CN112593939A - Method for mining 'three lower' coal seam by replacing all coal pillars through gangue double filling - Google Patents
Method for mining 'three lower' coal seam by replacing all coal pillars through gangue double filling Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
- E21F15/005—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings characterised by the kind or composition of the backfilling material
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
- E21F15/02—Supporting means, e.g. shuttering, for filling-up materials
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种矸石双充填的全煤柱置换开采“三下”煤层的方法，涉及煤矿开采技术领域，解决了矸石处理和采空区充填的问题。该方法包括：确定工作面开采范围，布置回采巷道，并对回采巷道进行支护，支护后进行巷道支护强度校核；上区段回采巷道掘进时，在巷道内构筑矿柱，并在矿柱内预埋液压枕；随回采工作面推进形成采空区，利用矸石充填支架和矸石充填系统对采空区进行充填，还可以在回采工作面前方施工切顶卸压，并在超前回采工作面的位置布置超前液压支柱；工作面回采完成后采空区充填的矸石和矿柱同时支撑顶板，监测矿柱和围岩的稳定性，保证巷道支护强度。该方法能够有效的减少矿压显现，提高煤炭采出率，减少巷道掘进量，实现绿色开采。
The invention provides a method for mining "three lower" coal seams by double-filling full coal pillar replacement with gangue, relates to the technical field of coal mining, and solves the problems of gangue treatment and goaf filling. The method includes: determining the mining range of the working face, arranging the mining roadway, supporting the mining roadway, and checking the support strength of the roadway after the support; when the upper section of the mining roadway is excavated, ore pillars are constructed in the roadway, and Hydraulic pillows are pre-buried in the mine pillar; gobs are formed with the advancement of the mining face, and the goaf is filled with the gangue filling support and the gangue filling system. Advance hydraulic props are arranged at the working face; gangue and ore pillars filled in the gob after the mining face is completed support the roof at the same time, monitor the stability of the ore pillars and surrounding rock, and ensure the support strength of the roadway. The method can effectively reduce the appearance of mine pressure, improve the coal extraction rate, reduce the amount of roadway excavation, and realize green mining.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal mining, in particular to a method for mining a 'third lower' coal bed by replacing a gangue double-filling full coal pillar.
Background
Coal occupies an important position in energy utilization, along with the gradual increase of mining activities, the yield of gangue is increased sharply, the yield of the gangue generally accounts for about 15 percent of the total yield of the coal, and the gangue is discharged to the ground surface as solid waste and causes serious harm to land resources, water resources and biological resources. The gangue used as solid waste can not only cause the damage of the environment, but also occupy the transportation resources of the mine. In addition, a large amount of coal is mined from the underground to form a large-area mining area, which causes long-time and large-range rock stratum movement and surface subsidence, and particularly in third-coal mining, the formation of a goaf needs to be reduced and the rock stratum movement needs to be controlled. The adoption of gangue filling is favorable for reducing the environmental pressure, realizing the maximum development of resources and building a green and efficient coal mining system.
The filling mining is a good technology for balancing economic benefit and environmental benefit in coal production, and by filling the goaf in the mining process, rock stratum movement in the later mining period is controlled, so that goaf subsidence can be effectively reduced. When the underground coal mine is filled and mined, a great deal of solid materials are required, and the waste rock is used as a material for underground construction and is treated and utilized, so that the underground coal mine is the best choice for the waste rock not to go into the well. The underground waste filling treatment reduces the transportation cost of the waste and facilitates the centralized treatment of the waste, and on the other hand, the waste is used as a roof mine pressure bearing structure, so that the requirement on the total amount of coal pillars is reduced, and the extraction rate of coal is improved.
