CN112253193B - Construction method of fully mechanized coal mining face retraction channel supporting system - Google Patents
Construction method of fully mechanized coal mining face retraction channel supporting system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112253193B CN112253193B CN202011210616.3A CN202011210616A CN112253193B CN 112253193 B CN112253193 B CN 112253193B CN 202011210616 A CN202011210616 A CN 202011210616A CN 112253193 B CN112253193 B CN 112253193B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/15—Plate linings; Laggings, i.e. linings designed for holding back formation material or for transmitting the load to main supporting members
- E21D11/155—Laggings made of strips, slats, slabs or sheet piles
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D15/00—Props; Chocks, e.g. made of flexible containers filled with backfilling material
- E21D15/14—Telescopic props
- E21D15/44—Hydraulic, pneumatic, or hydraulic-pneumatic props
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D17/00—Caps for supporting mine roofs
Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method of a fully mechanized coal mining face withdrawing channel supporting system, which comprises the following construction steps: a flexible anchor rod and a truss anchor cable are arranged on the top plate in a penetrating mode; threaded steel anchor rods and side anchor cables penetrate through the side walls; injecting high-pressure water into the fracturing holes to perform hydraulic fracturing on the top plate; a lock catch anchor cable is fixedly arranged on the top plate in a penetrating way; and a plurality of hydraulic supports are supported on one side of the withdrawal passage adjacent to the stope face along the length direction. The advantages are that: the flexible anchor rods and the truss anchor cables are used for actively supporting a top plate of the withdrawing channel, and the deformed steel bar anchor rods and the side anchor cables are used for actively supporting the side walls of the withdrawing channel so as to improve the supporting strength of the withdrawing channel; performing hydraulic fracturing on the top plate, reducing the bearing capacity of the bearing body, and improving the supporting efficiency of the integral supporting structure body by combining a hydraulic support and a lock catch anchor cable; the invention reduces the construction cost, shortens the construction period, increases the retraction space of the retraction channel and is convenient for quickly and effectively retracting the electromechanical equipment on the fully mechanized coal mining face.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the technical field of coal mine fully mechanized coal mining face retraction engineering, in particular to a construction method of a fully mechanized coal mining face retraction channel supporting system.
Background art:
in the production process of underground coal mines, the equipment withdrawal of the fully-mechanized coal mining face is an indispensable process of ending in the working face withdrawal process, along with the improvement of the mechanization degree and the release of high-efficiency capacity of the coal industry, the development of heavy type, large scale and informatization of the fully-mechanized coal mining face is caused, the advancing speed of the working face is often broken through, the withdrawal times of the equipment of the working face are continuously increased, and whether the safety, high efficiency, low consumption and quick withdrawal of the fully-mechanized coal mining face are realized, so that the equipment withdrawal of the fully-mechanized coal mining face is one of important factors for restricting the increase of the coal yield and the benefit.
The fully mechanized mining face has the advantages that the electromechanical equipment is large in quantity, large in size, high in weight, narrow in working face space, severe in environment, large in roof pressure and complex in retraction process, higher requirements are provided for reliable safety performance and quality of retraction channel support, the requirements are particularly important for an impact ground pressure mine, the stress distribution is abnormal during the closing of the working face, the impact ground pressure is easy to induce due to linkage with adjacent working face goafs, and strong support is required; the support mode adopted at present is to support two rows of stack type supports at two sides of a retraction channel, the use of a large number of stack type supports increases the cost investment, generally about 500 ten thousand yuan is required to be invested, the time and the labor are wasted when the stack type supports are transported underground, the whole construction period is long, the construction period is about 30 days, the construction difficulty is high, and potential safety hazards exist in the transportation process; in addition, a large amount of space of a withdrawing channel is occupied by two rows of stack type supports, and electromechanical equipment on the fully mechanized coal mining face is not convenient to withdraw quickly and effectively.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a construction method of a fully mechanized coal mining face retraction channel support system, which is beneficial to shortening the construction period and can realize quick and effective retraction of equipment; the problems that an existing retracting channel is low in active supporting strength, a stack type support is low in passive supporting efficiency, retracting supporting cost is high, and potential safety hazards in the transportation process are large are solved.
