CN109627371A - 一种药包铝箔粘合剂专用水性乳液及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种药包铝箔粘合剂专用水性乳液及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109627371A
CN109627371A CN201811487053.5A CN201811487053A CN109627371A CN 109627371 A CN109627371 A CN 109627371A CN 201811487053 A CN201811487053 A CN 201811487053A CN 109627371 A CN109627371 A CN 109627371A
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项洪伟
卢遥
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WUXI HONGHUI NEW MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明属于粘合剂领域，具体涉及一种药包铝箔粘合剂专用水性乳液及其制备方法，包括如下质量百分比的各组分：单体45‑60%、阴离子型乳化剂0.8‑1.5%、非离子型乳化剂0.2‑0.5%、引发剂0.2‑0.4%、水余量；所述单体包括氯乙烯、醋酸乙烯酯、丙烯酸酯、苯乙烯和功能单体。本发明的水性乳液采用的单体为氯乙烯、醋酸乙烯酯、丙烯酸酯、苯乙烯和马来酸酐，利用相似相容原理，在水性乳液中引入氯乙烯，可以提高胶黏剂在PVC硬片上的附着力；马来酸酐水解后产生羧基可以与铝箔的表面的羟基生成氢键，提高与铝箔之间的附着力，但马来酸酐因离子共轭，和大多数单体不能完全聚合，所以在本发明中同时引入苯乙烯，苯乙烯和马来酸酐分别带有电荷和正电荷，从而使马来酸酐易于参与聚合。

Description

一种药包铝箔粘合剂专用水性乳液及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于粘合剂领域，具体涉及一种药包铝箔粘合剂专用水性乳液及其制备方法。
背景技术
生物制药是和我们息息相关的产业，药品包装大部分使用的是铝箔和透明PVC硬片制作，这两个基材必须依靠胶黏剂粘在一起，这就需要用到热熔胶。目前市场中使用最多的是溶剂型氯醋三元树脂和聚氨酯树脂，这种胶黏剂中有50％-70％都是溶剂，对环境造成污染。基于环境保护和国家政策响应，水性热熔胶的市场也越来越明朗。虽然现阶段水性聚氨酯可以用于药品包装，但其价格较高，企业成本升高，进而也造成药品价格的提升，进一步增加患者负担。所以制备出价格低廉，性能优良的水性热熔胶十分符合需求。
发明内容
为了提供一种同时满足环保和低成本要求的高性能药包铝箔粘合剂专用水性乳液，本发明公开了一种药包铝箔粘合剂专用水性乳液及其制备方法，该水性乳液成本低，稳定性好，粘性大，与铝箔和PVC硬片之间均具有良好的附着力。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种药包铝箔粘合剂专用水性乳液，包括如下质量百分比的各组分：
单体45-60％
阴离子型乳化剂0.8-1.5％
非离子型乳化剂0.2-0.5％
引发剂0.2-0.4％
水余量；
所述单体包括氯乙烯、醋酸乙烯酯、丙烯酸酯、苯乙烯和功能单体。
作为优选，上述单体中各组分的含量为：氯乙烯40-50％、醋酸乙烯酯20-30％、丙烯酸酯15-25％、苯乙烯7-10％和功能单体3-5％。
作为优选，上述丙烯酸酯为丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丁酯、甲基丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯酸异辛酯、甲基丙烯酸异辛酯中的一种或几种。
作为优选，上述功能单体为马来酸酐。