However, in the existing triple-bottom mining technology, the contradiction between waste filling and mining efficiency exists, and the contradiction between pillar-free mining and goaf sinking exists, so that a complete waste filling construction step needs to be formed on the premise of ensuring the supporting effect, the problem of application of waste filling equipment is solved, the filling and mining efficiency is improved, and the waste filling scale is enlarged. In addition, when filling mining is carried out, a large amount of concrete and other raw materials need to be provided for the underground, but the filling work is severely limited due to the fact that the low-efficiency gangue utilization is not matched with the high-level requirement of solid materials, and the development of mining of three coal seams is influenced due to the low-cost mining of coal.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of waste rock treatment and goaf filling in the third coal seam mining, effectively reduce the ore pressure display, improve the coal extraction rate, reduce the roadway excavation amount and realize green mining, the invention provides a method for mining the third coal seam by replacing all coal pillars through waste rock double filling, and the specific technical scheme is as follows.
A method for mining a 'under three' coal seam by replacing a gangue double-filled full coal pillar comprises the following steps:
A. determining the mining range of a working face, arranging a mining roadway, and excavating and supporting the mining roadway;
B. performing tunnel support strength check, constructing an ore pillar in a stoping tunnel while tunneling an upper-section stoping tunnel, and embedding a hydraulic ram in the ore pillar;
C. forming a goaf along with the advancing of the stope face of the upper section, filling the goaf by using a waste rock filling support and a waste rock filling system, and constructing, cutting the roof and releasing the pressure in front of the stope face;
D. after the stoping of the stoping working face of the upper section is finished, gangue and ore pillars filled in the goaf support the top plate at the same time, the stability of the ore pillars and the stoping roadway surrounding rock is monitored, and reinforcing support is carried out.
Preferably, the pillar is constructed by providing a framework mold and a filler, the filler being introduced into the framework mold, the mold having a grouting port.
It is also preferred that the roof of the pillar and the stoping roadway meet the floor, the pillar separating the stoping roadway into an upper section stoping roadway space and a lower section stoping roadway space.
It is further preferred that the filler comprises gangue, cement, water and fly ash, and the gangue, cement and fly ash are transported by a trackless rubber-tyred vehicle or a belt conveyor.
Further preferably, the filler is stirred by a mining concrete mixer and then is delivered into the framework die body by a concrete delivery pump; and a plurality of framework die bodies are arranged in the stoping roadway.
More preferably, a plurality of communication roadways are provided on the pillar.
It is further preferred that the width of the upper section stoping roadway space is less than the width of the lower section stoping roadway space.
It is further preferred that the lower section stoping roadway space serves both the upper section stoping face and the lower section stoping face.
It is further preferred that the advanced stope face is provided with an advanced hydraulic prop in the stope face roadway space of the upper section, and the advanced hydraulic prop is adjacent to the pillar.
Further preferably, the roof cutting pressure relief is dense drilling roof cutting pressure relief, hydraulic fracturing weakening roof cutting pressure relief or presplitting blasting roof cutting pressure relief.
The invention provides a method for mining a 'third lower' coal bed by replacing a gangue double-filled full coal pillar, which has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the mine pillar is constructed by utilizing the waste rock underground, and the goaf is filled by utilizing the waste rock, so that the shaft lifting of the waste rock is greatly reduced, the problem of the waste rock is solved, the underground waste rock resource is reasonably utilized, and in addition, the stoping roadway can serve two adjacent working faces by constructing the mine pillar, so that the tunneling workload of the roadway is reduced, the coal extraction rate is improved, and the stability of the surrounding rock of the roadway is ensured.
(2) The method is applied to the third coal seam mining, the ground surface subsidence can be reduced by waste filling, in addition, the safety and the stability of the roadway are ensured through roof cutting and pressure relief, and the roof hanging problem of a hard roof can be avoided; the monitoring of the stability of the ore pillar can be realized by pre-burying the hydraulic rams in the ore pillar, the ground surface settlement can be controlled by filling the waste rock in the goaf, the stress concentration of surrounding rocks of the roadway can be reduced, and the appearance of the ore pressure is reduced.
