CN106475677A - A kind of different alloys T-shaped agitating friction welder with fluting and welding method - Google Patents
A kind of different alloys T-shaped agitating friction welder with fluting and welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106475677A CN106475677A CN201610927471.6A CN201610927471A CN106475677A CN 106475677 A CN106475677 A CN 106475677A CN 201610927471 A CN201610927471 A CN 201610927471A CN 106475677 A CN106475677 A CN 106475677A
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- rib
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- agitating friction
- fluting
- stirring
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1225—Particular aspects of welding with a non-consumable tool
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
- B23K20/1255—Tools therefor, e.g. characterised by the shape of the probe
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of different alloys T-shaped agitating friction welder with fluting and welding method, it is a kind of using original position hybrid reaction method, by to the open slot mechanical agitation inserting powder and frictional heat, promote powder Dispersed precipitate in nugget area, thus obtaining preferable welding joint structure and mechanical property.The welder that the present invention uses is exclusively used in the T-shaped agitating friction welding of thin plate and rib, this apparatus structure is simple and convenient to operate, quick detachable and clamping is firm, it is not only able to high-strength, the high hard and dystectic band fluting different alloys T-shaped agitating friction welding problem of effectively solving, and feasibility is provided to the regulation and control realizing welding point microstructure and mechanical property.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to it is a kind of for the T-shaped friction stir welding method of different alloys with fluting and a kind of for this
The welder of friction stir welding method and in particular to a kind of original position hybrid reaction method, by filling pure titanium valve in open slot
Or TiN powder, and fixed using special fixture, under frictional heat and mechanical agitation, make powder Dispersed precipitate in weldering
Core area, thus obtain preferable welding joint structure and mechanical property.
Background technology
Agitating friction weldering (abbreviation FSW), is that the stirring-head of high-speed rotation is inserted nugget area, is stirred using frictional heat and machinery
Move the solid diffusivity to realize welded part, be to overcome melting welding to produce the maximally efficient welderings of defect problem such as pore, crackle at present
Connect technique, be also the first-selected welding method of aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy, aluminium lithium alloy and its different alloys.FSW causes because having tissue
Close, residual stress is little, high in machining efficiency, environmental protection, low cost the advantages of, be widely used in aircraft, rocket, automobile, high ferro, ship
Oceangoing ship etc. manufactures field.But existing agitating friction weldment, the mechanical property of its joint is logical in the case of untreated
Often it is less than mother metal area, such as joint intensity is the 70% about of mother metal area.In order to improve the mechanical property of joint, scientific research personnel
Can be using heat treatment (water quenching, timeliness etc.), increasing before and after optimizing welding parameter (changing speed of welding, rotary speed etc.), welding
Plus the method realization such as welding procedure (welding etc. under Underwater Welding, electric field action), incorporation powder (TiN, titanium valve etc.).But optimize
Welding parameter, heat treatment etc. need large number quipments, frock or material, waste time and energy, and complex process, and input cost is larger.And
The process is simple, the controllability that mix powder are strong, and its welding effect reliability is high.
At present, market the demand to the T-shaped welding of different alloys.During due to T-shaped welding different alloys material,
Its fusing point difference is larger, intensity hardness is higher, required clamping pressure and upsetting force are larger, therefore needs special fixture just to can achieve
High-quality welding.And as far as the applicant is aware, the fixture that can be stirred the high-strength high hard alloy of friction welding xenogenesis at present is less, more
The different alloys fixture of no a kind of T-shaped agitating friction welded bands fluting.Therefore, mix specific function powder to obtain a nugget area
The welding point at end, facilitates the later stage to carry out welding joint mechanical property research, design one kind is exclusively used in T-shaped agitating friction welded bands
The different alloys device tool of fluting is of great significance.
