CN109618777B - Rice electron live broadcast laminating machine - Google Patents
Rice electron live broadcast laminating machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109618777B CN109618777B CN201910096216.5A CN201910096216A CN109618777B CN 109618777 B CN109618777 B CN 109618777B CN 201910096216 A CN201910096216 A CN 201910096216A CN 109618777 B CN109618777 B CN 109618777B
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- circuit
- film pressing
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- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 241000721671 Ludwigia Species 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 241000405070 Percophidae Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 102100039435 C-X-C motif chemokine 17 Human genes 0.000 claims description 4
- 101000889048 Homo sapiens C-X-C motif chemokine 17 Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000002363 herbicidal effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 240000001931 Ludwigia octovalvis Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0287—Devices for laying-out or removing ground coverings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/04—Machines for making or covering holes for sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/002—Dibble seeders
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
- G05B19/0423—Input/output
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Sowing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an electronic direct seeding film laminating machine for paddy rice, which comprises a mechanical part and an electrical part, wherein the mechanical part consists of a seed sowing mechanism, a film edge pressing device, a punching mechanism and the like; the electric part is composed of circuits such as a microprocessor circuit, a switch driving circuit, a switch circuit, an executing mechanism and the like. A duckbill valve ejector rod is arranged on the seed sowing device base; the film supporting bracket is provided with a film supporting bracket; a punching support is arranged on the film support; the mud pressing support is arranged on the membrane pressing edge device; a slide rail of the film pressing edge device is arranged on the frame; the rotary encoder support arm is provided with a rotary encoder; a solenoid electromagnet is arranged on the seed box; the film pressing rolling cage is arranged on the film pressing rolling cage pull rod. The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the operations of film covering, punching, seeding, film edge pressing, and the like are continuously completed at one time, so that the labor productivity of rice planting is improved. The machine and the black weeding degradation mulch film are matched to be used in a planted paddy field without herbicide, so that the pollution of the herbicide to the land and rice is solved, and the environment-friendly organic production of the rice is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a paddy rice direct seeding and film covering machine for directly seeding and film covering after paddy rice field water soil preparation, in particular to an electronic paddy rice direct seeding and film covering machine.
Background
The current relatively advanced laminating seeding machinery integrating laminating, punching, seeding and film pressing, but the pure mechanical assembly also has the defects of complex design, high precision of mechanical failure, low and the like: (1) Because the punching and film feeding are driven by the land wheel, the land wheel can slide to different degrees when the land wheel rolls on the field, so that the film feeding speed is asynchronous with the advancing speed of the seeder, and the phenomenon that seeds cannot be fed into film holes is caused. (2) It is difficult to change the hole pitch and the main parts of punching and seeding need to be replaced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the paddy rice electronic direct seeding laminating machine which is scientific in design, reasonable in assembly, high in precision of each working procedure, simple and convenient in hole distance changing and electromechanical integration. The machine solves the technical problem which can not be solved by the mechanical design alone due to the design of combining the electronic technology and the mechanical technology.
An electronic direct seeding film laminating machine for paddy rice comprises a mechanical part and an electrical part,
the mechanical part comprises a frame, a seed box, a slide rail fixing frame, a slide rail of a film pressing side device, a film pressing rolling cage pull rod, a film rolling shaft, a ship plate and a suspension bracket, wherein the suspension bracket, the ship plate, the seed box, the film pressing rolling cage pull rod, the film rolling shaft, the slide rail fixing frame and the slide rail of the film pressing side device are arranged on the frame;
the electric part comprises a rotary encoder, a stabilized voltage power supply circuit, a microprocessor circuit, a switch driving circuit, a switch circuit and an executing mechanism circuit;
the stabilized power supply circuit is composed of an integrated stabilized power circuit IC1, an integrated stabilized power circuit IC2, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2 and a capacitor C3;
the microprocessor circuit is composed of a microprocessor IC5, a photoelectric coupler IC3, a photoelectric coupler IC4, a level converter IC6, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a resistor R10, a resistor R11, a resistor R12, a resistor R13, a resistor R14, a resistor R15, a resistor R16, a resistor R17, a resistor R18, a resistor R19, a capacitor C4, a capacitor C5, a capacitor C6, a crystal oscillator X1, a dial switch S7, a dial switch S8, a button switch S1, a button switch S2, a button switch S3, a button switch S4, a button switch S5 and a button switch S6;
the switch driving circuit is composed of a triode Q7, a triode Q8, a triode Q9, a triode Q10, a triode Q11, a triode Q12, a triode Q13, a triode Q14, a triode Q15, a triode Q16, a triode Q17, a triode Q18, a diode D7, a diode D8, a diode D9, a diode D10, a diode D11, a diode D12, a resistor R32, a resistor R33, a resistor R34, a resistor R35, a resistor R36, a resistor R37, a resistor R38, a resistor R39, a resistor R40, a resistor R41, a resistor R42, a resistor R43, a capacitor C7, a capacitor C8, a capacitor C9, a capacitor C10, a capacitor C11 and a capacitor C12;
