CN106014458A - Large-dip extremely-soft coal seam mining roadway anchor net special-shaped shed graded supporting technique - Google Patents
Large-dip extremely-soft coal seam mining roadway anchor net special-shaped shed graded supporting technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN106014458A CN106014458A CN201610491679.8A CN201610491679A CN106014458A CN 106014458 A CN106014458 A CN 106014458A CN 201610491679 A CN201610491679 A CN 201610491679A CN 106014458 A CN106014458 A CN 106014458A
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title abstract description 18
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000003245 working effect Effects 0.000 claims description 53
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/15—Plate linings; Laggings, i.e. linings designed for holding back formation material or for transmitting the load to main supporting members
- E21D11/152—Laggings made of grids or nettings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/15—Plate linings; Laggings, i.e. linings designed for holding back formation material or for transmitting the load to main supporting members
- E21D11/155—Laggings made of strips, slats, slabs or sheet piles
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a large-dip extremely-soft coal seam mining roadway anchor net special-shaped shed graded supporting technique. The technique comprises the following steps that the fracture surface of a large-dip extremely-soft coal seam mining roadway is designed to be in the shape of an irregular pentagon, the mining roadway is arranged along a rock stratum top plate, the included angle between the rock stratum top plate and a coal seam top plate is 90 degrees, and the mining roadway is tunneled according to the designed fracture surface size; a low layer and the rock stratum top plate are supported by anchor rods and anchor cables which cooperate with a metal net and a steel bar ladder, and the coal seam top plate and a high layer are supported by adopting 11# I-shaped steel special-shaped sheds to cooperate with the metal net and a back plate; a protection board connected to an upper beam of the coal seam top plate and an anchor net are connected into a whole through the fastening effect of the anchor rods arranged on the upper portion of the rock stratum top plate, upper beams and lower beams of the special-shaped sheds are fixedly connected through upper beam welding wedge-shaped seats and lower beam welding U-shaped clamping grooves, and the lower corners of the lower beams are fixed in the mode that the anchor rods penetrate through pull rods to be buried with a bottom board by digging pits; the array pitch of the anchor rods is the same as that of the special-shaped sheds, the array pitch of the anchor cables is two times of that of the anchor rods, and the anchor rods are arranged in a pentagonal mode; mining roadway tunneling and supporting are sequentially conducted, and then construction is completed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of roadway surrounding rock control technology, belong to Geotechnical Engineering anchoring support field, refer more particularly to underground mining steeply dipping coal seam stope drift active workings support technology.
Background technology
Large-inclination-angle coal bed referring to that seam inclination, in 35~55 ° of coal seams, is composed in China western part and deposited more large-inclination-angle coal bed, owing to superior seam mining is exhausted, mining steeply dipping coal seam starts to come into the visual field of people.But large-inclination-angle coal bed due to back be inclined roof panels, and rectangular cross section digging laneway there will be top board integrity violations and the situation such as soft coal body inbreak is more, tunnel is difficult to driving and supporting difficulty, often result in the broken and unstability of roof rock mass, coal body, control to bring challenge to high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings stability.Progress along with large-inclination-angle coal bed stope drift active workings support technology, premised on ensureing stope drift active workings top board integrity, the support technology realizing stope drift active workings top board adaptivity is developed, successively tetragon, pentagon section stope drift active workings are occurred in that on the basis of former tetragon rectangle stope drift active workings section, but owing to the soft coal mass strength of high inclination-angle is relatively low, suspension roof support is difficult to be formed and effectively carries structure, often resulting in the suspension roof support effect of soft coal body exposure district to lose efficacy, single bolting with wire mesh is difficult to stablizing of high inclination-angle extremely soft seam surrounding rock of actual mining roadway.