作为优选，上述阴离子型乳化剂为烯丙基烷基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸铵，所述非离子型乳化剂为烯丙基烷基聚氧乙烯醇。
作为优选，上述引发剂为过硫酸铵、过硫酸钾中的一种或两种。
一种药包铝箔粘合剂专用水性乳液的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)配置预乳化液A：先将75-80％的阴离子型乳化剂和80-88％的非离子型乳化剂溶于75-85％的水中，待乳化剂溶解后，加入氯乙烯、醋酸乙烯酯、丙烯酸酯单体，在200-500rpm转速下搅拌1小时，制得预乳化液A；
(2)配置预乳化液B：将剩余的阴离子型乳化剂和非离子型乳化剂溶于剩余的水中，待乳化剂溶解后，加入苯乙烯和功能单体，在200-500rpm转速下搅拌1小时，制得预乳化液B；
(3)制备水性乳液：按体积计，向20％-25％的预乳化液A中加入10％的引发剂，搅拌30分钟后升温至75-78℃开始聚合反应，待反应釜中压力下降至0.3MPa时，在3-4小时内连续滴加剩余的预乳化液A，然后在2-3小时内补加完剩余的引发剂，当反应釜中压力降至0.4MPa时，在0.5-1小时内连续补加预乳化液B，补加完后将温度升至80-85℃，保温2-4小时，加入中和剂，调节pH值至7-8，将反应釜降温至40-45℃，出料，过滤后得到水性乳液。
作为优选，上述步骤(1)中阴离子型乳化剂和非离子型乳化剂的质量比为3:1，所述步骤(2)中阴离子型乳化剂和非离子型乳化剂的质量比为5:1。
作为优选，上述步骤(3)中待反应釜降温至40-45℃之后，先抽真空至0MPa，通过冷凝回收未反应的氯乙烯至回收槽，停真空泵，然后出料，过滤后得到水性乳液。
作为优选，上述步骤(3)中所用的中和剂为氨水、二甲基乙醇胺、氢氧化钠中的一种或几种。
本发明具有如下的有益效果：(1)本发明的水性乳液采用的单体为氯乙烯、醋酸乙烯酯、丙烯酸酯、苯乙烯和马来酸酐，利用相似相容原理，在水性乳液中引入氯乙烯，可以提高胶黏剂在PVC硬片上的附着力；
(2)马来酸酐水解后产生羧基可以与铝箔的表面的羟基生成氢键，提高与铝箔之间的附着力，但马来酸酐因离子共轭，和大多数单体不能完全聚合，所以在本发明中同时引入苯乙烯，苯乙烯和马来酸酐分别带有电荷和正电荷，从而使马来酸酐易于参与聚合；
(3)采用反应型乳化剂烯丙基烷基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸铵和烯丙基烷基聚氧乙烯醇，其中可聚合的活性双键，可接枝到主链结构中，避免采用其他小分子乳化剂在使用过程中析出而对粘性造成不利影响；
(4)采用本发明制备方法所获得的水性乳液粒子具有核壳结构，羧基分布在壳层，也就是乳液粒子表面，更好的提高其在铝箔上的附着力。
具体实施方式
现在结合实施例对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
药包铝箔粘合剂专用水性乳液的制备方法如下：
(1)配置预乳化液A：先将75-80％的阴离子型乳化剂和80-88％的非离子型乳化剂溶于75-85％的水中，待乳化剂溶解后，加入氯乙烯、醋酸乙烯酯、丙烯酸酯单体，在200-500rpm转速下搅拌1小时，制得预乳化液A；
(2)配置预乳化液B：将剩余的阴离子型乳化剂和非离子型乳化剂溶于剩余的水中，待乳化剂溶解后，加入苯乙烯和功能单体，在200-500rpm转速下搅拌1小时，制得预乳化液B；
(3)制备水性乳液：按体积计，向20％-25％的预乳化液A中加入10％的引发剂，搅拌30分钟后升温至75-78℃开始聚合反应，待反应釜中压力下降至0.3MPa时，在3-4小时内连续滴加剩余的预乳化液A，然后在2-3小时内补加完剩余的引发剂，之后，当反应釜中压力降至0.4MPa时，在0.5-1小时内连续补加预乳化液B，补加完后将温度升至80-85℃，保温2-4小时，加入中和剂，调节pH值至7-8，将反应釜降温至40-45℃，出料，过滤后得到水性乳液。
在具体实施例中，步骤(3)中待反应釜降温至40-45℃之后，优选先抽真空至0MPa，通过冷凝回收未反应的氯乙烯至回收槽，停真空泵，然后出料，过滤后得到水性乳液，从而回收未反应的氯乙烯，避免资源浪费。
