CN109630171B - Method for controlling floor heave by arranging pressure relief lane along bottom plate along top lane - Google Patents
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- CN109630171B CN109630171B CN201811297498.7A CN201811297498A CN109630171B CN 109630171 B CN109630171 B CN 109630171B CN 201811297498 A CN201811297498 A CN 201811297498A CN 109630171 B CN109630171 B CN 109630171B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
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Abstract
The invention aims to provide a method for arranging a pressure relief roadway along a bottom plate along a top roadway to control bottom heave, which comprises the following steps: determining the distance between a stoping roadway and a goaf coal pillar and the position of a pressure relief roadway in the coal pillar; setting stoping roadways on two sides of a coal face, wherein the stoping roadways adopt rectangular sections and are tunneled along a coal seam roof; anchor cables are arranged at the bottom corners of two sides of the stoping roadway and the center of the bottom plate, and the anchor cables are driven into a stable area of the coal bed of the bottom plate of the roadway; a grouting anchor rod is arranged on a bottom plate of a roadway of the vertical stoping roadway and is driven into a coal seam stable area of the bottom plate; and arranging a pressure relief roadway along the coal seam floor, so that the bottom heave deformation of the stoping roadway close to the pressure relief roadway is reduced. The prevention and control of the heaving floor of the gob-side roadway can be effectively processed, the stability of the roadway is improved, and the coal recovery rate of the working face is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of deformation control of mine roadways, and particularly relates to a method for controlling floor heave by arranging a pressure relief roadway along a bottom plate along a top roadway.
Background
Aiming at coal seams with low strength of a coal seam floor, particularly coal seams with the thickness of about 6.0m, coal mining methods such as large mining height and layered mining are mainly adopted, and after a working face is excavated, when the strength of the coal seam floor is low, energy is released from a roadway floor, so that a roadway generates a floor heave phenomenon. Aiming at preventing the floor heave, the method mainly comprises the steps of reinforcing a bottom plate or cutting grooves on two sides, relieving pressure at the top and the like, and then the method has large engineering quantity, complex working procedures and limited prevention and control capability of the roadway floor heave.
Under the general condition, tunnel roof intensity will be bigger than coal body intensity, when the tunnel top is stayed and is established certain top coal, the tunnel goes out the pucking outside, can increase tunnel roof's deformation, is unfavorable for the stability in tunnel, consequently directly arranges tunnel along the coal seam roof, and the tunnel roof deformation is advantageously alleviated, improves the holistic stability in tunnel.
When roadway floor heave control is carried out, the deformation of the floor heave is limited by anchor rod (cable) support control; the arrangement position of the pressure relief roadway of the thick coal seam lacks relevant theoretical cognition, the energy consumption of a mining roadway floor in practical application is low, and the floor heave control is limited.
Aiming at the analysis, the arrangement position of the roadway is optimized in terms of the prevention of the floor heave of the thick coal seam with the coal seam thickness of about 6.0m, the overall support density of the roadway is reasonably arranged, and the pressure relief roadway is arranged along the bottom plate at a position which is reasonable from the stoping roadway, so that the prevention and control capability of the floor heave of the roadway can be effectively improved, and the operation period and efficiency of the roadway are improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for controlling the bottom heave by arranging a pressure relief roadway along a bottom plate along a top roadway, which can effectively treat the prevention and control of the bottom heave of the gob-side roadway, improve the stability of the roadway and ensure the coal recovery rate of a working face.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method of deploying a pressure relief roadway along a floor along a roof roadway to control pucking, comprising the steps of:
1) determining the distance between a stoping roadway and a goaf coal pillar and the position of a pressure relief roadway in the coal pillar;
2) setting stoping roadways on two sides of a coal face, wherein the stoping roadways adopt rectangular sections and are tunneled along a coal seam roof;
3) anchor cables are arranged at the bottom corners of two sides of the stoping roadway and the center of the bottom plate, and the anchor cables are driven into a stable area of the coal bed of the bottom plate of the roadway;
4) a grouting anchor rod is arranged on a bottom plate of a roadway of the vertical stoping roadway and is driven into a coal seam stable area of the bottom plate;
5) and arranging a pressure relief roadway along the coal seam floor, so that the bottom heave deformation of the stoping roadway close to the pressure relief roadway is reduced.
The pressure relief roadway is arranged in the middle of the coal pillar between the goaf and the stoping roadway along the direction of the goaf, and divides the coal pillar into a coal pillar adjacent to the goaf side and a coal pillar adjacent to the stoping roadway side along the bottom plate.
A coal seam bottom plate is arranged below the stoping roadway, the width of the roadway is 4.0m, and the height of the roadway is 3.0 m; .
Two anchor cables are driven into the bottom foot of the stoping roadway.
Three grouting anchor rods are vertically driven into the stoping roadway along roadway bottom plates 1/4, 1/2 and 3/4 respectively, and anchoring sections of the grouting anchor rods are fixed in a coal seam stable area.