Content of the invention
The needs producing in view of applicable industry, the technical problem to be solved is to overcome prior art defect,
Improve FSW quality of weld joint.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of with fluting different alloys T-shaped agitating friction welder,
Be exclusively used in the gusset of clamping fixing agitating friction welding, mainly include supporting fixture, gusset and stirring-head it is characterised in that：Institute
State gusset to be made up of thin plate and rib, rib composition surface is provided with an open slot being used for powder filler, opening well width is less than muscle
Bar width T.
Further, described rib and thin plate are the sheet material that aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy or aluminium lithium alloy material are made, and thin plate is thick
Spend for 1～5mm, rib thickness is 3～6mm.
Further, described powder is pure titanium valve, TiN powder or metallic aluminium powder and the mixture of titanium valve doping, average
Granularity is about 10～60um.
Further, described stirring-head is the nickel-base high-temperature alloy material with performances such as good wearability, heat conductivity
Make, stirring-head is made up of grip shank, middle part axle, the shaft shoulder, mixing needle and concave surface, stirring-head is clamped handle and grips, stirring
Pin depth is determined by lamella thickness P and rib depth to be welded sum；Described concave surface is located at shaft shoulder end face and is had a common boundary with mixing needle root
Place, contribute to advance side material draw back side flowing；Described mixing needle is circular platform type, and its root diameter (RD) is more than top diameter.
Further, along direction of arrow rotate counterclockwise, rotational velocity range is 200～1500rpm to described stirring-head；
Described stirring-head at the uniform velocity moves along X-coordinate axle, and translational speed scope is 30～120mm/min；Described stirring-head intrusion P-
The difference of P1 is 0.1～0.5mm, and rib width to be welded T1 is not more than T.
Further, described agitating friction welding is processed as at least a time.
A kind of friction stir welding method using the different alloys T-shaped agitating friction welder with fluting, using former
Position hybrid reaction method, by the open slot mechanical agitation inserting powder and frictional heat, promoting powder Dispersed precipitate in nugget
Area, thus obtain the preferable welding point of mechanical property, it is to avoid the defect such as microstrain that the post weld heat treatment of nugget area leads to
Appearance.Its step is as follows：
Step 1, is carried out to the composition surface and open slot of described thin plate and rib and polishes, to remove the removal of impurity and table
Face oxide layer, then rib is first arranged on supporting fixture and clamps, and inserts powder and is compacted in the open slot of rib, and with
Rib composition surface is concordant；Again thin plate composition surface side is positioned on rib, and fixed with fixture；
Step 2, is chosen a mixing needle being mated with described rib width T, the stirring-head with this mixing needle is arranged on
On friction stir welding machine, and move to position to be welded；
Step 3, mixing needle insertion nugget area start position, start welding along X-coordinate direction of principal axis, until final position knot
Bundle welding, extracts mixing needle out, closes agitating friction weldering electromechanical source；
Step 4, after gusset cooling, takes off weldment, completes T-shaped agitating friction welding, and rib now and thin plate are complete
Entirely connect as one.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows：Using the different alloys of the special fixture fixing band fluting of present invention preparation and real
Apply T-shaped agitating friction welding, TiN powder or Ti powder even dispersion can be made to be distributed in nugget area；In nugget area, a part of powder
React with aluminium base, generate metal aluminide Al3Ti particle, another part powder has neither part nor lot in reaction, continues to retain in weldering
Core area, these second phase particles sizes are less, can serve as to strengthen and mutually improve the quality of welding point it is also possible to after FSW
Heat treatment process in pinning crystal boundary, crystal grain thinning, improve the microstructure of nugget area stability；The present invention is by agitating friction weldering
Connect technique to combine with original position hybrid reaction, using preparation welder, easy to operate, quick detachable and clamp firm, not only
Can achieve high-strength, high hard and dystectic band fluting different alloys agitating friction welding, and Welded Joints microstructure and
The regulation and control of mechanical property provide feasibility.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is a kind of different alloys T-shaped agitating friction welder of band fluting and the welding method schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 hides the two-dimentional sectional view of supporting fixture tailing edge YZ plane for Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is partial enlarged drawing at G for the Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is stirring-head schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is partial enlarged drawing at H for the Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is the partial sectional view of the dissimilar alloy welding joint microstructure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is that the powder postwelding of a preferred embodiment of the present invention retains in the SEM picture in welding joint structure.