the switching circuit is composed of a field effect tube Q1, a field effect tube Q2, a field effect tube Q3, a field effect tube Q4, a field effect tube Q5, a field effect tube Q6, a resistor R20, a resistor R21, a resistor R22, a resistor R23, a resistor R24, a resistor R25, a resistor R26, a resistor R27, a resistor R28, a resistor R29, a resistor R30, a resistor R31, a fuse F1, a fuse F2, a fuse F3, a fuse F4, a fuse F5 and a fuse F6;
the actuating mechanism circuit is composed of an electromagnet, a diode D1, a diode D2, a diode D3, a diode D4, a diode D5, a diode D6, a switch S9, a switch S10, a switch S11, a switch S12, a switch S13 and a switch S14, and the electromagnet is composed of an electromagnet L1, an electromagnet L2, an electromagnet L3, an electromagnet L4, an electromagnet L5 and an electromagnet L6.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the operations of film covering, punching, seeding, film edge pressing, and the like are continuously completed at one time, so that the labor productivity of rice planting is improved. Because the seeds and the mulching film holes after the machine sowing and the mulching film covering correspond accurately, the machine sowing and the mulching film covering machine is very suitable for being matched with black weeding degradation mulching films, (the seeds cannot germinate and emerge after being sowed and covered with the black weeding mulching films, such as the mulching film holes are not formed in the corresponding mode), herbicide is not needed in the rice field for film covering and planting, the pollution problem of the herbicide to soil, rice and fields is thoroughly solved, and the machine sowing and covering machine is beneficial to realizing organic production of rice.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of the whole machine of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of the whole machine of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a front view (electromagnet energized position) of the punch mechanism and seed metering device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a front view of the seed metering device of the present invention (electromagnet energized position).
Fig. 5 is a front view of the punch mechanism and seed metering device of the present invention (electromagnet de-energized position).
Fig. 6 is a front view of the seed metering device of the present invention (electromagnet de-energized position).
FIG. 7 is a front view of a portion of the seed metering device base and seed cleaning blade of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a partial top view of a seed metering device base and seed cleaning sheet of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a front view of the seed metering bar of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a top view of the seed metering strip of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a front view of the lever of the punch mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a top view of the perforating mechanism lever of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is an enlarged view of a portion of the punching mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 14 is a partial cross-sectional view of a punch location of the punch mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 15 is a front view of the edge lamination device of the present invention.
FIG. 16 is a left side view of the edge lamination device of the present invention.
Fig. 17 is a circuit block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 18 is a circuit diagram of the regulated power supply of the present invention.
Fig. 19 is a circuit diagram of a rotary encoder and microprocessor of the present invention.
Fig. 20 is a circuit diagram of the switch circuit, switch driving circuit and actuator of the present invention.
Reference numerals in the drawings, 1. A frame; 2. a seed box positioning block; 3. a seed box; 4. a fixed shaft; 5. a punching mechanism; 6. a film pressing rolling cage adjusting rod; 7. a spring; 8. a rotary encoder; 9. a slide rail fixing frame; 10. slide rails are arranged on the film pressing edge; 11. a film edge pressing device; 12. film pressing rolling cage; 13. a sprocket set; 14. rotating the encoder arm; 15. a film pressing rolling cage pull rod; 16. a mulching film reel; 17. a boat deck; 18. a hanging frame; 19. a fixed slot of the seed sowing device; 20. a seed metering device fixing bolt; 21. a seed metering device; 22. a film supporting frame; 23. seed; 24. a film support bracket; 25. a film guiding shaft; 26. a film guiding shaft bracket; 27. a lever bracket; 28. mulching film; 29. a return spring; 30. an electromagnet; 31. a wire; 32. a power line; 33. a first distribution box; 34. an electromagnet pull rod; 35. a pin shaft I; 36. a seed metering device base; 37. seed metering holes; 38. a slide bar; 39. a seed metering strip conduit; 40. seed cleaning slices; 41. a second pin shaft; 42. a torsion spring I; 43. seed metering strips; 44. a pin shaft III; 45. a first link spring assembly; 46. adjusting a first nut; 47. a pin roll IV; 48. a rocker arm; 49. a pin shaft V; 50. adjusting a second nut; 51. a pin shaft six; 52. a second link spring assembly; 53. a torsion spring II; 54. duckbill valve ejector rod; 55. duckbill valve; 56. duckbilled; 57. a pin shaft seven; 58. a pin shaft eight; 59. a seed guide tube; 60. a positioning frame; 61. a lever; 62. a nut; 63. a pin shaft nine; 64. a slide bar fixing frame; 65. a punching support; 66. a film edge pressing device bracket; 67. an adjusting lever; 68. pressing mud and dragging; 69. film pressing edge wheels; 70. a film pressing edge wheel adjusting frame; 71. mud pressing towing pin shaft; 72. a locking handle; 73. seed cleaning sheet support; 74. a duckbill valve ejector rod frame; 75. a regulated power supply circuit; 76. a microprocessor circuit; 77. a switch driving circuit; 78. a switching circuit; 79. an actuator circuit; 80. a second distribution box; 81. and a seed metering device mounting port.
