CN114704314A - High-slope collaborative anchoring structure of large-dip-angle soft coal seam roadway and construction method - Google Patents
High-slope collaborative anchoring structure of large-dip-angle soft coal seam roadway and construction method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114704314A CN114704314A CN202111591654.2A CN202111591654A CN114704314A CN 114704314 A CN114704314 A CN 114704314A CN 202111591654 A CN202111591654 A CN 202111591654A CN 114704314 A CN114704314 A CN 114704314A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- slope
- roadway
- anchor
- anchor cable
- coal seam
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0086—Bearing plates
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/003—Machines for drilling anchor holes and setting anchor bolts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Abstract
The invention relates to a high-slope collaborative anchoring structure and a construction method for a large-dip-angle soft coal seam roadway, belongs to the technical field of safety and stability control of the high slope of the roadway, and solves the problem that the stability and the safety of the roadway cannot be ensured by the conventional supporting structure. The high-slope collaborative anchoring structure of the large-dip-angle soft coal seam roadway comprises a 7-type tray, a first anchor cable and a slope protection beam, wherein the first anchor cable is installed at a position, close to a high slope, of a top plate and anchored by using the 7-type tray, and the slope protection beam is installed along the high slope and locked with the 7-type tray. According to the cooperative anchoring and protecting structure, the first anchor cable and the side protecting beam are utilized for cooperative anchoring and protecting, the side protecting beam is locked on a deeper stable rock mass through the first anchor cable and the 7-type tray, when a high-side coal body generates larger pressure on the side protecting beam, the stress can be transferred to the deeper rock mass of a roadway top plate through the first anchor cable and the 7-type tray, cooperative bearing is realized, and therefore stability of a high side of the roadway is guaranteed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of safety and stability control of roadway high walls, in particular to a high-wall collaborative anchoring structure and a construction method of a roadway of a large-dip-angle soft coal seam.
Background
The coal seam with a large inclination angle occupies a considerable proportion of the coal reserves in China, even becomes the main mining coal seam of part of mines, and the inclination angle of the coal seam of some mines is between 20 and 50 degrees. The included angle formed by the rock gravity direction and the rock bedding direction of the large-inclination-angle coal seam roadway is reduced, and the acting force of the gravity along the bedding direction is increased. In addition to the practical requirement of roadway layout, the phenomena of 'top floor and bottom floor forming roadway side and coal seam forming top floor' often occur. Due to the fact that coal and rock bodies are unevenly distributed around the roadway, deformation and damage characteristics of surrounding rocks show obvious difference and asymmetry. Therefore, the stability and deformation damage of the large inclination angle coal seam roadway are obviously different from those of a nearly horizontal coal seam roadway, and special control is required.
Engineering research and practice show that the large-dip-angle soft coal seam roadway has large deformation and serious rib caving, and particularly when the high rib of the roadway is mainly a coal body, the soft coal body is easy to damage, collapse and rib caving under the promotion of large stress along the bedding, so that the whole large deformation of the roadway is caused, and the safe and efficient production of a coal mine is severely restricted. In this case, only anchor rods and anchor nets are used for control, so that stability and safety of the roadway cannot be guaranteed, and sometimes, anchor rods are difficult to drill in the coal body, and a cooperative anchoring and protecting structure suitable for the anchor rods needs to be built.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a high-slope collaborative anchoring structure for a large-dip-angle soft coal seam roadway and a construction method thereof, so as to solve the problem that the existing supporting structure cannot ensure the stability and safety of the roadway.
The purpose of the invention is mainly realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a big loose soft coal seam tunnel high group of dip angle is anchor in coordination protects structure, includes 7 type trays, first anchor rope and protects group's roof beam, first anchor rope is installed and is close to high group department at the roof, uses 7 type trays anchor, protect group's roof beam along high group installation and with 7 type trays lock.
Furthermore, a second rope threading hole, one or more third rope threading holes and a second rope threading hole are formed in the side wall protecting beam from top to bottom.
Further, the side wall protecting beam is connected with the 7-shaped tray through the second rope threading hole.
Further, the anchor rope fixing device further comprises a third anchor rope, and the third anchor rope is installed on the upper through the third cable penetrating hole.
The construction method of the high slope collaborative anchoring structure of the large dip angle soft coal seam roadway is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: when in tunneling, the tunnel is tunneled along the coal seam roof according to the coal seam inclination angle, and the high tunnel side is composed of a coal body side and a rock body side along the tunneling direction of the tunnel, so that the top is not broken when in tunneling;
step 2: after the roadway is excavated, firstly, a temporary support is made, and then a first anchor cable with a top plate closest to a high-wall shoulder angle is drilled;
and step 3: after the first anchor cable is installed, erecting a side protecting beam to support the high-side coal body of the roadway;
and 4, step 4: after the side wall protecting beam is installed, a third anchor cable is drilled through a third cable through hole;
and 5: and drilling and installing an anchor rod, wherein the anchor rod, the side wall protecting beam and the third anchor cable are arranged on the same section.
