CN109616606A - 二次电池的电池模块 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供一种用于二次电池的电池模块。电池模块包括用于连接极耳的母线。根据本发明的示例性实施方案,在用于二次电池的电池模块中,当每个二次电池的极耳通过激光焊接串联或并联连接时,可以在保持母线的总横截面积的同时减小焊接部分的厚度。因此,电池模块可具有提高的焊接质量的效果,并且还可具有适用于高容量电池或长时间使用的电池的效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及用于二次电池的电池模块,更具体地,涉及一种包括用于连接极耳的母线的用于二次电池的电池模块。
背景技术
近来,作为零排放车辆的电动车辆正在引起关注,以防止由于内燃机车辆的有害成分引起的空气污染。
实质上,具有诸如高能量密度、高输出密度、长寿命、轻量化等的高性能的二次电池对于驱动电动车辆是必不可少的。为此,正在开发或使用铅二次电池、锂二次电池、碱性二次电池、金属-空气二次电池、燃料二次电池等。另外,由于单个二次电池的性能不足,所以将多个二次电池串联连接、配置并用于产生高达几百伏的电压。在每个二次电池中,通常固定并安装正极端子和负极端子,并且多个二次电池集成在一个托盘中使用。
因此,在单个大容量二次电池(在下文中称为“电池”)中,多个电池单元彼此串联或并联连接。
在此,电池包括形成以电连接多个电池单元的极耳,并且母线用于将极耳彼此串联或并联连接。母线是一种用于直接或间接地将极耳彼此连接的夹具,用于通过激光焊接、超声波焊接或点焊接或使用诸如螺栓、铆钉等的紧固件连接极耳。
近来,人们避免使用具有增加的重量和难以确保空间的紧固件的连接方法,而使用节省时间且焊接质量优异的激光焊接的连接方法获得了关注。
激光焊接是指在焊接目标彼此面对的状态下将激光照射到一对待焊接的焊接目标中的一个上,并且熔化焊接目标彼此接触的部分使得焊接目标相互连接的方法。然而,在激光焊接中,当被激光照射的焊接目标的厚度小于未被激光照射的焊接目标的厚度时,焊接质量优异,否则,由于在未被激光照射的焊接对象中形成孔而导致焊接质量下降。
同时,图1示出其中在极耳弯曲和连接的状态下将母线激光焊接到极耳的上侧的构造。
由于在上述焊接方法中通过在母线的侧面照射激光来进行焊接,因此当母线的厚度大于极耳的厚度时,焊接质量降低。因此,母线需要配置得很薄。然而,当母线的厚度减小时,出现不能将母线应用于高容量电池或长时间使用的电池的问题。
发明内容
本发明的示例性实施方案旨在提供一种用于二次电池的电池模块,其可以通过减小母线的焊接部分的厚度来增加激光焊接质量,并且通过运用使用弯曲极耳的母线焊接方案保持母线的总横截面积,该电池模块还可以应用于具有高容量并且长时间使用的电池。
在一个一般方面,提供了一种用于二次电池的电池模块,该电池模块具有多个二次电池和从每个二次电池延伸并彼此焊接的极耳,该电池模块包括设置成与极耳连接部分紧密接触的母线,以进行极耳和相邻极耳的激光焊接,其中母线包括形成为凹进激光焊接部分的焊接坡口,并且其中母线的平均厚度大于极耳的厚度,并且形成有焊接坡口的母线的侧面的厚度小于极耳的厚度。
在电池模块中,多个极耳可以连接到一个母线,并且可以形成至少一个焊接坡口。
焊接坡口的激光焊接部分可以沿着极耳形成。
电池模块可以应用于包括其中极耳突出于袋状电池的电池模块。
极耳和相邻极耳可以弯曲成在极耳连接部分中彼此面对。当极耳从二次电池的上侧突出时,母线可以设置为面向极耳连接部分的上侧。可以使用位于母线上方的激光照射器照射的激光来焊接极耳连接部分和母线。
焊接坡口可以形成为在极耳的纵向方向上具有预定宽度。
焊接坡口可以形成为使得焊接坡口的两个纵向端部与母线的端部向内间隔开预定距离。
母线还可包括散热槽,散热槽形成为凹进邻近焊接坡口处。
焊接坡口的横截面可以具有矩形形状或宽度向下减小的梯形形状。
散热槽可以具有形成在内表面上的不平坦部分。
附图说明
图1为示意性地示出使用传统激光焊接的极耳连接的视图。
图2为示出典型二次电池的透视图。
图3为示出本发明示例性实施方案的电池模块的透视图。
图4为示意性地示出使用本发明的激光焊接的极耳连接的视图。
图5为示出其中形成有激光焊道的焊接坡口的截面图(单排焊接)。
图6为示出其中形成有激光焊道的焊接坡口的截面图(双排焊接)。