Detailed Description
The electronic direct seeding laminating machine for rice in the embodiment consists of a mechanical part and an electrical part.
1. Mechanical part
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a suspension bracket 18, a ship plate 17, a seed box 3, a film pressing rolling cage pull rod 15, a mulching film reel 16, a slide rail fixing frame 9 and a slide rail 10 of a film pressing edge device are arranged on the frame 1.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 5, the first distribution box 33 is mounted on the seed box 3, and a regulated power supply circuit 75, a microprocessor circuit 76, a switch driving circuit 77, a switch circuit 78 and an actuator circuit 79 are mounted in the first distribution box 33; the regulated power supply circuit 75 is connected to the traction vehicle power supply via power line 32 and the actuator circuit 79 is connected to the electromagnet 30 via wire 31. The seed box 3 is also provided with a second distribution box 80, and switches S9-S14 in the actuator circuit 79 are arranged in the second distribution box 80.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 5, the seed box 3 is provided with an electromagnet 30, an electromagnet pull rod 34 and a return spring 29 are arranged between the electromagnet 30 and a lever 61, the upper end of the electromagnet pull rod 34 is connected with an iron core of the electromagnet 30, and the lower end is connected with the lever 61 through a nut 62 and a pin shaft nine 63.
As shown in fig. 3, 5, 11, 12, 13, and 14, the seed box 3 is provided with a punching mechanism 5. The punching mechanism 5 is composed of a lever bracket 27, a first pin shaft 35, a lever 61, a positioning frame 60, a duckbill 56, a duckbill valve 55, a second torsion spring 53, a seventh pin shaft 57, a duckbill valve jacking rod bracket 74, a duckbill valve jacking rod 54, a film guide shaft bracket 26, a film guide shaft 25, a film support bracket 24, a film support 22 and a punching support 65. The locating frame 60, the duckbill 56, the duckbill valve 55, the torsion spring II 53 and the pin seven 57 are arranged on the lever 61, the lever 61 is arranged on the lever bracket 27 through the pin one 35, and the lever bracket 27 is fixed on the seed box 3. The film guide shaft 25 is fixed on a film guide shaft bracket 26, and the film guide shaft bracket 26 is fixed on the seed box 3. The film supporting frame 22 is fixed on the film supporting frame 24, the punching support 65 is arranged on the film supporting frame 22, and the film supporting frame 24 is fixed on the seed box 3. In addition, a duckbill valve stem support 74 is secured to the seed meter base 36, and the duckbill valve stem support 54 is mounted to the duckbill valve stem support 74.