实施例1-5和对比例1-4中各组分用量见表1。
表1
分别用实施例1-5和对比例1-4所制备的水性乳液将铝箔与PVC硬片进行粘合，粘合性能如表2所示。
表2
以上述依据本发明的理想实施例为启示，通过上述的说明内容，相关工作人员完全可以在不偏离本项发明技术思想的范围内，进行多样的变更以及修改。本项发明的技术性范围并不局限于说明书上的内容，必须要根据权利要求范围来确定其技术性范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种药包铝箔粘合剂专用水性乳液，其特征在于：包括如下质量百分比的各组分：
单体45-60%
阴离子型乳化剂0.8-1.5%
非离子型乳化剂0.2-0.5%
引发剂0.2-0.4%
水 余量；
所述单体包括氯乙烯、醋酸乙烯酯、丙烯酸酯、苯乙烯和功能单体。
2.如权利要求1所述的药包铝箔粘合剂专用水性乳液，其特征在于：所述单体中各组分的含量为：氯乙烯40-50%、醋酸乙烯酯20-30%、丙烯酸酯15-25%、苯乙烯7-10%和功能单体3-5%。
3.如权利要求1所述的药包铝箔粘合剂专用水性乳液，其特征在于：所述丙烯酸酯为丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丁酯、甲基丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯酸异辛酯、甲基丙烯酸异辛酯中的一种或几种。
4.如权利要求1所述的药包铝箔粘合剂专用水性乳液，其特征在于：所述功能单体为马来酸酐。
5.如权利要求1所述的药包铝箔粘合剂专用水性乳液，其特征在于：所述阴离子型乳化剂为烯丙基烷基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸铵，所述非离子型乳化剂为烯丙基烷基聚氧乙烯醇。
6.如权利要求1所述的药包铝箔粘合剂专用水性乳液，其特征在于：所述引发剂为过硫酸铵、过硫酸钾中的一种或两种。
7.一种如权利要求1-6任一项所述的水性乳液的制备方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：
（1）配置预乳化液A：先将75-80%的阴离子型乳化剂和80-88%的非离子型乳化剂溶于75-85%的水中，待乳化剂溶解后，加入氯乙烯、醋酸乙烯酯、丙烯酸酯单体，在200-500rpm转速下搅拌1小时，制得预乳化液A；
（2）配置预乳化液B：将剩余的阴离子型乳化剂和非离子型乳化剂溶于剩余的水中，待乳化剂溶解后，加入苯乙烯和功能单体，在200-500rpm转速下搅拌1小时，制得预乳化液B；
（3）制备水性乳液：按体积计，向20%-25%的预乳化液A中加入10%的引发剂，搅拌30分钟后升温至75-78℃开始聚合反应，待反应釜中压力下降至0.3MPa时，在3-4小时内连续滴加剩余的预乳化液A，然后在2-3小时内补加完剩余的引发剂，当反应釜中压力降至0.4MPa时，在0.5-1小时内连续补加预乳化液B，补加完后将温度升至80-85℃，保温2-4小时，加入中和剂，调节pH值至7-8，将反应釜降温至40-45℃，出料，过滤后得到水性乳液。
8.如权利要求7所述的水性乳液的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤（1）中阴离子型乳化剂和非离子型乳化剂的质量比为3:1，所述步骤（2）中阴离子型乳化剂和非离子型乳化剂的质量比为5:1。
9.如权利要求7所述的水性乳液的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤（3）中待反应釜降温至40-45℃之后，先抽真空至0MPa，通过冷凝回收未反应的氯乙烯至回收槽，停真空泵，然后出料，过滤后得到水性乳液。
10.如权利要求7所述的水性乳液的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤（3）中所用的中和剂为氨水、二甲基乙醇胺、氢氧化钠中的一种或几种。
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