KR101007592B1 - Friction stir welding with tungsten inert gas welding type hybrid welding apparatus - Google Patents

Friction stir welding with tungsten inert gas welding type hybrid welding apparatus Download PDF

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KR101007592B1
KR101007592B1 KR1020090107348A KR20090107348A KR101007592B1 KR 101007592 B1 KR101007592 B1 KR 101007592B1 KR 1020090107348 A KR1020090107348 A KR 1020090107348A KR 20090107348 A KR20090107348 A KR 20090107348A KR 101007592 B1 KR101007592 B1 KR 101007592B1
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friction stir
stir welding
tig
stainless steel
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KR1020090107348A
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Korean (ko)
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방한서
방희선
전근홍
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조선대학교산학협력단
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K28/00—Welding or cutting not covered by any of the preceding groups, e.g. electrolytic welding
    • B23K28/02—Combined welding or cutting procedures or apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
    • B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
    • B23K20/125—Rotary tool drive mechanism
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/22—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
    • B23K20/227—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded with ferrous layer
    • B23K20/2275—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded with ferrous layer the other layer being aluminium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/24—Preliminary treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
    • B23K9/164—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas making use of a moving fluid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/006—Vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
    • B23K2103/20—Ferrous alloys and aluminium or alloys thereof

Abstract

PURPOSE: A hybrid frictional stirring/bonding device is provided to enhance a bonding characteristic since the temperature distribution of frictional heat is uniformly made and sufficient firing is possible. CONSTITUTION: A hybrid frictional stirring/bonding device(100) consists of a frictional stirring/bonding tool(104) and a TIG(Tungsten Inert Gas) preheating unit. Different basic materials are stainless steel and aluminum alloy. The TIG preheating unit comprises a TIG torch(106), a TIG welding body and protective gas. The TIG preheating unit comprises a X-, Y-, Z-axis coordinate setting jig. The TIG torch generates arc to preheat a bonding unit. The TIG welder body generates current. The protective gas comprises argons, helium or one of mixed gases of argon and helium. The pin of the frictional stirring/bonding tool is located on the aluminum alloy.

Description

하이브리드 마찰 교반 접합장치{FRICTION STIR WELDING WITH TUNGSTEN INERT GAS WELDING TYPE HYBRID WELDING APPARATUS}Hybrid friction stir welding device {FRICTION STIR WELDING WITH TUNGSTEN INERT GAS WELDING TYPE HYBRID WELDING APPARATUS}

본 발명은 하이브리드 마찰 교반 접합장치에 관한 것으로, 더욱 상세하게는 알루미늄 합금, 스테인리스강 과 같은 이종재료 접합부 중 스테인리스강을 예열하는 티그 예열수단을 포함하는 하이브리드 마찰 교반 접합장치에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a hybrid friction stir welding device, and more particularly, to a hybrid friction stir welding device including a preheating means for preheating stainless steel among dissimilar material joints such as aluminum alloy and stainless steel.

최근, 각종 산업분야에 있어서 경량화 구조가 증가하고 있으며 특히 수송기계분야(철도차량, 자동차, 선박, 항공기 등)에 있어서 경량 부재의 적용이 빠른 속도로 확대되고 있다. In recent years, lightweight structures have been increasing in various industrial fields, and in particular, the application of lightweight members has rapidly expanded in the field of transportation machinery (railroad cars, automobiles, ships, aircrafts, etc.).

기존의 용융용접을 이용하여 고강도/경량소재의 구조체를 제작하는 경우, 용접열에 의한 변형 및 잔류응력과 응고균열, 기공, 산화 등 용접결함 뿐만 아니라 접합부의 강도저하로 만족스러운 접합부를 얻기가 어려웠다.When fabricating a structure of high strength / light weight material using the conventional melt welding, it was difficult to obtain a satisfactory joint due to the deformation of the welding heat and the welding stress such as residual stress and solidification crack, pore, and oxidation, as well as the strength of the joint.

이러한 문제점을 획기적으로 해결할 수 있는 환경 친화적 신 용접기술 즉, 마찰에 의한 가열 및 소성유동을 응용한 고상용접(마찰 교반 접합:Friction Stir Welding) 적용 시 용접에 의한 열 변형 및 잔류응력이 극히 적고 용가재를 사용하지 않고 흄, 유해광선의 발생이 없이 고품질의 접합부를 얻을 수 있어 용접품질 및 경제적 측면에서 효과적이다.In order to solve these problems, new environmentally friendly welding technology, namely, solid state welding (Friction Stir Welding) applied with frictional heating and plastic flow, has very little thermal deformation and residual stress due to welding. It is effective in welding quality and economical because it can obtain high quality joint without generating fume and harmful rays without using.