The invention is implemented by the following technical scheme: a construction method of a fully mechanized coal mining face retraction channel supporting system comprises the following construction steps:
(1) During construction, pre-digging the withdrawal channel 500m before the stope face is penetrated; then, a plurality of flexible anchor rods and truss anchor cables are penetrated through and arranged on the top plate of the retraction channel to attach and fix a plurality of steel belts which are arranged in parallel to each other on the top plate to form a top plate active supporting area;
(2) A plurality of deformed steel bar anchor rods and side anchor cables penetrate through the withdrawing channel and are far away from the side wall of the stope face, and a plurality of steel strips arranged in parallel are attached and fixed on the side wall to form a side part active supporting area;
(3) When the distance between the stope face and the withdrawal channel is 100 meters, hydraulic fracturing is carried out, namely, a plurality of fracturing holes are drilled on the top plate on one side of the top plate active supporting area, which is close to the stope face, and the fracturing holes are arranged along the length direction of the withdrawal channel; injecting high-pressure water into each fracturing hole to perform hydraulic fracturing treatment on the top plate;
(4) A row of lock catch anchor cables penetrate and are fixed on the top plate between the top plate active supporting area and the fracturing hole;
(5) And finally, moving the hydraulic supports to a stoping line position, namely supporting a plurality of hydraulic supports on one side of the withdrawal channel, which is adjacent to the stoping working surface, along the length direction.
Further, the flexible anchor rods and the truss anchor cables are arranged in a matrix mode, and each row of the flexible anchor rods and each row of the truss anchor cables are alternately arranged along the length direction of the withdrawing channel; the two outermost rows of truss anchor cables are obliquely arranged in an inverted eight-direction mode, and the other flexible anchor rods penetrate through the top plate perpendicularly.
Further, the distance between each two adjacent flexible anchor rods in each row is 960mm, the distance between one row of flexible anchor rods adjacent to the hydraulic support and the lock anchor cable is 960mm, the distance between one row of flexible anchor rods adjacent to the upper active supporting area and the upper active supporting area is 960mm, the distance between each two adjacent rows of flexible anchor rods is 1500mm, and the depth of each flexible anchor rod is 4000mm; the distance between every two adjacent truss anchor cables in each row is 1200mm, the distance between the truss anchor cables in one row adjacent to the side part active supporting area and the side part active supporting area is 600mm, the distance between the truss anchor cables in one row adjacent to the hydraulic support and the supporting end part of the hydraulic support is 600mm, and the depth of the truss anchor cables is 8300mm; the distance between the flexible anchor rods in two adjacent rows and the truss anchor cable is 750mm; the outward inclination angles of the truss anchor cables in the two outermost rows are 15 degrees.
Furthermore, each deformed steel bar anchor rod and each anchor cable on the upper part are inserted into the side wall of the withdrawal channel in a matrix type arrangement, two rows of deformed steel bar anchors on the bottommost layer and the topmost layer and two rows of anchor cables on the upper part on the bottommost layer and the topmost layer are obliquely arranged in an outer splayed arrangement.
Furthermore, the distance between every two adjacent threaded steel anchor rods in each vertical row is 800mm, the distance between the top threaded steel anchor rod in the top row and the top plate is 300mm, and the distance between the bottom threaded steel anchor rod in the bottom row and the bottom plate is 400mm; the distance between every two adjacent deformed steel bar anchor rods in each longitudinal row is 900mm; the depth of the deformed steel bar anchor rod is 2500mm, and the depth of the side anchor cable is 5000mm; the deformed steel bar anchor rods and the side anchor cables which are arranged in a splayed shape are inclined outwards by 15 degrees.
Furthermore, the center distance between two adjacent fracturing holes is 8 meters, the inclination angle of each fracturing hole is 45 degrees, and the depth of each fracturing hole is 42 meters.
Further, the distance between two adjacent hydraulic supports is 1.75 meters.
Furthermore, the insertion depth of the lock catch anchor cable is 6300mm, and the distance between the lock catch anchor cable and the supporting end part of the hydraulic support is 200mm.
The invention has the advantages that: the flexible anchor rods and the truss anchor cables are used for actively supporting the top plate of the withdrawal channel, and the deformed steel bar anchor rods and the side anchor cables are used for actively supporting the side walls of the withdrawal channel, so that the supporting strength of the top plate and the side walls of the withdrawal channel is improved; performing hydraulic fracturing on the top plate, reducing the bearing capacity of a bearing layer, reducing the supporting area, reducing the deformation of surrounding rocks, and improving the supporting efficiency of the whole supporting structure body by combining a hydraulic support and a lock catch anchor cable; for a rock burst mine, during the period of ending of a working face, the stress distribution is abnormal, the rock burst mine is linked with a goaf of an adjacent working face, and the rock burst is easily induced; meanwhile, the active support of the top plate and the side wall is combined with the single-row hydraulic support, so that the construction cost is reduced, the investment cost is saved by 90%, the construction period is shortened by 50%, the retraction space of a retraction channel is enlarged, and the electromechanical equipment on the fully mechanized mining face can be quickly and effectively retracted conveniently.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a view taken along direction a of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a view from direction B of fig. 1.
