CN109565987B - Sandy saline-alkali soil remediation device and remediation method thereof - Google Patents
Sandy saline-alkali soil remediation device and remediation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109565987B CN109565987B CN201910040676.6A CN201910040676A CN109565987B CN 109565987 B CN109565987 B CN 109565987B CN 201910040676 A CN201910040676 A CN 201910040676A CN 109565987 B CN109565987 B CN 109565987B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B77/00—Machines for lifting and treating soil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sandy saline-alkali soil restoration device which comprises water storage sponge, a bottom plate, water absorption sponge, a shell and a top plate, wherein a partition plate is arranged at the top end inside the shell, and a plurality of mounting holes are uniformly arranged at equal intervals on the partition plate and the bottom of the shell. According to the invention, the water absorption sponge is arranged in the shell between the upper pressing plate and the lower pressing plate, the water storage sponge is arranged in the shell above the partition plate, and the plants are planted on the soil above the shell, so that the water absorption sponge is convenient to absorb and discharge underground water in the deep layer of the soil, the water with underground dissolved salt is prevented from rising to the surface of the soil through capillary action and evaporating to form saline-alkali soil, rainwater permeating into the shell is convenient to collect, the interior of the shell and the drain pipe are cleaned, the service life of the device is prolonged, the water storage sponge arranged above the partition plate increases the wettability of the upper soil, the plants are convenient to grow, and the upper soil is treated and repaired, so that the effect and the efficiency of treating the saline-alkali soil are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil remediation, in particular to a sandy saline-alkali soil remediation device and a remediation method thereof.
Background
The saline-alkali soil is a kind of salt accumulation, which means that the normal growth of crops is influenced by salt contained in the soil, according to incomplete statistics of textbook organization and grain and agriculture organization of the united nations, the area of the saline-alkali soil is 9.5438 hundred million hectares all over the world, wherein 9913 million hectares in China are formed, most of the alkaline earth and alkalized soil are related to the accumulation of carbonate in the soil, so that the alkalization degree is generally high, and plants in serious saline-alkali soil regions can hardly survive.
Various saline-alkali soils are formed under certain natural conditions, and the essence of the formation is that various easily soluble salts are redistributed in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction on the ground, so that the salts are gradually accumulated on the soil surface layer of a salt collecting area, much rainwater is concentrated in summer, and a large amount of soluble salts seep to a lower layer or flow away along with water, namely a 'desalting' season; in spring, the water on the earth surface is evaporated strongly, and the salt in the underground water is accumulated on the surface layer of the soil along with the rising of the capillary water, which is the main 'salt return' season.
At present, no efficient treatment method exists for saline-alkali soil, saline-alkali pressing can be carried out only by traditional soil turning and pressing and repeated planting preparation, but the working efficiency is low, the treatment effect is relatively poor, the investment of manpower and material resources is large, the treatment effect is not obvious, the temporary solution and the permanent solution are treated, and the requirements of actual treatment work and normal production and living activities cannot be effectively met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a sandy saline-alkali soil remediation device and a remediation method thereof, and aims to solve the problems that the conventional saline-alkali soil provided in the background art has no high-efficiency remediation method, only can be subjected to saline-alkali pressing by traditional soil turning and repeated planting preparation, but has low working efficiency, relatively poor remediation effect, large manpower and material resource investment, unobvious remediation effect, temporary solution and permanent solution treatment, and can not effectively meet the requirements of actual remediation work and normal production and living activities.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a sandy saline-alkali soil restoration device comprises a water storage sponge, a lower pressing plate, a water absorption sponge, a shell and an upper pressing plate, wherein a partition plate is arranged at the top end inside the shell, a plurality of mounting holes are uniformly arranged at the bottoms of the partition plate and the shell at equal intervals, first water leakage plugs are all installed at the tops of the partition plates at the positions of the mounting holes, second water leakage plugs are all installed at the bottom of the shell at the positions of the mounting holes, water leakage holes are all formed inside the second water leakage plugs and the first water leakage plugs, filter screens are all arranged inside the first water leakage plugs and the second water leakage plugs at the positions of the water leakage holes, external threads are arranged on the outer side walls of the first water leakage plugs and the second water leakage plugs, internal threads matched with the external threads are arranged inside the mounting holes, a first plug column is arranged between two adjacent mounting holes at the bottom end inside the shell, the lower pressing plate is