접합대상이 기존의 알루미늄과 알루미늄 동종계의 경량합금에서 이종재의 경량합금의 접합 영역 뿐 아니라 경량합금과 철강재료 접합의 영역까지 연구가 진행 되고 있다.The research targets are researched from the existing light alloys of aluminum and aluminum homogeneous to the joint area of light alloy of dissimilar materials as well as the area of light alloy and steel material bonding.

그러나, 마찰 교반 접합용 공구 재료의 제한으로 피 접합재료가 경금속 또는 저 융점 금속에 한정되어 있으며, 철강 재료에는 아직까지 산업응용분야에서의 실제구현은 거의 이루어지지 않고 있다.However, due to the limitation of the tool material for friction stir welding, the material to be joined is limited to a light metal or a low melting point metal, and practical implementation in industrial applications is hardly achieved in steel materials.

상기 종래 마찰 교반 접합 기술을 이용하여 경량합금(알루미늄 합금)과 철강재료(스테인리스강)의 이종 접합부 중심에 마찰 교반 접합용 공구를 삽입하여 접합할 경우 물리적 성질과 기계적 특성이 상이하여 접합부에 취약한 합금층이 생성되고 접합강도 저하 및 소성교반 저하 등의 문제가 발생하여 접합부에 결함이 발생하므로 접합이 극히 어렵다.When the friction stir welding tool is inserted into the center of the heterojunction of the light alloy (aluminum alloy) and the steel material (stainless steel) by using the conventional friction stir welding technique, the physical and mechanical properties are different and the alloy is vulnerable to the joint. Bonding is extremely difficult because a layer is formed and problems such as lowering of bonding strength and lowering of plastic stirring occur and defects occur at the joint.

또한, 상기 마찰 교반 접합 기술로 경량합금(알루미늄 합금)과 철강재료(스테인리스강)를 접합할 경우 마찰 교반 접합용 공구와 스테인리스강 사이에서 발생하는 마찰열이 알루미늄합금 보다 상대적으로 적게 발생하기 때문에 충분한 소성변형 및 재결정 온도에 이르지 못하여 스테인리스강의 탈락된 입자들이 알루미늄 합금 쪽으로 이동 분산되어 건전한 접합부를 얻기 힘들다.In addition, when the light alloy (aluminum alloy) and the steel material (stainless steel) are joined by the friction stir welding technology, the frictional heat generated between the tool for friction stir welding and stainless steel is generated relatively less than that of the aluminum alloy. Failure to reach strain and recrystallization temperatures results in dislodged particles of stainless steel being dispersed towards the aluminum alloy, making it difficult to obtain sound joints.

뿐만 아니라, 상기 마찰 교반 접합 기술을 이용하여 철강재료(스테인리스강) 을 접합할 경우 마찰 교반 접합용 공구의 마모가 심하게 발생하며 마찰 교반 접합장치의 심한 진동이 발생하는 문제가 발생한다.In addition, when the steel material (stainless steel) is joined using the friction stir welding technique, the wear of the friction stir welding tool is severely generated, and a severe vibration of the friction stir welding device occurs.

따라서, 이러한 마찰 교반 접합 기술은 마찰 교반 접합용 공구의 가압력과 마찰열 만으로는 이종재료 접합부 중 철강재료(스테인리스강)를 연화시켜 소성유동 시키기에 역부족하여 건전한 접합부를 얻기 힘들다.Therefore, this friction stir welding technique is insufficient to soften steel material (stainless steel) and plastic flow among dissimilar material joints only by the pressing force and frictional heat of the friction stir welding tool.