The components in the drawings are numbered as follows: the device comprises a withdrawal channel 1, a top plate 1.1, a fracturing hole 1.11, a side wall 1.2, a top plate active supporting area 2, a flexible anchor rod 2.1, a truss anchor cable 2.2, a side wall active supporting area 3, a deformed steel bar anchor rod 3.1, a side wall anchor cable 3.2, a stope face 4, a lock catch anchor cable 5, a hydraulic support 6, a steel belt 7, a steel bar net 8 and a flexible net 9.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 to 3, a construction method of a fully mechanized mining face retracting channel supporting system comprises the following construction steps:
(1) During construction, pre-digging of the withdrawal passage 1 is carried out 500 meters before the withdrawal working face 4 is penetrated, and a plurality of steel belts 7 arranged in parallel are attached and fixed on the top plate 1.1 through penetrating a plurality of flexible anchor rods 2.1 and truss anchor cables 2.2 on the top plate 1.1 of the withdrawal passage 1 to form a top plate active supporting area 2;
(2) A plurality of deformed steel bar anchor rods 3.1 and side anchor cables 3.2 are arranged on the side wall 1.2 of the withdrawal passage 1 far away from the stope face 4 in a penetrating manner to attach and fix a plurality of steel strips 7 arranged in parallel on the side wall 1.2 to form a side active supporting area 3;
the top plate active supporting area 2 and the side part active supporting area 3 effectively control the deep surrounding rock of the withdrawal channel 1 to form a large reinforcing ring spanning three ring layers, the strength and the thickness of the bearing ring are improved by increasing the thickness of the anchoring layer, the performance of the deep surrounding rock is fully adjusted, the deformation of a shallow part is limited, the large-small displacement linkage is achieved, and the stress disturbance is resisted; meanwhile, the support density is reduced, the thickness of the bearing layer is increased, the accumulated deformation is reduced, the support efficiency and the support efficiency are improved, and the support is safe and reliable; the safety of the excavation period of the withdrawing passage 1 is ensured, and a ventilation, transportation and pedestrian system is formed;
(3) When the distance between the stope face 4 and the withdrawal channel 1 is 100 meters, hydraulic fracturing is carried out, namely, a plurality of fracturing holes 1.11 are drilled on a top plate 1.1 on one side of the top plate active supporting area 2, which is close to the stope face 4, and the fracturing holes 1.11 are arranged along the length direction of the withdrawal channel 1; injecting high-pressure water into each fracturing hole 1.11 to perform hydraulic fracturing treatment on the top plate 1.1; the center distance between every two adjacent fracturing holes 1.11 is 8 meters, the inclination angle of each fracturing hole 1.11 is 45 degrees, and the depth of each fracturing hole 1.11 is 42 meters; hydraulic fracturing is adopted for pre-breaking the top plate 1.1 to effectively relieve pressure, so that a stable inverted trapezoidal support body is formed; the length and the supporting area of the cantilever beam are reduced, and the bearing capacity of the bearing body is reduced;
(4) A lock catch anchor cable 5 is fixedly arranged on the top plate 1.1 between the top plate active supporting area 2 and the fracturing hole 1.11 in a penetrating way; the distance between the lock catch anchor cable 5 and the supporting end part of the hydraulic support 6 is 200mm, and the insertion depth of the lock catch anchor cable 5 is 6300mm; when the stope face 4 is communicated, a lock catch anchor cable 5 penetrates through the position 200mm in front of the hydraulic support 6, so that the rock covering structure of the top plate 1.1 is not damaged to form a stable and complete support structure body;
(5) Finally, the hydraulic supports 6 are moved to the position of a stoping line, namely a plurality of hydraulic supports 6 are supported on one side of the withdrawal passage 1 adjacent to the stoping working face 4 along the length direction, and the distance between every two adjacent hydraulic supports 6 is 1.75 m; when the stope face 4 is communicated with the withdrawing channel 1, the top plate 1.1 of the withdrawing channel 1 is effectively supported, so that the top plate 1.1 is in a safe and balanced stress state.
During construction, pre-digging the withdrawal passage 1500 meters before the extraction working face 4 is penetrated (the open-top time does not exceed 2 months) for implementation; and then, a flexible anchor rod 2.1, a truss anchor cable 2.2, a deformed steel bar anchor rod 3.1 and a side anchor cable 3.2 technical support form is adopted to carry out tunneling support on the withdrawal passage 1, when the withdrawal working face 4 and the withdrawal passage 1 are communicated by a front distance of 100 meters (the recoupling time of the top plate 1.1 is not more than 1 month), hydraulic fracturing top breaking is carried out, locking and anchoring are carried out when the working face is communicated, and finally, the hydraulic support 6 is moved to a mining stop line position.
