CN104452784B - Composite bolt pile used for slope strengthening and construction technique of composite bolt pile - Google Patents
Composite bolt pile used for slope strengthening and construction technique of composite bolt pile Download PDFInfo
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- CN104452784B CN104452784B CN201410772933.2A CN201410772933A CN104452784B CN 104452784 B CN104452784 B CN 104452784B CN 201410772933 A CN201410772933 A CN 201410772933A CN 104452784 B CN104452784 B CN 104452784B
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 title 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
- E02D17/207—Securing of slopes or inclines with means incorporating sheet piles or piles
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
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- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于边坡加固的复合锚杆桩及其施工工艺,包括锚杆和注浆体,注浆体填充于锚杆周围,锚杆包括自由段和锚固段,锚杆的自由段一侧固定有注浆管,注浆管与锚杆成一体,锚杆的自由段外侧设有土工布,锚杆的锚固段的顶端横向固定有预留钢筋,预留钢筋与横梁主筋相固定,横梁主筋外侧架设有横梁。分竖向和斜向两种形式,通过在钻孔中布设3~6根锚杆,通过改变锚固段在钻孔中的位置,可有效提高张拉预应力。该发明具有整体稳定性好,抗弯抗剪强度大,可用于路基边坡坡顶、坡脚以及坡面的抗滑加固;锚杆孔径大,横向位置布置钻孔数量少,且每个钻孔能够同时放置多根钢筋,可减少路基横向之间锚索的布置,同时实现对边坡的有效加固。
The invention discloses a composite anchor pile for slope reinforcement and its construction technology, which comprises an anchor and a grouting body, the grouting body is filled around the anchor, the anchor includes a free section and an anchoring section, and the anchor A grouting pipe is fixed on one side of the free section, and the grouting pipe is integrated with the anchor rod. A geotextile is arranged outside the free section of the anchor rod, and a reserved steel bar is fixed horizontally on the top of the anchoring section of the anchor rod. The reserved steel bar is connected with the main reinforcement of the beam. The phase is fixed, and the beam is erected on the outside of the main reinforcement of the beam. There are two types of vertical and oblique. By arranging 3 to 6 anchor rods in the borehole and changing the position of the anchor section in the borehole, the tensile prestress can be effectively improved. The invention has good overall stability, high bending and shear strength, and can be used for anti-sliding reinforcement of the slope top, slope toe and slope surface of the subgrade slope; Multiple steel bars can be placed in the hole at the same time, which can reduce the arrangement of anchor cables between the lateral sides of the subgrade, and at the same time achieve effective reinforcement of the slope.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于道路路基加固工程领域,具体涉及一种路基边坡抗滑加固技术,尤其是一种用于高速公路路基边坡抗滑加固复合锚杆桩及其施工工艺。The invention belongs to the field of roadbed reinforcement engineering, in particular to a roadbed slope anti-sliding reinforcement technology, in particular to a composite anchor pile used for the anti-sliding reinforcement of expressway roadbed slopes and its construction technology.
背景技术Background technique
路基边坡滑坡、侧滑、坍塌等是目前高速公路填方路基尤其是高填方路基常见的病害,造成这些灾害的主要原因有强降雨冲刷、支挡结构强度不足、上部荷载作用过大等。目前工程上常用的处理措施主要有在坡顶或者坡脚位置钢管桩、在边坡坡面上通过钻孔注浆技术设置预应力锚杆等技术。钢管桩技术是指在小型钻孔中放置钢管,然后通过压力注浆或者灌注混凝土进行封孔,形成微型钻孔灌注桩,然后在顶部设置现浇横梁形成整体排桩,该技术具有结构整体性强、工艺简单、造价低等优势,目前成为边坡治理中常用的处置技术,但是该技术在钻孔内部仅设置一根钢管,没有设置锚杆,因此在结构顶端不能施加预应力,造成结构强度低,而且不能用于边坡坡面加固。预应力锚杆技术是指在坡面钻孔,植入锚杆,灌浆之后进行预应力张拉、锚固。该技术常用于坡面加固中,由于在锚杆中施加预应力,使路基边坡呈现受压状态,防止边坡侧滑。但是该技术钻孔直径较小,预应力锚杆长度大,造成其抗剪、抗弯强度低,无法抵抗土体下滑引起的锚杆弯矩和剪切力。Landslides, sideslips, and collapses of roadbed side slopes are common diseases of expressway filled roadbeds, especially high-filled roadbeds. The main causes of these disasters are heavy rainfall erosion, insufficient strength of supporting and retaining structures, and excessive load on the upper part, etc. . At present, the commonly used treatment measures in engineering mainly include steel pipe piles at the top or foot of the slope, and setting prestressed anchor rods on the slope surface through drilling and grouting technology. Steel pipe pile technology refers to placing steel pipes in small boreholes, then sealing the holes by pressure grouting or pouring concrete