As shown in fig. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10, a seed metering device 21 is mounted on the seed box 3 via a seed metering device fixing groove 19 and a seed metering device fixing bolt 20. The seed metering device 21 is composed of a seed metering device base 36, a seed metering strip 43, a seed guide tube 59, a seed cleaning sheet 40, a first torsion spring 42, a second pin 41, a seed cleaning sheet bracket 73 and a slide bar 38. The seed metering device base 36 is provided with a seed metering strip guide pipe 39, a seed guide pipe 59 and a seed metering strip 43 which are arranged in the seed metering strip guide pipe 39, the seed metering strip guide pipe 39 is fixedly provided with a seed cleaning sheet bracket 73, and the seed cleaning sheet bracket 73 is provided with a torsion spring I42 and a seed cleaning sheet 40 through a pin shaft II 41. Seed metering strip 43 is provided with seed metering strip holes 37 and a slide bar fixing frame 64; the slide bar 38 is mounted on the slide bar holder 64. The seed metering strip 43 is connected to a lever 61 in the punch mechanism 5 by a third pin 44, a first link spring assembly 45, a fourth pin 47, a rocker arm 48, a fifth pin 49, a eighth pin 58, a second link spring assembly 52, and a sixth pin 51.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a fixed shaft 4 is provided on the end surface of the seed box 3, and the seed box 3 is mounted on the frame 1 via the fixed shaft 4 and the seed box positioning block 2. A seed metering device mounting port 81 is arranged at the bottom of the seed box 3 and below the right-side seed metering device fixing bolt 20.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a film pressing roller cage 12 is arranged on a film pressing roller cage pull rod 15, a film pressing roller cage adjusting rod 6 is arranged between the film pressing roller cage pull rod 15 and the frame 1, and a spring 7 is arranged on the film pressing roller cage adjusting rod 6. The film pressing roller cage pull rod 15 is provided with a rotary code deflection device support arm 14, the rotary code device support arm 14 is provided with a rotary code device 8, and the shaft of the rotary code device 8 is connected with the shaft of the film pressing roller cage 12 through a chain wheel group 13.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the film spool 16 is provided with a film roll of film 28.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 15 and 16, the film pressing side device 11 is mounted on the film pressing side device slide rail 10, and the film pressing side device 11 is composed of a film pressing side device bracket 66, an adjusting rod 67, an adjusting nut 50, a mud pressing mop 68, a film pressing side wheel 69, a film pressing side wheel adjusting bracket 70, an adjusting nut 46, a mud pressing mop pin 71 and a locking handle 72. The mud pressing support pin 71 is arranged on the mud pressing side device support 66, the mud pressing drag 68 is arranged through the mud pressing drag pin 71, the adjusting rod 67 is arranged between the mud pressing drag 68 and the mud pressing side device support 66, the adjusting rod 67 is provided with two adjusting nuts 50 (2 on each side), the membrane pressing side device support 66 is provided with a membrane pressing side wheel adjusting frame 70, the membrane pressing side wheel adjusting frame 70 is provided with one adjusting nut 46 (8 on each side), the membrane pressing side wheel adjusting frame 70 is provided with a membrane pressing side wheel 69, the membrane pressing side device support 66 is provided with a locking handle 72, and a slide rail fixing frame 9 is arranged between the middle position of the slide rail 10 of the membrane pressing side device and the frame 1.
2. Electric part
As shown in fig. 17, 18, 19, and 20, the electric part mainly includes a regulated power supply circuit 75, a rotary encoder 8, a microprocessor circuit 76, a switch drive circuit 77, a switch circuit 78, and an actuator circuit 79.
The regulated power supply circuit is composed of integrated regulated circuits IC1 and IC2, and capacitors C1, C2 and C3.
Rotary encoder 8 (commercially available).
The microprocessor circuit 75 is composed of a microprocessor (CPU) IC5, photocouplers IC3, IC4, a level shifter IC6, resistors R1 to R19, capacitors C4, C5, C6, a crystal oscillator X1, dial switches S7, S8, and push-button switches S1 to S6.
The switch driving circuit 77 is composed of triodes Q7-Q18, diodes D7-D12, resistors R32-R43, and capacitors C7-C12.
The switch circuit 78 is composed of field effect transistors Q1-Q6, resistors R20-R31 and fuses F1-F6;
the actuator circuit 79 is composed of an electromagnet (solenoid type) 30, diodes D1 to D6, and switches S9 to S14, and the electromagnet 30 is composed of an electromagnet L1, an electromagnet L2, an electromagnet L3, an electromagnet L4, an electromagnet L5, and an electromagnet L6.
VCC1 of the regulated power supply circuit 75 is connected to the traction locomotive power supply (battery), while providing a second power supply VCC2, which is lower than VCC1, to the microprocessor circuit 76; the shaft of the rotary encoder 8 is connected with the shaft of the film pressing roller cage 12 through a chain wheel group 13, and when the film pressing roller cage 12 is rotated when the seeder advances, an electric pulse signal synchronous with the advancing speed of the seeder can be generated and sent to a microprocessor circuit 76 of the next stage. Photocouplers IC3, IC4 in microprocessor circuit 76 are matched to rotary encoder 8 and microprocessor circuit 76 for different operating voltages. By setting different codes by the dial switch S7 in the microprocessor circuit 76, the microprocessor IC5 can divide the electric pulse output from the rotary encoder 8 differently, and the number of actions of the electromagnet 30 is changed with different frequency division ratios, so as to change the hole pitch of rice sowing. The microprocessor IC5 can vary the output electrical pulse width by adjusting the code of the dip switch S8 in the microprocessor circuit 76, thereby varying the time of attraction of the electromagnet 30 to ensure that the duckbill 56 and duckbill valve 55 return quickly after the seed is ejected by perforation. The switches S1-S6 are manual switches for adjusting the actions of the punching mechanism 5, the seed sowing device 21 and the electromagnet 30. The integrated circuit IC6 in the microprocessor circuit 76 is a switch driving circuit 77 that supplies an electric pulse signal to the next stage after level conversion. The switch driving circuit 77 amplifies the input electric pulse signal and drives the switching circuit 78 of the next stage. The field effect transistors Q1-Q6 in the switch circuit 78 are turned on or off under the action of the electric pulse signals, so that the electromagnets 30L1-L6 in the actuator circuit 79 are controlled to be attracted and turned off, and the punching mechanism 5 and the seed sowing device 21 of the mechanical part are driven to work. D1-D6 in actuator circuit 79 are configured to release the induced electromotive forces of electromagnets 30L1-L6 to protect fets Q1-Q6 in switching circuit 78 from breakdown. The switches S9-S14 in the actuator circuit 79 are used for closing the corresponding electromagnet 30, the punching mechanism 5 and the seed metering device 21 according to the requirement of seeding and film covering operation.