arranged at the bottom end inside the first plug column, a first reset spring is arranged between the lower pressing plate and the bottom end inside the shell, first through holes matched with the first plugs are uniformly arranged on the lower pressing plate, a water-absorbing sponge is arranged inside the shell above the lower pressing plate, a plastic thin plate is arranged at the top of the water-absorbing sponge, a plurality of second through holes are uniformly arranged on the plastic thin plate at equal intervals, second plugs are uniformly arranged at the top of the plastic thin plate between every two adjacent second through holes, humidity sensors are arranged on two sides of two ends of the bottom of the plastic thin plate, an upper pressing plate is arranged at the bottom of the partition plate above the plastic thin plate, third through holes matched with the second plugs are uniformly arranged on the upper pressing plate, a second reset spring is arranged between the upper pressing plate and the partition plate, a magnet piece is arranged at the middle position inside the upper pressing plate, an electromagnet is arranged inside the partition plate above the magnet piece, and a water storage sponge is arranged inside the shell above the partition plate, the device is characterized in that four corners of the bottom end inside the shell are all provided with slide bars, one end of each slide bar, far away from the shell, sequentially penetrates through the lower pressing plate, the water-absorbing sponge, the plastic thin plate and the upper pressing plate and is fixed with the partition plate, first movable holes matched with the slide bars are arranged at the same positions of the lower pressing plate, the water-absorbing sponge and the plastic thin plate, a limiting block is fixed on the outer side wall of each slide bar between the plastic thin plate and the upper pressing plate, a movable sleeve is sleeved outside the slide bars below the limiting block, a second movable hole with the aperture larger than that of the limiting block and smaller than that of the movable sleeve is arranged on the upper pressing plate, one side of the bottom end of the outer side wall of the shell is connected with a drain pipe, first mounting blocks are uniformly arranged on the outer side wall of the shell above the drain pipe at equal intervals, and second mounting blocks matched with the first mounting blocks are uniformly arranged on one side of the outer side wall of the shell, far away from the first mounting blocks, and a controller is arranged in one of the second mounting blocks, the electromagnet is electrically connected with the controller through a lead, and the output end of the humidity sensor is electrically connected with the input end of the controller through a lead.
Preferably, the shell, the lower pressing plate, the upper pressing plate and the partition plate are all made of plastic materials, and the filter screens in the first water leakage plug and the second water leakage plug are all made of non-woven filter cloth.
Preferably, the drain pipe is provided with a one-way valve, and one end of the drain pipe, which is far away from the shell, is provided with a rotary joint.
Preferably, the width of the first mounting block and the second mounting block is greater than or equal to the width of the extended drain pipe.
The method for repairing sandy saline-alkali soil repairing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
s1: the method comprises the steps of arranging a repairing groove at the position of sandy saline-alkali soil to be repaired, cleaning soil dug out in the process of arranging the repairing groove by using clear water, selecting and arranging a complete repairing groove or a row of repairing grooves with the width being 3 times of the width of a shell according to the size of the actual saline-alkali soil environment, wherein the depth of the repairing groove is not less than 70 cm, and leveling the bottom of the repairing groove.
S2: when the repairing groove is formed into a complete piece, the shell is placed in the repairing groove, the first mounting block and the second mounting block on the outer side wall of the shell are bonded with the second mounting block and the first mounting block on the outer side wall of the left shell and the right shell which are adjacent, the front shell and the rear shell are sequentially connected end to end, a partition layer is formed in soil, soil is backfilled, when the width of the repairing groove is 3 times of the width of the shell, two rows of shells are placed in advance to be built, the same row of drain pipes are communicated through a rotary joint, the repairing groove with the width being 2 times of the width of the shell is formed above the two rows of shells after the soil is backfilled, the first mounting block on one side of the shell is exposed in the backfilling process, the soil is backfilled after the two rows of shells are repeatedly placed, the repairing groove is formed, and the situation that the soil excavated in the large-area repairing process is inconvenient to stack is avoided.
S3: because the partition layer of compriseing the casing has been laid in the inside of soil, and the second of casing bottom leaks and fills in with the first inside hole that leaks that all is equipped with of stopper on the baffle, and at the holding down plate, be equipped with first through-hole on plastic sheet and the top board in proper order, second through-hole and third through-hole, can make and be linked together between the inside of casing and the soil, the rainwater of the casing top of being convenient for gets into inside the casing, the groundwater of the casing below of being convenient for gets into inside the casing, and set up inside soil entering casing at the inside filter screen of first stopper that leaks and second of leaking.