본 발명은 상술한 바와 같은 종래 기술상의 제반 문제점들을 감안하여 종래 마찰 교반 접합 기술이 갖는 한계를 극복하고 생산성을 고도화하며 이종재료의 우수한 접합특성을 얻기 위해 마찰 교반과 티그(TIG) 용접기를 이용하여 이종재료 접합 시 이종접합부 중 철강재료(스테인리스강)를 예열하고, 마찰 교반 접합용 공구의 회전과 마찰에 의해 충분한 소성유동을 일으키며, 마찰열 온도분포를 동등하게 부여하여 충분한 소성교반이 가능하게 연화시킴으로써 건전한 접합부와 접합특성을 향상시킬 수 있는 하이브리드 마찰 교반 접합장치를 제공하고자 함에 그 주된 해결 과제가 있다.The present invention uses the friction stir and TIG welding machine to overcome the limitations of the conventional friction stir welding technology, improve productivity, and obtain excellent bonding characteristics of dissimilar materials in view of the above-mentioned problems in the prior art. When joining dissimilar materials, preheat the steel material (stainless steel) among the dissimilar joints, generate sufficient plastic flow due to the rotation and friction of the friction stir welding tool, and give the frictional heat temperature distribution equally so that sufficient plastic stirring is possible. The main problem is to provide a hybrid friction stir welding device that can improve the healthy joint and the bonding characteristics.

본 발명은 상기한 해결 과제를 달성하기 위한 수단으로, 이종모재를 서로 맞닿게 하여 형성된 접합부에 맞닿아 회전하면서 마찰열을 발생시키는 마찰 교반 접합용 공구와, 상기 접합부에 예열을 실시하는 티그 예열수단을 포함하는 마찰 교반 접합장치에서, 상기 이종모재는 철계합금인 스테인리스강과 알루미늄 합금이고; 상기 티그 예열수단은 접합부를 예열시키기 위해 아크를 발생시키는 티크토치, 전류를 발생시키는 티그 용접기 본체, 티그 예열부를 대기로부터 보호하기 위해 분출시키는 아르곤, 헬륨 또는 아르곤과 헬륨의 혼합된 가스 중 어느 하나인 보호가스를 포함하며; 상기 마찰 교반 접합용 공구의 핀은 대부분 알루미늄 합금 측에 위치하되 1mm 이하만 스테인리스강 측에 위치되도록 배치한 상태에서 역회전되게 설치되고; 상기 티그 예열수단은 스테인리스강 측에 위치하되 마찰 교반 접합용 공구 보다 선행부에 위치되는 하이브리드 마찰 교반 접합장치에 있어서; 상기 티그 예열수단은 접합부에 닿는 위치와 마찰 교반 접합용 공구의 선행 위치에 따른 좌표를 설정할 수 있는 X,Y,Z축 좌표 설정 지그를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 하이브리드 마찰 교반 접합장치를 제공한다.The present invention is a means for achieving the above-described problems, friction stir welding tool for generating friction heat while rotating in contact with the joint formed by contacting the dissimilar base material to each other, and a pre-heating means for pre-heating the joint portion In the friction stir welding device comprising, the dissimilar base material is stainless steel and aluminum alloy of iron-based alloy; The TIG preheating means may be any one of a teak torch that generates an arc to preheat the joint, a TIG welder body that generates an electric current, and an argon, helium or a mixed gas of argon and helium that ejects the TIG preheater to protect the atmosphere. A protective gas; Most of the pins of the friction stir welding tool are located on the aluminum alloy side, but are installed to be reversely rotated with only 1 mm or less positioned on the stainless steel side; The TIG preheating means is a hybrid friction stir welding device located on the stainless steel side, but located in front of the friction stir welding tool; The tag preheating means provides a hybrid friction stir welding device further comprising an X, Y, Z axis coordinate setting jig that can set the coordinates according to the position of the contact portion and the preceding position of the friction stir welding tool. .

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본 발명에 따르면, 경량합금(알루미늄 합금)과 철강재료(스테인리스강)의 이종재료를 접합할 때 철강재료(스테인리스강) 접합부에 티그 예열을 실시함으로써 마찰 교반 접합용 공구의 회전으로 발생하는 마찰열이 함께 발생하여 경량합금(알루미늄 합금)과 철강재료(스테인리스강)의 충분한 소성유동을 일으켜 이종소재를 용이하게 접합할 수 있다.According to the present invention, when joining a dissimilar material of a light alloy (aluminum alloy) and a steel material (stainless steel), the heat of friction generated by the rotation of the tool for friction stir welding is performed by preheating the tag to the steel material (stainless steel) joint. It can occur together and cause sufficient plastic flow of light alloy (aluminum alloy) and steel material (stainless steel), so that different materials can be easily joined.