Further, in step 2, the horizontal distance between the anchor eye of the first anchor cable and the high wall is 80-120mm, and the depth of the anchor eye is 3600-4000 mm.
Further, in the step 2, after the anchor cable hole is drilled, the anchoring agent is filled, and the total length of the filled anchoring agent is not less than 1500 mm.
Further, in the step 3, the side wall protecting beam is erected perpendicular to the trend of the roadway, and a web plate of the side wall protecting beam is parallel to the trend of the roadway.
Further, in step 4, the depth of the third anchor cable anchored into the coal seam floor is not less than 2000 mm.
Further, in the step 5, the downward binding angle of the bottom angle anchor rod positioned at the lowest end of the high upper is 30-45 degrees, and the bottom angle anchor rod is inclined to the bottom plate for drilling.
The invention can realize at least one of the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the cooperative anchoring and protecting structure, the first anchor cable and the side protecting beam are utilized for cooperative anchoring and protecting, on one hand, deformation damage and side caving of soft coal bodies are limited through the side protecting beam and the anchor net, on the other hand, the side protecting beam is locked on a deeper stable rock mass through the first anchor cable and the 7-type tray, when the high-side coal bodies generate larger pressure on the side protecting beam, stress can be transferred to the deeper rock mass of a roadway top plate through the first anchor cable and the 7-type tray, cooperative bearing is achieved, and therefore stability of a roadway high side is guaranteed, and construction is simple and convenient.
(2) The cooperative anchoring and protecting structure can be operated in parallel with drilling and installing of other anchor rods and anchor cables on the top plate and the bottom wall of the roadway, so that the safety and stability control requirements of the roadway can be better met while the operation time is saved.
In the invention, the technical schemes can be combined with each other to realize more preferable combination schemes. Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, wherein like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a roadway with a large inclination angle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of the high-slope cooperative anchoring structure of a large-dip-angle soft coal seam roadway according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a 7-type pallet according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a left side view of FIG. 3 (without the tray plate);
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of an upper guard beam according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1-first anchor cable, 2-7 type pallet, 201-pallet plate, 202-beam blocking plate, 203-reinforcing rib plate, 204-first rope penetrating hole, 205-first rope penetrating hole, 3-anchor, 4-side protecting beam, 401-web, 402-second rope penetrating hole, 403-second rope penetrating hole, 404-third rope penetrating hole, 5-second anchor cable, 6-third anchor cable and 7-anchor rod.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and which together with the embodiments of the invention serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit its scope.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the term "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may include, for example, a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integrated connection, a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, a direct connection, and an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The terms "top," "bottom," "above … …," "below," and "on … …" as used throughout the description are relative to the position of components of the device, such as the relative position of the top and bottom substrates inside the device. It will be appreciated that the devices are multifunctional, regardless of their orientation in space.
Example 1
One embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, discloses a high-slope collaborative anchoring structure for a large-dip-angle soft coal seam roadway, which comprises a 7-type tray 2, a first anchor cable 1 and a slope beam 4, wherein the first anchor cable 1 is installed at a position, close to a high slope, of a top plate and is anchored by using the 7-type tray 2, and the slope beam 4 is installed along the high slope and is locked with the 7-type tray 2 to support a high-slope coal body of the roadway.
The anchor in coordination of this embodiment protects the structure, utilize first anchor rope and protect group roof beam 4 to carry out anchor in coordination and protect, on the one hand through protecting group roof beam 4 and the deformation destruction and the piece group of the soft coal body of wire net restriction, on the other hand will protect group roof beam 4 to lock in darker stable rock mass through first anchor rope and 7 type trays, when the high group coal body produces great pressure to protecting group roof beam 4, can shift stress to the darker rock mass of tunnel roof through first anchor rope and 7 type trays, realize bearing in coordination, thereby guarantee the stability of the high group of tunnel, and the construction is simple and convenient.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the vertical height of the coal body side of the high side of the roadway is set to h1The vertical height of the rock mass side is h2The height of the side wall protecting beam 4 is h3Then the vertical height h of the highwall is h1+h2. Setting the dip angle of the coal seam as theta1If the included angle theta between the coal seam and the vertical line is 90-theta1。
Further, as shown in fig. 3 to 4, the 7-type pallet 2 includes a pallet plate 201, a stop beam plate 202 and reinforcing rib plates 203, the pallet plate 201 and the stop beam plate 202 are square plates, and the pallet plate 201 and the stop beam plate 202 are connected by the reinforcing rib plates 203 and have an included angle θ.