S4: in the process of repairing sandy saline-alkali soil, a partition layer is formed inside soil between tightly arranged shells, so that the capillary action of sandy soil is blocked, the evaporation of underground water on the surface of the soil is reduced, the phenomenon that the residual salt generated by the evaporation of the underground water forms the saline-alkali soil on the surface of the soil is avoided, because the soil above the shells is cleaned in the process of laying the shells, the salt content in the soil is low, and the saline-alkali soil is suitable for the growth of plants, plants which are beneficial to water fixation and soil fixation, such as sabina vulgaris, can be planted on the soil, and in the process of forming the saline-alkali soil, most of the reasons are salt return, namely after the salt in the deep soil is dissolved by water, the salt in the deep soil rises to the surface due to the capillary action to form the saline-alkali soil, and the water absorption property of sponge in the process that the water in the deep soil rises to the inside of the shells, the deep water is absorbed, the humidity sensor monitors the humidity of the water absorption sponge in real time and transmits data to the controller, when the water absorption sponge absorbs a certain amount of water, the monitoring value of the humidity sensor reaches the preset value of the controller, the controller controls the electromagnet to be electrified to generate magnetism opposite to that of the magnet piece, the upper pressure plate is far away from the partition plate and extrudes the water absorption sponge, the third through hole is matched with the second plug column in the process that the upper pressure plate is pressed downwards, the first through hole on the lower pressure plate is driven to be matched with the first plug column in the process that the water absorption sponge is extruded and descended, a closed space is formed inside the shell between the upper pressure plate and the lower pressure plate, the water absorption sponge is continuously extruded by the upper pressure plate, the groundwater absorbed in the water absorption sponge is discharged by the drain pipe, the phenomenon that groundwater with salt content rises to the surface of soil to evaporate is avoided, and the rainwater washes the upper soil of the shell in the process of rainfall, drive remaining salt in the casing upper soil and get into inside the casing and absorb by the sponge that absorbs water, absorb the back and discharge by the drain pipe again, reduce the groundwater degree of depth, reduce the content of salt in the upper soil to utilize the low concentration rainwater to wash the pipeline, avoid salt crystallization influence device life in the pipeline, thereby restore sandy saline and alkaline land.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1): through the bottom at the casing and the top of baffle respectively demountable installation have the second to leak water stopper and first hourglass water stopper to all be equipped with the filter screen in the inside of first hourglass water stopper and second hourglass water stopper, can avoid soil to get into the inside of casing, influence the inside use of casing, be convenient for increase the inside permeability of casing, extension fixture's life.
(2): through being equipped with first installation piece and second installation piece respectively in the corresponding both sides of casing lateral wall, can be convenient for splice two adjacent casings, promote the leakproofness between two adjacent casings after the concatenation, block soil capillary, reduce the evaporation of soil surface moisture, promote the restoration effect to soil.
(3): through being equipped with the stopper on the slide bar between top board and the plastic sheet, and the slide bar outside cover below the stopper is equipped with the movable sleeve, not only can be convenient for utilize the top board to extrude the movable sleeve, utilize the movable sleeve to extrude the plastic sheet, thereby extrude the sponge that absorbs water, be convenient for extrude rainwater or groundwater that the sponge that absorbs water, and be convenient for utilize the stopper to carry on spacingly to the plastic sheet at the in-process that the top board resets, avoid adsorbing in the second cock post at the in-process plastic sheet top that resets and the third through hole on the top board, thereby the influence sponge that absorbs water absorbs the rainwater of upper soil infiltration, the influence is to the treatment effect of soil.
(4): through being equipped with the slide bar in the inside of casing to run through holding down plate, the sponge that absorbs water, plastic sheet and top board in proper order with the slide bar, not only can be convenient for utilize the slide bar to increase casing inner structure's stability, increase the casing bearing capacity, the motion of the sponge that absorbs water of top board, holding down plate and the being convenient for, and avoid absorbing water the sponge at the in-process of long-term work and produce the displacement, influence soil remediation effect.
(5): all be equipped with humidity transducer through the both sides at plastic sheet bottom both ends to be equipped with the magnet piece opposite with electro-magnet magnetism in the inside of top board, not only can be convenient for utilize humidity transducer to monitor the inside humidity of casing in real time, a plurality of humidity transducer monitor simultaneously, promote the accuracy that detects, and be convenient for utilize electro-magnet and magnet piece to cooperate and produce extrusion power, the operation of being convenient for, work efficiency is high.
(6): through being equipped with the check valve on the drain pipe to the one end of keeping away from the casing at the drain pipe is equipped with rotary joint, not only can be convenient for discharge the absorptive moisture of sponge that absorbs water, utilizes the check valve to avoid the liquid reflux, and rotary joint is convenient for connect the drain pipe on two adjacent casings, and easy operation is convenient for with the same emission or the processing of the exhaust moisture of sponge that absorbs water, convenient to use.
(7) By arranging the water absorption sponge in the shell between the upper pressure plate and the lower pressure plate and arranging the water storage sponge in the shell above the partition plate, plants are planted on the soil above the shell, so that the water-absorbing sponge can be conveniently used for absorbing and discharging underground water in the deep layer of the soil, the water with salt dissolved underground is prevented from rising to the surface of the soil to evaporate to form saline-alkali soil through capillary action, the rainwater permeated into the shell can be conveniently collected, the inside of the shell and the drain pipe are cleaned, the service life of the device is prevented from being influenced by salt accumulation, the falling of rainwater is reduced, the salt return probability is reduced, and the water storage sponge placed above the partition board absorbs a part of rainwater, so that the wettability of the upper soil is increased, the growth of plants is facilitated, the soil is treated and repaired by utilizing the growth effect of the plants, and the effect and the efficiency of treating the saline-alkali soil are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the internal structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of two adjacent assembled structures of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of two adjacent top-down structures according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of the plastic sheet of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic side view of the inner structure of the upper platen according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the portion A of the present invention;
fig. 8 is an enlarged structural diagram of the part B of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a plastic sheet; 2. a second return spring; 3. an electromagnet; 4. a second plug; 5. water storage sponge; 6. a partition plate; 7. a first water leakage plug; 8. a first mounting block; 9. a limiting block; 10. a movable sleeve; 11. a first movable hole; 12. a rotary joint; 13. a drain pipe; 14. a slide bar; 15. a second water leakage plug; 16. a first return spring; 17. a lower pressing plate; 18. a first plug; 19. mounting holes; 20. a first through hole; 21. a water-absorbing sponge; 22. a housing; 23. a second safety rotating block; 24. a second through hole; 25. a controller; 26. an upper pressure plate; 27. a humidity sensor; 28. a one-way valve; 29. a filter screen; 30. an internal thread; 31. a second movable hole; 32. a third through hole; 33. a magnet piece; 34. a water leakage hole; 35. and (4) external threads.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-8, an embodiment of the present invention: a sandy saline-alkali soil restoration device comprises water storage sponge 5, a lower pressing plate 17, water absorption sponge 21, a shell 22 and an upper pressing plate 26, wherein a partition plate 6 is arranged at the top end inside the shell 22, a plurality of mounting holes 19 are uniformly arranged at the bottoms of the partition plate 6 and the shell 22 at equal intervals, a first water leakage plug 7 is arranged at the top of the partition plate 6 at the position of the mounting hole 19, a second water leakage plug 15 is arranged at the bottom of the shell 22 at the position of the mounting hole 19, water leakage holes 34 are formed inside the second water leakage plug 15 and the first water leakage plug 7, filter screens 29 are arranged inside the first water leakage plug 7 and the second water leakage plug 15 at the position of the water leakage holes 34, external threads 35 are arranged on the outer side walls of the first water leakage plug 7 and the second water leakage plug 15, internal threads 30 matched with the external threads 35 are arranged inside the mounting hole 19, a first plug column 18 is arranged between two adjacent mounting holes 19 at the bottom end inside the shell 22, a lower pressing plate 17 is arranged at the bottom end inside a shell 22 above a first plug 18, a first reset spring 16 is arranged between the lower pressing plate 17 and the bottom end inside the shell 22, first through holes 20 matched with the first plug 18 are uniformly arranged on the lower pressing plate 17, a water absorbing sponge 21 is arranged inside the shell 22 above the lower pressing plate 17, a plastic sheet 1 is arranged at the top of the water absorbing sponge 21, a plurality of second through holes 24 are uniformly arranged on the plastic sheet 1 at equal intervals, second plugs 4 are uniformly arranged at the top of the plastic sheet 1 between every two adjacent second through holes 24, humidity sensors 27 are arranged on two sides of two ends of the bottom of the plastic sheet 1, the type of the humidity sensors 27 can be HM1500/1520, an upper pressing plate 26 is arranged at the bottom of a partition plate 6 above the plastic sheet 1, third through holes 32 matched with the second plugs 4 are uniformly arranged on the upper pressing plate 26, and a second reset spring 2 is arranged between the upper pressing plate 26 and the partition plate 6, the shell 22, the lower pressing plate 17, the upper pressing plate 26 and the partition plate 6 are all made of plastic materials, the filter screen 29 in the first water leakage plug 7 and the second water leakage plug 15 can be made of non-woven filter cloth, the magnet sheet 33 is arranged in the middle position in the upper pressing plate 26, the electromagnet 3 is arranged in the partition plate 6 right above the magnet sheet 33, the water storage sponge 5 is arranged in the shell 22 above the partition plate 6, the slide bars 14 are arranged at four corners of the bottom end in the shell 22, one end of each slide bar 14 far away from the shell 22 sequentially penetrates through the lower pressing plate 17, the water absorption sponge 21, the plastic thin plate 1 and the upper pressing plate 26 and is fixed with the partition plate 6, the first movable holes 11 matched with the slide bars 14 are arranged at the same positions on the lower pressing plate 17, the water absorption sponge 21 and the plastic thin plate 1, the limiting block 9 is fixed on the outer side wall of the slide bar 14 between the plastic thin plate 1 and the upper pressing plate 26, the movable sleeve 10 is sleeved outside the slide bar 14 below the limiting block 19, and the upper pressure plate 26 is provided with a second movable hole 31 with the aperture larger than that of the limiting block 19 and smaller than that of the movable sleeve 10, one side of the bottom end of the outer side wall of the shell 22 is connected with a drain pipe 13, the drain pipe 13 is provided with a one-way valve 28, and one end of the drain pipe 13 far away from the shell 22 is provided with a rotary joint 12, the outer side wall of the shell 22 above the drain pipe 13 is uniformly provided with first mounting blocks 8 at equal intervals, one side of the outer side wall of the shell 22 far away from the first mounting blocks 8 is uniformly provided with second mounting blocks 23 matched with the first mounting blocks 8 at equal intervals, a controller 25 is arranged in one second mounting block 23, the controller 25 can be FHR-211, the electromagnet 3 is electrically connected with the controller 25 through a lead, and the output end of the humidity sensor 27 is electrically connected with the input end of the controller 25 through a lead, and the widths of the first mounting block 8 and the second mounting block 23 are greater than or equal to the extended width of the drain pipe 13.
The method for repairing sandy saline-alkali soil repairing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
s1: the method comprises the steps of arranging a repairing groove at the position of sandy saline-alkali soil to be repaired, cleaning soil dug out in the process of arranging the repairing groove by using clear water, selecting and arranging a complete repairing groove or a row of repairing grooves with the width being 3 times of the width of a shell 22 according to the size of the actual saline-alkali soil environment, wherein the depth of the repairing groove is not less than 70 cm, and leveling the bottom of the repairing groove.
S2; when the repair groove is formed into a complete piece, the shell 22 is placed in the repair groove, the first mounting block 8 and the second mounting block 23 on the outer side wall of the shell 22 are combined with the second mounting block 23 and the first mounting block 8 on the outer side wall of the left and right adjacent shells 22, and the front and rear shells 22 are sequentially connected end to end, forming a partition layer in the soil, backfilling the soil, placing two rows of shells 22 to be built when the width of the repair groove is 3 times of that of the shell 22, the same row of drain pipes 13 are communicated by using the rotary joint 12, soil is backfilled above the two rows of placed shells 22, a repairing groove with the width 2 times that of the shell 22 is formed, in the backfilling process, the first mounting block 8 on one side of the shell 22 is exposed, and soil is backfilled and a repairing groove is formed after the two rows of shells 22 are repeatedly placed, so that the problem that the soil dug in the large-area repairing process is inconvenient to stack is avoided.
S3: because the partition layer of compriseing casing 22 has been laid to the inside at soil, and the second of casing 22 bottom leaks and fills up 15 and the inside hole 34 that leaks that all is equipped with of first hourglass water stopper 7 on the baffle 6, and at holding down plate 17, be equipped with first through-hole 20 on plastic sheet 1 and the top board 26 in proper order, second through-hole 24 and third through-hole 32, can be linked together between the inside of casing 22 and the soil, be convenient for the rainwater of casing 22 top gets into inside the casing 22, the groundwater of casing 22 below gets into inside the casing 22 of being convenient for, and set up and avoided inside soil entering casing 22 at first hourglass water stopper 7 and the inside filter screen 29 of second hourglass water stopper 15.
S4: in the process of repairing sandy saline-alkali soil, a partition layer is formed inside the soil between the shells 22 which are tightly arranged, so that the capillary action of sandy soil is blocked, the evaporation of underground water on the surface of the soil is reduced, the saline-alkali soil is prevented from being formed on the surface of the soil by evaporating residual salt from the underground water, because the soil above the shells 22 is cleaned in the process of laying the shells 22, the salt content in the soil is low, the saline-alkali soil is suitable for the growth of plants, the plants which are beneficial to water fixation and soil fixation, such as sabina vulgaris, can be planted on the soil, and in the process of forming the saline-alkali soil, most of the reasons are salt return, namely, after the salt in the deep soil layer is dissolved by water, the salt in the deep soil layer rises to the surface of the soil due to the capillary action to form the saline-alkali soil, and the water-absorbing sponge 21 in the shells 22 rises to the inside the shells 22 in the process of the deep soil layer water in the shells 22, the deep water is absorbed by utilizing the water absorption of the sponge, the humidity sensor 27 monitors the humidity of the water absorption sponge 21 in real time at the moment, data is transmitted to the controller 25, when the water absorption sponge 21 absorbs a certain amount of water, the monitoring value of the humidity sensor 27 reaches the preset value of the controller 25, the controller 25 controls the electromagnet 3 to be electrified to generate magnetism opposite to that of the magnet piece 33, the upper pressing plate 26 is far away from the partition plate 6 and extrudes the water absorption sponge 21, the third through hole 32 is matched with the second plunger 4 in the process that the upper pressing plate 26 is pressed downwards, the first through hole 20 on the lower pressing plate 17 is driven to be matched with the first plunger 18 in the process that the water absorption sponge 21 is extruded and descended, a closed space is formed inside the shell 22 between the upper pressing plate 26 and the lower pressing plate 17, the water absorption sponge 21 is continuously extruded by the upper pressing plate 26, and the underground water absorbed in the water absorption sponge 21 is discharged from the water discharge pipe 13, avoid having the groundwater of salt to rise to soil surface evaporation, at the in-process of rainfall, the rainwater washes casing 22 upper soil, it gets into inside casing 22 and absorbs by sponge 21 that absorbs water to drive remaining salt in casing 22 upper soil, discharge by drain pipe 13 after absorbing again, reduce the groundwater depth, reduce the content of salt in the upper soil, and utilize the low concentration rainwater to wash the pipeline, avoid salt crystallization influence device life in the pipeline, thereby restore sandy saline and alkaline land
The working principle is as follows: in the process of repairing sandy saline-alkali soil, an external power supply is connected, when the upper layer soil is penetrated by rainwater and sequentially passes through the water leakage hole 34, the third through hole 32 and the second through hole 24 on the first water leakage plug 7 and then is absorbed by the water-absorbing sponge 21, the water-absorbing humidity of the water-absorbing sponge 21 is increased, the humidity data detected by the humidity sensor 27 uniformly arranged between the plastic thin plate 1 and the water-absorbing sponge 21 is transmitted to the controller 25, when the humidity exceeds a preset humidity value, the controller 25 controls the electromagnet 3 to be electrified to generate a magnetic force opposite to the magnetism of the magnet piece 33, so that the upper pressing plate 26 is lowered, the plastic thin plate 1 is extruded by the upper pressing plate 26, in the process that the upper pressing plate 26 is contacted with the plastic thin plate 1, the second plug 4 is matched with the third through hole 32, the sealing performance between the upper pressing plate 26 and the plastic thin plate 1 is increased, and the stress of the plastic thin plate 1 is lowered, the lower pressing plate 17 is pressed, the lower pressing plate 17 is stressed to descend, so that a first through hole 20 in the lower pressing plate 17 is matched with a first plug 18, the sealing performance of the lower pressing plate 17 and the bottom of a shell 22 is improved, in the process that the upper pressing plate 26 is pressed down rapidly, a large amount of moisture absorbed in the water absorption sponge 21 is discharged from a drain pipe 13, the electromagnet 3 is powered off, the upper pressing plate 26 is reset by a second reset spring 2, the water absorption sponge 21 is reset by self elasticity, in the reset process, the water absorption sponge 21 stops rising after being reset by a limiting block 9 arranged on a sliding rod 14 between the upper pressing plate 26 and a plastic thin plate 1, the second plug 4 is prevented from being continuously matched with a third through hole 32 to block the permeation of upper layer rainwater, in addition, the lower pressing plate 17 is reset under the action of a first reset spring 16, the permeability in the shell 22 is recovered, the moisture in the lower layer soil rises, groundwater is absorbed by sponge 21 that absorbs water after passing the hole 34 that leaks on the second hourglass water stopper 15, first through-hole 20 in proper order, and 3 circular telegrams of electro-magnet extrude this moment repeatedly, discharge the higher groundwater of salt content by drain pipe 13, avoid groundwater to rise to the soil surface evaporation and remain the salt and form the saline and alkaline land.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a sandy saline and alkaline land soil prosthetic devices, includes retaining sponge (5), holding down plate (17), sponge (21) that absorb water, casing (22) and top board (26), its characterized in that: the water leakage device is characterized in that a partition plate (6) is arranged in the upper space of the inner cavity of the shell (22), a plurality of mounting holes (19) are uniformly arranged at equal intervals at the bottoms of the partition plate (6) and the shell (22), first water leakage plugs (7) are all installed at the tops of the partition plate (6) at the positions of the mounting holes (19), second water leakage plugs (15) are all installed at the bottoms of the shell (22) at the positions of the mounting holes (19), water leakage holes (34) are all formed in the second water leakage plugs (15) and the first water leakage plugs (7), filter screens (29) are all arranged in the first water leakage plugs (7) and the second water leakage plugs (15) at the positions of the water leakage holes (34), external threads (35) are arranged on the outer side walls of the first water leakage plugs (7) and the second water leakage plugs (15), internal threads (30) matched with the external threads (35) are arranged in the mounting holes (19), the bottom-mounted humidity sensor is characterized in that a first plug (18) is arranged between two adjacent mounting holes (19) in the bottom end of the interior of the shell (22), a lower pressing plate (17) is arranged at the bottom end of the interior of the shell (22) above the first plug (18), a first reset spring (16) is arranged between the lower pressing plate (17) and the bottom end of the interior of the shell (22), first through holes (20) matched with the first plugs (18) are uniformly arranged on the lower pressing plate (17), a water-absorbing sponge (21) is arranged inside the shell (22) above the lower pressing plate (17), a plastic thin plate (1) is arranged at the top of the water-absorbing sponge (21), a plurality of second through holes (24) are uniformly arranged on the plastic thin plate (1) at equal intervals, second plugs (4) are uniformly arranged at the top of the plastic thin plate (1) between two adjacent second through holes (24), and humidity sensors (27) are arranged on two sides of two ends of the bottom of the plastic thin plate (1), the plastic sheet is characterized in that an upper pressing plate (26) is arranged at the bottom of a partition plate (6) above the plastic sheet (1), third through holes (32) matched with second plugs (4) are uniformly arranged on the upper pressing plate (26), a second reset spring (2) is arranged between the upper pressing plate (26) and the partition plate (6), a magnet piece (33) is arranged at the middle position inside the upper pressing plate (26), an electromagnet (3) is arranged inside the partition plate (6) right above the magnet piece (33), water storage sponge (5) is arranged inside a shell (22) at the top end of the partition plate (6), sliding rods (14) are arranged at four corner positions at the bottom inside the shell (22), one end, far away from the shell (22), of each sliding rod (14) sequentially penetrates through a lower pressing plate (17), the water absorption sponge (21), the plastic sheet (1) and the upper pressing plate (26) and is fixed with the partition plate (6), and the same position on the lower pressure plate (17), the water-absorbing sponge (21) and the plastic thin plate (1) is provided with a first movable hole (11) matched with the sliding rod (14), the outer side wall of the sliding rod (14) between the plastic thin plate (1) and the upper pressure plate (26) is fixed with a limiting block (9), the outer side of the sliding rod (14) below the limiting block (9) is sleeved with a movable sleeve (10), the upper pressure plate (26) is provided with a second movable hole (31) with the aperture larger than that of the limiting block (9) and smaller than that of the movable sleeve (10), one side of the bottom end of the outer side wall of the shell (22) is connected with a drain pipe (13), the outer side wall of the shell (22) above the drain pipe (13) is uniformly provided with first mounting blocks (8) at equal intervals, one side of the outer side wall of the shell (22) far away from the first mounting blocks (8) is uniformly provided with second mounting blocks (23) matched with the first mounting blocks (8) at equal intervals, and a controller (25) is arranged in one of the second mounting blocks (23), the electromagnet (3) is electrically connected with the controller (25) through a lead, and the output end of the humidity sensor (27) is electrically connected with the input end of the controller (25) through a lead.
2. The sandy saline-alkali soil remediation device of claim 1, wherein: the shell (22), the lower pressing plate (17), the upper pressing plate (26) and the partition plate (6) are all made of plastic materials, and filter screens (29) inside the first water leakage plug (7) and the second water leakage plug (15) are all made of non-woven filter cloth.
3. The sandy saline-alkali soil remediation device of claim 1, wherein: be equipped with check valve (28) on drain pipe (13), and the one end that drain pipe (13) kept away from casing (22) is equipped with rotary joint (12).
4. The sandy saline-alkali soil remediation device of claim 1, wherein: the width of the first mounting block (8) and the second mounting block (23) is larger than or equal to the extending width of the drain pipe (13).
5. The method for repairing a sandy saline-alkali soil repairing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
s1: arranging a repairing groove at the position of the sandy saline-alkali soil to be repaired, cleaning the soil dug out in the process of arranging the repairing groove by using clear water, selecting to arrange a complete repairing groove or arrange a row of repairing grooves with the width being 3 times of that of the shell (22) according to the size of the actual saline-alkali soil environment, wherein the depth of the repairing groove is not less than 70 cm, and flattening the bottom of the repairing groove;
s2; when the repairing groove is formed into a complete piece, a shell (22) is placed in the repairing groove, a first mounting block (8) and a second mounting block (23) on the outer side wall of the shell (22) are bonded with a second mounting block (23) and a first mounting block (8) on the outer side wall of a left shell (22) and a right shell (22) which are adjacent, the front shell (22) and the rear shell (23) are sequentially connected end to end, a partition layer is formed in the soil, the soil is backfilled, when the repairing groove is formed and has the width 3 times of the width of the shell (22), two rows of shells (22) are placed in a combined manner, the same row of drain pipes (13) are communicated through rotary joints (12), the soil is backfilled above the two rows of placed shells (22), then the repairing groove with the width 2 times of the width of the shell (22) is formed, and the first mounting block (8) on one side of the shell (22) is exposed in the backfilling process, the soil is backfilled after the two rows of shells (22) are repeatedly placed, and a repairing groove is formed, so that the problem that the soil dug in the large-area repairing process is inconvenient to stack is avoided;
s3: because the partition layer composed of the shell (22) is laid in the soil, the second water leakage plug (15) at the bottom of the shell (22) and the first water leakage plug (7) on the partition plate (6) are internally provided with water leakage holes (34), the lower pressing plate (17), the plastic thin plate (1) and the upper pressing plate (26) are sequentially provided with the first through hole (20), the second through hole (24) and the third through hole (32), the interior of the shell (22) can be communicated with the soil, rainwater above the shell (22) can conveniently enter the shell (22), underground water below the shell (22) can conveniently enter the shell (22), and the filter screen (29) arranged in the first water leakage plug (7) and the second water leakage plug (15) prevents the soil from entering the shell (22);
s4: in the process of repairing sandy saline-alkali soil, a partition layer is formed inside the soil between the shells (22) which are tightly arranged, so that the capillary action of sandy soil is blocked, the evaporation of underground water on the surface of the soil is reduced, the saline-alkali soil is prevented from being formed on the surface of the soil by the residual salt of the evaporation of the underground water, because the soil above the shells (22) is cleaned in the process of laying the shells (22), the salt content in the soil is low, the saline-alkali soil is suitable for the growth of plants, the plants which are beneficial to water fixation and soil fixation can be planted on the soil, the water absorption sponge (21) inside the shells (22) absorbs deep water by utilizing the water absorption of the sponge in the process that the deep water in the soil rises to the interiors of the shells (22), and at the moment, the humidity sensor (27) monitors the humidity of the water absorption sponge (21) in real time and transmits data to the controller (25), when the water absorption sponge (21) absorbs a certain amount of water, the monitoring value of the humidity sensor (27) reaches the preset value of the controller (25), the controller (25) controls the electromagnet (3) to be electrified to generate magnetism opposite to that of the magnet piece (33), so that the upper pressure plate (26) is far away from the partition plate (6) and extrudes the water absorption sponge (21), the third through hole (32) is matched with the second plug column (4) in the process that the upper pressure plate (26) is pressed downwards, and the first through hole (20) on the lower pressure plate (17) is driven to be matched with the first plug column (18) in the process that the water absorption sponge (21) is extruded and descended, so that a closed space is formed inside the shell (22) between the upper pressure plate (26) and the lower pressure plate (17), the upper pressure plate (26) continuously extrudes the water absorption sponge (21), the groundwater absorbed in the water absorption sponge (21) is discharged from the drain pipe (13), and the groundwater with salt is prevented from rising to the surface of the soil from evaporating, at the in-process of rainfall, the rainwater washes casing (22) upper soil, drive remaining salt in casing (22) upper soil and get into inside casing (22) and absorb by sponge (21) absorb, discharge by drain pipe (13) after absorbing again, reduce the groundwater degree of depth, reduce the content of salt in the upper soil, and utilize the low concentration rainwater to wash the pipeline, avoid salt crystallization influence device life in the pipeline, thereby restore sandy saline and alkaline land.
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| CN112496027B (en) * | 2020-04-12 | 2022-04-29 | 西安秦衡生态农业科技有限公司 | Ecological environment-friendly soil remediation method |
| CN112154897B (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2022-01-18 | 合肥润田规划设计有限公司 | Balanced soil moisture-keeping control method and soil remediation system |
| CN112360072B (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2022-04-12 | 中国市政工程华北设计研究总院有限公司 | Sponge city green infrastructure soil and water salinity regulation and control system and regulation and control method |
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