KR20160071483A - Method For Welding iron and steel By Hybrid Friction Stir Welding - Google Patents

Method For Welding iron and steel By Hybrid Friction Stir Welding Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20160071483A
KR20160071483A KR1020140178029A KR20140178029A KR20160071483A KR 20160071483 A KR20160071483 A KR 20160071483A KR 1020140178029 A KR1020140178029 A KR 1020140178029A KR 20140178029 A KR20140178029 A KR 20140178029A KR 20160071483 A KR20160071483 A KR 20160071483A
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KR
South Korea
Prior art keywords
friction stir
stir welding
thin plate
welding tool
torch
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Application number
KR1020140178029A
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Korean (ko)
Inventor
방한서
방희선
김경학
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조선대학교산학협력단
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Priority to KR1020140178029A priority Critical patent/KR20160071483A/en
Publication of KR20160071483A publication Critical patent/KR20160071483A/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/1205—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using translation movement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
    • B23K9/167—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a non-consumable electrode

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method to weld thin steel plates by hybrid friction stirring, using a hybrid friction stir welding system comprising: a friction stir welding tool to generate a friction heat by touching and rotating on a welding portion between two thin plates of a steel material having the thickness of 1 mm or less touching each other horizontally; and a TIG torch to preheat the welding portion by arc-heat by preceding the friction stir welding tool. The friction stir welding tool comprises: a body part with a portion inserted to a spindle; and a shoulder part extended downward from the body part, having a lower surface with a first outer diameter, and formed in a flat shape to touch the welding portion, wherein the shoulder part does not include any pins protruding downwards from the shoulder part within a diameter smaller than the first outer diameter. According to the present invention, the method is able to prevent brittle fracture properties and increase tensile strength of the welding portion of the thin steel plates, with a reduced tool abrasion and an improved welding speed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a method of joining a thin steel sheet by hybrid friction stir welding,

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a joining method of a thin plate steel material by hybrid friction stir, and more particularly, to a joining method of a thin plate steel material by hybrid friction stir welding in which a thin plate of 1 mm or less is joined by friction stir welding.

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, lightweight structures have been increasing in various industrial fields, and the application of lightweight members has been rapidly expanding, particularly in the field of transportation machinery (rail cars, automobiles, ships, aircraft, and the like).

It is difficult to obtain satisfactory welded joints due to the deformation and residual stress caused by welding heat, weld cracks such as solidification cracks, pores and oxidation, as well as the strength of the welded joints, when constructing high strength / lightweight welded structures using existing fusion welding.

In order to solve these problems, a new eco-friendly welding technique, namely, heat deformation by welding in the application of friction welding (Friction Stir Welding, hereinafter referred to as 'FSW') using heating by friction and plastic flow And residual stress is extremely small, high quality joints can be obtained without the use of fugitives, fume, and harmful rays, thus being effective in terms of welding quality and economy.

As a result, it has been investigated that the bonding object using the aluminum alloy and the aluminum alloy is not limited to the light alloy of the dissimilar materials but also the light alloy and the steel material is bonded.

Such friction stir welding methods are variously known.

On the other hand, a friction stir welding tool applied to a conventional friction stir welding is applied to a structure having a pin protruding from the bottom while being mounted on a spindle.

A structure capable of replacing the pin portion with respect to such a friction stir welding tool is disclosed in Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1143933.

However, a friction stir welding tool having protruded fins of 1 mm or less in outer diameter on the bottom surface of a tool body formed of a cemented carbide material is difficult to process and manufacture.

In addition, when the friction stir welding tool having pins is applied to a thin plate having a thickness of 1 mm or less, strong end shearing caused by friction stir characteristics and severe vibration applied to the tool reduce the durability of the tool, thereby increasing the reprocessing cost.

Disclosure of Invention Technical Problem [8] The present invention has been made in order to solve the problems described above, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a joining method of a thin plate steel material by hybrid friction stir, which can improve a joining characteristic between a thin joining portion and a thin joining portion, The purpose is to provide.