(3) The method can realize the exploitation without coal pillars, utilizes the gangue filling to replace all the coal pillars, and also combines the filling body to control the stability of the surrounding rock of the roadway, thereby reducing the loss of the coal pillars and improving the exploitation rate.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a mining roadway driving arrangement;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a face extraction and packing arrangement;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the arrangement of pillars in a stoping roadway;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a lower section face extraction arrangement;
in the figure: 1-tunneling head, 2-connecting roadway, 3-pillar, 4-roof cutting and pressure relief, 5-gangue filling support, A-upper section working face, B-lower section working face and C-track roadway.
Detailed Description
The specific embodiment of the method for mining the 'third lower' coal seam by the gangue double-filling full coal pillar replacement provided by the invention is as follows by combining with the drawings from 1 to 4.
The third coal seam mining refers to mining coal seams under surface water bodies, buildings and railways (roads), and corresponding recovery process technologies are adopted according to occurrence conditions of the ore deposits when the ore deposits are mined. The deformation of the earth surface is controlled within an allowable range. The problems of waste rock treatment, goaf filling and the like exist in the process of mining the third coal seam, and the method for mining the third coal seam by replacing the full coal pillar with double-filling of the waste rock is provided in order to effectively reduce the appearance of mine pressure, improve the coal mining rate, reduce the roadway excavation amount and realize green mining.
The method for mining the 'under three' coal seam by the gangue double-filling full coal pillar replacement comprises the following specific steps:
and A, determining the mining range of the working face, arranging a mining roadway, and excavating and supporting the mining roadway.
Taking the tunneling of a rail roadway as an example, the working face rail roadway is constructed by adopting a tunneling machine at the head of the tunneling, the construction tunneling is consistent with the conventional tunneling, the roadway is permanently supported after being formed, specifically, a complete set of high-performance anchor rod technology can be used for supporting the roadway, a prestressed anchor cable and the like can be arranged for carrying out comprehensive control on surrounding rocks of the roadway, and the support design of the anchor rod and the anchor cable, including the pretightening force of the anchor rod, the line spacing of the anchor rod and the anchor cable, the size parameter of a steel belt and the like, can be determined according to the actual geological conditions of a mine.
And B, checking the supporting strength of the roadway, constructing an ore pillar 3 in the stoping roadway while tunneling the stoping roadway of the upper section, and embedding a hydraulic sleeper in the ore pillar.
Checking the support strength of a support structure of a stoping roadway, specifically comprising theoretical calculation checking and numerical simulation calculation checking, and performing reinforcement support according to a checking result; and the construction parameters of the ore pillar, including the width of the ore pillar, the material strength and the like, can be determined according to the checking calculation result, and then the proportion of the filling materials can be determined according to the material strength.
Taking a track lane as an example, when the track lane C performs tunneling, the tunneling head 1 is delayed for a certain safety distance, the artificial ore pillars 3 are constructed, and a connecting lane 2 can be reserved in the middle of the ore pillars. The major structure of the pillar 3 can use disposable non-recycled materials, and the materials of the die body have the characteristics of water permeability and slurry impermeability, so that the rapid concrete forming can be ensured, and the bearing capacity is realized. In order to strengthen the bearing capacity of the ore pillar, the steel bars can be embedded in the ore pillar, or anchor bolt holes are reserved in the die body, the anchor rods are embedded in the opposite penetrating mode before filling operation, and supporting strength of the ore pillar is further guaranteed. According to the actual application situation, the filling material proportion in the mold body can be determined according to the concrete strength grade of the artificial ore pillar, and the raw materials mainly comprise gangue, cement, water, fly ash and other substances. When the artificial ore pillar mold body is filled, the waste rock is crushed to effective particle size underground, and then raw materials such as cement and coal ash and the waste rock are conveyed to a stock ground behind a filling pump through a trackless rubber-tyred vehicle or a rubber belt conveyor. And mixing all the raw materials by adopting a concrete mixer for the coal mine, and injecting the filler into the mold body of the artificial ore pillar through the grouting port by using a concrete delivery pump for the coal mine. The length of the artificial ore pillars and the length of the connecting roadway are designed in a matching mode according to specific production, and parameters of the ore pillars are specifically set according to the total length of a stoping roadway, the width of the roadway and the periodic pressure step distance. Meanwhile, the hydraulic pillows are pre-embedded in the construction process, so that the long-term stability of the artificial pillars is monitored.
