CN109601313A - Utilize the method for making control tobacco mosaic disease between Pelargonium roseum and flue-cured tobacco - Google Patents
Utilize the method for making control tobacco mosaic disease between Pelargonium roseum and flue-cured tobacco Download PDFInfo
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- CN109601313A CN109601313A CN201811493734.2A CN201811493734A CN109601313A CN 109601313 A CN109601313 A CN 109601313A CN 201811493734 A CN201811493734 A CN 201811493734A CN 109601313 A CN109601313 A CN 109601313A
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- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 240000004277 Pelargonium radens Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 19
- 238000009342 intercropping Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000723873 Tobacco mosaic virus Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 3
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001124076 Aphididae Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000724252 Cucumber mosaic virus Species 0.000 description 2
- 208000036142 Viral infection Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000003612 virological effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- BITDLWAQPKSXTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-[(3-nitrophenyl)methoxymethyl]pyridin-1-ium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC(COC[N+]=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 BITDLWAQPKSXTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 208000003322 Coinfection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000035473 Communicable disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 240000004784 Cymbopogon citratus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000017897 Cymbopogon citratus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008415 Lactuca sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003228 Lactuca sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001582888 Lobus Species 0.000 description 1
- DZZOJKGQQSORQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N N1C(=O)NC(=O)NC1=O.ClBr Chemical compound N1C(=O)NC(=O)NC1=O.ClBr DZZOJKGQQSORQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010676 Ocimum basilicum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007926 Ocimum gratissimum Species 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000018199 S phase Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 heat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960002581 moroxydine hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000017074 necrotic cell death Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008506 pathogenesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000447 pesticide residue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009889 stress physiology Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/45—Tobacco
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
A method of using control tobacco mosaic disease is made between Pelargonium roseum and flue-cured tobacco, the nursery of flue-cured tobacco, Pelargonium roseum is carried out, will be made between Pelargonium roseum and flue-cured tobacco；Temperature is transplanted when being 20~25 DEG C, is germinateed within 2~5 days；800~1000kg/ mus of organic fertilizer are used as base manure that can apply 1 thin liquid fertilizer every 7~10 days in peak period of blooming.The usage amount for reducing pesticide improves the safety and yield, quality of flue-cured tobacco.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to flue-cured tobacco pest control technical fields, are related to a kind of utilize and control between Pelargonium roseum and flue-cured tobacco
The method of tobacco mosaic disease.
Background technique
It has a long history between crop, is the essence of the fine agronomy of Chinese tradition.Some researches show that by certain works
Object makees form and carries out reasonably combined plantation between passing through, can effectively improve Plant population structure, make plant make full use of light,
The conditions such as water, heat, gas, fertilizer, to achieve the purpose that improve crop biological yield or economic flow rate, improve crop quality.Meanwhile
The reasonable application of these measures can also improve crop groups to the resistance of stress physiology to the maximum extent, control or mitigate certain
The generation of a little pest and disease damages achievees the effect that reduce applying pesticides, preserve the ecological environment.
Tobacco mosaic disease is the important of each cigarette district of a kind of disease that whole world tobacco cultivation area generally occurs and China
Disease, tobacco mosaic virus main species are tobacco mosaic viruses (TMV) and cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), different cigarettes
The advantage viral species in area are varied, and two kinds of virus mixed infection phenomenons are also relatively universal, due to tobacco mosaic disease biography poison with
Pathogenesis is more complex, therefore brings great difficulty to prevention and treatment.Tobacco mosaic disease not only seriously affects yield, but also obviously drops
Low quality of tobacco, the ratio of medium grade cigarette in reduction, due to tobacco leaf presentation quality and inherent compositional effect it is larger, to reduce
The utilizability of tobacco leaf.Tobacco mosaic disease has become the high-quality suitable major obstacles for producing cultivation of tobacco leaf, research and prevention and treatment mosaic disease one
It is directly the key subjects in tobacco leaf production.
Its main control method mainly has at present: 1. breeding resistant varieties 2. cultivate the disease-free tobacco seedlings of health, simultaneous selection without
Malicious seedbed, reinforce spray and kill aphid, strengthened management with reducing the chance 3. of aphid infectious disease viral disease: timely top dressing earths up, pours
Water, balance fertilizing, Shaoshi nitrogenous fertilizer increase phosphorus, potash fertilizer, micro- fertilizer and organic fertilizer, promote plant strain growth stalwartness, improve premunition；It is early
Early cultivation is broadcast, discovery in time and rejecting 4. chemical control of sick seedling: virosis special efficacy element, chlorobromide isocyanuric acid, Moroxydine Hydrochloride etc..Benefit
Prevention and control are carried out with chemical agent to be easy to bring pesticide residue so as to cause tobacco leaf safety reduction.