In order to accomplish the above object, the present invention provides a method of joining a thin steel sheet to a steel sheet by hybrid friction stir, comprising the steps of: preparing two thin sheet steel plates having a thickness of 1 mm or less, A friction stir welding tool for generating frictional heat while rotating in contact with the abutment portion; and a teat torch for preheating the abutment by an arc heat in advance of the friction stir welding tool and using a hybrid friction stir welding system, Wherein the thin plate base material is made of a steel material, and the friction stir welding tool has a body portion into which a part of the friction stir welding tool is inserted, a lower portion extending downward from the body portion, And a shoulder portion formed to be flat and in contact with the abutment portion , The shoulder portion is applied to less than the first outside diameter does not have a pin projecting downward from the shoulder portion.

At least one of stainless steel and carbon steel is applied to the steel material. When the tie torch is positioned ahead of the friction stir welding tool, the titanium alloy While the shoulder of the friction stir welding tool is positioned at the center of the abutment and is rotated in a counterclockwise direction with respect to the advancing direction, while the abutment is pressed, frictional flow is induced using frictional heat, So that the base material moves along the joining portion while having an equal temperature distribution.

Preferably, the shoulder has a first outer diameter of 4 to 12 mm.

According to the joining method of the thin plate steel material by the hybrid friction stir according to the present invention, it is possible to suppress not only the tensile strength of the thin plate joint but also the brittle fracture aspect, reduce the wear of the tool, and improve the joining speed.

1 is a perspective view showing a hybrid friction stir welding system (FSW-TIG) for performing a joining method of a steel sheet material by hybrid friction stir welding according to the present invention,
Figure 2 is a side view of the hybrid friction stir joining system (FSW-TIG) of Figure 1,
Fig. 3 is a side view of the friction stir welding tool applied to Fig. 1,
FIG. 4 is a photograph of a cross-section of a specimen bonded with respect to a bonding method according to the present invention and a case where a preheating process is not applied,
5 is a graph showing tensile properties of the bonding method according to the present invention,
6 is a photograph showing the result of fatigue test for a specimen bonded according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of a joining method of a thin plate steel material by hybrid friction stir according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a main part perspective view showing a hybrid friction stir welding system (FSW-TIG) for carrying out a welding method of a steel sheet material by hybrid friction stir welding according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a hybrid friction stir welding system -TIG), and Fig. 3 is a side view of the friction stir welding tool applied to Fig.

1 to 3, a hybrid friction stir welding system 100 according to the present invention is a hybrid friction stir welding system in which the first and second thin plate base materials 101 and 120, A friction stir welding tool 110 for performing a friction stir welding operation, and a teg torch 120 for preheating the joint portion 101. [

Here, the first and second thin plate base materials 101 and 102 are arranged so as to form a bonding portion 104 in contact with each other in a horizontal plane with a thickness of 1 mm or less.

The first and second thin plate base materials 101 and 102 are formed in a plate shape and are made of a steel material, for example, a steel material such as stainless steel or carbon steel.

The first and second thin plate base materials 101 and 102 may be made of the same material or may be made of different materials.

The friction stir welding tool 110 is fixed to the spindle 115 of the friction stir joining system and the spindle 115 is connected to the drive motor 118 by a drive shaft so that the number of revolutions can be set.

The friction stir welding tool 110 may be formed of a cemented carbide steel having excellent heat resistance and abrasion resistance and having excellent hardness such as tungsten carbide-cobalt material, tungsten carbide-molybdenum material, etc., It may be formed of a special alloy steel.

The friction stir welding tool 110 includes a body portion 111 into which a part of the friction stir welding tool 110 is inserted and a base portion 111 extending downward from the body portion 111 and having a bottom surface having a first outer diameter d, And has a shoulder portion 113 formed in contact with the abutment portion 104.

The shoulder portion 113 has a pin-like structure which is smaller than the first outer diameter d and protrudes downward from the shoulder portion 113.

The entire bottom surface of the shoulder portion 113 is brought into contact with the first and second thin plate base materials 101 and 102 to be bonded.

The shoulder 113 has a first outer diameter d of 4 to 12 mm.

In the illustrated example, a structure having an inclined portion 112 inclined to have a smaller outer diameter at the lower end of the trunk portion 111 and a shoulder portion 113 extending downward from the lower end of the inclined portion 112 is applied .

The shoulder portion 113 is formed so as to have an inclined portion 112 extending from the body portion 113 to the shoulder portion 113 such that the outer diameter of the shoulder portion 113 is smaller than that of the shoulder portion 113, It is of course possible to adopt a configuration having a shape having an inclined portion that is chamfered or rounded at an obtuse bottom edge.