The present invention is according to stope drift active workings complete rock stratum roof plate anchor pole active support, the thought of extremely soft seam top board frame canopy passive protecting, a kind of high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings anchor net abnormity canopy graded supporting technology is proposed, design stope drift active workings section is regular pentagonal section, the low side of stope drift active workings and rock stratum roof plate use basic bolting with wire mesh, stope drift active workings high side to use 11 with roof#I-steel abnormity canopy supporting, makes the basic bolting with wire mesh of low side, top board form integer support structure with high side, roof abnormity canopy supporting, not only reduces support cost, and promote adjoining rock stability.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is difficult to be formed anchoring carrying body and the high deficiency of single shed shoring cost based on high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings roof, the basic bolting with wire mesh of high side, a kind of high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings anchor net abnormity canopy graded supporting technology is proposed, it is intended to solve high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings roof, the easy inbreak of high side and basic bolting with wire mesh and be difficult to be formed a difficult problem for effective anchoring carrying body.According to coal body, rock falling adaptation theory, using section to realize stope drift active workings rock stratum roof plate and roof angle 90 °, low side and rock stratum roof plate use basic bolting with wire mesh, high side to use 11 with roof#I-steel abnormity canopy supporting, and bolting with wire mesh is linked to be entirety with abnormity canopy supporting substantially, stable to realize high inclination-angle extremely soft seam surrounding rock of actual mining roadway.
For solving the problems referred to above, one high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings anchor net abnormity canopy graded supporting technology of the present invention, it adopts the technical scheme that: design high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings section is regular pentagonal, stope drift active workings are arranged along rock stratum roof plate, rock stratum roof plate and roof angle 90 °, tunnel stope drift active workings by design section size;Low side uses basic bolting with wire mesh with rock stratum roof plate, and low side is single anchor pole complexed metal net, steel bar ladder supporting, and rock stratum roof plate is anchor pole, anchor cable complexed metal net and steel bar ladder supporting, and roof uses 11 with high side#I-steel abnormity canopy complexed metal net, backboard supporting;Connect backplate on roof upper beam to be connected with anchor net by the fastening of rock stratum roof plate top anchor pole, abnormity canopy upper beam and underbeam weld wedge mount by upper beam and weld draw-in groove with underbeam and be fixedly connected, and underbeam inferior horn employing anchor pole passes through pull bar and digs a pit, hole, etc. down to bury with base plate and be fixed;Anchor pole array pitch is identical with abnormity canopy array pitch, and between rock stratum roof plate anchor cable, array pitch is bolt interval twice, and puts in five figured cloths;Carry out stope drift active workings driving and supporting successively, complete construction.
This technology mainly comprises the steps that
Step one, design high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings section configuration is regular pentagonal, and stope drift active workings are arranged along rock stratum roof plate, rock stratum roof plate and roof angle 90 °, stope drift active workings section size meets use function, by design stope drift active workings cross dimensions driving stope drift active workings;
Step 2, uses 11#I-steel makes the abnormity upper beam of canopy, underbeam and wedge mount, upper beam lower end welding wedge mount, the U-shaped draw-in groove that underbeam upper end welding steel makes, the rectangle that upper beam upper end steel plate for welding makes connects backplate, and upper beam lower end, U-shaped draw-in groove all offer circular hole with being connected backplate;