Summary of the invention
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of utilize and makees control tobacco mosaic disease between Pelargonium roseum and flue-cured tobacco
Method reduces the usage amount of pesticide, improves the safety and yield, quality of flue-cured tobacco, solves and exist in the prior art
The problem of.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that a kind of utilize work control tobacco mosaic disease between Pelargonium roseum and flue-cured tobacco
Method specifically follows the steps below:
Step S1 carries out the nursery of flue-cured tobacco, Pelargonium roseum, will make between Pelargonium roseum and flue-cured tobacco；
Step S2, temperature are transplanted when being 20~25 DEG C, are germinateed within 2~5 days；
Step S3,800~1000kg/ mus of organic fertilizer are used as base manure, in peak period of blooming, can be applied every 7~10 days 1 time it is dilute
Thin liquid fertilizer.
Further, the flue-cured tobacco cultivars are red big.
Further, in the step S1, the level land that selection draining is good, soil layer is loose is planted, the plant made
Away from consistent with flue-cured tobacco, line space is 1.2 meters, and spacing in the rows is 50cm.
Further, in the step S2, the time of transplanting is spring or autumn.
Further, in the step S2, the specific practice of transplanting is: 4 moisture in the soil Pelargonium roseums of every plantation, adjacent plantation 12
Moisture in the soil flue-cured tobacco.
Further, in the step S3, in the effective component of base manure, according to mass percent include 50% it is organic
Matter, 20% humic acid, N+P+K=5%.
Further, in the step S3, the mass percent of N+P+K accounts for 45%, and N:P:K in the effective component of liquid fertilizer
=1:1:1.
The medicine have the advantages that intercropping plant technology can be improved the resource utilizations such as light, heat, fertilizer, pest and disease damage is prevented and treated,
The productivity and stability for increasing agricultural production system be promote higher yield of crops, efficiently, the important technique measure persistently increased production.
The present invention using Pelargonium roseum and the disease incidence and disease index of flue-cured tobacco mosaic disease after flue-cured tobacco intercropping plant by below being connected
The flue-cured tobacco of piece plantation, and difference reaches extremely significant level, effectively reduces the generation of tobacco virus disease, reduces Pesticide use amount
50% or more, it improves tobacco leaf and obtains safety and quality.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described,
Obviously, described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based in the present invention
Embodiment, every other embodiment obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts, all
Belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
A method of using between Pelargonium roseum and flue-cured tobacco make control tobacco mosaic disease, specifically according to the following steps into
Row:
The natural perfume source plant that the Pelargonium roseum used herein is planted for the stone forest cloud and mist impression cigarette village；Flue-cured tobacco cultivars are red
Greatly.
The level land that step 1. selection draining is good, soil layer is loose is planted, and is made between Pelargonium roseum and flue-cured tobacco, work
Seeding row spacing is consistent with flue-cured tobacco, i.e., line space is 1.2 meters, and spacing in the rows is 50cm.
Step 2. temperature is transplanted when being 20~25 DEG C, is germinateed within about 2~5 days.Spring, autumn transplanting.According to preceding
Phase result of study shows 4 moisture in the soil Pelargonium roseums of every plantation, 12 moisture in the soil flue-cured tobaccos of adjacent plantation are planted according to the quantity ratio of 3 ︰ 1,
Flue-cured tobacco incidence of insect disease and disease index are minimum, especially have to tobacco virus and significantly inhibit effect.Therefore, it uses
The ratio is planted.
Step 3. applies 800~1000kg/ of biological organic fertilizer mus of thousand state and is used as base manure, and active constituent content is (N+P+K
=5%, organic matter: 50%, humic acid: 20%)；In peak period of blooming, 1 thin liquid fertilizer can be applied every 7~10 days, liquid fertilizer is
The water-soluble liquid fertilizer of a great number of elements, active constituent content are (N+P+K=45%；N:P:K=1:1:1).
Step 4. suitably controls water during the growth process.When spring and autumn Growth and anthesis is vigorous, to keep basin soil is wet to be advisable.Winter
It should water less as far as possible.
The stem of Pelargonium roseum, leaf and Huadu can give out volatile aroma, which can effectively inhibit
Tobacco mosaic disease passes malicious medium-aphid.It is 4 moisture in the soil Pelargonium roseums of every plantation by Pelargonium roseum and flue-cured tobacco intercropping mode, it is adjacent
12 moisture in the soil of flue-cured tobacco, adjacent every moisture in the soil line space 1.2m are planted, which can guarantee Pelargonium roseum volatility gas to greatest extent
Taste passes the inhibitory effect of malicious medium-aphid to tobacco mosaic disease.Therefore by will can reduce between Pelargonium roseum and flue-cured tobacco
Flue-cured tobacco virosis disease incidence reduces Pesticide use amount, promotes flue-cured tobacco safety.