Further, deep floor 203 is the triangle-shaped board, and tray board 201 and fender beam board 202 are connected respectively to two sides of triangle-shaped board, and another limit of triangle-shaped board is the arc of indent, reduces 7 type tray 2's weight when not influencing the enhancement effect.
In this embodiment, the 7-type tray 2 is provided with two reinforcing rib plates 203, and the two reinforcing rib plates 203 are parallel to each other.
Further, the specification of the tray plate 201 is a × b × a1(length × width × thickness, unit mm); the dimension of the beam-blocking plate 202 is c × b × c1(length × width × thickness, unit mm); the web 203 has a thickness b2mm, distance between two webs is b3mm, two webs are respectively away from the edge of the stop beam plate b1mm。
Preferably, when the 7-type pallet 2 is used for fixing anchor cables, a, b, c, 300mm, a1＝20mm，c130 mm; when the 7-type pallet 2 is used for fixing anchor rods, a, b, c, 150mm, a1＝10mm，c1＝20mm。
Further, the middle position of the tray plate 201 is provided with a diameter R1And the length direction of the first cable through hole 204 is parallel to the stop beam plate 202, and the first cable through hole 204 is used for connecting the first anchor cable 1.
Preferably, R when the 7-type pallet 2 is used for fixing anchor lines1(anchor cable diameter +10) mm; when the 7-type pallet 2 is used for fixing anchor rods, R1The diameter of the anchor rod is (diameter of the anchor rod +5) mm.
Further, the stop beam plate 202 is provided with a diameter R2The first rope-threading hole 205 is perpendicular to the stop beam plate 202, and is used for connecting the side wall protecting beam 4.
In this embodiment, two first rope threading holes 205 are provided and are respectively located at the outer sides of the two reinforcing rib plates 203.
Preferably, R2The diameter of the steel wire rope is multiplied by 2+10 mm, wherein the steel wire rope is used for connecting the 7-type pallet 2 and the side wall beam 4.
Further, the horizontal distance between the installation position of the first anchor cable 1 and the high wall is 80-120mm, and the drilling angle of the anchor eye for installing the first anchor cable 1 is 90 degrees, that is, the anchor eye is parallel to the high wall. The eye depth of the anchor eye of the first anchor cable 1 is 3600-.
Further, the diameter of the drill hole of the first anchor cable 1 is matched with the diameter of the first anchor cable 1 and the diameter of the anchoring agent, namely the diameter of the drill hole of the first anchor cable is equal to the diameter of the anchoring agent + 4-6 mm, the diameter of the anchoring agent is equal to the diameter of the first anchor cable 1 + 3-5 mm, and other anchor cables and anchor rods are selected according to the mode.
Further, after the anchor cable hole is drilled, firstly, an anchoring agent is filled in, and then a 7-type tray 2 and an anchorage device 3 are used for installing a first anchor cable 1; when the 7-type tray 2 is installed, the tray plate 201 is flatly pressed on the top plate of the roadway, and the stop beam plate 202 is vertical.
In this embodiment, ground tackle 3 adopts spherical ground tackle, and the top surface of spherical ground tackle is arc, to the tray board 201 of different angles, can both guarantee that first anchor rope 1 keeps perpendicular to avoid producing the shearing force in first anchor rope 1, influence the anchor effect of first anchor rope 1.
Further, a spherical anchor is installed along the tray plate 201, and the first anchor cable 1 is inserted into the anchor cable eye after passing through the eye hole of the spherical anchor and the first cable passing hole 204.
Furthermore, the tensioning force of the first anchor cable 1 is 160-180kN, and the tensioning time of 30S needs to be kept after the rated pressure is reached.
Further, when the top plate is a non-thick layer composite laminated top plate and lithology is good, the first anchor cable 1 can be replaced by an anchor rod, the length of the anchor rod is 2600-2800 mm, the preferred diameter is 22mm, and pretightening force is 120 kN.
After the first anchor cable 1 is installed, the side protecting beam 4 is installed to effectively support the high-side coal body of the roadway and prevent the coal body from caving and falling in the roadway.
In this embodiment, the height h of the side wall beam 43According to the softness condition of coal body h1And h2The size of (d) and the like. Preferably:
when h is less than 5000mm, h1H < 3000mm3H +200mm, and guarantee that side wall beam 4 can insert bottom plate 200mm, guaranteeSupporting the stability of the side wall beam 4.
When h is more than 5000mm, h1H < 3000mm3＝h1+/-400-600 mm, and ensuring that the lower end of the side wall protection beam 4 can be fixed on the rock mass side by using an anchor rod, wherein the overlapping length of the side wall protection beam 4 and the rock mass side is not less than 400mm, so as to prevent the rock mass side from collapsing after stress.