The method is simple and convenient, has low cost and good effect, can effectively prevent and treat the floor heave phenomenon of the roadway during the stoping period of the working face, improves the stability of the roadway and improves the production yield of coal.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic space view of a pressure relief roadway arranged along a bottom plate along a top roadway on a working face;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the spatial arrangement of a mining roadway and a pressure relief roadway.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 and 2 show a method for arranging a pressure relief lane along a floor along a roof lane to control a floor heave, comprising the following steps:
1. determining the width of a coal pillar 7 of a stoping roadway from the goaf 6 and the position of a pressure relief roadway 3 in the coal pillar 7;
firstly, respectively calculating the size of a pressure relief lane and the horizontal distance between the pressure relief lane and a stoping lane by using formulas (1) to (5):
in the formula: d is the minimum width of the pressure relief lane, m; b is the width of a stoping roadway, m; r is the excavation area of a stoping roadway, m 2; w is the shrinkage rate of the roadway without a pressure relief roadway; m is the height of a pressure relief roadway, and M; k is the coal pillar bearing coefficient, and 1.2 is taken; phi is the formation mobility angle, ︒; lu is the distance between the pressure relief lane and the goaf, and m; ln is the yielding coal pillar width m between the pressure relief roadway and the stoping roadway; lp is the width of the loading belt, m; r is the ultimate compressive strength of the yielding coal pillar, namely MPa;
and determining the reserved coal pillar width B = Lu + Ln + d of the stoping roadway from the goaf based on the widths of Lu, Ln and d.
2. Excavating mining roadways 1 and 2, wherein the roadways adopt rectangular sections and are excavated along a coal seam roof 4; and (3) arranging stoping roadways on two sides of the working face according to the design years of the mine and the width of the coal pillar, and ensuring that two stoping roadways are arranged along the coal seam roof 4 of the roadway.
3. Arranging anchor cables 8 towards the bottom plate along the bottom angles of the two sides of the mining roadway to ensure that the length of the anchor cables 8 penetrating into the coal seam bottom plate area is at least 1/3 of the anchoring length of the anchor cables, and the two bottom angle anchor cables can be ensured to be intersected with the anchor rod in the middle of the bottom plate at the central point of the roadway in the reverse direction; in the areas of two sides and a top plate of the roadway, the roadway support density is reduced, the arranged anchor rods are all perpendicular to the coal wall and the top plate, and oblique angle anchor rods (cables) are not arranged.
4. Calculating the radius of the surrounding rock loosening zone of the mining roadway according to a formula (6):
in the formula: rp, the plastic zone radius of a surrounding rock loosening zone, P, roadway support strength, C, coal cohesion, phi, a coal internal friction angle, a, roadway external circle radius, P and initial stress;
based on the formula (4), the maximum depth of the damage area of the roadway floor surrounding rock loosening zone can be determined to be h = Rp-1.5.
And (3) arranging grouting anchor rods 9 in the roadway floor area, wherein the grouting area is not less than the maximum depth h = Rp-1.5 of the molding area of the loose circle of the surrounding rock of the roadway floor, and meanwhile, arranging anchor rods 9 in the positions along the roadway floors 1/4, 1/2 and 3/4 and perpendicular to the roadway floor to enter the deep coal body stabilizing area of the floor, ensuring that the arranging depth of the anchor rods in the two sides of the roadway and the top plate area is not less than the maximum depth h = Rp-1.5 of the molding area of the loose circle of the surrounding rock, and ensuring the support density of the common anchor rods 10 and the common anchor rods 11 of the top plate at the two sides of the roadway.
5. The pressure relief lane 3 is arranged in a high stress area of the stoping lane along the coal pillar side of the goaf direction in the horizontal direction according to the calculation result, and is arranged on the coal seam bottom plate 5 in the vertical direction, and the pressure relief lane divides the coal pillar into a coal pillar 12 adjacent to the goaf side and a coal pillar 13 adjacent to the stoping lane side along the bottom plate, so that the purpose of comprehensively controlling the deformation of the stoping lane is achieved.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solution of the invention, and not for limiting the same; the method is more suitable for the coal seam with better roof condition, the length of the anchor rod (cable) in the method is adjusted according to the actual geological condition on site, and the degree of the anchor cable penetrating into the floor area of the coal seam provided by the method is only an initial suggestion; aiming at the detailed implementation rules of the scheme, the technical scheme can be modified according to the actual situation, or part of technical characteristics can be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical methods.
