CN106014458B - A kind of high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings anchor net abnormity canopy graded supporting technology - Google Patents
A kind of high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings anchor net abnormity canopy graded supporting technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN106014458B CN106014458B CN201610491679.8A CN201610491679A CN106014458B CN 106014458 B CN106014458 B CN 106014458B CN 201610491679 A CN201610491679 A CN 201610491679A CN 106014458 B CN106014458 B CN 106014458B
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- rock stratum
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- active workings
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- drift active
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/15—Plate linings; Laggings, i.e. linings designed for holding back formation material or for transmitting the load to main supporting members
- E21D11/152—Laggings made of grids or nettings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/15—Plate linings; Laggings, i.e. linings designed for holding back formation material or for transmitting the load to main supporting members
- E21D11/155—Laggings made of strips, slats, slabs or sheet piles
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings anchor net abnormity canopy graded supporting technology, comprises the following steps：It is regular pentagonal to design high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings section, and stope drift active workings are arranged along rock stratum roof plate, and 90 ° of rock stratum roof plate and roof angle tunnel stope drift active workings by design section size；With rock stratum roof plate using anchor pole, anchor cable complexed metal net, steel bar ladder supporting, roof uses 11 with high side for low side#I-steel abnormity canopy complexed metal net, backboard supporting；Backplate is connected on roof upper beam to be connected with anchor net by the fastening of rock stratum roof plate top anchor pole, special-shaped canopy upper beam and underbeam weld wedge mount by upper beam and are fixedly connected with underbeam welding U-shaped card slot, and underbeam inferior horn using anchor pole passes through pull rod digs a pit, hole, etc. down to bury and be fixed with bottom plate；Anchor pole array pitch is identical with special-shaped canopy array pitch, and array pitch is bolt interval twice between anchor cable, and is put in five figured cloths；Stope drift active workings and supporting are tunneled successively, complete construction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of roadway surrounding rock control technologies, belong to geotechnical engineering anchoring support field more particularly to ground
Lower mining steeply dipping coal seam stope drift active workings support technology.
Background technology
Large-inclination-angle coal bed to refer to seam inclination in 35~55 ° of coal seams, in China western part, preservation is more large-inclination-angle coal bed, due to
Superior seam mining is exhausted, and mining steeply dipping coal seam starts to come into the visual field of people.It is but large-inclination-angle coal bed since back is
Inclined roof panels, and situations such as rectangular cross section digging laneway is present with top plate integrity violations and more soft coal body inbreak, tunnel
It is not easy driving and supporting is difficult, often result in the broken and unstability of roof rock mass, coal body, give high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings
Stability control brings challenge.With the progress of large-inclination-angle coal bed stope drift active workings support technology, to ensure stope drift active workings top plate
Premised on integrality, realize that the support technology of stope drift active workings top plate adaptivity is developed, in former quadrangle rectangle back production
Successively occur quadrangle, pentagon section stope drift active workings on the basis of drift section, but due to the soft coal mass strength of high inclination-angle
Relatively low, suspension roof support is difficult to form effective bearing structure, often results in soft coal body exposure area suspension roof support effect failure, single
Bolting with wire mesh is difficult to realize the stabilization of high inclination-angle extremely soft seam surrounding rock of actual mining roadway.
The present invention is according to stope drift active workings complete rock stratum roof plate anchor pole active supports, extremely soft seam top plate frame canopy passive protecting
Thought, proposes a kind of high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings anchor net abnormity canopy graded supporting technology, and design stope drift active workings section is
Regular pentagonal section, the low side of stope drift active workings with rock stratum roof plate using basic bolting with wire mesh, with coal seam push up by stope drift active workings high side
Plate uses 11#I-steel abnormity canopy supporting makes low side, the basic bolting with wire mesh of top plate and high side, roof abnormity canopy supporting shape
Integral supporting construction not only reduces support cost, and promotes adjoining rock stability.
