CN109593301A - 一种阻燃型pvc发泡板及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种阻燃型pvc发泡板及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109593301A
CN109593301A CN201811560006.9A CN201811560006A CN109593301A CN 109593301 A CN109593301 A CN 109593301A CN 201811560006 A CN201811560006 A CN 201811560006A CN 109593301 A CN109593301 A CN 109593301A
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pvc foam
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朱兰明
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Gaomi Vast Wood Mstar Technology Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种阻燃型PVC发泡板及其制备方法，它属于PVC发泡板生产技术领域，所述阻燃型PVC发泡板，由以下重量份的原料制备而成：平均聚合度700‑800的PVC 100份、发泡调节剂2‑7份、发泡剂0.5‑0.8份、溴化聚苯醚3‑8份、尿素2‑5份、钙锌复合稳定剂3‑5份、硬脂酸钡2‑5份、纳米轻质碳酸钙5‑12份、木粉25‑35份、硬酯酸铝0.4‑0.6份、氧化聚乙烯蜡0.6‑0.8份、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯40‑50份。通过在PVC发泡板生产配方中加入阻燃剂溴化聚苯醚与尿素，使得制出的PVC发泡板具备良好的阻燃性能，提高PVC发泡板的安全性能，同时，结合其他助剂，PVC发泡板的韧性、机械强度也得到提高。

Description

一种阻燃型PVC发泡板及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及PVC发泡板生产技术领域，具体涉及一种阻燃型PVC发泡板及其制备方法。
背景技术
PVC发泡板又称为雪弗板和安迪板，以聚氯乙烯(PVC)为主要原料，添加各种助剂，是一种绿色环保的新型材料。目前PVC产业在全世界发展迅速，前景广阔，各国都看好PVC的潜力以及其对生态环境的好处，PVC正以其优越、独特的性能向世人证明其作用和地位是目前任何其它产品都无法取代的。PVC发泡板广泛应用于船舶、列车制造、家具制作、装饰装修、广告业的丝印、制作等行业，与木材同等加工时，加工性能远优于木材，是木材、铝材、复合板材的理想替代品。但目前PVC发泡板的阻燃性较差，遇到火灾不能达到有效的阻燃效果，使用时存在安全隐患。
发明内容
对于上述技术问题，本发明提供一种阻燃型PVC发泡板及其制备方法，通过在PVC发泡板生产配方中加入阻燃剂溴化聚苯醚与尿素，使得制出的PVC发泡板具备良好的阻燃性能，提高PVC发泡板的安全性能，同时，结合其他助剂，PVC发泡板的韧性、机械强度也得到提高。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案如下：
一种阻燃型PVC发泡板，由以下重量份的原料制备而成：
平均聚合度700-800的PVC 100份、发泡调节剂2-7份、发泡剂0.5-0.8份、溴化聚苯醚3-8份、尿素2-5份、钙锌复合稳定剂3-5份、硬脂酸钡2-5份、纳米轻质碳酸钙5-12份、木粉25-35份、硬酯酸铝0.4-0.6份、氧化聚乙烯蜡0.6-0.8份、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯40-50份。
优选的，上述阻燃型PVC发泡板，由以下重量份的原料制备而成：
平均聚合度700-800的PVC 100份、发泡调节剂5份、发泡剂0.6份、溴化聚苯醚5份、尿素3份、钙锌复合稳定剂4份、硬脂酸钡3.5份、纳米轻质碳酸钙8份、木粉30份、硬酯酸铝0.5份、氧化聚乙烯蜡0.7份、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯45份。
优选的，所述发泡剂为AC发泡剂。
优选的，所述发泡调节剂为丙烯酸酯类发泡调节剂。
优选的，所述丙烯酸酯类发泡调节剂是由以下重量份数的原料经乳液聚合反应制备而成：甲基丙烯酸甲酯60份、丙烯酸丁酯23份、焦磷酸钠1.2份、十二烷基硫酸钠1.8份、过硫酸钾1.2份、水150份。
本发明还提供一种阻燃型PVC发泡板的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)称量：按照上述重量份称取各种原料；