Fig. 8 is that the powder postwelding of a preferred embodiment of the present invention retains in the TEM picture in welding joint structure.
In figure labelling：1 supporting fixture；2 gussets；3 open slots；4 powder；5 grip shank；6 middle part axles；7 shaft shoulders；8 mixing needles；
9 concave surfaces；10 nugget areas；100 stirring-heads；101 ribs；102 thin plates.
Specific embodiment
Below by with regard to being used for realizing different alloys T-shaped agitating friction welder, the welding method and that band is slotted
The welding point part producing eventually, illustrates its technical scheme and effect by concrete two embodiments.
Embodiment 1：As shown in FIG. 1 to 3, the first step, extracts the 2198 aluminium lithium alloy ribs 101 that a thickness is 5mm,
2198 aluminium lithium alloy rib, 101 composition surface middle system one open slot 3 to be welded, cross sectional dimensions are 3mmx2mm, along rib
101 short transverses are 2mm, form a machining area；Second step, the composition surface of cleaning and polishing open slot 3 and rib 101, go
The removal of impurity and surface oxide layer；3rd step, rib 101 is first arranged on supporting fixture 1 and clamps, and filling can be occurred with Al base
Original position hybrid reaction generates the Ti powder of aluminium compound particle in open slot 3, compacting, and, titanium valve concordant with rib 101 composition surface
Average particle size is about 35um；4th step, placing a thickness is 2mm, decontamination processing 7055 aluminium alloy sheets 102 in muscle
On bar 101 and fixed with fixture, rib 101 now and thin plate 102 are fixed by Complete Bind.
As shown in Fig. 2～Fig. 6, choose a mixing needle 8 mating with described rib 101 width T first, will have this stirring
The stirring-head 100 of pin 8 is arranged on friction stir welding machine, and moves to position to be welded；Then rib 101 and thin plate 102 are connect
Conjunction face carries out 1 passage agitating friction welding and processes；In welding process, mixing needle first inserts nugget area start position, along X-coordinate
Direction of principal axis starts welding, until final position terminates to weld, extracts mixing needle out, closes agitating friction weldering electromechanical source；Welding completes
Afterwards, nugget area 10 Dispersed precipitate of the welding point obtaining aluminium compound Al3Ti particle and the remaining Ti not reacted
Powder particles, the welding parameter taken during welding is：Stirring-head 100 rotate counterclockwise, its rotary speed is 1200rpm, stirs
The translational speed mixing 100 is 60mm/min, and the shaft shoulder 7 intrusion of stirring-head 100 is 0.3mm rib width to be welded T1=T.
Fig. 6～Fig. 8 is the SEM of the T-shaped friction stir welding joint and welding point being obtained using above-mentioned specific embodiment
With TEM picture, its nugget area 10 Dispersed precipitate substantial amounts of in-situ authigenic aluminium compound Al3Ti, its size is less, for nanometer
Level, in nugget area Dispersed precipitate and smooth with basal body interface；The remaining Ti powder particles also disperse that original position hybrid reaction does not occur
It is distributed in welding zone 10.
Embodiment 2：According to embodiment 1, the present embodiment also can produce rib 101 He using the different alloys of other models
Thin plate 102, as the aluminum lithiums such as the magnesium alloy plates such as high strength alumin ium alloy sheet material, MB5, AM60B such as 7050,7075 and 2195,2196 close
Golden plate material, thin plate to be welded 102 thickness produced is 1～5mm；Powder 4 also can take TiN powder or metallic aluminium powder and titanium valve to mix
Miscellaneous hybrid particles, average particle size is 10～60um；Stirring-head 100 translational speed taken is 30～120mm/min, stirring
100 rotary speeies are 200～1500rpm, and the difference of stirring-head 100 intrusion P-P1 is 0.1-0.5mm, and T1 is not more than T.