The content of the invention
The present invention is based on high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings roof, the basic bolting with wire mesh of high side to be difficult to form anchoring
Supporting body and single shed shoring deficiency of high cost propose a kind of high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings anchor net abnormity canopy by several times
Support technology, it is intended to solve high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings roof, the easy inbreak of high side and basic bolting with wire mesh and be not easy
Form the problem of effective anchoring carrying body.According to coal body, rock falling adaptation theory, stope drift active workings are realized using section
90 ° of rock stratum roof plate and roof angle, low side are used with rock stratum roof plate using basic bolting with wire mesh, high side and roof
11#I-steel abnormity canopy supporting, and basic bolting with wire mesh is linked to be entirety with special-shaped canopy supporting, to realize that high inclination-angle extremely soft seam returns
Adopt roadway surrounding rock stabilization.
To solve the above problems, a kind of high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings anchor net abnormity canopy graded supporting skill of the present invention
Art adopts the technical scheme that：High inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings section is designed as regular pentagonal, stope drift active workings edge
Rock stratum roof plate arranges that 90 ° of rock stratum roof plate and roof angle tunnel stope drift active workings by design section size；Low side and rock stratum
Top plate uses basic bolting with wire mesh, and low side is single anchor pole complexed metal net, steel bar ladder supporting, and rock stratum roof plate is anchor pole, anchor cable
Complexed metal net and steel bar ladder supporting, roof use 11 with high side#I-steel abnormity canopy complexed metal net, backboard supporting；
It connects backplate on roof upper beam to be connected with anchor net by the fastening of rock stratum roof plate top anchor pole, special-shaped canopy upper beam and underbeam
Wedge mount is welded by upper beam to be fixedly connected with underbeam welding card slot, underbeam inferior horn passes through pull rod using anchor pole and beats with bottom plate
It buries and is fixed under hole；Anchor pole array pitch is identical with special-shaped canopy array pitch, and array pitch is bolt interval twice between rock stratum roof plate anchor cable, and
It is put in five figured cloths；Stope drift active workings driving and supporting are carried out successively, complete construction.
The technology mainly includes the following steps that：
Step 1, design high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings section configuration are regular pentagonal, and stope drift active workings are along rock
90 ° of layer top plate arrangement, rock stratum roof plate and roof angle, stope drift active workings section size meet using function, by design back production
Drift section size tunnels stope drift active workings；
Step 2, using 11#I-steel makes upper beam, underbeam and the wedge mount of special-shaped canopy, and wedge mount is welded in upper beam lower end,
The U-shaped card slot that underbeam upper end welding steel makes, the rectangle connection backplate that upper beam upper end steel plate for welding makes, and under upper beam
End, U-shaped card slot open up circular hole with being connected backplate；
Step 3, after high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings tunnel, roof carries out gib using forestope, protects
It is complete to demonstrate,prove roof, basic bolting with wire mesh is carried out to rock stratum roof plate, rock stratum roof plate arranges five anchor poles, and four, top anchor pole hangs down
It is directly arranged in rock stratum roof plate, 70 ° of the anchor pole of lower part one and rock stratum roof plate angle, bolt interval is equal, rock stratum roof plate arrangement two
Root anchor cable, and put in five figured cloths, array pitch is bolt interval twice between anchor cable, a piece horizontal direction anchor pole of low side arrangement, low side
Anchor pole array pitch is equal with rock stratum roof plate anchor pole array pitch；
Step 4 anchors the inner end of low side anchor pole and rock stratum roof plate anchor pole, anchor cable, along rock stratum roof plate and low side coal wall
Metal mesh is hung, metal mesh overlap joint installs steel bar ladder, from rock stratum not less than 100mm in the metal wire side of rock stratum roof plate and low side
Downward second anchor pole of top plate rises applies pretightning force to anchor pole, anchor cable respectively；
Step 5 is removed for the forestope of gib roof, excavates to bury in high side lower raft rock stratum
The posthole of beam lower end is set, roof, high side are gone out to show up and hang metal mesh, underbeam lower end is put into posthole branch and sets
Beam；
Step 6 in the U-shaped card slot that upper beam lower end is put into underbeam upper end, makes the circular hole of upper beam lower end and underbeam upper end
Circular hole aligns in U-shaped card slot, and is fastened using bolt, and the wedge mount of upper beam lower end is made to be stuck in underbeam upper end, the connection of upper beam upper end
Backplate is contacted with rock stratum roof plate wall surface, and connection backplate circular hole is inserted in rock stratum roof plate top anchor pole exposed end portion, in anchor pole exposed junction
Supporting plate and nut are installed successively and fastened, completes the connection of special-shaped canopy and basic anchor net；
Step 7 sets up backboard between upper beam, underbeam metal mesh, and fills tight, the installation connection drawing between underbeam lower part
Bar, and FLOOR ANCHOR fastening is installed in circular hole in the middle part of the connecting rod, packing posthole fixes underbeam lower end；
Step 8 carries out driving and the supporting of high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings, completes construction successively.