Needless to say, the outer diameter of the shoulder 113 and the outer diameter of the body 111 may be the same.

On the other hand, the friction stir welding tool 110 rotated by the driving motor 118 is disposed at the center of the joint portion 104 of the first and second thin plate base materials 101 and 102 to rotate in the reverse rotation direction, The first thin plate base material 101 and the second thin plate base material 102 are joined together by firing and stirring.

The hybrid friction stir welding system 100 also includes a teig preheat system including a teg torch 120 for generating an arc, a coordinate setting jig 130 for setting the coordinates of the teg torch 120, And a main body (not shown) for generating a protective gas and electric current for protecting the parts from the atmosphere.

The coordinate setting jig 130 for setting the coordinates of the teat torches 120 is a gauge capable of adjusting the distances between the X axis, the Y axis, and the Z axis, and includes an X axis coordinate setting gauge 131, a Y axis coordinate setting gauge (132), and a Z-axis coordinate setting gauge (133).

The X-axis coordinate setting gauge 131, the Y-axis coordinate setting gauge 132 and the Z-axis coordinate setting gauge 133 in the gauge are linearly moved along the guide bars 136, 137 and 138, As shown in Fig.

The main body of the TIG welder can adjust the current according to the thickness and shape of the material, and the protective gas can be any one of Argon, Helium and mixed gas of argon and helium according to the bonding conditions.

The TIG welder body may include a gauge to regulate the flow rate of the shielding gas.

The insertion position of the friction stir welding tool 110 and the preheating position of the teat torch 120 in the hybrid friction stir welding system (FSW-TIG) 100 will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

First, the first and second thin plate base materials 101 and 102 to be bonded are fixed on and fixed to each other on a jig 108 and the bottom surface of the shoulder portion 113 of the friction stir welding tool 110 And the center is aligned with the joining portion 104.

Then, the tig torch 120 to be preheated is placed in the joint portion 104.

At this time, the teg torch 120 should be positioned in the leading portion ahead of the tool 110 with respect to the traveling direction of the friction stir welding tool 110.

The distance between the interface of the bonding portion 104 and the teat torch 120 is set to be 0.1 mm to 50 mm, preferably 20 mm.

Further, the distance between the friction stir welding tool 110 and the teg torch 120 is set to be 0.001 to 50 mm.

Preferably, the distance between the friction stir welding tool 110 and the teg torch 120 is 20 mm.

Thereafter, the friction stir welding tool 110 abuts against the first and second thin plate base materials 101 and 102 while rotating in the counterclockwise direction, that is, counterclockwise with respect to the advancing direction of the tool 110, thereby generating frictional heat , The teg torch 120 preheats the joining portion 104 and performs the joining operation while transferring along the joining portion 104. [

At this time, the rotational speed of the friction stir welding tool 110 is 300 to 1600 rpm, the advancing speed is 50 to 150 mm per minute and the pressing force is 50 to 3000 kgf. The bottom surface of the friction stir welding tool 110, The angle between the surface and the surface is preferably 0 to 10 degrees.

By this process, the friction stir welding tool 110 is heated by preheating the tug torch 120 to the joining portion 104 of the first and second thin plate base materials 101 and 102 prior to the friction stir welding tool 110, The first and second thin plate base materials 101 and 102 and the first and second thin plate base materials 101 and 102 together with the frictional heat generated at a portion of the bottom surface of the shoulder portion 113 which is in contact with the joint portion 104 of the first and second thin plate base materials 101 and 102, 101) 102 are easily caused to undergo plastic flow, and are formed to have an equal temperature distribution.

4 is a photograph showing a cross section of a joint portion when friction welding is performed without preheating by a teg torch on a thin plate of a stainless steel material having a thickness of 0.5 mm, and the photographs shown below show a preheating process Fig. 3 is a photograph showing a cross-section of the joint when performing friction joining.

As can be seen from FIG. 4, when a thin plate of a stainless steel material having a thickness of 0.5 mm is preheated using a hybrid friction stir welding system (FSW-TIG) It is confirmed that almost no intermetallic compound is generated and a sound joint can be obtained.

5 shows tensile strengths of test pieces bonded using a friction stir joining system (FSW) without the use of the teg torch 120 and a hybrid friction stir joining system (FSW-GWAT) using the teak torch 120 The measured results are shown.