또한, 티그 예열을 실시함으로써 경도가 높은 금속의 소성교반을 양호하게 할 수 있으며 취약한 합금상을 억제하여 건전한 접합부를 얻을 수 있는 효과가 있다.In addition, by performing preheating of the TG, it is possible to improve the plastic stirring of the metal with high hardness and to suppress the weak alloy phase to obtain a healthy joint.

그리고, 철강재료(스테인리스강) 접합부 측에 티그 예열을 실시함으로 소성변형과 재결정 온도에 이를 수 있으므로 탈락된 스테인리스강의 입자가 알루미늄 측으로 이동 분포하는 것을 억제하여 이종 접합부의 접합성능을 향상시킬 수 있는 효과가 있다.In addition, by preheating the TIG to the side of the steel material (stainless steel), plastic deformation and recrystallization temperature can be reached, thereby preventing the movement of the dropped stainless steel particles from distributing to the aluminum side, thereby improving the bonding performance of the dissimilar joint. There is.

또한, 이종 접합부의 인장강도를 향상시킬 수 있으며 접합부의 취성 파괴 양상을 억제할 수 있는 효과가 있다.In addition, the tensile strength of the heterojunction can be improved and the brittle fracture of the joint can be suppressed.

아울러, 마찰 교반 접합용 공구의 마모를 줄일 수 있고 마찰 교반 접합 속도 를 향상시켜 생산성을 높일 수 있는 효과가 있다.In addition, it is possible to reduce the wear of the friction stir welding tool and to increase the productivity by improving the friction stir welding speed.

이하에서는, 첨부도면을 참고하여 본 발명에 따른 바람직한 실시예를 보다 상세하게 설명하기로 한다.Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail a preferred embodiment according to the present invention.

도 1은 본 발명 실시예에 따른 하이브리드 마찰 교반 접합장치를 도시한 개략적인 구성도이고, 도 2는 본 발명에 따른 이종재료 하이브리드 마찰 교반 접합장치의 측면도이며, 도 3은 본 발명에 따른 이종재료 하이브리드 마찰 교반 접합장치로 접합된 이종재료의 단면도이고, 도 4는 용접 접합부의 인장특성 그래프로서, 기존과 본 발명을 비교하여 보인 도면이다.1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a hybrid friction stir welding device according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a side view of a hybrid friction stir welding device according to the invention, Figure 3 is a dissimilar material according to the present invention 4 is a cross-sectional view of a dissimilar material bonded by a hybrid friction stir welding device, and FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating tensile characteristics of a weld joint, comparing the present invention with the conventional one.

먼저, 도 1에 도시된 바와 같이, 본 발명에 따른 하이브리드 마찰 교반 접합장치(100)는 접합 대상인 이종 모재와, 상기 이종 모재에 맞닿아 회전하면서 접합을 행하는 마찰 교반 접합용 공구(104), 이종 접합부 중 철강재료(스테인리스강)를 예열시키는 티그토치(106)를 포함한다.First, as shown in Figure 1, the hybrid friction stir welding device 100 according to the present invention is a friction stir welding tool 104, the heterogeneous base material to be bonded, and the bonding while rotating in contact with the heterogeneous base material, heterogeneous Tig torch 106 for preheating the steel material (stainless steel) in the joint portion is included.

이때, 상기 이종 모재는 서로 맞닿아 접합부(103)를 형성하며, 철강재료(스테인리스강)로 이루어진 제1모재(101)와, 경량합금(알루미늄 합금)으로 이루어진 제2모재(102)로 이루어진다.At this time, the dissimilar base material is in contact with each other to form a joint 103, a first base material 101 made of a steel material (stainless steel) and a second base material 102 made of a light alloy (aluminum alloy).

이 경우, 상기 이종 모재는 스테인리스강과 알루미늄 합금강을 제1,2모재(101,102)로 한정하여 예시적으로 설명하고 있으나, 이는 바람직한 실시예의 설명을 위한 것으로 이들 모재가 반드시 상기 재료로 제한되는 것은 아니며 다른 경량합금과 다른 철강 재료로 이루어질 수도 있다.In this case, the heterogeneous base material is exemplarily described by limiting the stainless steel and the aluminum alloy steel to the first and second base materials 101 and 102, but this is for the purpose of describing the preferred embodiment, and these base materials are not necessarily limited to the above materials. It may be made of light alloy and other steel materials.