Claims (1)
1. A method of deploying a pressure relief roadway along a floor along a roof roadway to control pucking, comprising the steps of:
1) determining the distance between a stoping roadway and a goaf coal pillar and the position of a pressure relief roadway in the coal pillar;
firstly, respectively calculating the size of a pressure relief lane and the horizontal distance between the pressure relief lane and a stoping lane by using formulas (1) to (5):
P＝LpγH (3)
in the formula: d is the minimum width of the pressure relief lane, m; b is the width of a stoping roadway, m; r is the excavation area of a stoping roadway, m 2; s is the area of the section of the stoping roadway protected by pressure relief, m 2; w is the shrinkage rate of the roadway without a pressure relief roadway; m is the height of a pressure relief roadway, and M; k is the coal pillar bearing coefficient, and 1.2 is taken;
is the formation movement angle; h is the depth of the buried position of the roadway, m; gamma is the average overburden volume force, kN/m 3; lu is the distance between the pressure relief lane and the goaf, and m; ln is the yielding coal pillar width m between the pressure relief roadway and the stoping roadway; lp is the width of the loading belt, m; p is the total load of the yielding coal pillar, kN; q is the ultimate compressive strength of the yielding coal pillar, and is MPa;
determining the coal pillar reserved width B of the stoping roadway from the goaf based on the widths of Lu, Ln and d: lu + Ln + d;
2) setting stoping roadways on two sides of a coal face, wherein the stoping roadways adopt rectangular sections and are tunneled along a coal seam roof;
3) anchor cables are arranged at the bottom corners of two sides of the stoping roadway and the center position of the bottom plate, the anchor cables are driven into the roadway bottom plate, the length of the anchor cables penetrating into the coal seam bottom plate area is at least 1/3 of the anchoring length of the anchor cables, and the two bottom corner anchor cables can be ensured to be intersected with the anchor rod in the middle of the bottom plate at the central point of the roadway in a reverse direction; in the areas of two sides and a top plate of the roadway, the support density of the roadway is reduced, the arranged anchor rods are vertical to the coal wall and the top plate, the oblique angle anchor rods are not arranged,
calculating the radius of the surrounding rock loosening zone of the mining roadway according to a formula (6):
in the formula: rp is the plastic zone radius of the loose circle of the surrounding rock, m; p is the roadway support strength, MPa; c is the cohesion of the coal body, MPa; phi is the internal friction angle of the coal body; a is the radius of a roadway circumscribed circle, m; p is the initial stress, MPa,
based on the formula (4), the maximum depth h of the damage area of the roadway floor surrounding rock loosening zone is determined to be Rp-1.5;
4) grouting anchor rods are arranged on a roadway bottom plate of the vertical stope, wherein the grouting area is not less than the maximum depth h of a surrounding rock loose circle molding area of the roadway bottom plate, which is Rp-1.5, and the anchor rods are arranged along the positions of the roadway bottom plates 1/4, 1/2 and 3/4 and perpendicular to the roadway bottom plate and enter a deep coal body stabilizing area of the bottom plate, and meanwhile, the anchor rod arranging depth of two sides of the roadway and the anchor rod arranging depth of a top plate area are not less than the maximum depth h of the surrounding rock loose circle molding area, which is Rp-1.5, so that the support density of common anchor rods of two sides of the roadway and common anchor rods of the top plate is ensured;
5) the pressure relief roadway is arranged along the coal seam bottom plate, the pressure relief roadway is arranged in the high stress area of the stoping roadway along the coal pillar side of the goaf direction in the horizontal direction, the pressure relief roadway is arranged on the coal seam bottom plate in the vertical direction, and the coal pillar is divided into a coal pillar adjacent to the goaf side and a coal pillar adjacent to the stoping roadway side along the bottom plate, so that the bottom heave deformation of the stoping roadway adjacent to the pressure relief roadway is reduced.
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| CN201811297498.7A CN109630171B (en) | 2018-11-01 | 2018-11-01 | Method for controlling floor heave by arranging pressure relief lane along bottom plate along top lane |
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| CN111636880B (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2022-02-01 | 重庆大学 | Method for controlling floor heave of open roadway based on pressure relief of chain arm saw cutting groove |
| CN114183139B (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2024-02-06 | 中煤科工开采研究院有限公司 | Control method and control device for influence of mining on working face |
| CN115929396B (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2023-08-22 | 太原科技大学 | Treatment device and method for tunnel floor heave |
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| CN102536282B (en) * | 2012-02-27 | 2013-10-16 | 西安科技大学 | Method for preventing and controlling bottom heaving disaster of mine stoping tunnel |
| CN103278055B (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2015-02-25 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Roof-cutting pressure relief method in hard-roof deep-hole pre-splitting blasting |
| CN104141496B (en) * | 2014-06-21 | 2016-06-01 | 西安科技大学 | A kind of rectangular shaped roadways failure and deformation of surrounding rocks control method |
| CN104018847B (en) * | 2014-06-21 | 2016-02-03 | 西安科技大学 | Based on distension prevention and controls at the bottom of the rectangular shaped roadways squeezing flow of beam on elastic foundation |
| CN104790991B (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2016-11-23 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of surrounding rock of actual mining roadway long top anchoring process by force |
| CN105909289B (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2017-12-29 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of asymmetric roadway support structure of deep three-soft seam |
| CN106014458B (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2018-06-05 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings anchor net abnormity canopy graded supporting technology |
| CN106014413B (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2018-04-06 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | The method for realizing the adjacent tunnel combined supporting of high seam gob side entry driving |
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