to form micro bored piles, and then setting cast-in-place beams on the top to form an integral row of piles. This technology has structural integrity. It has the advantages of high performance, simple process, and low cost. It has become a commonly used disposal technology in slope treatment. However, this technology only installs a steel pipe inside the borehole and does not install anchor rods. Therefore, prestress cannot be applied to the top of the structure, resulting in The structural strength is low, and it cannot be used for slope reinforcement. The prestressed anchor technology refers to drilling holes on the slope, implanting the anchor, and prestressing and anchoring after grouting. This technology is often used in slope reinforcement. Due to the prestressing force applied to the anchor rod, the embankment slope is in a compressed state and prevents the slope from slipping. However, the diameter of the borehole is small and the length of the prestressed anchor is large, resulting in low shear and bending strength, which cannot resist the bending moment and shear force of the anchor caused by the slide of the soil.
中国专利CN 101220597 A公开了一种岩土边坡支挡结构,通过钻孔灌浆技术,实现对破碎岩体边坡的加固。但该专利仅适用于岩体路堑边坡的加固,对于土体边坡,该加固技术不适用,同时该加固技术中微型桩只能倾斜布置,不能竖直布置在路肩位置,适用范围有限。在施工过程中该支挡结构需对每一个微型桩进行钻孔施工,施工难度大,而且对于破碎严重岩体,往往会在施工过程中由于振动造成破碎岩体的塌孔甚至边坡滑塌,同时该支挡结构内部钢筋没有施加预应力,加固效果不明显,边坡容易产生侧向滑移。Chinese patent CN 101220597 A discloses a retaining structure for a rock-soil slope, which realizes reinforcement of a broken rock mass slope through drilling and grouting technology. However, this patent is only applicable to the reinforcement of rock cutting slopes. For soil slopes, this reinforcement technology is not applicable. At the same time, the micro piles in this reinforcement technology can only be arranged obliquely, not vertically on the road shoulder, and the scope of application is limited. During the construction process, the supporting and retaining structure needs to drill holes for each micro-pile, which is difficult to construct. Moreover, for severely broken rock mass, the collapse of the broken rock mass or even the slope collapse will often be caused by vibration during the construction process. , at the same time, the internal reinforcement of the retaining structure is not prestressed, the reinforcement effect is not obvious, and the side slope is prone to lateral slippage.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是为克服上述现有技术的不足,提供一种用于边坡加固的复合锚杆桩,分斜向和竖向两种形式,通过改变锚固段在钻孔中的位置,可有效提高张拉预应力,该复合锚杆桩具有整体稳定性好,抗弯抗剪强度大,可用于路基边坡坡顶、坡脚以及坡面的抗滑加固。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art and provide a composite anchor pile for slope reinforcement, which can be divided into oblique and vertical forms. By changing the position of the anchor section in the borehole, it can The tension prestress is effectively improved. The composite anchor pile has good overall stability and high flexural and shear strength, and can be used for anti-sliding reinforcement of the slope top, slope foot and slope surface of the roadbed side slope.
为实现上述目的,本发明采用下述技术方案:To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
一种用于边坡加固的复合锚杆桩,包括锚杆和注浆体,所述注浆体填充于锚杆周围,所述锚杆包括自由段和锚固段,所述锚杆的自由段一侧固定有注浆管,所述注浆管与锚杆成一体,所述锚杆的自由段外侧设有土工布,其作用是包裹自由段锚杆,使锚杆在预应力张拉时与注浆材料脱离,便于张拉,锚杆外侧土工布宜设置1~2层,并用钢丝固定。所述锚杆的锚固段的顶端横向固定有预留钢筋。A composite anchor pile for slope reinforcement, comprising an anchor and a grouting body, the grouting body is filled around the anchor, the anchor includes a free section and an anchor section, the free section of the anchor A grouting pipe is fixed on one side, and the grouting pipe is integrated with the anchor rod. A geotextile is arranged outside the free section of the anchor rod, and its function is to wrap the free section of the anchor rod so that the anchor rod Separated from the grouting material, it is easy to stretch, and the geotextile on the outside of the anchor should be set up 1 to 2 layers, and fixed with steel wires. The top end of the anchoring section of the anchor rod is laterally fixed with reserved steel bars.