Working principle:
before the sowing and film covering work, the synchronous pulse of the rotary encoder 8 is set to be encoded by a dial switch S7 in a microprocessor circuit 76 according to the requirement of the sowing hole spacing of the rice, so that the frequency division ratio meets the requirement of the hole spacing. In addition, the pulse width, that is, the suction time of the electromagnet 30 is adjusted by the dial switch S8 in the microprocessor circuit 76, so that the duckbill 56 and the duckbill valve 55 can complete the punching of the mulching film and can discharge all seeds in the shortest time. After the two settings are adjusted, the film roll of the mulching film 28 is placed on the mulching film reel 16, so that the mulching film 28 sequentially passes through the film guide shaft 25 from bottom to top, the film support 22 and the punching support 65 from top, the film pressing roller cage 12 and the film pressing edge wheel 69 from bottom, the film pressing roller cage 12 and the film pressing edge wheel 69 press the side edges of the mulching film 28 and the mulching film 28, and finally the mulching film end is pressed by soil. When the tractor walks forward by traction of the suspension frame 18, the rotary encoder 8 arranged on the rotary encoder support arm 14 synchronously sends electric pulses to the electromagnet 30 through each circuit of the electric system, so that the electromagnet 30 is alternately in two states of electrified attraction (see fig. 3 and 4) and disconnected (see fig. 5 and 6). When the electromagnet 30 is in the electrified and attracted state (see fig. 3 and 4), the lever 61 is pivoted about the first pin 35, one end of the duckbill 56 and the duckbill valve 55 is pivoted downward to the position shown in fig. 4, the duckbill valve 55 is pierced by the mulching film 28 under the cooperation of the piercing tray 65, and the duckbill valve 55 is opened under the action of the duckbill ejector 54 and the last time the electromagnet 30 is in the power-off state (except for the first time) and falls into the sowing valve 23 to the temporary storage surface 23 under the action of the duckbill ejector 54 when the duckbill valve 55 pierces the mulching film 28 and approaches the lowest point of the downward operation by piercing the mulching film 28 when the duckbill 56 and the duckbill valve 55, when the electromagnet 30 is in the electrified and attracted state (see fig. 3), the seed 23 is charged into the seed-sowing hole 37 on the seed-sowing strip 43, and the seed-sowing hole 37 is in the state filled with seeds, and the duckbill valve 55 is simultaneously pierced by the cooperation of the piercing tray 65 when the duckbill valve 55 is moved downward to the lowest point by the swinging of the lever 61. When the electromagnet 30 is in a power-off state (see fig. 5 and 6), the lever 61 is reset under the action of the reset spring 29 to drive the duckbill 56 and the duckbill valve 55 arranged on the lever 61 to move upwards, firstly the duckbill valve 55 is separated from the duckbill valve ejector rod 54, the duckbill valve 55 is closed under the action of the torsion spring II 53, then the duckbill valve 56 and the duckbill valve 55 are separated from the mulching film 28, meanwhile, the lever 61 pulls the seed metering bar 43 to move rightwards to the position shown in fig. 5 through the pin VI 51, the second connecting rod spring assembly 52, the pin VI, the five 49, the rocker 48, the four 47, the first connecting rod spring assembly 45 and the three 44, the seed metering hole 37 slides out of the seed box 3 (see fig. 5), the full seeds 23 in the seed metering hole 37 in the power-on state of the electromagnet 30 are released and put into the duckbill 56 through the seed guide tube 59 for temporary storage, and the seed cleaning piece 46 swings anticlockwise around the pin II 41 under the action of the torsion spring I42 to clean the excessive seeds on the seed metering hole 37, and simultaneously the seed in the seed box 3 cannot continue to charge the seed metering hole 37 (see fig. 7), and the circulation is completed.