Case study on implementation
Building cropping pattern, 4 moisture in the soils of every plantation, adjacent plantation are combined with flue-cured tobacco using natural perfume source plant-Pelargonium roseum
12 moisture in the soil of flue-cured tobacco, adjacent every moisture in the soil line space 1.2m.It is net in flakes at 500 meters of the biocoene to make that 100 mu of flue-cured tobaccos are red greatly to be compareed,
Every processing is set to be repeated three times.Disease survey and Seriousness gradation standard according to GB/T 23222-2008 regulation.Carry out system tune
Look into: to picking time since group's phase, 5 points of samplings are fixed in field, and every no less than 30 plants, calculating disease incidence and disease index.0
Grade: complete stool is disease-free.1 grade；Lobus cardiacus veinclearing or slight floral leaf, diseased plant are downgraded without obvious.3 grades: 1/3 blade floral leaves but indeformable, or
It is 3/4 or more of normal plant height that diseased plant, which is downgraded,.5 grades: 1/3 to 1/2 blade floral leaves, or a small number of deformable blades or master pulse blackening, or
It is the 2/3 to 3/4 of normal plant height that diseased plant, which is downgraded,.7 grades: 1/2 to 2/3 blade floral leaves, or deformation or main side arteries and veins necrosis or diseased plant it is short
Turn to the 1/2 to 2/3 of normal plant height.9 grades: complete stool blade floral leaf, it is normal plant height that severely deformed or downright bad or diseased plant, which is downgraded,
1/2 or more.
We are between in the case where perfume material plant makees the mode made between the different perfume material plants of environment and flue-cured tobacco from flue-cured tobacco, no
Incidence with tobacco diseases is investigated.In tobacco breeding time discovery tobacco mosaic disease in flue-cured tobacco+sweet basil, flue-cured tobacco+coloured glaze
Disease incidence under 3 kinds of intercropping modes of glass lettuce and flue-cured tobacco+lemon-grass is very high, respectively 50.5%, 33.5% and 44.3%, and
Disease incidence under flue-cured tobacco+Pelargonium roseum intercropping mode is lower, and only 5.2%, compareing is 45.5%, the results showed that flue-cured tobacco+
Pelargonium roseum intercropping mode has good inhibiting effect to tobacco mosaic disease.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all
Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so within the spirit and principles in the present invention, are all contained in protection scope of the present invention
It is interior.
Claims (7)
1. it is a kind of utilize between Pelargonium roseum and flue-cured tobacco make control tobacco mosaic disease method, which is characterized in that specifically according to
Lower step carries out:
Step S1 carries out the nursery of flue-cured tobacco, Pelargonium roseum, will make between Pelargonium roseum and flue-cured tobacco；
Step S2, temperature are transplanted when being 20~25 DEG C, are germinateed within 2~5 days；
Step S3,800~1000kg/ mus of organic fertilizer are used as base manure, in peak period of blooming, can be applied every 7~10 days 1 time it is thin
Liquid fertilizer.
2. according to claim 1 utilize the method for making control tobacco mosaic disease between Pelargonium roseum and flue-cured tobacco, feature
It is, the flue-cured tobacco cultivars are red big.
3. according to claim 1 utilize the method for making control tobacco mosaic disease between Pelargonium roseum and flue-cured tobacco, feature
It is, in the step S1, the level land that selection draining is good, soil layer is loose is planted, and the seeding row spacing made is consistent with flue-cured tobacco,
Line space is 1.2 meters, and spacing in the rows is 50cm.
4. according to claim 1 utilize the method for making control tobacco mosaic disease between Pelargonium roseum and flue-cured tobacco, feature
It is, in the step S2, the time of transplanting is spring or autumn.
5. it is according to claim 1 or 4 using the method for making control tobacco mosaic disease between Pelargonium roseum and flue-cured tobacco, it is special
Sign is that in the step S2, the specific practice of transplanting is: 4 moisture in the soil Pelargonium roseums of every plantation, 12 moisture in the soil flue-cured tobaccos of adjacent plantation.
6. according to claim 1 utilize the method for making control tobacco mosaic disease between Pelargonium roseum and flue-cured tobacco, feature
It is, includes 50% organic matter, 20% humic according to mass percent in the effective component of base manure in the step S3
Acid, N+P+K=5%.
7. according to claim 1 utilize the method for making control tobacco mosaic disease between Pelargonium roseum and flue-cured tobacco, feature
It is, in the step S3, the mass percent of N+P+K accounts for 45%, and N:P:K=1:1:1 in the effective component of liquid fertilizer.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811493734.2A CN109601313A (en) | 2018-12-07 | 2018-12-07 | Utilize the method for making control tobacco mosaic disease between Pelargonium roseum and flue-cured tobacco |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811493734.2A CN109601313A (en) | 2018-12-07 | 2018-12-07 | Utilize the method for making control tobacco mosaic disease between Pelargonium roseum and flue-cured tobacco |
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| CN109601313A true CN109601313A (en) | 2019-04-12 |
Family
ID=66008480
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811493734.2A Pending CN109601313A (en) | 2018-12-07 | 2018-12-07 | Utilize the method for making control tobacco mosaic disease between Pelargonium roseum and flue-cured tobacco |
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| CN109952931A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-07-02 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of flue-cured tobacco of suitable large-area applications-cordate houttuynia intercropping method |
| CN109964780A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-07-05 | 华南农业大学 | A method of for preventing and treating tobacco virus |
| CN109964779A (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2019-07-05 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of synchronous implantation methods for reducing tobacco TMV, CMV and PVY virus |
| CN109984004A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-07-09 | 华南农业大学 | A method of improvement vega soil reduces tobacco virus simultaneously |
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Application publication date: 20190412 |