KR19980082166A - Travel speed proportional seeding shaft drive device of planter - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention detects the speed of the five wheels attached to the planter, using a motor that operates in proportion to the speed of the five wheels to drive a proportional seeding axis drive device of the seeding plant to drive a certain amount of seeds at regular intervals. The present invention relates to a seeding machine comprising: a five-wheel 10 for driving with driving of a tractor, a first encoder 20 for outputting a pulse signal according to the rotation speed of the five-wheel 10, and a seeding shaft driving motor for driving a seeding shaft ( 30), the seeding axis in accordance with the pulse signal output from the second encoder 21, the first and second encoders 20, 21 for outputting a pulse signal according to the rotational speed of the seeding axis drive motor 30. It is characterized by consisting of a control device 50 for driving the drive motor (30).

Description

Travel speed proportional seeding shaft drive device of planter

The present invention relates to a planter, in particular, by attaching a five-wheel to the planter, the speed of the five-wheel sense, using the motor operating in proportion to the speed of the five wheels so that a certain amount of seed can be sown at regular intervals sowing It relates to a proportional seeding shaft drive device.

Seeders for planting seeds of various grains such as rice or barley or other various crops have been developed and used to date in various forms and types. These planters aim to reduce labor and expenses at the time of sowing. However, instead of saving labor and expenses, yields should not be reduced compared to conventional transplanting operations.

Factors that have a great influence on yields include scallions, sowing, weeding, and weeds. Among these factors, the parts that can be improved by the improvement of the seeding plant are swelling and sowing.

From the point of view of the plant's growth, it is known that the dots (3-5 seeds are concentrated in one place) are very advantageous. Therefore, when sowing, it is necessary to sowing in the direction of the dots. Yield per unit area is reduced.

Therefore, sowing seeds of crops at regular intervals during sowing has a great effect on yield.

Generally, the seed drill is driven by a drive wheel attached to the seed drill. Since the drive wheel rotates in proportion to the traveling speed of the tractor, the seeding axis of the planter should also rotate in proportion to the running speed of the tractor. It is not proportional to the driving speed of, and in severe cases, an unseed section may occur.

In the seed drills that seed the seeds at regular intervals, the proportionality of the running speed and the rotation speed of the seeding shaft has a greater influence on the seeding performance.If the seeding shaft rotation speed is not proportional to the tractor running speed, the seeding interval is uneven The seeding range is so large that no dot wave can be achieved. This phenomenon is more pronounced in the case of high-speed dot waves.

To solve this problem, various speed measurement techniques such as a method using a microwave Doppler speed sensor and an ultrasonic Doppler sensor have been disclosed.

Although the technology using the microwave Doppler speed sensor can accurately measure the actual driving speed of the planter, it is expensive because complicated circuits are required for signal processing, and the device using the ultrasonic Doppler sensor is practical because of the large measurement error range. There was a problem that was difficult to do.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, by attaching a separate wheel connected to the encoder to the planter to output a signal from the encoder in accordance with the drive speed of the planter, by driving the planter according to the signal output from the encoder It is an object of the present invention to provide a driving speed proportional type seeding shaft driving apparatus of a seeding plant which enables a point wave of a predetermined interval to be made regardless of the driving speed of the seeding plant.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a seeding machine, a five-wheel driving with driving of the tractor, a first encoder for outputting a pulse signal according to the rotational speed of the five-wheel, a seeding shaft drive motor for driving the seeding shaft, seeding And a second encoder that outputs a pulse signal according to the rotational speed of the shaft drive motor, and a control device that receives the pulse signals output from the first and second encoders and drives the seeding shaft drive motor according to the difference. It is done.

1 is a side view of a planter with a five-wheel according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a block diagram of a control device including a control circuit of the seeding shaft drive motor according to the present invention.

3 is a block diagram of a frequency voltage conversion circuit according to the present invention.

4 is a circuit diagram of a motor overcurrent protection circuit.

Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

10: Ring 20: First encoder

21: 2nd encoder 30: seeding axis drive motor

50: control circuit 80, 80 Frequency Voltage Conversion Circuit

Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The seeding shaft drive device of the present invention, in the seeding machine, a five-wheel 10 for driving with the driving of the tractor, a first encoder 20 for outputting a pulse signal according to the rotation speed of the five-wheel 10, seeding for driving the seeding shaft According to the pulse signals output from the second encoder 21 and the first and second encoders 20 and 21 which output pulse signals corresponding to the rotational speed of the shaft drive motor 30 and the seeding shaft drive motor 30. The control circuit 50 for driving the seeding shaft drive motor 30 is configured.

1 is a side view of a seeding machine with a five-wheel according to the present invention, Figure 2 is a block diagram of a control device including a control circuit of the seeding shaft drive motor according to the present invention.

The fifth wheel, the fifth wheel of the planter, is installed on the rear lower surface of the planter. The first encoder 20 is connected to the rotation shaft of the ring 10. The encoder is a device for outputting a pulse signal corresponding to the amount of rotation in accordance with the rotation of the shaft, in the present invention is connected to the rotary shaft of the five wheels 10 and outputs a pulse signal in accordance with the rotation of the five wheels 10 control circuit 50 Enter

The control circuit 50 includes first and second frequency voltage conversion circuits 80 and 80. ) And an amplifier 84. First and second frequency voltage conversion circuits 80 and 80 ) Converts the pulse signal indicating the rotational speed of the five wheels 10 output from the first and second encoders 20 and 21 into voltages.

As shown in FIG. 3, the first and second frequency voltage conversion circuits 80 and 80. ) Is composed of a waveform shaping circuit 81, a monostable oscillating circuit 82, and a voltage converting circuit 83.

The waveform shaping circuit 81 converts the pulse signal output from the first and second encoders 20 and 21 into a pulse signal of 0 / 12V with noise removed, and the monostable oscillating circuit 82 converts the waveform shaping circuit. An output pulse proportional to the signal output at 81 is oscillated. The converted pulse signal is output as a voltage proportional to the frequency of the pulse signal through the voltage conversion circuit 83.

The signal output from the first frequency voltage converter 80 is input to the amplifier 84 and amplified, and then drives the seeding axis driving motor 30.

The pulse signal is output from the second encoder 21 according to the drive of the seeding axis driving motor 30. The amplifying unit 84 of the control circuit 50 outputs the first and second frequency voltage conversion circuits 80 and 80. After calculating the difference value of the pulse signal output from the), add the speed of the five wheels 10 to the difference value, and inverts it and inputs it to the seeding axis drive motor 30, the drive speed of the seeding axis drive motor 30 Will be readjusted.

Referring to FIG. 4, the driving principle of the seeding axis driving motor 30 is as follows. The current input from a is partially input to the first transistor TR1 and partially to the base of the second transistor TR2 through b in the diode D1. The amount of current input to the base of the second transistor TR2 is adjusted to drive the motor. At this time, a part of the current passing through the emitter of the second transistor TR2 is used as a motor driving current, and a part of the current driving the first transistor TR1, and when an overcurrent flows, flows to the base of the first transistor TR1. As the current increases, a large amount of current flowing through the first transistor TR1 flows through b, thereby limiting a current flowing through the second transistor TR2 to protect the seeding shaft drive motor 30 from overcurrent.

The second encoder 21 is connected to the rotation shaft of the seed shaft drive motor 30 so as to output a pulse signal according to the rotation of the seed shaft drive motor 30. The pulse signal output from the second encoder 21 is the second frequency voltage converter 80 ) Is entered.

At this time, the first encoder 20 and the second encoder 21 is installed using a vibration preventing cap that can absorb the vibration in order to prevent the vibration caused by the operation of the planter, the engine of the tractor or other The vibration generated from the part is transmitted to the rotary shaft or encoder, so that the seeding shaft drive motor is not operated when the rotational speed of the five-wheel drive is less than 15 rpm to prevent the motor from operating by the pulse generated from the encoder.

The following results were obtained by conducting a test for the present invention configured as described above to operate as intended.

[Indoor test]

An indoor test was conducted to confirm the normal operation of the circuit.

[Equation 1]

[V is the seeding speed (m / s), d is the diameter of the five wheels (m), x is the travel distance (m), n is the number of grooves of the seeding roller, respectively.]