Certainly described above not limitation of the present invention, the present invention is also not limited to the example above, the art
Change, remodeling, interpolation or replacement that those of ordinary skill is made in the essential scope of the present invention, fall within the guarantor of the present invention
Shield scope.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of different alloys T-shaped agitating friction welder with fluting, is exclusively used in the muscle of clamping fixing agitating friction welding
Plate (2), mainly include supporting fixture (1), gusset (2) and stirring-head (100) it is characterised in that：Described gusset (2) is by thin plate
(102) make with rib (101) welding, rib (101) composition surface is provided with an open slot (3), and open slot (3) is used for powder (4)
Filling.
2. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of with fluting different alloys T-shaped agitating friction welder it is characterised in that：Institute
Stating rib (101) and thin plate (102) is the sheet material that aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy or aluminium lithium alloy material are made, and thin plate (102) thickness is
1～5mm, rib (101) thickness is 3～6mm.
3. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of with fluting different alloys T-shaped agitating friction welder it is characterised in that：Institute
Stating powder (4) is pure titanium valve, TiN powder or metallic aluminium powder and the mixture of titanium valve doping, and average particle size is about 10～60um.
4. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of with fluting different alloys T-shaped agitating friction welder it is characterised in that：Institute
State stirring-head (100) to be made up of nickel-base high-temperature alloy material, stirring-head (100) by grip shank (5), middle part axle (6), the shaft shoulder (7),
Mixing needle (8) and concave surface (9) composition, stirring-head (100) is clamped handle (5) and grips, and mixing needle (8) depth is by thin plate
(102) thickness P and rib (101) depth sum to be welded determine；Described concave surface (9) is located at the shaft shoulder (7) end face and mixing needle (8) root
Portion's intersection；Described mixing needle (8) is circular platform type, and its root diameter (RD) is more than top diameter.
5. a kind of band fluting described in claim 1 different alloys T-shaped agitating friction welder it is characterised in that：Described
Along direction of arrow rotate counterclockwise, rotational velocity range is 200～1500rpm to stirring-head (100)；Described stirring-head (100)
At the uniform velocity move along X-coordinate axle, translational speed scope is 30～120mm/min；The difference of described stirring-head (100) intrusion P-P1
It is worth for 0.1～0.5mm, and rib (101) width T1 to be welded is not more than T.
6. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of with fluting different alloys T-shaped agitating friction welder it is characterised in that：Institute
State agitating friction welding and be processed as at least a time.
7. a kind of friction stir welding method, is rubbed using a kind of T-shaped stirring of different alloys with fluting as claimed in claim 1
Wipe welder welding, using original position hybrid reaction method, by open slot (3) mechanical agitation inserting powder (4) and friction
Heat, promote powder (4) Dispersed precipitate in nugget area (10) it is characterised in that：Described friction stir welding method step is as follows：
Step 1, the composition surface to described thin plate (102) and rib (101) and open slot (3) are carried out and polish, then
Rib (101) is first arranged on supporting fixture (1) above and clamps, the open slot (3) inserting powder (4) in rib (101) is intrinsic pressure
Real and concordant with rib (101) composition surface；Again thin plate (102) composition surface side is positioned on rib (101), and uses fixture
Fixed；
Step 2, is chosen a mixing needle (8) being mated with described rib (101) width T, will have the stirring-head of this mixing needle (8)
(100) it is arranged on friction stir welding machine, and move to position to be welded；
Step 3, mixing needle (8) inserts nugget area (10) start position, starts welding along X-coordinate direction of principal axis, until terminal position
Put end welding, extract mixing needle (8) out, close agitating friction weldering electromechanical source；
Step 4, after gusset (6) cooling, takes off weldment, completes T-shaped agitating friction welding.