그리고, 상기 마찰 교반 접합용 공구(104)는 마찰 교반 접합장치(100)의 스핀들(105)에 고정되고, 상기 스핀들(105)은 구동모터(110)에 구동축으로 연결되어 회전수를 설정할 수 있다.In addition, the friction stir welding tool 104 is fixed to the spindle 105 of the friction stir welding device 100, the spindle 105 may be connected to the drive motor 110 by a drive shaft to set the rotation speed. .

한편, 상기 마찰 교반 접합용 공구(104)는 내열성과 내마모성이 우수하고 경도가 우수한 초경합금강으로 제작되며, 이에 상응하는 다른 특수합금강을 사용할 수도 있다.On the other hand, the friction stir welding tool 104 is made of cemented carbide with excellent heat resistance and wear resistance and excellent hardness, it is also possible to use other special alloy steel corresponding thereto.

또한, 상기 구동모터(110)에 의해 회전하는 마찰 교반 접합용 공구(104)는 이종재료의 접합부(103) 중 연질인 경량합금(알루미늄 합금), 즉 제2모재(102) 부분에 삽입되어 역회전 방향으로 회전하며 마찰열을 발생시켜 이종재료 접합부를 소성교반시켜 접합을 시행한다.In addition, the friction stir welding tool 104 that is rotated by the drive motor 110 is inserted into a soft light alloy (aluminum alloy), that is, the second base material 102 part of the joint portion 103 of the dissimilar material is reversed Rotate in the direction of rotation to generate frictional heat and plastically stir the dissimilar material joint.

다른 한편, 본 발명에 따른 이종재료 하이브리드 마찰 교반 접합장치(100)는 도 1 및 도 2에 도시된 바와 같이, 티그 예열수단을 포함하는데 상기 티그 예열수단은 아크를 발생시키는 티그토치(106), 티그토치(106)의 좌표를 설정할 수 있는 지그(107), 티그 예열부를 대기로부터 보호하기 위한 보호가스(불활성가스), 전류를 발생시키는 티그 용접기 본체(도면부호 미병기)를 포함한다.On the other hand, the heterogeneous material hybrid friction stir welding device 100 according to the present invention, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, includes a preheating means for the tag preheating means to generate a arc torch 106, A jig 107 capable of setting the coordinates of the tag torch 106 includes a protective gas (inert gas) for protecting the tag preheating unit from the atmosphere, and a main body of a tag welder (not shown) for generating an electric current.

이때, 상기 티그토치(106)의 좌표를 설정하기 위한 지그(107)는 X축, Y축, Z축의 거리를 조절할 수 있는 게이지를 포함한다.At this time, the jig 107 for setting the coordinates of the tag torch 106 includes a gauge that can adjust the distance of the X-axis, Y-axis, Z-axis.

여기에서, 도면번호 "108"은 "X축 좌표 설정 게이지", "109"는 "Y축 좌표 설정 게이지"를 나타내며, 도시상 Z축 좌표 설정 게이지는 나타나 있지 않다.Here, reference numeral "108" denotes "X-axis coordinate setting gauge", "109" denotes "Y-axis coordinate setting gauge", and the Z-axis coordinate setting gauge in the city is not shown.

그리고, 상기 티그 용접기 본체는 재료의 두께와 형상에 따라 전류를 조절할 수 있으며, 보호가스는 아르곤(Argon), 헬륨(Helium) 또는 아르곤과 헬륨이 혼합된 가스 중 어느 하나를 접합 조건에 따라 사용할 수 있다.In addition, the TIG welder main body may adjust the current according to the thickness and shape of the material, the protective gas may be any one of argon (Argon), helium (Helium) or a gas mixed with argon and helium depending on the bonding conditions. have.

뿐만 아니라, 상기 보호가스의 유량을 조절하는 게이지도 포함한다.In addition, it includes a gauge for adjusting the flow rate of the protective gas.

이러한 구성으로 이루어진 본 발명에 따른 장치를 이용한 접합방법은 다음과 같다.Bonding method using a device according to the invention made in this configuration is as follows.