所述预留钢筋与横梁主筋相固定,所述横梁主筋外侧架设有横梁,所述横梁将至少两个复合锚杆桩连接起来。The reserved reinforcement is fixed to the main reinforcement of the crossbeam, and a crossbeam is erected outside the main reinforcement of the crossbeam, and the crossbeam connects at least two composite anchor piles.
所述锚杆数量为至少三个。The number of the anchor rods is at least three.
所述锚杆通过混凝土锚墩和锚定板进行锚固。The anchor rod is anchored through a concrete anchor pier and an anchor plate.
所述锚杆的直径为根据钻孔大小每孔设置3~6根。The diameter of the anchor rod is Set 3 to 6 per hole according to the size of the drilled hole.
所述锚杆的自由段长度相同,使锚杆位于地下的深度相同。The lengths of the free sections of the anchor rods are the same, so that the anchor rods are located at the same depth underground.
所述锚杆的自由段长度不同,并逐渐递增,使锚杆位于地下的深度不同。对于破坏程度较大的边坡,应采用自由段不同的锚杆,其目的是为使锚固段在不同深度处,使锚固力受力均匀,并增大锚固力。该结构施工较自由段相同时工艺复杂,只在破坏程度较大的边坡使用。The free sections of the anchor rods have different lengths and gradually increase, so that the anchor rods are located at different depths underground. For slopes with a greater degree of damage, anchor rods with different free sections should be used, the purpose of which is to make the anchoring force uniform and increase the anchoring force at different depths of the anchoring section. The construction of this structure is more complicated than that of the free section, and it is only used on slopes with greater damage.
一种用于边坡加固的复合锚杆桩的施工工艺,包括以下步骤:A construction technique for composite anchor piles for slope reinforcement, comprising the following steps:
步骤1:勘测场地,确定锚杆桩深度、孔径以及坡面锚杆桩的倾斜角度,确定加固区域复合锚杆桩的具体位置、桩间距横梁尺寸;Step 1: Survey the site, determine the anchor pile depth, aperture and inclination angle of the slope anchor pile, and determine the specific position of the composite anchor pile in the reinforcement area and the size of the pile spacing beam;
步骤2:进行钻孔,竖向形式锚杆桩钻孔应与路面垂直,倾斜角度不能超过1度;Step 2: Carry out drilling, the drilling of vertical anchor piles should be perpendicular to the road surface, and the inclination angle should not exceed 1 degree;
步骤3:将锚杆的自由段用土工布包裹,放置锚杆至钻孔底部;Step 3: Wrap the free section of the anchor rod with geotextile and place the anchor rod to the bottom of the borehole;
步骤4:放置锚杆之后,对锚杆的锚固段进行灌浆,注浆管与注浆机连接,在注浆体达到自由段时,停止注浆;Step 4: After placing the anchor rod, grout the anchoring section of the anchor rod, connect the grouting pipe to the grouting machine, and stop grouting when the grouting body reaches the free section;
步骤5:对锚杆的自由段进行灌浆处理,之后进行预应力的张拉,先进行初步张拉再进行锁定张拉,张拉完成之后进行锚固;Step 5: Grout the free section of the anchor rod, and then perform prestressed tensioning, first perform preliminary tensioning and then lock tensioning, and anchor after tensioning is completed;
步骤6:锚杆的自由段注浆体达到预设强度后,开挖横梁坑槽,架设模板,焊接主筋和预留钢筋,浇筑混凝土,完成横梁的制作。Step 6: After the grouting body of the free section of the anchor rod reaches the preset strength, the beam pit is excavated, the formwork is erected, the main reinforcement and the reserved steel bar are welded, and the concrete is poured to complete the production of the beam.