When h is more than 5000mm, h1Greater than 3000mm and h2When more than 2000mm, h3＝h1500-700 mm, and the lower end of the side wall protection beam 4 can be fixed on the rock mass side by using an anchor rod, and the overlapping length of the side wall protection beam 4 and the rock mass side is not less than 500mm, so that the rock mass side is prevented from collapsing after being stressed.
Further, the side wall protecting beam 4 is made of metal beams or columns, and the types of the metal beams or columns are calculated and selected according to the thickness of the coal seam, stress distribution along the bedding direction and the like.
In this embodiment, the side wall protecting beam 4 is made of i-steel.
Further, as shown in fig. 5, a second rope threading hole 402 is formed in the upper end portion of the i-beam web 401, and the distance from the second rope threading hole 402 to the upper end of the side wall beam 4 is 150 mm.
Further, the side wall protecting beam 4 is connected with the 7-type pallet 2 through a steel wire rope and other materials.
Specifically, the steel wire rope passes through the second rope threading hole 402 of the side wall beam 4 and the first rope threading hole 205 of the 7-type tray 2 to bind the side wall beam 4 and the 7-type tray 2, so that the side wall beam 4 is prevented from falling.
Alternatively, one first rope threading hole 205 is provided, and the side wall beam 4 is connected with the 7-type pallet through a bolt.
Furthermore, in order to enhance the supporting function of the side wall beam 4, the lower end portion of the side wall beam 4 is further provided with a second cable through hole 403, and the second cable through hole 403 is 200mm away from the bottom end of the side wall beam 4.
In this embodiment, the high-wall cooperative anchoring structure further includes a second anchor cable 5, and the second anchor cable 5 fixes the wall-protecting beam 4 to the rock wall through the second cable-passing hole 403.
Further, the second anchor cable 5 is used for fixing the side wall protecting beam 4, and can perform an anchoring effect on the high side wall. Preferably, the length of the second anchor cable 5 is 5200mm, the eye depth is 5000mm, and the exposed length is 200 mm. The total length of the anchoring agent filled into the second anchor cable 5 is not less than 2000mm, and the second anchor cable 5 is smoothly installed by using the rapid and medium-speed anchoring agent in a matched mode.
Further, a third rope threading hole 404 is further provided between the second rope threading hole 402 and the second rope threading hole 403 on the side wall beam 4 for installing a third anchor rope 6.
In this embodiment, the high-wall cooperative anchoring structure further includes a third anchor cable 6, and the third anchor cable 6 fixes the wall-protecting beam 4 in the rock stratum of the coal seam floor through the third cable-passing hole 404.
Further, the third anchor cable 6 is used for fixing the side wall protecting beam 4 and anchoring the coal body, and can also play a role in anchoring the main body of the high side, particularly the coal body side. Preferably, the length of the third anchor cable 6 is equal to the length drilled in the coal body + the depth of the anchoring into the bottom plate rock body + the exposed length, wherein the depth of the anchoring into the bottom plate rock body is not less than 2000mm, and the exposed length is 200 mm. The total length of the anchoring agent filled into the third anchor cable 6 is not less than 2000mm, and the third anchor cable 6 is smoothly installed by using the quick and medium-speed anchoring agent in a matching way.
In this embodiment, the number q of the third anchor cables 6 and the third cable through holes 4041S distance of1According to the softness degree and the height h of the coal upper1To determine, preferably, the quantity q1And a spacing s1Calculated and selected by the following formula:
q1＝ROUND(h11800) in root; wherein, ROUND refers to the pair (h)1The value of/1800) is rounded off according to the rule of rounding;
s1＝INT(h1/(q1+1)) in mm; wherein INT is p (h)1/(q1+1)) to remove decimal place and only take integer place;
exemplarily, when the height h of the coal body upper1When q is 2000mm11 anchor cable needs to be drilled and installed at the interval of 1000 mm; when the height h of coal upper1When q is 3000mm, q 12 anchor cables need to be drilled and installed, and the distance between the anchor cables is 1000 mm; when the height h of the coal body upper1When the thickness is 5000mm, q 13, drilling3 anchor cables are arranged at intervals of 1250 mm.
In the embodiment, an anchor rod 7 is further arranged, and the anchor rod 7 is installed on a rock body side of a high side and is arranged on the same section with the side protecting beam 4, the second anchor cable 5 and the third anchor cable 6.
Further, the number q of anchor rods 72S distance of2According to the height h of the rock mass side wall2To determine, preferably, the quantity q2S distance of2Calculated and selected by the following formula:
q2＝ROUND(h2/900) in units of roots;
s2＝INT(h2/(q2+1)) in mm;
furthermore, the anchor rod 7 adopts a left-handed non-longitudinal-rib high-strength anchor rod with a fine screw thread at the tail part, the length of the fine screw thread is 140-160mm, and a common tray and a matched nut can be adopted for installation.