(2)将PVC粉、溴化聚苯醚、尿素、钙锌复合稳定剂、硬脂酸钡、纳米轻质碳酸钙、木粉、硬脂酸铝放入高速搅拌机中均匀混合，直至固体颗粒混合均匀后，加入发泡调节剂、发泡剂、润滑剂氧化聚乙烯蜡及增塑剂邻苯二甲酸二辛酯，直至混合均匀；
(3)将混合均匀的混合物加入双辊混炼机进行开炼，加工温度为130-140℃，直至成膜表面光滑且无龟裂；
(4)将开炼过的混合物置于平板硫化仪中加压成型，压力为4-9MPa，加工温度为135-150℃；
(5)按照需求裁切成所需的尺寸，之后将其置于室温下冷却定型24-72h，即得到最终产品。
本发明采用的丙烯酸酯类发泡调节剂是由甲基丙烯酸甲酯与丙烯酸丁酯双元聚合制备而成，聚合温度在55-60℃，由引发剂引发进行乳液聚合反应，产品的粘度可以达到12-13，该丙烯酸酯类发泡调节剂具有良好的粉体流动性，可制得泡孔均匀的PVC发泡板制品。
本发明的有益效果表现在：
溴化聚苯醚作为聚苯醚的溴化产物，由于其优异的热稳定性、耐热性及机械性能，得到了更为广泛的应用，作为一种高效阻燃剂，阻燃性好，溴化聚苯醚作为主阻燃剂，且结合助阻燃剂尿素，可充分发挥协同阻燃效果，使得制出的PVC发泡板具备良好的阻燃性能，提高PVC发泡板的安全性能；以硬酯酸铝作为内润滑剂，以氧化聚乙烯蜡作为外润滑剂，能改善加工过程中不粘连和流动性，加速聚氯乙烯树脂熔融，提高熔体强度，减少熔体破裂和渗出，有利于改善产品外观，且对发泡板的机械性能无不良影响；纳米轻质碳酸钙具有增韧补强的作用；硬脂酸钡作为热稳定剂可提高发泡板的热稳定性；采用木粉使得PVC发泡板具有纤维的轻便和韧性，可用旧的木材或木材边角料回收后，经破碎、过筛、烘烤，使其符合生产状态后使用，来源广泛、价格便宜，且合理利用木材资源，节能、节材。
具体实施方式
为了便于本领域技术人员理解，下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步的说明：
实施例1：
一种阻燃型PVC发泡板，由以下重量份的原料制备而成：
平均聚合度700-800的PVC 100份、发泡调节剂5份、发泡剂0.6份、溴化聚苯醚5份、尿素3份、钙锌复合稳定剂4份、硬脂酸钡3.5份、纳米轻质碳酸钙8份、木粉30份、硬酯酸铝0.5份、氧化聚乙烯蜡0.7份、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯45份。
所述发泡剂为AC发泡剂。所述发泡调节剂为丙烯酸酯类发泡调节剂。所述丙烯酸酯类发泡调节剂是由以下重量份数的原料经乳液聚合反应制备而成：甲基丙烯酸甲酯60份、丙烯酸丁酯23份、焦磷酸钠1.2份、十二烷基硫酸钠1.8份、过硫酸钾1.2份、水150份。
上述一种阻燃型PVC发泡板的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)称量：按照上述重量份称取各种原料；
(2)将PVC粉、溴化聚苯醚、尿素、钙锌复合稳定剂、硬脂酸钡、纳米轻质碳酸钙、木粉、硬脂酸铝放入高速搅拌机中均匀混合，直至固体颗粒混合均匀后，加入发泡调节剂、发泡剂、润滑剂氧化聚乙烯蜡及增塑剂邻苯二甲酸二辛酯，直至混合均匀；
(3)将混合均匀的混合物加入双辊混炼机进行开炼，加工温度为130-140℃，直至成膜表面光滑且无龟裂；
(4)将开炼过的混合物置于平板硫化仪中加压成型，压力为4-9MPa，加工温度为135-150℃；
(5)按照需求裁切成所需的尺寸，之后将其置于室温下冷却定型24-72h，即得到最终产品。
实施例2：
一种阻燃型PVC发泡板，由以下重量份的原料制备而成：
平均聚合度700-800的PVC 100份、发泡调节剂7份、发泡剂0.8份、溴化聚苯醚3份、尿素2份、钙锌复合稳定剂3份、硬脂酸钡2份、纳米轻质碳酸钙5份、木粉25份、硬酯酸铝0.4份、氧化聚乙烯蜡0.6份、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯40份。
所述发泡剂为AC发泡剂。所述发泡调节剂为丙烯酸酯类发泡调节剂。所述丙烯酸酯类发泡调节剂是由以下重量份数的原料经乳液聚合反应制备而成：甲基丙烯酸甲酯60份、丙烯酸丁酯23份、焦磷酸钠1.2份、十二烷基硫酸钠1.8份、过硫酸钾1.2份、水150份。
上述一种阻燃型PVC发泡板的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)称量：按照上述重量份称取各种原料；
(2)将PVC粉、溴化聚苯醚、尿素、钙锌复合稳定剂、硬脂酸钡、纳米轻质碳酸钙、木粉、硬脂酸铝放入高速搅拌机中均匀混合，直至固体颗粒混合均匀后，加入发泡调节剂、发泡剂、润滑剂氧化聚乙烯蜡及增塑剂邻苯二甲酸二辛酯，直至混合均匀；
(3)将混合均匀的混合物加入双辊混炼机进行开炼，加工温度为130-140℃，直至成膜表面光滑且无龟裂；
(4)将开炼过的混合物置于平板硫化仪中加压成型，压力为4-9MPa，加工温度为135-150℃；