Step 3, after high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings driving, roof uses forestope to carry out gib, ensure that roof is complete, rock stratum roof plate is carried out basic bolting with wire mesh, rock stratum roof plate arranges five anchor poles, four, top anchor pole is perpendicular to rock stratum roof plate and arranges, one, bottom anchor pole and rock stratum roof plate angle 70 °, bolt interval is equal, and rock stratum roof plate arranges two anchor cables, and put in five figured cloths, between anchor cable, array pitch is bolt interval twice, and low side arranges a horizontal direction anchor pole, and low side anchor pole array pitch is equal with rock stratum roof plate anchor pole array pitch;
Step 4, by end anchorage in low side anchor pole and rock stratum roof plate anchor pole, anchor cable, wire netting is hung along rock stratum roof plate and low side rib, wire netting overlap joint is not less than 100mm, metal wire side at rock stratum roof plate with low side installs steel bar ladder, respectively anchor pole, anchor cable is applied pretightning force from downward second anchor pole of rock stratum roof plate;
Step 5, removes the forestope for gib roof, at high side lower raft rock stratum excavation for burying the posthole of underbeam lower end underground, goes out to show up to roof, high side and hangs wire netting, puts underbeam lower end into posthole and install underbeam;
Step 6, upper beam lower end is put in the U-shaped draw-in groove of underbeam upper end, the circular hole making upper beam lower end aligns with circular hole on the U-shaped draw-in groove of underbeam upper end, and use bolt to fasten, the wedge mount making upper beam lower end is stuck in underbeam upper end, and upper beam upper end connects backplate and contacts with rock stratum roof plate wall, connects backplate circular hole and is inserted in rock stratum roof plate top anchor pole exposed end portion, at anchor pole exposed junction, supporting plate and nut it is installed successively and fastens, completing the connection of abnormity canopy and basic anchor net;
Step 7, sets up backboard between upper beam, underbeam wire netting, and filling is tight, installs cylinder lever connecting rod, and install FLOOR ANCHOR fastening in the middle part of cylinder lever connecting rod in circular hole between underbeam bottom, and packing posthole fixes underbeam lower end;
Step 8, carries out driving and the supporting of high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings successively, completes construction.
Further, in step 3, anchor pole uses left hand thread steel to make, diameter 20mm, length 2400mm, and anchor cable uses seven strands of steel strand manufacturings, diameter 19.8mm, length 6500mm.
Further, in step 4, wire netting is rhombus wire gauze, and steel bar ladder is by 16#Round steel makes, and bolt pretension is not less than 60kN, and anchor cable pretightning force is not less than 150kN.
Further, in step 5, wire netting specification and rock stratum roof plate, that low side hangs wire netting specification is identical, and underbeam is in 90 ° with base plate.
Further, in step 7, backboard uses pin to make, and pull bar uses steel plate to make.
Advantages of the present invention and providing the benefit that: high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings Section Design is regular pentagonal and arranges along rock stratum roof plate by the present invention, once supporting stope drift active workings use two kinds of support patterns, that is: low side and rock stratum roof plate uses basic bolting with wire mesh, roof and high side to use abnormity canopy supporting, and make basic bolting with wire mesh form one with abnormity canopy supporting, reduce support cost, promote adjoining rock stability.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is to realize one high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings anchor net abnormity canopy graded supporting technology schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the bolting with wire mesh district supporting schematic diagram of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is special-shaped canopy supporting district's supporting schematic diagram of Fig. 1.
In figure: 1 is anchor cable;2 is rock stratum roof plate;3 is anchor pole;4 for connecting backplate;5 is roof;6 is backboard;7 is upper beam;8 is wedge mount;9 is U-shaped draw-in groove;10 is stope drift active workings;11 is underbeam;12 is wire netting;13 is pull bar.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, the present invention is described in further detail with example below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a kind of high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings anchor net abnormity canopy graded supporting technology.
