连接器(23)和二级连接器(25),所述初级连接器(23)包括形成三面体的三个二级支架,和三个较短的初级盖,所述初级盖两个对两个地与所述二级支架(22)相关联,所述二级连接器(25)包括直的三级支架(31)和两个较短的盖,所述两个较短的盖形成以所述第三支架(31)为中心的二面角。
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ES201631149A ES2609601B1 (es) | 2016-09-02 | 2016-09-02 | Sistema constructivo con propiedades de aislamiento acustico |
ESP201631149 | 2016-09-02 | ||
PCT/ES2017/070582 WO2018042065A1 (es) | 2016-09-02 | 2017-08-18 | Sistema constructivo con propiedades de aislamiento acústico |
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CN109642425A true CN109642425A (zh) | 2019-04-16 |
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EP (1) | EP3508660B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN109642425B (zh) |
DK (1) | DK3508660T3 (zh) |
ES (2) | ES2609601B1 (zh) |
MX (1) | MX2019002128A (zh) |
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ES2609601B1 (es) | 2018-01-24 |
ES2888977T3 (es) | 2022-01-10 |
WO2018042065A1 (es) | 2018-03-08 |
ES2609601A1 (es) | 2017-04-21 |
US20190194938A1 (en) | 2019-06-27 |
DK3508660T3 (da) | 2021-06-07 |
MX2019002128A (es) | 2019-06-20 |
PT3508660T (pt) | 2021-06-02 |
CN109642425B (zh) | 2021-07-27 |
EP3508660A4 (en) | 2020-04-29 |
EP3508660A1 (en) | 2019-07-10 |
EP3508660B1 (en) | 2021-03-03 |
US10876287B2 (en) | 2020-12-29 |
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