Further, in step 3, anchor pole is made of left hand thread steel, diameter 20mm, length 2400mm, and anchor cable uses
Seven strands of steel strand manufacturings, diameter 19.8mm, length 6500mm.
Further, in step 4, metal mesh is diamond shape wire netting, and steel bar ladder is by 16#Round steel makes, and bolt pretension is not
Less than 60kN, anchor cable pretightning force is not less than 150kN.
Further, in step 5, it is identical that metal mesh specification and rock stratum roof plate, low side hang metal mesh specification, underbeam with
Bottom plate is in 90 °.
Further, in step 7, backboard is made of pin, and pull rod is made of steel plate.
The advantages of the present invention are：High inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings section design is non-rule by the present invention
It then pentagon and is arranged along rock stratum roof plate, once supporting stope drift active workings use two kinds of support patterns, i.e.,：Low side is adopted with rock stratum roof plate
With basic bolting with wire mesh, roof and high side using special-shaped canopy supporting, and make basic bolting with wire mesh and special-shaped canopy supporting shape
Integrally, support cost is reduced, promotes adjoining rock stability.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is to realize a kind of high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings anchor net abnormity canopy graded supporting technology signal of the present invention
Figure.
Fig. 2 is the bolting with wire mesh area supporting schematic diagram of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the special-shaped canopy supporting area supporting schematic diagram of Fig. 1.
In figure：1 is anchor cable；2 be rock stratum roof plate；3 be anchor pole；4 be connection backplate；5 be roof；6 be backboard；7 are
Upper beam；8 be wedge mount；9 be U-shaped card slot；10 be stope drift active workings；11 be underbeam；12 be metal mesh；13 be pull rod.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings with example to this
Invention is described in further detail.
The present invention provides a kind of high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings anchor net abnormity canopy graded supporting technologies.