먼저, 접합할 이종 모재인 경량합금(알루미늄 합금), 즉 제2모재(102)와, 철강재료(스테인리스강)인 제1모재(101)를 서로 맞닿게 설치하여 고정하고, 상기 마찰 교반 접합용 공구(104)의 핀 부분을 도 2와 같이 접합부(103) 중 대부분 제2모재(102) 측 위에 위치시키되 핀의 약 1mm 정도만 제1모재(101) 측에 위치시킨다.First, a light alloy (aluminum alloy), that is, a heterogeneous base material to be joined, that is, a second base material 102 and a first base material 101, which is a steel material (stainless steel), is installed to be in contact with each other and fixed. Most of the pin portion of the tool 104 is positioned on the second base material 102 side of the joint 103 as shown in FIG. 2, but only about 1 mm of the pin is positioned on the first base material 101 side.

그리고, 상기 접합부(103) 중 제1모재(101)측을 예열할 티그토치(106)를 위치시키되, 상기 티그토치(106)는 상기 마찰 교반 접합용 공구(104)의 선행부에 위치시켜야 한다.And, the position of the tag torch 106 to preheat the first base material 101 side of the joint portion 103, the tag torch 106 should be located in front of the tool for friction stir welding 104. .

이어, 상기 마찰 교반 접합용 공구(104)를 역회전 방향으로 회전시키면서 이종재료와 맞닿게 하여 마찰열을 발생시키고, 티그토치(106)는 철강재료(스테인리스강) 측인 제1모재(101)측 예열을 실시하며, 접합부(103)를 따라 이송되면서 접합하게 된다. Subsequently, the friction stir welding tool 104 is brought into contact with the dissimilar material while being rotated in the reverse rotation direction, thereby generating friction heat, and the tig torch 106 is preheated on the first base material 101 side of the steel material (stainless steel). It is carried out, and bonded while being transported along the junction 103.

이때, 상기 티그토치(106)가 선행하여 이종재료 접합부(103) 중 철강재료(스테인리스강) 측인 제1모재(101)측을 예열함으로써 마찰 교반 접합용 공구(104)의 회전으로 인하여 발생하는 마찰열과 함께 경량합금(알루미늄 합금)과 철강재료(스테인리스강)가 용이하게 소성유동을 일으키게 하고 대등한 온도분포를 형성하게 하 여 접합하게 된다.At this time, the heat of friction generated by the rotation of the friction stir welding tool 104 by the preheating of the first base material 101 side of the steel material (stainless steel) of the dissimilar material joint portion 103 in advance. In addition, the light alloy (aluminum alloy) and the steel material (stainless steel) are easily joined to cause plastic flow and to form an equivalent temperature distribution.

여기에서, 서로 맞닿는 상기 이종 모재는 철강재료(스테인리스강)로 이루어진 제1모재가 어드밴싱 사이드(Advancing Side)에 위치하고, 경량합금(알루미늄 합금)으로 이루어진 제2모재가 리트리팅 사이드(Retreating side)에 위치하는 형태임이 바람직하다.Here, the heterogeneous base material which is in contact with each other is a first base material made of a steel material (stainless steel) is located on the advanced side (Advancing Side), the second base material made of a light alloy (aluminum alloy) is a retreating side It is preferable that the form is located at).

도 3은 상기와 같은 하이브리드 마찰 교반 접합장치를 이용하여 이종재료(알루미늄 합금과 스테인리스강) 하이브리드 마찰 교반 접합을 실시한 이종재료의 접합부 단면을 나타낸 것으로, 접합부(103)에 균열, 기공 및 금속간 화합물이 거의 발생되지 않았으며 건전한 접합부(103)를 얻을 수 있었다.3 is a cross-sectional view of the joint portion of the dissimilar material subjected to the hybrid friction stir welding of the dissimilar material (aluminum alloy and stainless steel) using the hybrid friction stir welding device as described above. This hardly occurred, and a healthy joint 103 was obtained.

또한, 도 4에 나타낸 바와 같이, 상기 이종재료를 종래의 마찰 교반 접합을 시행하여 접합할 경우 접합부의 인장강도가 경량합금(알루미늄 합금) 인장강도의 평균 60~70%의 값을 보이는 반면, 본 발명에 따른 하이브리드 마찰 교반 접합장치를 이용하여 접합할 경우 접합부(103)의 인장강도는 경량합금(알루미늄 합금) 인장강도의 평균 80~90%의 우수한 접합 특성을 얻을 수 있었다.In addition, as shown in Figure 4, when the dissimilar material is subjected to conventional friction stir welding, the tensile strength of the joint shows an average value of 60 to 70% of the light alloy (aluminum alloy) tensile strength, In the case of using the hybrid friction stir welding device according to the present invention, the tensile strength of the joint 103 was excellent in that the average bonding strength of 80 to 90% of the light alloy (aluminum alloy) tensile strength was obtained.