图7为示出本发明示例性实施方案的母线的透视图。
图8为示出本发明示例性实施方案的母线的平面图。
图9为沿图7的A-A'线截取的截面图。
图10为沿图7的B-B'线截取的截面图。
图11为示出本发明另一示例性实施方案的焊接坡口和散热槽的截面图。
图12A至图12C为示出本发明的多种示例性实施方案的母线的平面图。
具体实施方式
在描述本发明示例性实施方案的电池模块之前,将简要描述作为电池模块的基本结构的二次电池。
图2为示出常规二次电池1的整体透视图。
如图所示,二次电池1包括电极组件10,提供容纳电极组件10的空间的壳体2,以及填充壳体2的非水电解质(未示出)。在电极组件10中,多个正电极板和多个负电极板可以交替堆叠,并且可以通过隔膜分开。每个正电极板和负电极板通过暴露于壳体2外部的极耳13和极耳14传递或接收电流。尽管极耳13和极耳14都设置在如图所示的二次电池1结构中的壳体2的一侧,但是极耳13和极耳14也可分别形成在壳体2的相对侧。
由于这种单个二次电池的性能不足,所以将多个二次电池串联连接、配置并用于产生高达几百伏的电压。因此,将如上所述构造的多个二次电池串联或并联连接的组件称为电池模块。
在下文中,参考附图详细描述如上所述的本发明的示例性实施方案的电池模块100。
图3为示出本发明示例性实施方案的电池模块100的透视图。图4为示意性地示出使用激光焊接连接本发明示例性实施方案的电池模块100的极耳120的过程的截面图。
如图所示,在电池模块100中,堆叠多个二次电池110,并且使用母线150连接包括在每个二次电池110中的极耳120。本示例性实施方案的电池模块100被配置为通过最小化母线150的数量来减小电池模块100的重量和体积。因此,在待连接的一对极耳120弯曲成彼此面对之后,母线150设置在极耳弯曲部分121上方,并且母线150和极耳弯曲部分121使用激光焊接连接,从而构造电池模块100。
在此,本发明的母线150被配置为包括从顶表面向内凹陷的焊接坡口151,以提高激光焊接质量。换句话说,如图4所示,母线150的平均厚度被配置为大于极耳120的厚度,使得母线150可应用于高容量二次电池。另外,其中形成有焊接坡口151的母线150的厚度被配置为小于或等于极耳120的厚度,从而防止激光焊接质量的降低。特别地,焊接坡口151仅局部地形成在极耳120的焊接部分中,以使母线150平均厚度的减小最小化,并且通过焊接坡口151进行激光焊接以提高焊接质量。
图5为示出在单排焊接期间其中形成激光焊道的焊接坡口151的截面图。图6为示出在双排焊接期间其中形成激光焊道的焊接坡口151的截面图。
如图所示,在单排焊接期间,焊接坡口151的宽度w1可在2毫米(mm)至5mm的范围内。当焊接坡口151的宽度w1小于2mm时,不容易确保用于由于焊接而产生的焊道的空间,因此导致焊接质量的降低。当焊接坡口151的宽度w1大于5mm时,与焊接坡口151相比,母线150的横截面积的增加效果变得不明显。
在双排焊接期间,焊接坡口151的宽度w2可以在6mm至8mm的范围内。在双排焊接的情况下,由于需要考虑到在双排焊接期间形成的焊道之间的间隔iv,因而焊接坡口151形成为更宽,但宽度增加不与单排焊接成比例。
在下文中,将参照附图详细描述本发明示例性实施方案的上述母线150的形状。
图7为示出本发明示例性实施方案的母线150的整体透视图,图8为示出本发明示例性实施方案的母线150的平面图。图9和图10为母线150的截面图。图9为沿焊接坡口151的宽度方向截取的母线150的截面图,图10为沿焊接坡口151的纵向截取的母线150的截面图。
如图所示,母线150具有预定厚度的板的形状。作为示例,母线150可以是板。而且,母线150可以由作为导电材料实例的金属材料形成。母线150包括多个焊接坡口151和多个散热槽152。
焊接坡口151配置成从母线150的顶表面向下凹陷,并且在极耳120的纵向方向上形成,以具有预定宽度。更具体地,极耳120的纵向指的是与有极耳120突出的二次电池110的边缘部分平行的方向。焊接坡口151分别形成于设置在母线150的一侧的二次电池110的极耳120中以及设置在母线150的另一侧的二次电池110'的极耳120'中。
因此,如图8所示,沿着焊接坡口151形成的激光焊道可以在极耳120的纵向方向上以直线方式形成。通过如上所述在极耳120的纵向方向上以直线方式形成激光焊道,可以牢固地连接极耳并提高焊接质量。