After the excavation of the stoping roadway is finished, the construction of the artificial ore pillar is also finished, and at the moment, the track roadway C of the stoping working face A is divided into two parts by the artificial ore pillar according to the actual production requirement, and the two parts respectively serve the stoping working face A and the stoping working face B in different stoping periods. The artificial ore pillar firstly starts the solidification stage and then enters the strength increasing stage, and finally reaches the expected strength.
And C, forming a goaf along with the advancing of the stope face of the upper section, filling the goaf by using a waste rock filling support and a waste rock filling system, and constructing, cutting the roof and releasing the pressure 4 in front of the stope face.
When the stope face begins to carry out stope, a rear stope area is continuously enlarged, the refilling effect of caving crushed expanded gangue is limited, a considerable part of space is still reserved in a goaf, and the top plate is exposed and is in an unsupported state. The mine pressure is reduced, the possible safety threats such as rock burst and the like are prevented, and the waste filling mining is carried out on the goaf. The mining method adopts a waste rock filling support 5 with a filling function, materials such as waste rock, solid waste and the like are conveyed to a bottom-dump scraper conveyor of a support top beam through a coal mine conveying system, the filling materials are dumped to a mining area by the conveyor, and meanwhile, waste rock tamping equipment can be arranged on the support to accelerate compaction of the waste rock, so that an exposed top plate of a goaf can be better supported.
In order to enable the roadway to be in a good stress environment, the stability of the surrounding rock of the roadway needs to be controlled, and the top plate can be effectively controlled by filling the goaf. Under the special conditions of roof caving and imperfect gangue filling effect, roof cutting and pressure relief in front of a stoping working face during stoping can be considered, the stress concentration condition of surrounding rocks of a roadway is reduced, and mine pressure display disasters caused by periodic roof hanging collapse are reduced. The top cutting adopts the modes of dense drilling top cutting pressure relief, hydraulic fracturing weakening top cutting, presplitting blasting top cutting pressure relief and the like.
And D, after the stoping of the stoping working face of the upper section is finished, simultaneously supporting a top plate by the gangue and the ore pillars filled in the goaf, monitoring the stability of the ore pillars and the stoping roadway surrounding rock, and performing reinforcing support.
After the stope face A finishes stoping, the goaf is completely filled, the filling body bears part of roof pressure, roof cutting and pressure relief are combined, and the stability of the artificial ore pillar is guaranteed. Meanwhile, the artificial pillars isolate the goaf of the stope face A from the lower section working face, and prevent gas and harmful substances in the goaf from expanding outwards. Compared with the reserved protective coal pillar, the artificial ore pillar not only plays a role in bearing the stress of the overlying strata and keeping the stability of the roadway, but also isolates the two working faces from each other and has better anti-interference performance.
In the process of stoping, the stoping face B is influenced by secondary mining, so that the deformation of surrounding rocks of the roadway, the loosening ring of the surrounding rocks, the stress characteristics of the anchor rods and the anchor cables and the stability of the artificial ore pillars need to be continuously observed. When higher requirements are met on the support strength, certain reinforcement measures can be adopted, such as construction of common anchor cables or grouting anchor cables, and the stability of the roadway is further kept. When the grouting anchor cable is constructed, firstly, a drilling machine is used for drilling anchor cable holes, then the anchor cable is installed, a high-pressure pump is used for grouting operation, grout is diffused in cracks inside the surrounding rock, and finally the surrounding rock is cemented into a complete bearing body. The construction grouting anchor cable also improves the surrounding rock occurrence environment.
The method aims at utilizing a large amount of waste rock generated by tunneling, the waste rock is filled in the goaf to support the roof, so that the ore pressure display is reduced, the waste rock is used for pre-building the artificial ore pillar, the designed support strength can be achieved in advance, the artificial ore pillar is established by combining roof cutting and pressure relief to control the stability of surrounding rocks of the roadway, and under the condition of no coal pillar reserved, the upper section track roadway is reserved for the lower section, so that the coal mining rate is improved, the tunneling workload and the waste rock transportation capacity are reduced, the problem of insufficient mining and replacement is solved, meanwhile, the ground settlement can be well controlled, the environmental damage is reduced, and the green development is promoted.