As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the detailed description of the invention of the present invention comprises the steps:
Step one, design high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings 10 section configuration is regular pentagonal, stope drift active workings 10 are arranged along rock stratum roof plate 2, rock stratum roof plate 2 and roof 5 angle 90 °, stope drift active workings 10 section size meets use function, by design stope drift active workings 10 cross dimensions driving stope drift active workings 10;
Step 2, uses 11#I-steel makes the abnormity upper beam 7 of canopy, underbeam 11 and wedge mount 8, upper beam 7 lower end welding wedge mount 8, the U-shaped draw-in groove 9 that underbeam 11 upper end welding steel makes, the rectangle that upper beam 7 upper end steel plate for welding makes connects backplate 4, and upper beam 7 lower end, U-shaped draw-in groove 9 all offer circular hole with being connected backplate 4;
Step 3, after high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings 10 driving, roof 5 uses forestope to carry out gib, ensure that roof 5 is complete, rock stratum roof plate 2 is carried out basic bolting with wire mesh, rock stratum roof plate 2 arranges five anchor poles 3, four, top anchor pole 3 is perpendicular to rock stratum roof plate 2 and arranges, one, bottom anchor pole 3 and rock stratum roof plate 2 angle 70 °, 3 array pitch of anchor pole are equal, rock stratum roof plate 2 arranges two anchor cables 1, and put in five figured cloths, 1 array pitch of anchor cable is 3 array pitch twices of anchor pole, low side arranges a horizontal direction anchor pole 3, low side anchor pole 3 array pitch is equal with rock stratum roof plate 2 anchor pole 3 array pitch;
Step 4, by end anchorage in low side anchor pole 3 and rock stratum roof plate 2 anchor pole 3, anchor cable 1, wire netting 12 is hung along rock stratum roof plate 2 and low side rib, wire netting 12 overlap joint is not less than 100mm, wire netting 12 at rock stratum roof plate 2 with low side installs steel bar ladder, respectively anchor pole 3, anchor cable 1 is applied pretightning force from downward second anchor pole 3 of rock stratum roof plate 2;
Step 5, removes the forestope for gib roof 5, at high side lower raft rock stratum excavation for burying the posthole of underbeam 11 lower end underground, goes out roof 5, high side to show up and hangs wire netting 12, put underbeam 11 lower end into posthole and install underbeam 11;
Step 6, upper beam 7 lower end is put in the U-shaped draw-in groove 9 of underbeam 11 upper end, the circular hole making upper beam 7 lower end aligns with circular hole on the U-shaped draw-in groove 9 of underbeam 11 upper end, and use bolt to fasten, the wedge mount 8 making upper beam 7 lower end is stuck in underbeam 11 upper end, and upper beam 7 upper end connects backplate 4 and contacts with rock stratum roof plate 2 wall, connects backplate 4 circular hole and is inserted in rock stratum roof plate 2 top anchor pole 3 exposed end portion, at anchor pole 3 exposed junction, supporting plate and nut it is installed successively and fastens, completing the connection of abnormity canopy and basic anchor net;
Step 7, sets up backboard 6 between upper beam 7, underbeam 11 and wire netting 12, and filling is tight, installs cylinder lever connecting rod 13, and in circular hole, installation FLOOR ANCHOR 3 fastens in the middle part of cylinder lever connecting rod 13 between underbeam 11 bottom, and packing posthole is with fixing underbeam 11 lower end;
Step 8, carries out driving and the supporting of high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings 10 successively, completes construction.
Further, in step 3, anchor pole 3 uses left hand thread steel to make, diameter 20mm, length 2400mm, and anchor cable 1 uses seven strands of steel strand manufacturings, diameter 19.8mm, length 6500mm.
Further, in step 4, wire netting 12 is rhombus wire gauze, and steel bar ladder is by 16#Round steel makes, and anchor pole 3 pretightning force is not less than 60kN, and anchor cable 1 pretightning force is not less than 150kN.
Further, in step 5, it is identical that wire netting 12 specification hangs wire netting 12 specification with rock stratum roof plate, low side, and underbeam is in 90 ° with base plate.
Further, in step 7, backboard 6 uses pin to make, and pull bar 13 uses steel plate to make.