Example 2
The embodiment of the invention discloses a construction method of a high-slope collaborative anchoring structure of a large-dip-angle soft coal seam roadway in the embodiment 1, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: and during tunneling, tunneling along a coal seam roof according to the coal seam inclination angle, and along the tunneling direction, the high tunnel side consists of a coal side and a rock side, and the top is not broken during tunneling.
As shown in figure 1, the vertical height of the coal body upper of the high tunnel upper is set to be h1The vertical height of the rock mass side is h2The height of the side wall protecting beam 4 is h3Then the vertical height h of the highwall is h1+h2. Setting the dip angle of the coal seam as theta1If the included angle theta between the coal seam and the vertical line is 90-theta1。
Step 2: after the roadway is excavated, firstly, temporary support is made, then a first anchor cable 1 with a top plate closest to a high-side shoulder angle is drilled, and the first anchor cable 1 is installed by using a 7-type tray 2 and a spherical anchorage device.
In this embodiment, the horizontal distance between the anchor eye of the first anchor cable 1 and the high wall is 80-120mm, and the horizontal distance is parallel to the high wall drilling hole. The depth of the anchor eye of the first anchor cable 1 is 3600-4000mm, the length of the first anchor cable 1 is 3800-4200mm, and the diameter is preferably 21.6 mm.
Further, the diameter of the drill hole of the first anchor cable 1 is matched with the diameter of the first anchor cable 1 and the diameter of the anchoring agent, namely the diameter of the anchor hole is equal to the diameter of the anchoring agent + 4-6 mm, and the diameter of the anchoring agent is equal to the diameter of the first anchor cable 1 + 3-5 mm.
Furthermore, after the anchor cable hole is drilled, the anchoring agent is filled in. Preferably, the total length of the anchoring agent is not less than 1500mm, and the anchoring agent is used in combination with a quick and medium-speed anchoring agent to ensure drilling and installation of the first anchor cable 1.
Further, after the anchoring agent is filled, the first anchor cable 1 is installed using a 7-type tray 2 and a spherical anchorage. The tray plate 201 of the 7-type tray 2 is flatly pressed on the top plate of the roadway, and the beam blocking plate 202 is vertical, so that the side wall protection beam 4 can be erected and bound conveniently in the next step.
In this embodiment, the spherical anchor is installed along the tray plate 201, and the first anchor cable 1 is inserted into the anchor cable eye after passing through the eye hole of the spherical anchor and the first cable passing hole 204.
Furthermore, the tensioning force of the first anchor cable 1 is 160-180kN, and the tensioning time of 30S is required to be kept after the rated pressure is reached.
And step 3: after the first anchor cable 1 is installed, a side protecting beam 4 is erected to support the high-side coal body of the roadway, and the coal body is prevented from caving and falling in the roadway.
In this embodiment, the height h of the side wall beam 43According to the softness condition of coal body h1And h2The size of (d) and the like. Preferably:
when h is less than 5000mm, h1H < 3000mm3H +200mm, and guarantee that rib roof beam 4 can insert the bottom plate 200mm, keep rib roof beam 4's stability.
When h is more than 5000mm, h1H < 3000mm3＝h1And +/-400-600 mm, the lower end of the side wall protecting beam 4 can be fixed on the rock mass side by using an anchor rod, and the overlapping length of the side wall protecting beam 4 and the rock mass side is not less than 400mm, so that the rock mass side is prevented from collapsing after being stressed.
When h is more than 5000mm, h1Greater than 3000mm and h2When more than 2000mm, h3＝h1500-700 mm and ensures the side wall protection beamThe lower end of the protective wall beam 4 can be fixed on the rock mass side by an anchor rod, and the overlapping length of the protective wall beam 4 and the rock mass side is not less than 500mm so as to prevent the rock mass side from collapsing after stress.
In this embodiment, the side wall beam 4 is an i-steel.
A web 401 of the I-shaped steel is provided with a second rope threading hole 402, one or more third rope threading holes 404 and a second rope threading hole 403 from top to bottom. Wherein, the distance between the second rope threading hole 402 and the upper end of the side wall beam 4 is 150 mm; the distance between the second rope penetrating hole 403 and the bottom end of the side wall protecting beam 4 is 200 mm; the number q of the third reeving holes 4041S distance of1According to the softness degree and the height h of the coal upper1To determine, preferably, the quantity q1And a spacing s1Calculated and selected by the following formula:
q1＝ROUND(h11800) in root; wherein, ROUND refers to the pair (h)1The value of/1800) is rounded off according to the rule of rounding;
s1＝INT(h1/(q1+1)) in mm; wherein INT is p (h)1/(q1+1)) to remove decimal place and only take integer place;
exemplarily, when the height h of the coal body upper1When q is 2000mm11 anchor cable needs to be drilled and installed, and the distance is 1000 mm; when the height h of the coal body upper1When q is 3000mm, q 12 anchor cables need to be drilled and installed, and the distance between the anchor cables is 1000 mm; when the height h of the coal body upper1When the thickness is 5000mm, q 13 anchor cables need to be drilled and installed, and the distance is 1250 mm.