本发明的有益效果为:The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1、与现有的钢管桩技术相比较,本发明通过设置锚杆,可实现对复合锚杆桩的预应力张拉,有效提高了桩体强度,可用于坡面位置抗滑加固,扩大了该技术应用范围。同时在桩顶位置处设置横向预留钢筋,可与横梁主筋搭接焊接,保证了桩身与横梁的连接稳定性,增强结构的整体强度与稳定性。1. Compared with the existing steel pipe pile technology, the present invention can realize the prestress tension of the composite anchor pile by setting the anchor rod, effectively improving the strength of the pile body, and can be used for anti-sliding reinforcement of the slope position, expanding range of application of this technology. At the same time, a horizontal reserved steel bar is set at the top of the pile, which can be lapped and welded with the main reinforcement of the beam, which ensures the stability of the connection between the pile body and the beam, and enhances the overall strength and stability of the structure.
2、与现有预应力锚杆技术相比较,本发明桩体直径大,内部设置多根预应力锚杆,强度大,可有效解决预应力锚杆技术无法抵抗土体下滑引起的锚杆弯矩和剪切力弊端,更能有效的增强边坡的稳定性。2. Compared with the existing prestressed anchor technology, the pile body of the present invention has a large diameter, and multiple prestressed anchors are arranged inside, which has high strength and can effectively solve the problem that the prestressed anchor technology cannot resist the anchor bending caused by the soil sliding. The shortcomings of moment and shear force can effectively enhance the stability of the slope.
3、与现有预应力锚杆技术相比较,预应力锚杆锚固段位置相互错开,能够避免张拉时锚固段强度不足造成锚杆被拽出,提高了张拉预应力,增强了桩体刚度。本发明锚筋锚固位置不同,可实现锚筋的有效锚固,增大整体强度。3. Compared with the existing prestressed anchor technology, the positions of the anchor sections of the prestressed anchor are staggered from each other, which can avoid the anchor being pulled out due to the insufficient strength of the anchor section during tension, which improves the tension prestress and strengthens the pile body. stiffness. The present invention has different anchoring positions of the anchor bars, which can realize effective anchoring of the anchor bars and increase the overall strength.
4、本发明锚杆孔径大,横向位置布置钻孔数量少,且每个钻孔能够同时放置多根钢筋,可减少路基横向之间锚索的布置,同时实现对边坡的有效加固;内部钢筋施加预应力,整体刚度大,可用于路肩位置的支挡,起到类似钢管桩的作用。4. The bolt hole diameter of the present invention is large, and the number of drilled holes arranged in the lateral position is small, and each drilled hole can place multiple steel bars at the same time, which can reduce the arrangement of anchor cables between the lateral sides of the subgrade, and at the same time realize effective reinforcement of the slope; The steel bars are prestressed, and the overall rigidity is large, which can be used as a support at the shoulder of the road, and plays a role similar to steel pipe piles.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明锚固段在同一深度处的锚杆桩结构示意图;Fig. 1 is the structural representation of anchor piles at the same depth of anchorage section of the present invention;
图2为本发明锚固段在不同深度处的锚杆桩结构示意图;Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the anchor pile structure of the anchor section of the present invention at different depths;
图3为本发明锚固段在同一深度处的锚杆桩加固边坡示意图;Fig. 3 is the anchor pile reinforced slope schematic diagram at the same depth of the anchor section of the present invention;
图4为图3中A处的局部放大图;Fig. 4 is a partial enlarged view of place A in Fig. 3;
图5为图3中B处的局部放大图;Fig. 5 is a partial enlarged view of place B in Fig. 3;
图6为本发明锚固段在不同深度处的锚杆桩加固边坡的示意图;Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the slope reinforced by anchor piles at different depths in the anchor section of the present invention;
图7为本发明两复合锚杆桩之间横梁连接的示意图;Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of beam connection between two composite anchor piles of the present invention;