此外,焊接坡口151的两个纵向端部与母线150的端部向内间隔开预定距离,使得焊接坡口151仅局部地形成在焊接部分上,从而使母线150平均厚度的减小最小化。
在母线150中,除了焊接坡口151之外,还可以形成具有与焊接坡口151类似形状的散热槽152。散热槽152配置成从母线150的顶表面向下凹陷,并在焊接坡口151的纵向方向上与焊接坡口151相邻地形成,以具有预定的宽度。散热槽152配置成通过增加母线150的顶表面的面积来增强母线150的冷却性能。
图11为示出本发明另一示例性实施方案的焊接坡口151和散热槽152的截面图。
如图所示,形成基本上具有矩形形状的焊接坡口151a作为焊接坡口151。此外,可以形成具有梯形形状的焊接坡口151b以降低母线厚度的减小。焊接坡口151b的宽度向下减小。此外,可以形成具有“V”形状的焊接坡口151c,以极大地降低母线150的厚度减小。
此外,如图所示,散热槽152还可包括形成在内表面上的不平坦部分152a,以进一步增加表面积。
图12A至图12C为示出本发明的多种示例性实施方案的母线150的平面图。形成在母线150中的焊接坡口151基本上具有如上所述的矩形平面形状。然而,在一个实例中,焊接坡口151a的两端可以具有半球形平面形状,如图12A所示。
在另一个实施例中,焊接坡口151b的两端可以具有椭圆形平面形状,如图12B所示。
在又一个实施例中,焊接坡口151c的两端可以具有方角形(square)平面形状,如图12C所示。
与具有矩形横截面的焊接坡口相比,具有上述形状的焊接坡口具有增加母线150的横截面积的效果。
根据本发明的示例性实施方案,在用于二次电池的电池模块中,当每个二次电池的极耳通过激光焊接串联或并联连接时,可以在保持母线的总横截面积的同时减小焊接部分的厚度。因此,电池模块可具有提高的焊接质量的效果,并且还可具有适用于高容量电池或长时间使用的电池的效果。
本发明不应被解释为限于上述示例性实施方案。本发明可以应用于各种领域,并且可以在不脱离权利要求中要求保护的本发明的主旨的情况下由本领域技术人员进行各种修改。因此,对于本领域技术人员显而易见的是,这些改变和修改落入本发明的范围内。
100:电池模块
110:二次电池
120:极耳
150:母线
151:焊接坡口
152:散热槽
Claims (10)
1.一种电池模块,所述电池模块具有多个二次电池和从每个所述二次电池延伸并彼此焊接的极耳,所述电池模块包括:
布置成与极耳连接部分紧密接触的母线,以进行极耳和相邻极耳的焊接,
其中所述母线包括形成为凹进焊接部分的焊接坡口,以及
其中,所述母线的平均厚度大于所述极耳的厚度,并且其中形成有焊接坡口的母线的厚度小于或等于极耳的厚度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电池模块,其中,在所述电池模块中,多个极耳连接到一个母线,并且形成至少一个焊接坡口。
3.根据权利要求1所述的电池模块,其中所述焊接坡口的焊接部分沿着所述极耳形成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的电池模块,其中所述电池模块应用于包括袋状电池的电池模块,其中极耳突出于所述袋状电池。
5.根据权利要求1所述的电池模块,其中,
在所述极耳连接部分中,极耳与相邻极耳弯曲成彼此面对,
当极耳从二次电池的上侧突出时,所述母线设置为面向所述极耳连接部分的上侧,并且
使用位于母线上方的激光照射器照射的激光来焊接所述极耳连接部分和所述母线。
6.根据权利要求1所述的电池模块,其中所述焊接坡口形成为在所述极耳的纵向方向上具有预定宽度。
7.根据权利要求6所述的电池模块,其中,所述焊接坡口形成为使得所述焊接坡口的两个纵向端部与所述母线的端部向内间隔开预定距离。
8.根据权利要求1所述的电池模块,其中,所述母线还包括散热槽,所述散热槽形成为凹进邻近所述焊接坡口处。
9.根据权利要求6所述的电池模块,其中所述焊接坡口的横截面具有矩形形状或宽度向下减小的梯形形状。
10.根据权利要求8所述的电池模块,其中,所述散热槽具有形成在内表面上的不平坦部分。
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