The present invention is not limited solely to the description of present embodiment, and all any amendment, equivalent and improvement etc. made within the spirit and principles in the present invention, within all should being contained in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings anchor net abnormity canopy graded supporting technology, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step one, design high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings section configuration is regular pentagonal, and stope drift active workings are arranged along rock stratum roof plate, rock stratum roof plate and roof angle 90 °, stope drift active workings section size meets use function, by design stope drift active workings cross dimensions driving stope drift active workings;
Step 2, uses 11#I-steel makes the abnormity upper beam of canopy, underbeam and wedge mount, upper beam lower end welding wedge mount, the U-shaped draw-in groove that underbeam upper end welding steel makes, the rectangle that upper beam upper end steel plate for welding makes connects backplate, and upper beam lower end, U-shaped draw-in groove all offer circular hole with being connected backplate;
Step 3, after high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings driving, roof uses forestope to carry out gib, ensure that roof is complete, rock stratum roof plate is carried out basic bolting with wire mesh, rock stratum roof plate arranges five anchor poles, four, top anchor pole is perpendicular to rock stratum roof plate and arranges, one, bottom anchor pole and rock stratum roof plate angle 70 °, bolt interval is equal, and rock stratum roof plate arranges two anchor cables, and put in five figured cloths, between anchor cable, array pitch is bolt interval twice, and low side arranges a horizontal direction anchor pole, and low side anchor pole array pitch is equal with rock stratum roof plate anchor pole array pitch;
Step 4, by end anchorage in low side anchor pole and rock stratum roof plate anchor pole, anchor cable, wire netting is hung along rock stratum roof plate and low side rib, wire netting overlap joint is not less than 100mm, metal wire side at rock stratum roof plate with low side installs steel bar ladder, respectively anchor pole, anchor cable is applied pretightning force from downward second anchor pole of rock stratum roof plate;
Step 5, removes the forestope for gib roof, at high side lower raft rock stratum excavation for burying the posthole of underbeam lower end underground, goes out to show up to roof, high side and hangs wire netting, puts underbeam lower end into posthole and install underbeam;
Step 6, upper beam lower end is put in the U-shaped draw-in groove of underbeam upper end, the circular hole making upper beam lower end aligns with circular hole on the U-shaped draw-in groove of underbeam upper end, and use bolt to fasten, the wedge mount making upper beam lower end is stuck in underbeam upper end, and upper beam upper end connects backplate and contacts with rock stratum roof plate wall, connects backplate circular hole and is inserted in rock stratum roof plate top anchor pole exposed end portion, at anchor pole exposed junction, supporting plate and nut it is installed successively and fastens, completing the connection of abnormity canopy and basic anchor net;
Step 7, sets up backboard between upper beam, underbeam wire netting, and filling is tight, installs cylinder lever connecting rod, and install FLOOR ANCHOR fastening in the middle part of cylinder lever connecting rod in circular hole between underbeam bottom, and packing posthole fixes underbeam lower end;
Step 8, carries out driving and the supporting of high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings successively, completes construction.
A kind of high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings anchor net abnormity canopy graded supporting technology the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 3, anchor pole uses left hand thread steel to make, diameter 20mm, length 2400mm, anchor cable uses seven strands of steel strand manufacturings, diameter 19.8mm, length 6500mm.
A kind of high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings anchor net abnormity canopy graded supporting technology the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 4, wire netting is rhombus wire gauze, and steel bar ladder is by 16#Round steel makes, and bolt pretension is not less than 60kN, and anchor cable pretightning force is not less than 150kN.
A kind of high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings anchor net abnormity canopy graded supporting technology the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 5, wire netting specification and rock stratum roof plate, that low side hangs wire netting specification is identical, and underbeam is in 90 ° with base plate.
A kind of high inclination-angle extremely soft seam stope drift active workings anchor net abnormity canopy graded supporting technology the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 7, backboard uses pin to make, and pull bar uses steel plate to make.
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CN106930779A (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2017-07-07 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of special-shaped canopy method for protecting support of micro- arch of high-dipping three soft coal layer re-exploration laneway battered leg |
CN107893670A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-04-10 | 贵州大学 | A kind of anti-wall caving retaining wall supporting construction in comprehensive pick face |
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CN109630171A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-04-16 | 山西潞安环保能源开发股份有限公司常村煤矿 | A method of along top tunnel along backplane relieving roadway floor lift control |
CN109944617A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-06-28 | 淮北矿业股份有限公司 | A kind of coal seam lane side drill site frame canopy method |
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辛亚军: "大倾角煤层走向长壁软岩回采巷道支护系统复杂性研究", 《中国优秀硕士论文全文数据库工程科技I辑》 * |
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