뿐만 아니라, 이종재료 접합부의 인장 파괴양상의 경우에도 도 4에서와 같이, 종래의 마찰 교반 접합을 시행한 접합부는 취성 파괴 양상을 보인 반면, 본 발명에 따른 하이브리드 마찰 교반 접합장치를 이용하여 접합한 접합부는 연성 파괴 양상을 보임으로써 우수한 접합부를 얻을 수 있었다.In addition, even in the case of the tensile failure pattern of the dissimilar material joint portion, as shown in Figure 4, while the conventional friction stir welding joint shows a brittle fracture aspect, it was bonded using a hybrid friction stir welding device according to the present invention The joints were able to obtain excellent joints by showing a soft fracture pattern.

이상에서와 같이, 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예에 대하여 설명하였지만, 본 발명은 이에 한정되는 것이 아니고 특허 청구범위와 발명의 상세한 설명 및 첨부한 도면의 범위 안에서 여러 가지로 변형하여 실시하는 것이 가능하고 이 또한 본 발명의 범위에 속하는 것은 당연하다.As described above, the preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications and changes can be made within the scope of the claims and the detailed description of the invention and the accompanying drawings. In addition, it is natural that it belongs to the scope of the present invention.

도 1은 본 발명에 따른 이종재료 하이브리드 마찰 교반 접합장치의 구성도.1 is a block diagram of a heterogeneous hybrid friction stir welding device according to the present invention.

도 2는 본 발명에 따른 이종재료 하이브리드 마찰 교반 접합장치의 측면도.Figure 2 is a side view of a heterogeneous hybrid friction stir welding device according to the present invention.

도 3은 본 발명에 따른 이종재료 하이브리드 마찰 교반 접합장치로 접합된 이종재료의 단면도.Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a dissimilar material bonded with a dissimilar material hybrid friction stir welding device according to the present invention.

도 4는 용접 접합부의 인장특성 그래프로서, 기존과 본 발명을 비교하여 보인 도면.Figure 4 is a graph showing the tensile properties of the weld joint, comparing the conventional and the present invention.

♧ 도면의 주요 부분에 대한 부호의 설명 ♧♧ description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawing ♧

100 : 하이브리드 마찰 교반 접합장치100: hybrid friction stir welding device

101 : 제1모재 102 : 제2모재101: first base material 102: second base material

103 : 접합부 104 : 마찰 교반 접합용 공구103: joining portion 104: friction stir welding tool

105 : 스핀들 106 : 티그토치105: Spindle 106: Tig Torch

107 : 지그 108 : X축 좌표 설정 게이지107: jig 108: X-axis coordinate setting gauge

109 : Y축 좌표 설정 게이지 110 : 구동모터109: Y-axis coordinate setting gauge 110: drive motor

Claims (10)

삭제delete 삭제delete 삭제delete 삭제delete 삭제delete 삭제delete 삭제delete 이종모재를 서로 맞닿게 하여 형성된 접합부에 맞닿아 회전하면서 마찰열을 발생시키는 마찰 교반 접합용 공구와, 상기 접합부에 예열을 실시하는 티그 예열수단을 포함하는 마찰 교반 접합장치에서, 상기 이종모재는 철계합금인 스테인리스강과 알루미늄 합금이고; 상기 티그 예열수단은 접합부를 예열시키기 위해 아크를 발생시키는 티크토치, 전류를 발생시키는 티그 용접기 본체, 티그 예열부를 대기로부터 보호하기 위해 분출시키는 아르곤, 헬륨 또는 아르곤과 헬륨의 혼합된 가스 중 어느 하나인 보호가스를 포함하며; 상기 마찰 교반 접합용 공구의 핀은 대부분 알루미늄 합금 측에 위치하되 1mm 이하만 스테인리스강 측에 위치되도록 배치한 상태에서 역회전되게 설치되고; 상기 티그 예열수단은 스테인리스강 측에 위치하되 마찰 교반 접합용 공구 보다 선행부에 위치되는 하이브리드 마찰 교반 접합장치에 있어서;In a friction stir welding device comprising a friction stir welding tool which generates friction heat while rotating by contacting a dissimilar base material to be joined to each other, and a preheating means for preheating the joint part, the dissimilar base material is an iron-based alloy. Phosphorous stainless steel and aluminum alloy; The TIG preheating means may be any one of a teak torch that generates an arc to preheat the joint, a TIG welder body that generates an electric current, and an argon, helium or a mixed gas of argon and helium that ejects the TIG preheater to protect the atmosphere. A protective gas; Most of the pins of the friction stir welding tool are located on the aluminum alloy side, but are installed to be reversely rotated with only 1 mm or less positioned on the stainless steel side; The TIG preheating means is a hybrid friction stir welding device located on the stainless steel side, but located in front of the friction stir welding tool; 상기 티그 예열수단은 접합부에 닿는 위치와 마찰 교반 접합용 공구의 선행 위치에 따른 좌표를 설정할 수 있는 X,Y,Z축 좌표 설정 지그를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 하이브리드 마찰 교반 접합장치.The TIG preheating means is a hybrid friction stir welding device further comprises an X, Y, Z-axis coordinate setting jig that can set the coordinates according to the position in contact with the joint and the preceding position of the friction stir welding tool. 삭제delete 삭제delete
KR1020090107348A 2009-11-09 2009-11-09 Friction stir welding with tungsten inert gas welding type hybrid welding apparatus KR101007592B1 (en)