Further, the side wall protecting beam 4 is erected perpendicular to the trend of the roadway, and the web 401 is parallel to the trend of the roadway.
When the side wall protecting beam 4 is erected, the side wall protecting beam 4 and the 7-type tray 2 are bound through the second rope penetrating hole 402 at the end part of the side wall protecting beam 4 and the first rope penetrating hole 205 of the 7-type tray 2 by adopting materials such as steel wire ropes, and the side wall protecting beam 4 is prevented from falling.
Alternatively, one first rope threading hole 205 is provided, and the side wall beam 4 is connected with the 7-type pallet through a bolt.
Subsequently, a second anchor cable 5 is drilled through the second cable through hole 403, and the second anchor cable 5 is used for fixing the side wall protecting beam 4 and can perform an anchoring function on the high side wall. Preferably, the length of the second anchor cable 5 is 5200mm, the eye depth is 5000mm, and the exposed length is 200 mm. The total length of the anchoring agent filled into the second anchor cable 5 is not less than 2000mm, and the second anchor cable 5 is smoothly installed by using the quick and medium-speed anchoring agent in a matching way.
And 4, step 4: after the side wall beam 4 is installed, a third anchor cable 6 is drilled through a third cable through hole 404.
In this embodiment, the third anchor cable 6 is mounted using a flat plate-type tray.
Further, the third anchor cable 6 is used for fixing the side wall protecting beam 4 and anchoring the coal body, and can also play a role in anchoring the main body of the high side, particularly the coal body side. Preferably, the length of the third anchor cable 6 is equal to the length drilled in the coal body + the depth of the anchoring into the bottom plate rock body + the exposed length, wherein the depth of the anchoring into the bottom plate rock body is not less than 2000mm, and the exposed length is 200 mm. The total length of the anchoring agent filled into the third anchor cable 6 is not less than 2000mm, and the third anchor cable 6 is smoothly installed by using the rapid and medium-speed anchoring agent in a matching way.
Further, the tensioning force of the third anchor cable 6 is 180-220kN, so as to realize the cooperation with the tensioning forces of the first anchor cable 1 and the second anchor cable 5.
And 5: and drilling and installing an anchor rod 7, wherein the anchor rod 7, the side wall protecting beam 4, the second anchor cable 5 and the third anchor cable 6 are arranged on the same section.
Further, the number q of anchor rods 72S distance s2According to the height h of the rock mass side wall2To determine, preferably, the quantity q2S distance of2Calculated and selected by the following formula:
q2＝ROUND(h2/900) in units of roots;
s2＝INT(h2/(q2+1)) in mm;
in this embodiment, the left-handed non-longitudinal-rib high-strength anchor rod with the tail part being the thin thread is adopted, the length of the thin thread is 140-160mm, and the anchor rod is installed by adopting a flat-plate tray and a nut.
Further, the number of the anchor rods 7 needs to be according to the height h of the rock mass side of the high side2Determining rock mass structure and performance and the like.
Preferably, the length of the anchor rod is 2400-2600 mm.
Further, the downward binding angle of the bottom angle anchor rod 7 positioned at the lowest end of the high upper is 30-45 degrees, the bottom angle anchor rod 7 is installed by a spherical anchorage device in a deviation manner.
Further, the pre-tightening force of the anchor rod 7 is 90-110kN, so that the anchor rod can be cooperatively anchored with the second anchor cable 5 and the third anchor cable 6.
Step 6: and drilling and installing other anchor rods and anchor cables on the top plate and the bottom wall of the roadway.
Other anchor rods and anchor cables of the roadway top plate and the bottom wall are drilled and installed in parallel with the cooperative anchoring structure of the embodiment, so that the requirements of safe and stable control of the roadway are better met.
Before stoping of the mining face, the side protecting beam 4 is dismantled in advance according to the coal cutting footage, and the coal cutting cutter is prevented from being damaged. If gob-side entry retaining mining is carried out, the side wall protecting beam 4 needs to be installed immediately after the mining face passes through, and the 7-type tray 2 and the tail part of the first anchor cable 5 are well protected in the whole process of roadway tunneling and stoping so as to be convenient to detach and reinstall.