The process can realize the paddy rice direct seeding and film covering operation by repeating the cyclic action. The mulch film and the field are compacted by the film pressing rolling cage 12 under the action of the spring 7 when the film covering, punching and sowing operations are completed. Meanwhile, the film pressing edge wheels 69 on the film pressing edge device 11 can continuously press the two sides of the covered mulching film 28 into soil, then the soil is extruded by the mud pressing tractor 68, so that the gaps after the film pressing edge wheels 69 are pressed are closed, and the covered mulching film 28 is prevented from moving. The first adjusting nut 46 on the film pressing edge wheel adjusting frame 70 and the second adjusting nut 50 on the adjusting rod 67 are adjusted to adjust the pressing depth and the pressing depth of the film pressing edge wheel 69 and the mud pressing drag 68, so that the edge of the mulching film 28 is reliably compacted. According to the field sowing needs, when the sowing line number is required to be reduced, the width of the mulching film 28 is reduced, the film pressing edge device 11 can be correspondingly adjusted on the film pressing edge device sliding rail 10, the locking handle 72 is rotated and loosened during adjustment, and the film pressing edge device 11 is pushed to slide to the corresponding position on the film pressing edge device sliding rail 10, and then the locking handle 72 is screwed. The slide rail fixing frame 9 is used for fixing the slide rail 10 of the film pressing edge device, so that the rigidity of the film pressing edge device is ensured. Because the film support 22 and the punching support 65 on the punching mechanism are higher than the ground, the duckbill 56 does not contact the paddy field ground during punching, so that mud is not stained on the duckbill 56, and the duckbill 56 is ensured not to be blocked due to mud staining. The slide bar 38 is mounted on the slide bar fixing frame 64 on the seed sowing bar 43, and can reciprocate left and right along with the seed sowing bar 43 in operation, and as one section of the slide bar 38 extends into the seed box 3, seeds 23 in the seed box 3 can be continuously stirred, so that the phenomenon of lapping of the seeds 23 in the seed box 3 is prevented, the seeds 23 smoothly fall into the seed sowing bar holes 37, the sowing effect is ensured, and the phenomenon of hole miss-sowing cannot occur.
Claims (5)
1. An electronic direct seeding film laminating machine for paddy rice comprises a mechanical part and an electric part, and is characterized in that,
the mechanical part comprises a frame (1), a seed box (3), a slide rail fixing frame (9), a film pressing edge device slide rail (10), a film pressing rolling cage pull rod (15), a film rolling shaft (16), a ship plate (17) and a suspension bracket (18), wherein the suspension bracket (18), the ship plate (17), the seed box (3), the film pressing rolling cage pull rod (15), the film rolling shaft (16), the slide rail fixing frame (9) and the film pressing edge device slide rail (10) are arranged on the frame (1);
the electric part comprises a rotary encoder (8), a stabilized voltage power supply circuit (75), a microprocessor circuit (76), a switch driving circuit (77), a switch circuit (78) and an actuating mechanism circuit (79);
the regulated power supply circuit (75) is composed of an integrated voltage regulating circuit IC1, an integrated voltage regulating circuit IC2, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2 and a capacitor C3;
the microprocessor circuit (76) is composed of a microprocessor IC5, a photoelectric coupler IC3, a photoelectric coupler IC4, a level converter IC6, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a resistor R10, a resistor R11, a resistor R12, a resistor R13, a resistor R14, a resistor R15, a resistor R16, a resistor R17, a resistor R18, a resistor R19, a capacitor C4, a capacitor C5, a capacitor C6, a crystal oscillator X1, a dial switch S7, a dial switch S8, a button switch S1, a button switch S2, a button switch S3, a button switch S4, a button switch S5 and a button switch S6;
the switch driving circuit (77) is composed of a triode Q7, a triode Q8, a triode Q9, a triode Q10, a triode Q11, a triode Q12, a triode Q13, a triode Q14, a triode Q15, a triode Q16, a triode Q17, a triode Q18, a diode D7, a diode D8, a diode D9, a diode D10, a diode D11, a diode D12, a resistor R32, a resistor R33, a resistor R34, a resistor R35, a resistor R36, a resistor R37, a resistor R38, a resistor R39, a resistor R40, a resistor R41, a resistor R42, a resistor R43, a capacitor C7, a capacitor C8, a capacitor C9, a capacitor C10, a capacitor C11 and a capacitor C12;
the switch circuit (78) is composed of a field effect tube Q1, a field effect tube Q2, a field effect tube Q3, a field effect tube Q4, a field effect tube Q5, a field effect tube Q6, a resistor R20, a resistor R21, a resistor R22, a resistor R23, a resistor R24, a resistor R25, a resistor R26, a resistor R27, a resistor R28, a resistor R29, a resistor R30, a resistor R31, a fuse F1, a fuse F2, a fuse F3, a fuse F4, a fuse F5 and a fuse F6;