图中,1、锚杆,2、自由段,3、锚固段,4、注浆体,5、注浆管,6、土工布,7、混凝土锚墩,8、锚定板,9、预留钢筋,10、横梁,11、横梁主筋。In the figure, 1. anchor rod, 2. free section, 3. anchor section, 4. grouting body, 5. grouting pipe, 6. geotextile, 7. concrete anchor pier, 8. anchor plate, 9. prefabricated Stay steel bar, 10, crossbeam, 11, main reinforcement of crossbeam.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
如图1-7所示,用于边坡加固的复合锚杆桩,包括锚杆1和注浆体4,注浆体4填充于锚杆1周围,锚杆1包括自由段2和锚固段3,锚杆1的自由段2一侧固定有注浆管5,注浆管5与锚杆1成一体,锚杆1的自由段2外侧设有土工布6,锚杆桩布置间距为1.5~2m,锚固段长度为1.5~4m,在锚固段3顶部设置预留钢筋9,与横梁主筋11焊接。横梁主筋11外侧架设有横梁10,横梁10将两个复合锚杆桩连接起来。锚杆1为HRB型螺纹钢筋,强度不低于HRB335,直径为长度与钻孔深度相同,根据钻孔大小每孔设置3~6根。锚杆1通过混凝土锚墩7和锚定板8进行锚固。As shown in Figure 1-7, the composite anchor pile used for slope reinforcement includes an anchor 1 and a grouting body 4, the grouting body 4 is filled around the anchor 1, and the anchor 1 includes a free section 2 and an anchoring section 3. A grouting pipe 5 is fixed on one side of the free section 2 of the anchor 1, and the grouting pipe 5 is integrated with the anchor 1. A geotextile 6 is arranged on the outside of the free section 2 of the anchor 1, and the distance between the anchor piles is 1.5 ~2m, the length of the anchoring section is 1.5~4m, and the reserved steel bar 9 is set on the top of the anchoring section 3, which is welded with the main reinforcement 11 of the beam. A crossbeam 10 is erected outside the main reinforcement 11 of the crossbeam, and the crossbeam 10 connects two composite anchor piles. Anchor rod 1 is HRB type threaded steel bar, the strength is not lower than HRB335, and the diameter is The length is the same as the drilling depth, and 3 to 6 are set in each hole according to the size of the drilling. The anchor rod 1 is anchored through the concrete anchor pier 7 and the anchor plate 8 .
钻孔直径为15~30cm,其深度应超过滑移面2~3m,钻孔完成之后应进行清孔处理,钻孔内采用压力注浆,注浆压力控制在0.4~1.0MPa。注浆方法宜采用单管注浆或多管注浆。单管注浆是指在桩中心设置一根注浆管,可采用袖管注浆工艺。多管注浆是指每根锚杆配一根相同长度的注浆管进行注浆。The diameter of the borehole is 15-30cm, and its depth should exceed the sliding surface by 2-3m. After the borehole is completed, it should be cleaned. Pressure grouting is used in the borehole, and the grouting pressure is controlled at 0.4-1.0MPa. The grouting method should be single-pipe grouting or multi-pipe grouting. Single-pipe grouting refers to setting a grouting pipe in the center of the pile, and the sleeve-pipe grouting process can be used. Multi-pipe grouting means that each anchor rod is equipped with a grouting pipe of the same length for grouting.
注浆管5为袖阀管注浆用钢管,直径为2~4cm,长度与锚杆1相同,并与锚杆1焊接成一体,在锚固段3每隔10~20cm长度打孔,孔径为3~5mm。注浆管5注浆端应进行密封处理,再与注浆机相连。Grouting pipe 5 is a steel pipe for sleeve valve pipe grouting, with a diameter of 2 to 4 cm, the same length as anchor rod 1, and is welded into one with anchor rod 1, and holes are punched at anchoring section 3 every 10 to 20 cm in length. 3~5mm. The grouting end of the grouting pipe 5 should be sealed before being connected with the grouting machine.
注浆材料为水泥砂浆,砂浆采用细砂或特细砂配置,标号不低于M30,水灰比为0.8~1.2,砂的质量分数不超过30%。The grouting material is cement mortar, the mortar is made of fine sand or extra fine sand, the grade is not lower than M30, the water-cement ratio is 0.8-1.2, and the mass fraction of sand is not more than 30%.
土工布6为普通建筑用土工布,其作用是包裹自由段锚杆,使锚杆在预应力张拉时与注浆材料脱离,便于张拉,锚杆外侧土工布宜设置1~2层,并用钢丝固定。Geotextile 6 is a geotextile for ordinary construction. Its function is to wrap the free section of the anchor rod, so that the anchor rod is separated from the grouting material during prestressed tension, which is convenient for stretching. And fixed with steel wire.