As shown in Figures 1 to 3, specific embodiment of the invention includes the following steps：
Step 1,10 section configuration of design high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings are regular pentagonal, stope drift active workings 10
It is arranged along rock stratum roof plate 2,90 ° of rock stratum roof plate 2 and 5 angle of roof, 10 section size of stope drift active workings meet using function, presses
Design 10 cross dimensions of stope drift active workings driving stope drift active workings 10；
Step 2, using 11#I-steel makes the upper beam 7, underbeam 11 and wedge mount 8 of special-shaped canopy, 7 lower end of upper beam welding wedge
Shape seat 8, the U-shaped card slot 9 that 11 upper end welding steel of underbeam makes, the rectangle connection backplate that 7 upper end steel plate for welding of upper beam makes
4, and 7 lower end of upper beam, U-shaped card slot 9 open up circular hole with being connected backplate 4；
Step 3, after high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings 10 tunnel, roof 5 is propped up temporarily using forestope
Shield ensures that roof 5 is complete, and basic bolting with wire mesh is carried out to rock stratum roof plate 2, and rock stratum roof plate 2 arranges five anchor poles 3, top
Four anchor poles 3 arrange that 70 ° of the anchor pole 3 of lower part one and 2 angle of rock stratum roof plate, 3 array pitch of anchor pole are equal perpendicular to rock stratum roof plate 2,
Rock stratum roof plate 2 arranges two anchor cables 1, and is put in five figured cloths, and 1 array pitch of anchor cable is twice of the array pitch of anchor pole 3, low side arrangement one
Horizontal direction anchor pole 3, low side 3 array pitch of anchor pole are equal with rock stratum roof plate 2 anchor pole, 3 array pitch；
Step 4 anchors the inner end of low side anchor pole 3 and 2 anchor pole 3 of rock stratum roof plate, anchor cable 1, along rock stratum roof plate 2 with it is low
Side coal wall hangs metal mesh 12, and the overlap joint of metal mesh 12 is installed not less than 100mm in 12 face of metal mesh of rock stratum roof plate 2 and low side
Steel bar ladder applies pretightning force to anchor pole 3, anchor cable 1 respectively from 2 downward second anchor poles 3 of rock stratum roof plate；
Step 5 is removed for the forestope of gib roof 5, excavates to bury in high side lower raft rock stratum
The posthole of 11 lower end of beam is set, roof 5, high side are gone out to show up and hang metal mesh 12, puts 11 lower end of underbeam into posthole
Install underbeam 11；
Step 6 in the U-shaped card slot 9 that 7 lower end of upper beam is put into 11 upper end of underbeam, makes the circular hole and underbeam of 7 lower end of upper beam
Circular hole aligns in the U-shaped card slot 9 of 11 upper ends, and is fastened using bolt, and the wedge mount 8 of 7 lower end of upper beam is made to be stuck in 11 upper end of underbeam,
7 upper end of upper beam connection backplate 4 is contacted with 2 wall surface of rock stratum roof plate, and it is exposed that connection 4 circular hole of backplate is inserted in 2 top anchor pole 3 of rock stratum roof plate
End is installed supporting plate and nut in 3 exposed junction of anchor pole and is fastened successively, completes the connection of special-shaped canopy and basic anchor net；
Step 7 sets up backboard 6 between upper beam 7, underbeam 11 and metal mesh 12, and fills tightly, between 11 lower part of underbeam
Connecting rod 13 is installed, and FLOOR ANCHOR 3 is installed in 13 middle part circular hole of connecting rod and is fastened, packing posthole is to fix underbeam 11
Lower end；
Step 8 carries out driving and the supporting of high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings 10, completes construction successively.
Further, in step 3, anchor pole 3 is made of left hand thread steel, and diameter 20mm, length 2400mm, anchor cable 1 are adopted
With seven strands of steel strand manufacturings, diameter 19.8mm, length 6500mm.
Further, in step 4, metal mesh 12 is diamond shape wire netting, and steel bar ladder is by 16#Round steel makes, and anchor pole 3 pre-tightens
Power is not less than 60kN, and 1 pretightning force of anchor cable is not less than 150kN.
Further, in step 5, it is identical that 12 specification of metal mesh and rock stratum roof plate, low side hang 12 specification of metal mesh, under
Beam is in 90 ° with bottom plate.
Further, in step 7, backboard 6 is made of pin, and pull rod 13 is made of steel plate.