In summary, in the cooperative anchoring and protecting structure and the construction method for the high slope of the large inclination angle soft coal seam roadway provided by the embodiments of the present invention, the first anchor cable and the side protecting beam are used for performing cooperative anchoring and protecting, on one hand, the deformation damage and the side caving of the soft coal body are limited by the side protecting beam and the anchor net, on the other hand, the side protecting beam is locked to a deeper stable rock body through the first anchor cable and the 7-type tray, when the high slope coal body generates a larger pressure on the side protecting beam, the stress can be transferred to the deeper rock body of the roadway top and bottom plate through the first anchor cable and the 7-type tray, so that cooperative bearing is realized, thereby ensuring the stability of the high slope of the roadway, and the construction is simple and convenient.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The high-slope collaborative anchoring structure of the large-dip-angle soft coal seam roadway is characterized by comprising a 7-type tray (2), a first anchor cable (1) and a slope protection beam (4), wherein the first anchor cable (1) is installed at a position, close to a high slope, of a top plate, the 7-type tray (2) is used for anchoring, and the slope protection beam (4) is installed along the high slope and locked with the 7-type tray (2).
2. The high-slope cooperative anchoring structure for the roadway of the high-dip soft coal seam as claimed in claim 1, wherein the side wall beam (4) is provided with a second rope penetrating hole (402), one or more third rope penetrating holes (404) and a second rope penetrating hole (403) from top to bottom.
3. The high-slope collaborative anchoring structure of the roadway of the high-dip soft coal seam according to claim 2, wherein the slope-protecting beam (4) is connected with the 7-type tray (2) through the second rope-through hole (402).
4. The high-slope cooperative anchoring structure for the roadway of the high-dip soft coal seam as claimed in claim 3, further comprising a third anchor cable (6), wherein the third anchor cable (6) is mounted on the high slope through the third cable through hole (404).
5. The method for constructing the roadway high-upper cooperative anchoring structure of the large-dip-angle soft coal seam according to claims 1 to 4, is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: when in tunneling, the tunnel is tunneled along the coal seam roof according to the coal seam inclination angle, and the high tunnel side is composed of a coal body side and a rock body side along the tunneling direction of the tunnel, so that the top is not broken when in tunneling;
and 2, step: after the roadway is excavated, firstly, a temporary support is made, and then a first anchor cable (1) with a top plate closest to a high-wall shoulder angle is drilled;
and step 3: after the first anchor cable (1) is installed, erecting a side protecting beam (4) to support a high-side coal body of the roadway;
and 4, step 4: after the side wall protecting beam (4) is installed, drilling a third anchor cable (6) through a third cable through hole (404);
and 5: and drilling an anchor rod (7), wherein the anchor rod (7), the side wall protecting beam (4) and the third anchor cable (6) are arranged on the same section.
6. The method for constructing the high-slope collaborative anchor and protection structure of the tunnel of the large-inclination soft coal seam, as claimed in claim 5, wherein in step 2, the horizontal distance between the anchor eye of the first anchor cable (1) and the high slope is 80-120mm, and the depth of the anchor eye is 3600-4000 mm.
7. The method for constructing the high-slope cooperative anchoring and protecting structure of the roadway of the large-dip-angle soft coal seam as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the step 2, after the anchor cable hole is drilled, an anchoring agent is filled, and the total length of the filled anchoring agent is not less than 1500 mm.
8. The method for constructing the roadway high-slope collaborative anchoring structure of the large-inclination-angle soft coal seam according to claim 5 is characterized in that in step 3, the slope protection beams (4) are erected perpendicular to the roadway trend, and the webs (401) of the slope protection beams (4) are parallel to the roadway trend.
9. The method for constructing the high-slope collaborative anchoring structure of the roadway of the high-inclination soft coal seam according to claim 5, wherein in the step 4, the third anchor cable (6) is anchored into the floor of the coal seam to a depth of not less than 2000 mm.