横梁10为钢筋混凝土结构,其作用是将多个锚杆桩连接成一个整体,在锚杆锚固完成之后,在锚固端部沿纵向开挖坑槽,架设钢筋并与预留钢筋焊接,放置模板浇筑混凝土,混凝土强度大于C40。The crossbeam 10 is a reinforced concrete structure, and its function is to connect multiple anchor piles into a whole. After the anchor bolts are anchored, excavate pits along the longitudinal direction at the anchor ends, erect steel bars and weld them with reserved steel bars, and place formwork Pouring concrete, the concrete strength is greater than C40.
用于边坡加固的复合锚杆桩的施工工艺,包括以下步骤:The construction technology of the composite anchor pile used for slope reinforcement includes the following steps:
第一步,首先应勘测场地,根据现场条件、滑坡位置、破坏区域大小确定锚杆桩深度、孔径以及坡面锚杆桩的倾斜角度,之后进行场地测量放线,确定加固区域复合锚杆桩的具体位置、桩间距横梁尺寸等参数。The first step is to survey the site first, determine the anchor pile depth, aperture, and slope angle of the anchor pile according to the site conditions, landslide location, and damage area size, and then carry out site measurement and setting out to determine the composite anchor pile in the reinforcement area. Parameters such as the specific location of the pile, the size of the pile spacing, and the beam size.
第二步:钻机就位,进行钻孔,竖向形式锚杆桩钻孔应与路面垂直,倾斜角度不能超过1度,为了达到更好的锚固效果,钻孔底部应增大截面,钻孔完成以后进行清孔处理。The second step: the drilling rig is in place and drilling is carried out. The drilling of vertical anchor piles should be perpendicular to the road surface, and the inclination angle should not exceed 1 degree. Clean the holes after completion.
第三步,放置预应力锚杆1,锚杆1应伸到钻孔底部,在放置锚杆1之前,应先将自由段2用土工布6包扎,同孔中的锚杆1应同时安装,安装时可设置架立钢筋以保证锚杆之间的间距。The third step is to place the prestressed anchor rod 1. The anchor rod 1 should reach the bottom of the drilled hole. Before placing the anchor rod 1, the free section 2 should be wrapped with geotextile 6, and the anchor rod 1 in the same hole should be installed at the same time. , Erecting steel bars can be set during installation to ensure the spacing between anchor rods.
第四步:放置锚杆1之后,对锚固段3进行灌浆,注浆管5与注浆机连接,在注浆体4达到自由段2时,停止注浆。Step 4: After placing the anchor rod 1, grout the anchor section 3, connect the grouting pipe 5 to the grouting machine, and stop grouting when the grouting body 4 reaches the free section 2.
第五步:待锚固段3注浆体4强度达到设计强度大于80%后,对自由段2进行灌浆处理,之后进行预应力的张拉,锚杆正式张拉时,应张拉至设计荷载的105%~110%,再按规定值进行锁定张拉完成以后进行锚固。Step 5: After the strength of the grouting body 4 of the anchorage section 3 reaches the design strength greater than 80%, grout the free section 2, and then perform prestressed tension. When the anchor is formally tensioned, it should be tensioned to the design load 105% to 110% of the specified value, and then anchored after the locking and tensioning is completed according to the specified value.
第六步:自由段注浆体4达到一定强度后,开挖混凝土横梁10坑槽,架设模板,焊接主筋和预留钢筋9,浇筑混凝土,完成横梁的制作。Step 6: After the grouting body 4 of the free section reaches a certain strength, excavate the concrete beam 10 pit, erect the formwork, weld the main reinforcement and the reserved steel bar 9, pour concrete, and complete the fabrication of the beam.
实施例1:Example 1:
如图1所示,为竖向形式锚杆桩,根据现场确定加固设计方案参数,锚固段在同一深度处复合锚杆桩,首先在坡顶测距放线,确定钻孔位置,按照设计方案参数钻孔,清孔完成以后放置锚杆,通过袖阀管灌浆技术灌浆封孔,自由锻注浆体达到一定强度后,开挖横梁坑槽,架设模板,焊接主筋和预留钢筋,浇筑混凝土,完成横梁的制作。As shown in Figure 1, it is a vertical anchor pile. The parameters of the reinforcement design plan are determined according to the site. The anchor section is composite anchor pile at the same depth. After parameter drilling and hole clearing, anchor rods are placed, and the hole is grouted and sealed by sleeve valve grouting technology. After the free forging grout reaches a certain strength, the beam pit is excavated, the formwork is erected, the main reinforcement and reserved reinforcement are welded, and the concrete is poured. , to complete the fabrication of beams.