The present invention is not limited solely to the description of present embodiment, and that is made within the spirit and principles of the invention appoints
What modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements etc., should all contain within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
- A kind of 1. high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings anchor net abnormity canopy graded supporting method, which is characterized in that including following step Suddenly：Step 1, design high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings section configuration is regular pentagonal, and stope drift active workings are pushed up along rock stratum Plate arranges that 90 ° of rock stratum roof plate and roof angle, stope drift active workings section size meet using function, by design stope drift active workings Cross dimensions tunnels stope drift active workings；Step 2, using 11#I-steel makes upper beam, underbeam and the wedge mount of special-shaped canopy, upper beam lower end welding wedge mount, underbeam The U-shaped card slot that upper end welding steel makes, the rectangle connection backplate that upper beam upper end steel plate for welding makes, and upper beam lower end, U-shaped Card slot opens up circular hole with being connected backplate；Step 3, after high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings tunnel, roof carries out gib using forestope, ensures coal Layer top plate is complete, carries out basic bolting with wire mesh to rock stratum roof plate, and rock stratum roof plate arranges five anchor poles, four, top anchor pole perpendicular to Rock stratum roof plate arranges that 70 ° of the anchor pole of lower part one and rock stratum roof plate angle, bolt interval is equal, and rock stratum roof plate arranges two anchors Rope, and put in five figured cloths, array pitch is bolt interval twice between anchor cable, a piece horizontal direction anchor pole of low side arrangement, low side anchor pole Array pitch is equal with rock stratum roof plate anchor pole array pitch；Step 4 anchors the inner end of low side anchor pole and rock stratum roof plate anchor pole, anchor cable, is hung along rock stratum roof plate and low side coal wall Metal mesh, metal mesh overlap joint install steel bar ladder, from rock stratum roof plate not less than 100mm in the metal wire side of rock stratum roof plate and low side Downward second anchor pole rises applies pretightning force to anchor pole, anchor cable respectively；Step 5 is removed for the forestope of gib roof, under being excavated in high side lower raft rock stratum for burying The posthole of beam lower end goes out to show up and hangs metal mesh to roof, high side, and putting underbeam lower end into posthole installs underbeam；Step 6 in the U-shaped card slot that upper beam lower end is put into underbeam upper end, makes the circular hole of upper beam lower end and the U-shaped of underbeam upper end Circular hole aligns on card slot, and is fastened using bolt, and the wedge mount of upper beam lower end is made to be stuck in underbeam upper end, upper beam upper end connection backplate It is contacted with rock stratum roof plate wall surface, connection backplate circular hole is inserted in rock stratum roof plate top anchor pole exposed end portion, in anchor pole exposed junction successively Installation supporting plate and nut is simultaneously fastened, and completes the connection of special-shaped canopy and basic anchor net；Step 7 sets up backboard between upper beam, underbeam metal mesh, and fills tightly, and connecting rod is installed between underbeam lower part, and FLOOR ANCHOR fastening is installed, packing posthole fixes underbeam lower end in the middle part of the connecting rod in circular hole；Step 8 carries out driving and the supporting of high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings, completes construction successively.
- 2. a kind of high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings anchor net abnormity canopy graded supporting method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that, in step 3, anchor pole is made of left hand thread steel, diameter 20mm, length 2400mm, and anchor cable uses seven strands of steel Twisted wire makes, diameter 19.8mm, length 6500mm.
- 3. a kind of high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings anchor net abnormity canopy graded supporting method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that, in step 4, metal mesh is diamond shape wire netting, and steel bar ladder is by 16#Round steel makes, and bolt pretension is not less than 60kN, anchor cable pretightning force are not less than 150kN.
- 4. a kind of high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings anchor net abnormity canopy graded supporting method according to claim 1, Be characterized in that, in step 5, it is identical that metal mesh specification and rock stratum roof plate, low side hang metal mesh specification, underbeam and bottom plate into 90°。
- 5. a kind of high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings anchor net abnormity canopy graded supporting method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that, in step 7, backboard is made of pin, and pull rod is made of steel plate.
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| CN106930779B (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2019-07-30 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of special-shaped canopy method for protecting support of the micro- arch of high-dipping three soft coal layer re-exploration laneway battered leg |
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| CN114718594B (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2023-03-28 | 中国矿业大学 | Slow-inclination loose coal seam roadway roof and two-side anchoring structure and construction method |
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