After the theoretical value is obtained using Equation 1, the rotational speeds of the five wheels and the seeding axis are calculated to determine whether the theoretical values are correct.

In order to determine the rotational speed of the five wheels and the seeding shaft, when a separate motor is mounted on the five wheels and driven at a constant speed, the first encoder 20 obtains a constant pulse signal to drive the seeding shaft drive motor 30. After attaching the reflector to the seeding axis and the rotational axis of the five rings, use a tachometer to detect the light reflected from the reflector as the axis rotates to find the number of rotations of the axis. The room where the test is conducted is 18 ° C. and the wind speed is 0. The diameter of the wheel is 0.39m, the number of grooves of the roller is 5, and the daytime distance is set to 0.15m. It was increased in four steps at intervals of m / s, and the rotational speed of the seeding axis at the angular velocity level was compared with the theoretical speed obtained from the above equation by calculating the average value measured ten times.

The test results as shown in Table 1 can be obtained by the above-described test.

When the seeding speed was varied in the range of 0.5-0.8 m / s, the error range of the actual seeding axis rotational speed to the theoretical value was 0.31-1.61%. The cause of the error change is judged to be due to the irregular load change caused by the seed on the seeding axis, and it can be seen that the rotational speed of the seeding axis and the rotational speed of the five wheels are proportional.

TABLE 1

[Packaging test]

In order to verify that it works correctly under the same conditions as in the actual seeding operation, the test is performed in the same manner as the indoor test, but the actual measured weekly distance and setting when the seeding speed is changed in the range of about 0.5-1.0 m / s as follows. I checked the day distance.

Since the weekly distance of the seeded seeds could be different from the scattered degree and number of seeds sown per week, the distance between seeds sown per week was measured and the center was calculated as the average value, and the distance between the centers and the next seed group was expressed.

The 6-row seed drill was used, and two seeding states were measured, and the weekly distance was also expressed as an average value. The soils tested were sandy loam soils, and were generally flat.

The test results shown in Table 2 can be obtained by the test in the above manner.

TABLE 2

As can be seen in Table 2 above, when the day distance was 13 cm, the error of the day distance was 0.4%-4.7%, and when the 15 cm and 17 cm were 1.1-9.7% and 2.1-8.3%, respectively. . When the set weekly distances are the same, it is considered that the change of the error due to the change of the seeding rate does not appear as a constant trend can be improved by reducing the spreading range of the seed during seeding.

As a result of the above test, as the set weekly distance and the seeding speed are increased, the rate of change of the weekly distance with respect to the seeding speed increases. The magnitude of the rate of change was about 0.023 to 0.040 in the range of the seeding speed, and it was judged to be sufficient to prove the proportional relationship between the five wheels and the seeding axis speed.

Ideally, if the seeding axis rotates in proportion to the seeding rate, the rate of change of the weekly distance to the seeding rate is zero. The reason for the change rate is judged to be that the seed scattering range is not constant at 3-10 cm.

The present invention has the effect of attaching five wheels to the rear lower surface of the tractor, operating the seeding shaft of the planter according to the signal generated by the rotation of the five wheels, and sowing seeds at regular intervals regardless of the traveling speed of the tractor. There is an invention.

Claims (3)

In the seeding machine, a five-wheel 10 for driving with the driving of the tractor, a first encoder 20 for outputting a pulse signal according to the number of revolutions of the five-wheel 10, a seeding shaft drive motor 30 for driving the seeding shaft, The seedling axis driving motor (2) according to the pulse signals output from the second encoder 21 and the first and second encoders 20 and 21 outputting a pulse signal corresponding to the rotational speed of the seedling axis driving motor 30 ( 30. A traveling speed proportional type seeding shaft drive device for a seeding machine, characterized in that it comprises a control circuit (50) for operating 30). The method of claim 1, wherein the control circuit 50 is a frequency voltage conversion circuit (80, 80) ), A driving speed proportional type seeding shaft drive device of the seeding machine, characterized in that the amplification unit (84). 3. The frequency voltage converting circuit (80, 80) according to claim 2 Is a waveform shaping circuit (81), a monostable oscillation circuit (82), and a voltage conversion circuit (83).