实施例2:Example 2:
如图3所示,竖向形式锚杆桩和斜向形式预应力锚杆桩,根据现场确定加固设计方案参数,锚固段在同一深度处复合锚杆桩,首先在坡面测距放线,确定钻孔位置,按照设计方案参数钻孔,清孔完成以后放置锚杆,通过袖阀管灌浆技术在锚固段灌浆,待注浆体达到设计强度80%后,对自由段进行灌浆处理,之后对锚杆进行预应力张拉和锚固。自由锻注浆体达到一定强度后,开挖横梁坑槽,架设模板,焊接主筋和预留钢筋,浇筑混凝土,完成横梁的制作。As shown in Fig. 3, the anchor piles in the vertical form and the prestressed anchor piles in the oblique form are determined according to the parameters of the reinforcement design scheme on site, and the anchorage section is combined with the anchor piles at the same depth. Determine the location of the drilling hole, drill the hole according to the parameters of the design plan, place the anchor rod after the hole cleaning is completed, and grout the anchoring section through the sleeve valve grouting technology. After the grouting body reaches 80% of the design strength, grout the free section, and then Prestressed tensioning and anchoring of anchor rods. After the free forging grouting body reaches a certain strength, the beam pit is excavated, the formwork is erected, the main reinforcement and reserved reinforcement are welded, and the concrete is poured to complete the beam.
实施例3:Example 3:
如图6所示,为斜向形式预应力锚杆桩,根据现场确定加固设计方案参数,锚固段在不同深度处复合锚杆桩,首先在坡面测距放线,确定钻孔位置,按照设计方案参数钻孔,清孔完成以后放置锚杆,通过袖阀管灌浆技术在锚固段和自由段灌浆,待注浆体达到设计强度80%后,对锚杆进行预应力张拉和锚固,开挖横梁坑槽,架设模板,焊接主筋和预留钢筋,浇筑混凝土,完成横梁的制作。As shown in Figure 6, it is an oblique form of prestressed anchor pile. The parameters of the reinforcement design scheme are determined according to the site. The anchor section is compounded with anchor piles at different depths. The design parameters are to drill the hole and place the anchor rod after the hole cleaning is completed, and grout the anchor section and the free section through the sleeve valve grouting technology. After the grout reaches 80% of the design strength, the anchor bolt is prestressed and anchored. Excavate the beam pit, erect the formwork, weld the main bars and reserved steel bars, pour concrete, and complete the beam.
上述虽然结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行了描述,但并非对本发明保护范围的限制,所属领域技术人员应该明白,在本发明的技术方案的基础上,本领域技术人员不需要付出创造性劳动即可做出的各种修改或变形仍在本发明的保护范围以内。Although the specific implementation of the present invention has been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it does not limit the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to pay creative work Various modifications or variations that can be made are still within the protection scope of the present invention.
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CN107034903B (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2019-05-28 | 赣州有色冶金研究所 | A kind of construction method of reinforcement device |
CN108104854B (en) * | 2018-01-05 | 2019-06-28 | 中铁五局集团第四工程有限责任公司 | A kind of grouting construction method of quick tensioning anchor cable |
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CN111074888A (en) * | 2020-02-06 | 2020-04-28 | 贵州星隆迪岩土工程有限公司 | Super-strong anti-slip anchor rod and construction method |
CN112878358A (en) * | 2020-09-13 | 2021-06-01 | 湖南城市学院 | Existing retaining wall reinforcing construction method and reinforcing structure thereof |
CN113202090B (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2024-03-12 | 中国葛洲坝集团第一工程有限公司 | Tensioning type anchoring device capable of monitoring deformation and construction method thereof |
CN113279416B (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2022-12-23 | 游永华 | Highway side slope reinforcing apparatus |
CN113529723B (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2023-01-03 | 浙江钱塘江水利建筑工程有限公司 | Underwater cast-in-place pile pipe shaking equipment |
CN114182741A (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-03-15 | 山东省高速养护集团有限公司 | Method for reinforcing roadbed slope by tension-compression composite type enlarged footing anchor rod |
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