the actuating mechanism circuit (79) is composed of an electromagnet (30), a diode D1, a diode D2, a diode D3, a diode D4, a diode D5, a diode D6, a switch S9, a switch S10, a switch S11, a switch S12, a switch S13 and a switch S14, wherein the electromagnet (30) is composed of an electromagnet L1, an electromagnet L2, an electromagnet L3, an electromagnet L4, an electromagnet L5 and an electromagnet L6;
the seed box (3) is provided with a punching mechanism (5), and the punching mechanism (5) comprises a lever bracket (27), a first pin roll (35), a lever (61), a positioning frame (60), a duckbill (56), a duckbill valve (55), a second torsion spring (53), a seventh pin roll (57), a duckbill valve jacking rod bracket (74), a duckbill valve jacking rod (54), a film guide shaft bracket (26), a film guide shaft (25), a film support bracket (24), a film support (22) and a punching support (65); the positioning frame (60), the duckbill (56), the duckbill valve (55), the torsion spring II (53) and the pin shaft seven (57) are all arranged on the lever (61), the lever (61) is arranged on the lever bracket (27) through the pin shaft I (35), and the lever bracket (27) is fixed on the seed box (3); the film guide shaft (25) is fixed on the film guide shaft bracket (26), the film guide shaft bracket (26) is fixed on the seed box (3), the film support bracket (24) is fixed with the film support (22), the film support bracket (22) is provided with a punching support (65), the film support bracket (24) is fixed on the seed box (3), in addition, the duckbill valve ejector rod bracket (74) is fixed on the seed sowing device base (36), and the duckbill valve ejector rod (54) is arranged on the duckbill valve ejector rod bracket (74);
a seed metering device (21) is arranged on a seed box (3) through a seed metering device fixing clamping groove (19) and a seed metering device fixing bolt (20), the seed metering device (21) consists of a seed metering device base (36), a seed metering strip (43), a seed guide pipe (59), a seed cleaning sheet (40), a torsion spring I (42), a pin shaft II (41), a seed cleaning sheet support (73) and a slide bar (38), a seed metering strip guide pipe (39) and a seed guide pipe (59) are arranged on the seed metering device base (36), the seed metering strip (43) is arranged in the seed metering strip guide pipe (39), the seed cleaning sheet support (73) is fixedly provided with the seed cleaning sheet support (73) through the pin shaft II (41), and the seed metering strip support (43) is provided with a seed metering strip hole (37) and a slide bar fixing frame (64); the slide bar fixing frame (64) is provided with a slide bar (38), and the seed sowing bar (43) is connected with a lever (61) in the punching mechanism (5) through a third pin roll (44), a first link spring assembly (45), a fourth pin roll (47), a rocker arm (48), a fifth pin roll (49), a eighth pin roll (58), a second link spring assembly (52) and a sixth pin roll (51);
VCC1 of the stabilized power supply circuit (75) is connected with the power supply of the traction locomotive, and a second power supply VCC2 lower than VCC1 is provided for the microprocessor circuit (76); the rotary encoder (8) shaft is connected with the film pressing rolling cage (12) shaft through a sprocket group (13), when the seeder advances and the film pressing rolling cage (12) rotates, an electric pulse signal synchronous with the advancing speed of the seeder can be generated, the electric pulse signal is sent to a next-stage microprocessor circuit (76), a photoelectric coupler IC3 and a photoelectric coupler IC4 in the microprocessor circuit (76) are used for matching the rotary encoder (8) and the microprocessor circuit (76) with different working voltages, different codes are set through a dial switch S7 in the microprocessor circuit (76), the microprocessor IC5 carries out different frequency division on electric pulses output by the rotary encoder (8), the action times of the electromagnet (30) are changed along with different frequency division ratios, so that the hole distance of rice seeding is changed, the code of the dial switch S8 in the microprocessor circuit (76) is adjusted, and the microprocessor IC5 can change the output electric pulse width, so that the suction time of the electromagnet (30) is changed, and the duckbill valve (55) can be returned to the speed after the seeds are punched; the switches S1 to S6 are manual switches for adjusting the actions of the punching mechanism (5), the seed sowing device (21) and the electromagnet (30); an integrated circuit IC6 in the microprocessor circuit 76 is a switch driving circuit 77 for transmitting an electric pulse signal to the next stage after level conversion; the switch driving circuit (77) amplifies an input electric pulse signal and then drives a switching circuit (78) of the next stage, a field effect