10. The method for constructing the high-slope collaborative anchoring structure of the roadway of the high-dip soft coal seam according to claim 5, wherein in the step 5, the downward-rolling angle of the bottom-angle anchor rod (7) positioned at the lowest end of the high slope is 30-45 degrees and is inclined to the drilling of the bottom plate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111591654.2A CN114704314B (en) | 2021-12-23 | 2021-12-23 | High-slope cooperative anchoring structure of large-inclination-angle soft coal seam roadway and construction method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111591654.2A CN114704314B (en) | 2021-12-23 | 2021-12-23 | High-slope cooperative anchoring structure of large-inclination-angle soft coal seam roadway and construction method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114704314A true CN114704314A (en) | 2022-07-05 |
| CN114704314B CN114704314B (en) | 2023-08-22 |
Family
ID=82165997
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111591654.2A Active CN114704314B (en) | 2021-12-23 | 2021-12-23 | High-slope cooperative anchoring structure of large-inclination-angle soft coal seam roadway and construction method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114704314B (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102296976A (en) * | 2011-09-02 | 2011-12-28 | 安徽理工大学 | Asymmetrical bolt-net-cable combined supporting method for special-shaped recovery tunnel of large inclination angle coal bed |
| CN106014458A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-10-12 | 河南理工大学 | Large-dip extremely-soft coal seam mining roadway anchor net special-shaped shed graded supporting technique |
| CN107165664A (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2017-09-15 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of slope thick seam tunnels superelevation stope drift active workings Qie Dingliu lanes method along top |
| CN206581958U (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2017-10-24 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A kind of large-inclination-angle coal bed new stope drift active workings support system |
| CN211851913U (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2020-11-03 | 湖南科技大学 | Anti-slip device for filling wall in deep gob-side entry retaining roadway |
| CN112065481A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-12-11 | 山东李楼煤业有限公司 | Anti-shearing anchor rod and supporting method for preventing shearing and dislocation of top plate |
-
2021
- 2021-12-23 CN CN202111591654.2A patent/CN114704314B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102296976A (en) * | 2011-09-02 | 2011-12-28 | 安徽理工大学 | Asymmetrical bolt-net-cable combined supporting method for special-shaped recovery tunnel of large inclination angle coal bed |
| CN106014458A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-10-12 | 河南理工大学 | Large-dip extremely-soft coal seam mining roadway anchor net special-shaped shed graded supporting technique |
| CN206581958U (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2017-10-24 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A kind of large-inclination-angle coal bed new stope drift active workings support system |
| CN107165664A (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2017-09-15 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of slope thick seam tunnels superelevation stope drift active workings Qie Dingliu lanes method along top |
| CN211851913U (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2020-11-03 | 湖南科技大学 | Anti-slip device for filling wall in deep gob-side entry retaining roadway |
| CN112065481A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-12-11 | 山东李楼煤业有限公司 | Anti-shearing anchor rod and supporting method for preventing shearing and dislocation of top plate |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114704314B (en) | 2023-08-22 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP3489459B1 (en) | Non-uniform support structure for gob-side entry driving under deep unstable overburden rock and construction method | |
| WO2020216114A1 (en) | Method for controlling stability of surrounding rock applicable to mining region main roadway of coal mine | |
| CN102220866B (en) | Pressure relief and consolidation synergizing prevention and control method for rock burst in deep coal drift | |
| CN109973126B (en) | Stability control method for small coal pillar gob-side entry driving double-pressure-relief constant-resistance supporting surrounding rock | |
| CN109026024B (en) | Roadway roof deformation control method under high-level stress action | |
| CN109268027B (en) | Tunnel top angle curved surface surrounding rock reinforcement control method | |
| CN104612729B (en) | A kind of asymmetric anchor beam structure and its method for protecting support for gob side entry top plate | |
| CN102839984A (en) | Oversized-section underground supporting structure | |
| CN102704965A (en) | Method for preventing tunnel top plate collapse risk caused by severe mining | |
| CN106194203A (en) | A kind of coal-mine soft-rock method for protecting support | |
| Zhang et al. | Spontaneous caving and gob-side entry retaining of thin seam with large inclined angle | |
| RU2125652C1 (en) | Method of extracting operations | |
| CN109973114A (en) | Deep is without roadside packing gob side entry retaining country rock integrated control method | |
| CN210948737U (en) | Efficient and rapid tunneling roadway support facility for inclined small-section half-coal-rock roadway with thin coal seam | |
| CN109630171A (en) | A method of along top tunnel along backplane relieving roadway floor lift control | |
| CN102425428A (en) | Method for controlling extreme broken roof in roadway head | |
| CN105156111B (en) | The method for protecting support of high working face lane formula filling Striping noise | |
| Yu et al. | Innovative control technique for the floor heave in goaf-side entry retaining based on pressure relief by roof cutting | |
| CN114087016B (en) | Caving-to-filling mining isolation top column pre-control supporting method | |
| CN114704314A (en) | High-slope collaborative anchoring structure of large-dip-angle soft coal seam roadway and construction method | |
| CN106837386B (en) | A kind of ultra thick coal bed fully mechanized anti-risk topmast protection structure of amplification span stope drift active workings | |
| CN112253193B (en) | Construction method of fully mechanized coal mining face retraction channel supporting system | |
| Su et al. | Research of the surrounding rock deformation control technology in roadway under multiple excavations and mining | |
| CN111042822B (en) | Extremely-close coal seam goaf down-cut roadway construction method | |
| CN210152690U (en) | Fully-mechanized top coal caving working face roadway arrangement and support device along bottom plate rock stratum |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |