CN109551096A - A kind of double static shaft shoulders silk filling friction stir welding methods of complete penetraction and fusion in welding - Google Patents
A kind of double static shaft shoulders silk filling friction stir welding methods of complete penetraction and fusion in welding Download PDFInfo
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- CN109551096A CN109551096A CN201811506207.0A CN201811506207A CN109551096A CN 109551096 A CN109551096 A CN 109551096A CN 201811506207 A CN201811506207 A CN 201811506207A CN 109551096 A CN109551096 A CN 109551096A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of double static shaft shoulders silk filling friction stir welding methods of complete penetraction and fusion in welding, specifically include that double static shaft shoulder stirring tools, mixing needle clamping end, main shaft matrix, fixing bolt, frock clamp and base material to be welded.Its double static shaft shoulder stirring tool includes at least mixing needle, the static upper shaft shoulder, the static lower shaft shoulder, and design has packing material entrance at static upper shaft shoulder forward position therein, and rear edge design, which has, forces molding fillet surface.Solve the problems, such as agitating friction mounted welder complexity, two-sided welding inefficiency, docking and corner connection lack of penetration and Weak link, while adding weld metal and can be enhanced joint integrity energy, reduce corner joint stress and concentrate.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to welding fields, and in particular to a kind of double static shaft shoulders silk filling friction stir welding methods of complete penetraction and fusion in welding.
Background technique
Agitating friction welding technology has embodied huge technical advantage in low-melting alloy manufacturing field.This method is exclusive to be consolidated
Be connected feature, so that it is in the various aspects such as bonding strength, deformation and residual stress level, corrosion resistance with huge excellent
Gesture.It has been widely used in the fields such as aerospace, rail traffic, automobile, ship, weapons at present.Its use scope is extensive, packet
The nonferrous materials that aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy, copper alloy, aluminum matrix composite and conventional fused weldering are difficult to solder to is included, even
It is applicable to the welding of dissimilar metal.Traditional agitating friction weldering shaft shoulder and mixing needle are integrated design, and when welding rotates simultaneously,
The stirring tool shaft shoulder is plane, and in order to guarantee fitting closely for the shaft shoulder and workpiece, connector Basic Design is that plate is docked or overlapped,
Workpiece welding either under smaller radius of curvature.In this way, traditional friction stir welding method can not be applied to it is non-planar or big
Curvature surface.And in actual structure, largely there is that corner connection, T connector be this kind of non-planar or the connector shape of non-approximated plane
Formula.Static shaft shoulder friction stir welding method is corner connection, T connector provides a kind of feasible technical solution.
Traditional single shaft shoulder friction stir welding method is sufficiently padded in back of weld from unilateral welding, complexity is tied
Component Fixture Design difficulty is big, need to strictly be loaded to welding structure；Traditional single shaft shoulder agitating friction is welded in plate thickness direction welding temperature
Degree gradient disparities are big, and the seam organization form and performance in different-thickness region are variant；Meanwhile the root of weld is easy to exist and not weld
Thoroughly, the defects of Weak link, such as using uniaxial shoulder agitating friction weldering is carried out from tow sides respectively, lack of penetration, weak company can be eliminated
Defect is connect, but welding sequence certainly will be increased, is extended manufacture cycle.Double-shaft shoulder agitating friction welding technology is a kind of complete penetraction and fusion in welding technology,
Production efficiency is greatly improved, provides feasible solution for the solution of the above problem.
The present invention combines static shaft shoulder friction stir welding method with the technical advantage of double-shaft shoulder friction stir welding method,
The double static shaft shoulders silk filling friction stir welding methods of complete penetraction and fusion in welding are formed, can solve agitating friction mounted welder complexity, two-sided welding effect
Rate is low, docking and corner connection lack of penetration and Weak link problem, while adding weld metal and joint integrity energy can be enhanced, and drops
Low corner joint stress is concentrated, and is applicable to not uniform thickness docking, the anisotropic connector of fill silk corner connection, T connector etc., is high quality, height
The agitating friction weldering process of adaptability provides a kind of effective technological means.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: a kind of double static shaft shoulders of the complete penetraction and fusion in welding agitating frictions that fill silk are welded
It sets, which is characterized in that including double static shaft shoulder stirring tools, mixing needle clamping end (2), main shaft matrix (3) and frock clamp
(8), wherein double static shaft shoulder stirring tools are containing mixing needle (1), the static upper shaft shoulder (5) and the static lower shaft shoulder (7)；It is described to stir
It mixes needle clamping end (2) and clamps the mixing needle (1), and the mixing needle (1) Stirring is driven to act；The mixing needle folder
Hold that end (2) is static to be fixed on the main shaft matrix (3)；The static upper shaft shoulder (5) is fixed on the main shaft matrix (3),
The static lower shaft shoulder (7) is fixed on the frock clamp (8), wherein edge is provided with pressure to the static upper shaft shoulder (5) afterwards
It forms upper plate knuckle (9), the static lower shaft shoulder (7) forward position is arranged by base material to be welded (6) lower plate profile；The mother to be welded
Material (6) is moved along bead direction relative to double static mixer tools with certain speed of welding, and in the static upper shaft shoulder (5)
By upset under constraint with the static lower shaft shoulder (7), the stir friction welding seam with knuckle is formed.The static lower shaft shoulder
(7) guaranteeing that base material (6) to be welded can smoothly enter into, the static lower shaft shoulder (7) along guaranteeing that appearance of weld is smooth, forces molding afterwards, with
The stress for weakening weld seam is concentrated.
Preferably, between the base material upper plate outline position (10) before the weld seam in the static upper shaft shoulder (5) forward position is unwelded
It is provided with packing material entrance, packing material enters base material (6) weld seam to be welded by the material inlet of the static upper shaft shoulder (5).
Preferably, packing material is previously positioned at base material to be welded (6) commissure.
Preferably, the static lower shaft shoulder (7) forms lower plate along pressure along after commissure is provided with the static lower shaft shoulder afterwards
Knuckle (11).
Preferably, the base material to be welded (6) can use aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy, copper alloy and aluminum matrix composite.
Preferably, the stirring tool can be cooled down in the external method for applying compressed air or water mist cooling, or
Person is cooled down by the way that water-cooling system is arranged inside the stirring tool.
Preferably, the stirring tool is made of materials with high melting point, including tungsten, molybdenum and its alloy, hot die steel.
Preferably, base material to be welded (6) joint form is the docking kept constant along bead direction curvature, overlap joint, no
Uniform thickness docking, corner connection, T connector.
Preferably, the applicable angular range of fillet weld is 60 ° -300 °.
A kind of double static shaft shoulders silk filling friction stir welding methods of complete penetraction and fusion in welding, which is characterized in that using the double stationary shafts of complete penetraction and fusion in welding
Shoulder silk filling friction stir weld device completes welding,
Step 1, the mixing needle clamping end (2) drive the mixing needle (1) to carry out high speed rotation；
Step 2, the base material (6) to be welded are moved along bead direction relative to the stirring tool with certain speed of welding
It is dynamic；
Step 3, the base material (6) to be welded make gold under the mechanical stirring and frictional heat comprehensive function of the mixing needle (1)
Category reaches mecystasis；Simultaneously by upset under the constraint of the static upper shaft shoulder (5) and the static lower shaft shoulder (7), being formed has transition
The stir friction welding seam of fillet.
The purpose of the present invention is the technology of static shaft shoulder friction stir welding method and double-shaft shoulder friction stir welding method is excellent
Gesture combines, and forms the double static shaft shoulders silk filling friction stir welding methods of complete penetraction and fusion in welding, solves agitating friction mounted welder complexity, welding by both sides
The lack of penetration and Weak link problem of inefficiency, docking and corner connection is connect, while adding weld metal and joint integrity can be enhanced
Can, it reduces connector stress and concentrates, be applicable to not uniform thickness docking, the anisotropic connector of fill silk corner connection, T connector etc..Meanwhile using double
Static shaft shoulder friction stir welding method implements welding, and the shaft shoulder is stationary, and only mixing needle rotates, it is ensured that face of weld and
Internal similar heat input guarantees that welding quality is the agitating friction of high quality, high-adaptability in the uniformity of thickness direction
Weldering process provides a kind of effective technological means.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 show a kind of double static shaft shoulders silk filling friction stir welding method welding butter joint diagrammatic cross-sections of complete penetraction and fusion in welding
Fig. 2 show a kind of double static shaft shoulders of the complete penetraction and fusion in welding friction stir welding method welding butter joints details that fill silk that fill silk and shows
It is intended to
Fig. 3 show a kind of double static shaft shoulders silk filling friction stir welding method welding corner joint diagrammatic cross-sections of complete penetraction and fusion in welding
Fig. 4 show a kind of double static shaft shoulders silk filling friction stir welding method welding butter joint diagrammatic cross-sections of complete penetraction and fusion in welding
Wherein, 1 is mixing needle, and 2 be main shaft mixing needle clamping end, and 3 be main shaft matrix, and 4 be fixing bolt, and 5 be on static
The shaft shoulder, 6 be base material to be welded, and 7 be the static lower shaft shoulder, and 8 be frock clamp, and 9 form upper plate mistake for the pressure on edge after the static upper shaft shoulder
Fillet is crossed, 10 be the unwelded preceding base material upper plate outline position of weld seam in static upper shaft shoulder forward position, and 11 be edge after the static lower shaft shoulder
Pressure form lower plate knuckle, 12 for static lower shaft shoulder forward position weld seam it is unwelded before base material lower plate outline position, ω
For main shaft and mixing needle rotation speed, v is the mobile speed of welding of base material, and θ is corner joint angle.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment
By the technology contents that the present invention will be described in detail, construction feature and reached purpose and effect, below in conjunction with implementation
Example simultaneously cooperates attached drawing to be described in detail.
Embodiment one: such as Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, welding is completed using double static shaft shoulder stirring tools and device, is specifically included that
Double static shaft shoulder stirring tools, mixing needle clamping end 2, main shaft matrix 3, fixing bolt 4, frock clamp 8 and base material to be welded 6.Its
Double static shaft shoulder stirring tools include at least mixing needle 1, the static upper shaft shoulder 5, the static lower shaft shoulder 7.Before the static upper shaft shoulder 5 therein
Along place design have packing material entrance (static upper shaft shoulder leading edge and the unwelded preceding base material upper plate outline position 10 of weld seam it
Between pre- interspace), it is rear to have a pressure molding upper plate knuckle 9 along design, according to the non-welding of weld seam at static lower shaft shoulder forward position
Front profile design, guarantees that base material to be welded can smoothly enter into, rear along should ensure that appearance of weld is smooth, molding is forced, to weaken weld seam
Stress is concentrated.When welding, only 1 high speed rotation of mixing needle, and the static upper and lower shaft shoulder 5,7 is all static, the rotating part inside main shaft
Point clamping end 2 holds mixing needle 1 with rotation speed ω rotation, and the static upper shaft shoulder 5 is fixed bolt 4 and is fixed on static main shaft
Do not rotated on matrix 3, the static lower shaft shoulder 7 be fixed on frock clamp 8 above remain stationary, the static upper and lower shaft shoulder 5,7 to
The sliding of base material surface is welded, packing material enters weld seam by the material inlet of the upper static shaft shoulder 5, and has and 6 edge of base material only to be welded
Bead direction is relative to stirring tool with certain speed of welding v movement, the machine of base material 6 and packing material to be welded in mixing needle 1
So that metal is reached mecystasis under tool stirring and frictional heat comprehensive function, while being pushed up under the constraint of the static upper and lower shaft shoulder 5,7
Forging forms the stir friction welding seam with knuckle.
Such as Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, welding is completed using double static shaft shoulder stirring tools and device, specifically includes that double static shaft shoulders stir
Mix tool, mixing needle clamping end 2, main shaft matrix 3, fixing bolt 4, frock clamp 8 and base material to be welded 6.Its double static shaft shoulder stirs
Tool is mixed including at least mixing needle 1, the static upper shaft shoulder 5, the static lower shaft shoulder 7.It designs and fills out at static upper 5 forward position of the shaft shoulder therein
Fill material inlet (static upper shaft shoulder leading edge and weld seam it is unwelded before base material upper plate outline position 10 between pre- leave a blank
Gap), it is rear to have pressure molding upper plate knuckle 9, base material lower plate of the static lower shaft shoulder forward position according to weld seam before unwelded along design
Outline position 12 designs, and guarantees that base material to be welded can smoothly enter into, rear to form lower plate transition along according to the pressure on edge after the static lower shaft shoulder
Molding round-corner transition weld seam is forced in the design of 11 profile of fillet, is concentrated with weakening the stress of fillet weld.When welding, only mixing needle 1
High speed rotation, and the static upper and lower shaft shoulder 5,7 is all static, the rotating part clamping end 2 inside main shaft holds mixing needle 1 to revolve
Rotary speed ω rotation, the static upper shaft shoulder 5, which is fixed bolt 4 and is fixed on static main shaft matrix 3, not to be rotated, static lower axle
Shoulder 7 is fixed on frock clamp 8 and remain stationary above, and the static shaft shoulder 5,7 slides on base material surface to be welded, and packing material is by upper static
The material inlet of the shaft shoulder 5 enters weld seam, and have and base material 6 only to be welded along bead direction relative to stirring tool with certain weldering
It is mobile to meet speed v, base material 6 and packing material to be welded reach metal under the mechanical stirring and frictional heat comprehensive function of mixing needle 1
To mecystasis, while by upset under the constraint of the static upper and lower shaft shoulder 5,7, being formed, there is the agitating friction of knuckle to weld
Weld seam.
Embodiment two: further, base material to be welded can use aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy, copper alloy in present embodiment
Equal non-ferrous metals and aluminum matrix composite can also be implemented to weld to dissimilar material.
Embodiment three: further, stirring tool shaft shoulder shape can be by designing different shapes in present embodiment
Profile, and external application compressed air and the method for water mist cooling are cooled down.Or pass through design internal water cooling Beater operator
Tool is cooled down.
Embodiment four: further, the shaft shoulder and mixing needle are manufactured using materials with high melting point in present embodiment, the height
Melting material is one such including at least tungsten, molybdenum and its alloy, hot die steel.
Embodiment five: further, welding method can be adapted for keeping along bead direction curvature in present embodiment
Constant docking, overlap joint, the different joint forms such as uniform thickness docking, corner connection, T connector are not welded.
Embodiment six: further, welding process cooperates the static shaft shoulder of different shapes in present embodiment, can be with
Packing material can be added by interspacing in advance in static shaft shoulder forward position, can also not interspaced, not applied in advance in static shaft shoulder forward position
Packing material completes welding.
Embodiment seven: further, packing material can be by being previously positioned at commissure in present embodiment, can also be with
By way of being sent into real time, stirring tool is sent by static upper shaft shoulder material inlet and base material is formed together weld seam.
Embodiment eight: further, friction stir welding method is not only suitable for from the front of fillet weld in present embodiment
Implement welding, be also used in from the back side of fillet weld and implement to weld, the applicable angular range of the fillet weld is 60 ° -300 °.
Although the present invention is illustrated as above with preferred embodiment, the present invention includes but is not limited to above embodiments.Ability
Field technique personnel can also do other variations in spirit of that invention, and be applied in the unmentioned field of the present invention.Certainly,
These variations that spirit is done according to the present invention should be all included in scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
- The friction stir weld device 1. a kind of double static shaft shoulders of complete penetraction and fusion in welding fill silk, which is characterized in that including double static shaft shoulder Beater operators Tool, mixing needle clamping end (2), main shaft matrix (3) and frock clamp (8), wherein double static shaft shoulder stirring tools are containing stirring Needle (1), the static upper shaft shoulder (5) and the static lower shaft shoulder (7)；The mixing needle clamping end (2) clamps the mixing needle (1), and band Move the movement of the mixing needle (1) Stirring；The mixing needle clamping end (2) is static to be fixed on the main shaft matrix (3)； The static upper shaft shoulder (5) is fixed on the main shaft matrix (3), and the static lower shaft shoulder (7) is fixed on the frock clamp (8) on, wherein edge is provided with pressure molding upper plate knuckle (9), the static lower shaft shoulder to the static upper shaft shoulder (5) afterwards (7) forward position is arranged by base material to be welded (6) lower plate profile；The base material to be welded (6) double static is stirred along bead direction relative to described It is mobile with certain speed of welding to mix tool, and by upset, shape under the constraint of the static upper shaft shoulder (5) and the static lower shaft shoulder (7) At the stir friction welding seam with knuckle.
- The friction stir weld device 2. the double static shaft shoulders of complete penetraction and fusion in welding according to claim 1 fill silk, which is characterized in that described quiet Filling is provided between base material upper plate outline position (10) before only the weld seam the in upper shaft shoulder (5) and static upper shaft shoulder forward position is unwelded Material inlet, packing material enter base material (6) weld seam to be welded by the material inlet of the static upper shaft shoulder (5).
- The friction stir weld device 3. the double static shaft shoulders of complete penetraction and fusion in welding as claimed in claim fill silk, which is characterized in that described to be welded Base material (6) commissure is pre-placed packing material.
- The friction stir weld device 4. the double static shaft shoulders of complete penetraction and fusion in welding according to claim 1 fill silk, which is characterized in that described quiet The shaft shoulder (7) is only descended to form lower plate knuckle (11) along pressure along after commissure is provided with the static lower shaft shoulder afterwards.
- The friction stir weld devices 5. the double static shaft shoulders of complete penetraction and fusion in welding according to claim 1 fill silk, which is characterized in that it is described to Weldering base material (6) can use aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy, copper alloy and aluminum matrix composite.
- The friction stir weld device 6. the double static shaft shoulders of complete penetraction and fusion in welding according to claim 1 fill silk, which is characterized in that described to stir The tool of mixing can perhaps the cooling method of water mist be cooled down or by the stirring tool in external application compressed air Portion's setting water-cooling system is cooled down.
- The friction stir weld device 7. the double static shaft shoulders of complete penetraction and fusion in welding as described in claim 1 fill silk, which is characterized in that the stirring Tool is made of materials with high melting point, including tungsten, molybdenum and its alloy, hot die steel.
- The friction stir weld device 8. the double static shaft shoulders of complete penetraction and fusion in welding as described in claim 1 fill silk, which is characterized in that described to be welded Docking that base material (6) is kept constant along bead direction curvature, overlap joint, not uniform thickness docking, corner connection or T connector.
- The friction stir weld device 9. the double static shaft shoulders of complete penetraction and fusion in welding as described in claim 1 fill silk, which is characterized in that its fillet weld Applicable angular range be 60 ° -300 °.
- The friction stir welding method 10. a kind of double static shaft shoulders of complete penetraction and fusion in welding fill silk, which is characterized in that using as described in claim 1 The double static shaft shoulders of the complete penetraction and fusion in welding friction stir weld devices that fill silk complete welding,Step 1, the mixing needle clamping end (2) drive the mixing needle (1) to carry out high speed rotation；Step 2, the base material (6) to be welded are moved along bead direction relative to the stirring tool with certain speed of welding；Step 3, the base material (6) to be welded reach metal under the mechanical stirring and frictional heat comprehensive function of the mixing needle (1) To mecystasis；Simultaneously by upset under the constraint of the static upper shaft shoulder (5) and the static lower shaft shoulder (7), being formed has knuckle Stir friction welding seam.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811506207.0A CN109551096A (en) | 2018-12-10 | 2018-12-10 | A kind of double static shaft shoulders silk filling friction stir welding methods of complete penetraction and fusion in welding |
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| CN201811506207.0A CN109551096A (en) | 2018-12-10 | 2018-12-10 | A kind of double static shaft shoulders silk filling friction stir welding methods of complete penetraction and fusion in welding |
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| CN110802317A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-02-18 | 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | Static shaft shoulder wire filling friction stir welding machine head system |
| CN111618420A (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2020-09-04 | 北京工业大学 | Method and equipment for weakening texture of magnesium alloy friction stir welding joint |
| CN111730194A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-10-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Friction stir welding method and device for medium-thickness magnesium alloy plate |
| CN112894123A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-04 | 华南理工大学 | Friction stir welding method for aluminum-copper dissimilar metal |
| CN113210837A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-08-06 | 四川航天长征装备制造有限公司 | Double-speed double-shaft-shoulder internal material supplementing type friction stir welding device |
| CN115673525A (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2023-02-03 | 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | Water-cooled type filler wire stirring head device |
| US11806802B2 (en) | 2019-04-12 | 2023-11-07 | Nippon Light Metal Company, Ltd. | Joining method |
| CN110102868B (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2024-04-16 | 上海发那科机器人有限公司 | Friction stir welding structure applied to robot |
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| CN112894123A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-04 | 华南理工大学 | Friction stir welding method for aluminum-copper dissimilar metal |
| CN113210837A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-08-06 | 四川航天长征装备制造有限公司 | Double-speed double-shaft-shoulder internal material supplementing type friction stir welding device |
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| CN115673525B (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2024-04-16 | 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | Water-cooled filler wire stirring head device |
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