Each flexible anchor rod 2.1 vertically penetrates through the top plate 1.1, and each flexible anchor rod 2.1 and each truss anchor cable 2.2 are arranged in a matrix manner; the outermost two rows of truss anchor cables 2.2 are obliquely arranged in an inverted eight-direction manner, and each row of flexible anchor rods 2.1 and each row of truss anchor cables 2.2 are alternately arranged along the length direction of the retraction channel 1; the distance between each two adjacent flexible anchor rods 2.1 in each row is 960mm, the distance between one row of flexible anchor rods 2.1 adjacent to the hydraulic support 6 and the lock anchor cable 5 is 960mm, the distance between one row of flexible anchor rods 2.1 adjacent to the upper part active supporting area 3 and the upper part active supporting area 3 is 960mm, the distance between each two adjacent flexible anchor rods 2.1 in each row is 1500mm, and the depth of each flexible anchor rod 2.1 is 4000mm; the distance between every two adjacent truss anchor cables 2.2 in each row is 1200mm, the distance between the truss anchor cable 2.2 in one row adjacent to the upper part active supporting area 3 and the upper part active supporting area 3 is 600mm, the distance between the truss anchor cable 2.2 in one row adjacent to the hydraulic support 6 and the supporting end part of the hydraulic support 6 is 600mm, and the depth of the truss anchor cable 2.2 is 8300mm; the distance between the flexible anchor rods 2.1 in two adjacent rows and the truss anchor cables 2.2 is 750mm; the outward inclination angle of the truss anchor cables 2.2 in the two outermost rows is 15 degrees.
Each screw-thread steel anchor rod 3.1 and each side anchor cable 3.2 are inserted into the side wall 1.2 of the withdrawal channel 1 in a matrix type arrangement, and two rows of screw-thread steel anchors at the bottommost layer and the topmost layer and two rows of side anchor cables 3.2 at the bottommost layer and the topmost layer are obliquely arranged in an outer splayed arrangement; the distance between every two adjacent vertical deformed steel bar anchor rods 3.1 is 800mm, the distance between the top deformed steel bar anchor rod 3.1 and the top plate 1.1 is 300mm, and the distance between the bottom deformed steel bar anchor rod 3.1 and the bottom plate is 400mm; the distance between 3.1 of every two adjacent deformed steel bar anchor rods in each longitudinal row is 900mm; the depth of the deformed steel bar anchor rod 3.1 is 2500mm, and the depth of the side anchor cable 3.2 is 5000mm; the deformed steel bar anchor rods 3.1 and the side anchor cables 3.2 which are arranged in a splayed shape are inclined outwards by 15 degrees.
The reinforcing mesh 8 and the flexible mesh 9 are fixed on the top plate 1.1 of the withdrawal channel 1, the reinforcing mesh 8 is fixed on the side wall 1.2 of the withdrawal channel 1, the meter protection effect on the withdrawal channel 1 is achieved through the reinforcing mesh 8 and the flexible mesh 9, and the flexible mesh 9 can prevent the top plate 1.1 from being broken and cause large-area roof collapse during withdrawal.
The invention can effectively simplify the supporting process of the withdrawing channel 1, reduce the potential safety hazard, realize the rapid withdrawing of the underground equipment and have better economic effect; an integral inverted trapezoid supporting structure can be formed, various supporting coupling synergistic effects are achieved, supporting is safe and efficient, and supporting efficiency is remarkably improved; the large-section safe and efficient support of the fully-mechanized mining face withdrawing channel 1 under the complex geological condition can be realized, and the traditional high-cost and low-efficiency support construction method is simplified.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A construction method of a fully mechanized coal mining face retraction channel supporting system is characterized by comprising the following construction steps:
(1) During construction, pre-digging the withdrawal channel 500m before the stope face is penetrated; then, a plurality of flexible anchor rods and truss anchor cables are arranged on the top plate of the retraction channel in a penetrating mode to enable a plurality of steel strips which are arranged in parallel to each other to be attached and fixed on the top plate, and an active top plate supporting area is formed;
(2) A plurality of deformed steel bar anchor rods and side anchor cables penetrate through the side walls of the withdrawing channel far away from the stope face to attach and fix a plurality of steel belts arranged in parallel on the side walls to form side active supporting areas;
(3) When the distance between the stope face and the withdrawal channel is 100 meters, hydraulic fracturing is carried out, namely, a plurality of fracturing holes are drilled on the top plate on one side of the top plate active supporting area, which is close to the stope face, and the fracturing holes are arranged along the length direction of the withdrawal channel; injecting high-pressure water into each fracturing hole to perform hydraulic fracturing treatment on the top plate;
(4) A row of lock catch anchor cables penetrate and are fixed on the top plate between the top plate active supporting area and the fracturing hole; (5) Finally, moving the hydraulic supports to a stoping line position, namely supporting a plurality of hydraulic supports on one side of the withdrawal channel, which is adjacent to the stoping working face, along the length direction; the insertion depth of the lock catch anchor cable is 6300mm, and the distance between the lock catch anchor cable and the supporting end part of the hydraulic support is 200mm.