As can be seen from FIG. 5, when the joining is performed using the hybrid friction stir welding system (FSW-GWAT) according to the present invention, the tensile strength of the joint 104 is improved by securing the excellent joining property .

6 is a photograph showing the result of fatigue test for joints bonded using the hybrid friction stir welding system (FSW-TIG) according to the present invention. When the test was carried out in a 70% yield stress range of the base material, And showed no fracture results.

As described above, according to the joining method of the thin plate steel material by the hybrid friction stir, it is possible to suppress not only the tensile strength of the thin plate joint but also the brittle fracture aspect, reduce the wear of the tool, and improve the joining speed.

100: Hybrid friction stir welding system
101: first thin plate base material 102: second thin plate base material
104: joint part 110: tool for friction stir welding
115: spindle 120: teg torch
130: Coordinate setting jig

Claims (5)

A friction stir welding tool for generating frictional heat while contacting and rotating with the joint of the thin plate base material arranged so that two thin plate base materials having a thickness of 1 mm or less abut against each other to form a joint portion; 1. A method of joining a thin plate preform using a hybrid friction stir joining system comprising a teat torch which preheats the joining portion by arc heat in advance,
The thin plate base material is made of a steel material,
Wherein the friction stir welding tool has a body portion that is partially inserted into the spindle and a shoulder portion that extends downward from the body portion and has a bottom surface having a first outer diameter and is formed to be flat and in contact with the joint portion, Wherein the shoulder portion has a pin which is smaller than the first outer diameter and protrudes downward from the shoulder portion, is applied to the shoulder portion. The method of claim 1, wherein the steel material is at least one of stainless steel and carbon steel,
Preheating the titanium alloy through the arc heat while maintaining the state of being positioned only on the side of the second base material when the tug torch is preceded by the friction stir welding tool, While rotating the ferrule in a counterclockwise direction with respect to the advancing direction, the frictional heat is induced by using the frictional heat while the base material is moved along the abutting portion with the equal temperature distribution by the plastic flow Wherein the welding is carried out by means of hybrid friction stir welding. The method according to claim 2, wherein the first outer diameter of the shoulder is 4 to 12 mm. 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein a distance between the tug torch and the friction stir welding tool is 20 mm. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the teak torch is capable of setting coordinates through an X, Y, Z axis coordinate setting jig, and the X, Y axis coordinate setting jig is movable along a guide bar. Bonding method.
KR1020140178029A 2014-12-11 2014-12-11 Method For Welding iron and steel By Hybrid Friction Stir Welding KR20160071483A (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110603116A (en) * 2017-09-27 2019-12-20 日本轻金属株式会社 Method for manufacturing liquid cooling jacket
KR20210037908A (en) 2019-09-30 2021-04-07 황재훈 User-Customized cometic management system
US11654508B2 (en) 2017-09-27 2023-05-23 Nippon Light Metal Company, Ltd. Method for producing liquid-cooled jacket
US11654507B2 (en) 2017-12-18 2023-05-23 Nippon Light Metal Company, Ltd. Method for manufacturing liquid-cooling jacket
US11707798B2 (en) 2018-04-02 2023-07-25 Nippon Light Metal Company, Ltd. Method for manufacturing liquid-cooled jacket
US11707799B2 (en) 2018-12-19 2023-07-25 Nippon Light Metal Company, Ltd. Joining method

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110603116A (en) * 2017-09-27 2019-12-20 日本轻金属株式会社 Method for manufacturing liquid cooling jacket
US11654508B2 (en) 2017-09-27 2023-05-23 Nippon Light Metal Company, Ltd. Method for producing liquid-cooled jacket
US11712748B2 (en) 2017-09-27 2023-08-01 Nippon Light Metal Company, Ltd. Method for producing liquid-cooled jacket
US11654507B2 (en) 2017-12-18 2023-05-23 Nippon Light Metal Company, Ltd. Method for manufacturing liquid-cooling jacket
US11707798B2 (en) 2018-04-02 2023-07-25 Nippon Light Metal Company, Ltd. Method for manufacturing liquid-cooled jacket
US11707799B2 (en) 2018-12-19 2023-07-25 Nippon Light Metal Company, Ltd. Joining method
KR20210037908A (en) 2019-09-30 2021-04-07 황재훈 User-Customized cometic management system

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