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107398633A (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2017-11-28 | 浙江工业大学 | Friction stir welding device with cooling effect |
| CN108161213A (en) * | 2018-03-15 | 2018-06-15 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of novel agitating friction repair-welding device and method |
| TWI630050B (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-07-21 | 國立中山大學 | A friction stir welding apparatus for metal and engineering ceramic plates |
| CN108746983A (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2018-11-06 | 航天工程装备（苏州）有限公司 | A kind of welding method improving T connector welding performance |
| CN109530905A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-03-29 | 合肥工业大学 | A method of eliminating aluminium alloy extruded plate friction stir welding joint bottom defect |
| CN109940261A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-06-28 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of device and method of dynamic support auxiliary Friction Stir Welding T connector |
| CN110214066A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2019-09-06 | 株式会社栗本铁工所 | The joint method of sheet metal and the connected structure of sheet metal |
| CN110814509A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-02-21 | 航天工程装备（苏州）有限公司 | Flanging-free and thinning shaft shoulder-free friction stir welding tool and method |
| CN110814511A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-02-21 | 扬州大学 | Method for friction stir welding of aluminum alloy and polypropylene |
| CN110977360A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-10 | 江西理工大学 | Linear motor induction plate machining method based on friction stir welding |
| CN111055007A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-04-24 | 首都航天机械有限公司 | Static shaft shoulder friction stir welding device and method for T-shaped joint |
| CN111299804A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-06-19 | 北京毅安峰技术有限公司 | Welding process for welding medicine storage device by using double clamps |
| CN111761199A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-10-13 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | Friction stir welding method for titanium alloy T-shaped joint |
| CN111843177A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-10-30 | 航天工程装备（苏州）有限公司 | Dissimilar material friction stir welding tool |
| CN114682902A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-07-01 | 中南大学 | Friction repairing method |
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| CN110214066B (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2020-12-11 | 株式会社栗本铁工所 | Method for joining metal sheets and structure for joining metal sheets |
| CN110214066A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2019-09-06 | 株式会社栗本铁工所 | The joint method of sheet metal and the connected structure of sheet metal |
| CN107398633A (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2017-11-28 | 浙江工业大学 | Friction stir welding device with cooling effect |
| TWI630050B (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-07-21 | 國立中山大學 | A friction stir welding apparatus for metal and engineering ceramic plates |
| CN108161213A (en) * | 2018-03-15 | 2018-06-15 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of novel agitating friction repair-welding device and method |
| CN108746983A (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2018-11-06 | 航天工程装备（苏州）有限公司 | A kind of welding method improving T connector welding performance |
| CN109530905A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-03-29 | 合肥工业大学 | A method of eliminating aluminium alloy extruded plate friction stir welding joint bottom defect |
| CN109940261A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-06-28 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of device and method of dynamic support auxiliary Friction Stir Welding T connector |
| CN110814509A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-02-21 | 航天工程装备（苏州）有限公司 | Flanging-free and thinning shaft shoulder-free friction stir welding tool and method |
| CN110814509B (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2023-10-20 | 航天工程装备（苏州）有限公司 | Non-flange and thinned non-shoulder friction stir welding tool and method |
| CN110814511A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-02-21 | 扬州大学 | Method for friction stir welding of aluminum alloy and polypropylene |
| CN111055007A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-04-24 | 首都航天机械有限公司 | Static shaft shoulder friction stir welding device and method for T-shaped joint |
| CN111055007B (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2022-01-18 | 首都航天机械有限公司 | Static shaft shoulder friction stir welding device and method for T-shaped joint |
| CN110977360A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-10 | 江西理工大学 | Linear motor induction plate machining method based on friction stir welding |
| CN111299804A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-06-19 | 北京毅安峰技术有限公司 | Welding process for welding medicine storage device by using double clamps |
| CN111299804B (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2023-11-03 | 北京毅安峰技术有限公司 | Welding process for welding medicine storage device by using double clamps |
| CN111761199A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-10-13 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | Friction stir welding method for titanium alloy T-shaped joint |
| CN111843177A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-10-30 | 航天工程装备（苏州）有限公司 | Dissimilar material friction stir welding tool |
| CN114682902A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-07-01 | 中南大学 | Friction repairing method |
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