transistor Q1 to a field effect transistor Q6 in the switching circuit (78) are conducted or cut off under the action of the electric pulse signal, so that the electromagnet L1 to the electromagnet L6 in the actuating mechanism circuit (79) are controlled to be conducted and disconnected, a punching mechanism (5) and a seed metering device (21) of a mechanical part are driven to work, and an electromotive force induced by the electromagnet L1 to the electromagnet L6 by a diode D1 to the diode D6 in the actuating mechanism circuit (79) is released, so that the field effect transistor Q1 to the field effect transistor Q6 in the switching circuit (78) are prevented from being broken down, and a switch S9 to a switch S14 in the actuating mechanism circuit (79) are used for closing the corresponding electromagnet (30), the punching mechanism (5) and the seed metering device (21) according to the requirement of seeding and film covering work;
the seed box (3) is provided with a first distribution box (33), and a regulated power supply circuit (75), a microprocessor circuit (76), a switch driving circuit (77), a switch circuit (78) and an actuating mechanism circuit (79) are arranged in the first distribution box (33); the stabilized voltage power supply circuit (75) is connected with a traction locomotive power supply through a power line (32), the actuating mechanism circuit (79) is connected with the electromagnet (30) through a lead (31), the seed box (3) is also provided with a second distribution box (80), and a switch S9 to a switch S14 in the actuating mechanism circuit (79) are arranged in the second distribution box (80);
the seed box (3) is provided with an electromagnet (30), an electromagnet pull rod (34) and a return spring (29) are arranged between the electromagnet (30) and a lever (61), the upper end of the electromagnet pull rod (34) is connected with an electromagnet (30) iron core, and the lower end of the electromagnet pull rod (34) is connected with the lever (61) through a nut (62) and a pin shaft nine (63).
2. The rice electronic direct seeding and film covering machine according to claim 1, wherein the end face of the seed box (3) is provided with a fixed shaft (4), and the seed box (3) is arranged on the frame (1) through the fixed shaft (4) and the seed box positioning block (2); a seed metering device mounting port (81) is arranged below the seed box (3) bottom and the right side seed metering device fixing bolt (20).
3. The rice electronic direct seeding laminating machine according to claim 2, wherein a film pressing rolling cage (12) is arranged on a film pressing rolling cage pull rod (15), a film pressing rolling cage adjusting rod (6) is arranged between the film pressing rolling cage pull rod (15) and the frame (1), a spring (7) is arranged on the film pressing rolling cage adjusting rod (6), a rotary code deflection device support arm (14) is arranged on the film pressing rolling cage pull rod (15), a rotary encoder (8) is arranged on the rotary encoder support arm (14), and a shaft of the rotary encoder (8) is connected with a shaft of the film pressing rolling cage (12) through a chain wheel group (13).
4. A paddy rice electronic direct seeding laminating machine according to claim 3, wherein a film pressing edge device (11) is mounted on a film pressing edge device sliding rail (10), the film pressing edge device (11) is formed by a film pressing edge device bracket (66), an adjusting rod (67), an adjusting nut two (50), a film pressing edge wheel adjusting bracket (68), a film pressing edge wheel (69), a film pressing edge wheel adjusting bracket (70), an adjusting nut one (46), a film pressing edge wheel adjusting pin shaft (71) and a locking handle (72), the film pressing edge device bracket (66) is provided with a film pressing edge dragging pin shaft (71), the film pressing edge device bracket (66) is provided with a film pressing edge wheel (68) through the film pressing edge dragging pin shaft (71), an adjusting rod (67) is mounted between the film pressing edge device bracket (68) and the film pressing edge device bracket (66), an adjusting nut two (50) is arranged on the adjusting rod (67), a film pressing edge wheel adjusting bracket (70) is mounted on the film pressing edge wheel adjusting bracket (70), an adjusting nut one (46) is arranged on the film pressing edge wheel adjusting bracket (70), the film pressing edge wheel (69) is mounted on the film pressing edge wheel adjusting bracket (70), and the middle position of the film pressing edge device bracket (66) is mounted with the sliding rail (9).
5. The rice electronic direct seeding mulch applicator as claimed in claim 4, wherein the mulch reel (16) is provided with a film roll of mulch (28).
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| CN110132625A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-08-16 | 中国农业机械化科学研究院 | A kind of seeding quality detection method and device of duckbilled drum-type seeder |
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