In addition, the construction of the ore pillar 3 comprises the arrangement of a framework mold body and fillers, the fillers are filled and guided into the framework mold body, a grouting opening is formed in the mold body, so that grouting construction is facilitated, and the use of a stoping roadway cannot be influenced in the construction process. The top plates of the ore pillars and the stoping roadway are connected with the bottom plate, and the ore pillars divide the stoping roadway into an upper section stoping roadway space and a lower section stoping roadway space; in addition, groove parts can be arranged on a roadway top plate and a bottom plate, the upper edge and the lower edge of the framework die body are fixed with the top plate and the bottom plate of a stoping roadway at the same time, and therefore the stability of the ore pillars is further not guaranteed. The filling materials comprise gangue, cement, water and fly ash, and the gangue, the cement and the fly ash are transported by a trackless rubber-tyred vehicle or a belt conveyor. After the fillers are stirred by the mining concrete mixer, the fillers are conveyed into the framework die body through the concrete conveying pump, so that the construction efficiency of the ore pillar can be greatly improved, and other constructions cannot be influenced. A plurality of framework die bodies are arranged in the mining roadway and can be filled respectively. A plurality of partition plates can be arranged in the framework mold body, so that segmented grouting can be realized, the whole solidification of fillers can be ensured, and the strength of an ore pillar can be ensured
A plurality of connection lanes 2 are reserved on the ore pillars 3, and the lane spaces on two sides of the ore pillars can be shared through the connection lanes 2, so that the lane section is equivalently enlarged. The lower-section stoping roadway space serves an upper-section stoping working face and a lower-section stoping working face, wherein the lower-section stoping roadway space can transport the pillar construction materials during the tunneling period, so that the tunneling work and the arrangement of the working face of the upper-section working face cannot be influenced; the lower section stoping roadway space can be used as a transportation roadway of equipment such as a ventilation roadway and a transformer substation during stoping of the upper section working face, and the upper section stoping roadway space can convey coal through a belt conveyor.
The width of the upper section mining roadway space is smaller than that of the lower section mining roadway space. The rotary deformation of the overlying suspended top beam of the stoping roadway and the overlying pressure of the suspended rock stratum can increase the load of ore pillars, so that the method can reasonably control the ratio of the width of the roadway on one side of the upper section to the width of the roadway on one side of the lower section, and reduce the width of the roadway on one side of the working surface of the upper section as much as possible, so that the top plate on one side of the upper section is easier to collapse. The length and the thickness of the cantilever beam can be reduced by matching with a presplitting slot method under the condition of a hard top plate, so that the load transfer proportion of an overlying rock layer is reduced, the mining load added value of a roadway protection wall body can be reduced, and the surrounding rock of a stoping roadway space between an ore pillar and a lower section working face is kept stable and is not greatly deformed.
The advanced stope face is provided with an advanced hydraulic prop in the stope face roadway space of the upper section, the advanced hydraulic prop is adjacent to the ore pillar, the deformation of the surrounding rock of the roadway is further controlled, and the stability of the ore pillar is guaranteed. In addition, the roof cutting pressure relief is particularly dense drilling roof cutting pressure relief, hydraulic fracturing weakening roof cutting pressure relief, presplitting blasting roof cutting pressure relief and the like.
The method can construct the ore pillars by underground waste rock, and fill the goaf by the waste rock, thereby greatly reducing the rising of the waste rock, solving the problem of the waste rock, reasonably utilizing underground waste rock resources, and enabling the stoping roadway to serve two adjacent working faces by constructing the ore pillars, thereby reducing the tunneling workload of the roadway, improving the coal extraction rate and ensuring the stability of the surrounding rock of the roadway.