(5)按照需求裁切成所需的尺寸，之后将其置于室温下冷却定型24-72h，即得到最终产品。
实施例3：
一种阻燃型PVC发泡板，由以下重量份的原料制备而成：
平均聚合度700-800的PVC 100份、发泡调节剂2份、发泡剂0.5份、溴化聚苯醚8份、尿素5份、钙锌复合稳定剂5份、硬脂酸钡5份、纳米轻质碳酸钙12份、木粉35份、硬酯酸铝0.6份、氧化聚乙烯蜡0.8份、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯50份。
所述发泡剂为AC发泡剂。所述发泡调节剂为丙烯酸酯类发泡调节剂。所述丙烯酸酯类发泡调节剂是由以下重量份数的原料经乳液聚合反应制备而成：甲基丙烯酸甲酯60份、丙烯酸丁酯23份、焦磷酸钠1.2份、十二烷基硫酸钠1.8份、过硫酸钾1.2份、水150份。
上述一种阻燃型PVC发泡板的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)称量：按照上述重量份称取各种原料；
(2)将PVC粉、溴化聚苯醚、尿素、钙锌复合稳定剂、硬脂酸钡、纳米轻质碳酸钙、木粉、硬脂酸铝放入高速搅拌机中均匀混合，直至固体颗粒混合均匀后，加入发泡调节剂、发泡剂、润滑剂氧化聚乙烯蜡及增塑剂邻苯二甲酸二辛酯，直至混合均匀；
(3)将混合均匀的混合物加入双辊混炼机进行开炼，加工温度为130-140℃，直至成膜表面光滑且无龟裂；
(4)将开炼过的混合物置于平板硫化仪中加压成型，压力为4-9MPa，加工温度为135-150℃；
(5)按照需求裁切成所需的尺寸，之后将其置于室温下冷却定型24-72h，即得到最终产品。
以上内容仅仅是对本发明的结构所作的举例和说明，所属本技术领域的技术人员对所描述的具体实施例做各种各样的修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代，只要不偏离发明的结构或者超越本权利要求书所定义的范围，均应属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (6)

1.一种阻燃型PVC发泡板，其特征在于，由以下重量份的原料制备而成：
平均聚合度700-800的PVC 100份、发泡调节剂2-7份、发泡剂0.5-0.8份、溴化聚苯醚3-8份、尿素2-5份、钙锌复合稳定剂3-5份、硬脂酸钡2-5份、纳米轻质碳酸钙5-12份、木粉25-35份、硬酯酸铝0.4-0.6份、氧化聚乙烯蜡0.6-0.8份、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯40-50份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃型PVC发泡板，其特征在于，由以下重量份的原料制备而成：
平均聚合度700-800的PVC 100份、发泡调节剂5份、发泡剂0.6份、溴化聚苯醚5份、尿素3份、钙锌复合稳定剂4份、硬脂酸钡3.5份、纳米轻质碳酸钙8份、木粉30份、硬酯酸铝0.5份、氧化聚乙烯蜡0.7份、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯45份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃型PVC发泡板，其特征在于，所述发泡剂为AC发泡剂。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃型PVC发泡板，其特征在于，所述发泡调节剂为丙烯酸酯类发泡调节剂。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种阻燃型PVC发泡板，其特征在于，所述丙烯酸酯类发泡调节剂是由以下重量份数的原料经乳液聚合反应制备而成：甲基丙烯酸甲酯60份、丙烯酸丁酯23份、焦磷酸钠1.2份、十二烷基硫酸钠1.8份、过硫酸钾1.2份、水150份。
6.权利要求1-5任一项所述的一种阻燃型PVC发泡板的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)称量：按照上述重量份称取各种原料；
(2)将PVC粉、溴化聚苯醚、尿素、钙锌复合稳定剂、硬脂酸钡、纳米轻质碳酸钙、木粉、硬脂酸铝放入高速搅拌机中均匀混合，直至固体颗粒混合均匀后，加入发泡调节剂、发泡剂、润滑剂氧化聚乙烯蜡及增塑剂邻苯二甲酸二辛酯，直至混合均匀；
(3)将混合均匀的混合物加入双辊混炼机进行开炼，加工温度为130-140℃，直至成膜表面光滑且无龟裂；
(4)将开炼过的混合物置于平板硫化仪中加压成型，压力为4-9MPa，加工温度为135-150℃；
(5)按照需求裁切成所需的尺寸，之后将其置于室温下冷却定型24-72h，即得到最终产品。
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