2. The fully mechanized mining face retracting channel supporting system construction method of claim 1, wherein each flexible anchor rod and each truss anchor cable are arranged in a matrix type, and each row of the flexible anchor rods and each row of the truss anchor cables are alternately arranged along the length direction of the retracting channel; the two outermost rows of the truss anchor cables are arranged in an inverted eight-inclined mode, and the other flexible anchor rods penetrate through the top plate perpendicularly.
3. The fully mechanized mining face retraction channel support system construction method according to claim 2, wherein a distance between two adjacent flexible anchor rods in each row is 960mm, a distance between the flexible anchor rod and the lock catch anchor cable in one column adjacent to the hydraulic support is 960mm, a distance between the flexible anchor rod and the upper active support area in one column adjacent to the upper active support area is 960mm, a distance between two adjacent flexible anchor rods in each column is 1500mm, and a depth of the flexible anchor rod is 4000mm; the distance between every two adjacent truss anchor cables in each row is 1200mm, the distance between the truss anchor cables in one row adjacent to the side part active supporting area and the side part active supporting area is 600mm, the distance between the truss anchor cables in one row adjacent to the hydraulic support and the supporting end part of the hydraulic support is 600mm, and the depth of the truss anchor cables is 8300mm; the distance between the flexible anchor rods in two adjacent rows and the truss anchor cable is 750mm; the outward inclination angles of the truss anchor cables in the two outermost rows are 15 degrees.
4. The fully mechanized mining face retracting channel supporting system construction method of claim 1, wherein the deformed steel bar anchor rods and the wall anchor cables are inserted into the side walls of the retracting channel in a matrix type arrangement, and two rows of the deformed steel bar anchor rods at the bottommost layer and the topmost layer and two rows of the wall anchor cables at the bottommost layer and the topmost layer are obliquely arranged in an outer splayed arrangement.
5. The fully mechanized mining face retracting channel supporting system construction method according to claim 4, wherein the distance between every two adjacent vertical rows of the deformed steel bar anchor rods is 800mm, the distance between the top-most row of the deformed steel bar anchor rods and the top plate is 300mm, and the distance between the bottom-most row of the deformed steel bar anchor rods and the bottom plate is 400mm; the distance between every two adjacent deformed steel anchor rods in each longitudinal row is 900mm; the depth of the deformed steel bar anchor rod is 2500mm, and the depth of the side anchor cable is 5000mm; the deformed steel bar anchor rods and the side anchor cables which are arranged in an outer splayed shape are inclined outwards by 15 degrees.
6. The fully mechanized mining face retracting channel supporting system construction method of claim 1, wherein the center distance between two adjacent fracturing holes is 8 meters, the inclination angle of the fracturing holes is 45 degrees, and the depth of the fracturing holes is 42 meters.
7. The construction method for the fully mechanized mining face retracting channel supporting system according to claim 1, wherein the distance between two adjacent hydraulic supports is 1.75 meters.
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| CN112727509B (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2023-06-20 | 库车县科兴煤炭实业有限责任公司 | Anchor net rope supporting method and structure for large mining height fully-mechanized mining support withdrawing channel of thick coal seam |
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| US4192631A (en) * | 1978-05-12 | 1980-03-11 | The Eastern Company | Mine roof support method and apparatus |
| CN105134266A (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2015-12-09 | 天地科技股份有限公司 | Support method for fully-mechanized coal mining face full-negative-pressure withdrawing channel |
| CN107313777A (en) * | 2017-05-09 | 2017-11-03 | 天地科技股份有限公司 | The main return channel hydraulic fracturing pressure relief method of fully-mechanized mining working and device |
| CN107100659A (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-08-29 | 四川川煤华荣能源股份有限公司 | High inclination-angle high working face hydraulic support withdrawing system and withdraw method |
| CN110821537B (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2021-02-09 | 淮矿西部煤矿投资管理有限公司 | Support method for fully-mechanized coal mining face pre-digging single-withdrawing channel |
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