In the third coal seam mining, the waste rock filling can reduce the ground surface subsidence, in addition, the safety and the stability of the roadway are ensured through roof cutting and pressure relief, and the roof hanging problem of a hard roof can be avoided; the monitoring of the stability of the ore pillar can be realized by pre-burying the hydraulic rams in the ore pillar, the ground surface settlement can be controlled by filling the waste rock in the goaf, the stress concentration of surrounding rocks of the roadway can be reduced, and the appearance of the ore pressure is reduced. The method can realize the exploitation without coal pillars, utilizes the gangue filling to replace all the coal pillars, and also combines the filling body to control the stability of the surrounding rock of the roadway, thereby reducing the loss of the coal pillars and improving the exploitation rate.
It is to be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art may make modifications, alterations, additions or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for mining a 'under three' coal seam by replacing a gangue double-filled full coal pillar is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. determining the mining range of a working face, arranging a mining roadway, and excavating and supporting the mining roadway;
B. performing tunnel support strength check, constructing an ore pillar in a stoping tunnel while tunneling an upper-section stoping tunnel, and embedding a hydraulic ram in the ore pillar;
C. forming a goaf along with the advancing of the stope face of the upper section, filling the goaf by using a waste rock filling support and a waste rock filling system, and constructing, cutting the roof and releasing the pressure in front of the stope face;
D. after the stoping of the stoping working face of the upper section is finished, gangue and ore pillars filled in the goaf support the top plate at the same time, the stability of the ore pillars and the stoping roadway surrounding rock is monitored, and reinforcing support is carried out.
2. The method for mining the 'under three' coal seam by the gangue double-filling full-coal-pillar replacement according to claim 1, wherein the construction of the ore pillar comprises the arrangement of a framework mold body and filling materials, the filling materials are filled and guided into the framework mold body, and the mold body is provided with a grouting port.
3. The method for mining the 'three lower' coal bed by the gangue double-filling full-coal-pillar replacement according to the claim 2, wherein the top plates and the bottom plates of the ore pillars and the stoping roadway are connected, and the ore pillars divide the stoping roadway into an upper-section stoping roadway space and a lower-section stoping roadway space.
4. The method for mining the 'under three' coal seam by the full coal pillar displacement of the gangue double filling of claim 2 or 3, wherein the filling comprises gangue, cement, water and fly ash, and the gangue, cement and fly ash are transported by a trackless rubber-tyred vehicle or a belt conveyor.
5. The method for mining the 'under three' coal seam by the replacement of the all coal pillar filled with the gangue as the claim 4, wherein the filling is stirred by a mining concrete mixer and then is sent into a framework die body through a concrete delivery pump; and a plurality of framework die bodies are arranged in the stoping roadway.
6. The method for mining 'under three' coal seams by replacing all pillars filled with gangue according to claim 5, wherein a plurality of connecting roadways are reserved on the pillars.
7. The method for mining the 'three lower' coal seam through the gangue double-filling all-coal-pillar replacement according to claim 6, wherein the width of the upper-section mining roadway space is smaller than that of the lower-section mining roadway space.
8. The method of mining a "lower three" coal seam with gangue double-packed full coal column displacement of claim 7 wherein the lower mining roadway space serves an upper mining face and a lower mining face.
9. The method for mining the 'under three' coal seam by the gangue double-filling full-coal-column displacement according to the claim 1, wherein the advanced stope is provided with an advanced hydraulic prop in a roadway space of the upper-section stope, and the advanced hydraulic prop is adjacent to the ore pillar.
10. The method for mining the 'under three' coal seam by the gangue double-filling all-coal-pillar displacement according to claim 1, wherein the roof cutting pressure relief is dense drilling roof cutting pressure relief, hydraulic fracturing weakening roof cutting pressure relief or presplitting blasting roof cutting pressure relief.
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| CN114215592A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-22 | 中国矿业大学 | A green mining method filled with gangue and ultra-high water material in long-wall working face |
| CN114575843A (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2022-06-03 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | A mining method for recovering the coal pillar working face of large roadway with shallow buried thin bedrock |
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