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Cited By (7)

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CN108637505A (en) * 2018-05-20 2018-10-12 北京工业大学 A kind of asymmetric argon tungsten-arc welding preheating-stirring friction composition welding method
CN110814506A (en) * 2018-08-14 2020-02-21 江苏海装金属成型科技有限公司 Automatic high-strength large aluminum alloy welding method
CN111673263A (en) * 2020-05-11 2020-09-18 首钢集团有限公司 Friction stir welding method for ultrahigh-strength steel and aluminum alloy
CN112743249A (en) * 2020-12-24 2021-05-04 西南交通大学 Method and system for stirring and strengthening welding seam of composite layer based on electric arc melting of base material
CN112917000A (en) * 2021-03-31 2021-06-08 西南交通大学 Friction stir welding system and method based on phase change temperature control
CN113245688A (en) * 2021-06-22 2021-08-13 宁波齐云新材料技术有限公司 Friction stirring head special for low-carbon alloy steel
CN113523627A (en) * 2021-09-17 2021-10-22 江苏新恒基特种装备股份有限公司 Additive manufacturing temperature measurement and control device, system and method

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US7078647B2 (en) * 2004-10-21 2006-07-18 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Arc-enhanced friction stir welding
US20070078647A1 (en) * 2005-09-30 2007-04-05 Pavlov Peter M Method and system for suppressing receiver audio regeneration
EP1844890A1 (en) 2006-04-13 2007-10-17 Mazda Motor Corporation Friction stirring welding method and apparatus for joining a plated metal member to another metal member with preheating the plating before stir welding
KR100866631B1 (en) 2007-04-19 2008-11-04 (주)일진에너지 Method for Welding Specialty Metals of Specific Materal

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US7078647B2 (en) * 2004-10-21 2006-07-18 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Arc-enhanced friction stir welding
US20070078647A1 (en) * 2005-09-30 2007-04-05 Pavlov Peter M Method and system for suppressing receiver audio regeneration
EP1844890A1 (en) 2006-04-13 2007-10-17 Mazda Motor Corporation Friction stirring welding method and apparatus for joining a plated metal member to another metal member with preheating the plating before stir welding
KR100866631B1 (en) 2007-04-19 2008-11-04 (주)일진에너지 Method for Welding Specialty Metals of Specific Materal

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108637505A (en) * 2018-05-20 2018-10-12 北京工业大学 A kind of asymmetric argon tungsten-arc welding preheating-stirring friction composition welding method
CN110814506A (en) * 2018-08-14 2020-02-21 江苏海装金属成型科技有限公司 Automatic high-strength large aluminum alloy welding method
CN111673263A (en) * 2020-05-11 2020-09-18 首钢集团有限公司 Friction stir welding method for ultrahigh-strength steel and aluminum alloy
CN112743249A (en) * 2020-12-24 2021-05-04 西南交通大学 Method and system for stirring and strengthening welding seam of composite layer based on electric arc melting of base material
CN112917000A (en) * 2021-03-31 2021-06-08 西南交通大学 Friction stir welding system and method based on phase change temperature control
CN113245688A (en) * 2021-06-22 2021-08-13 宁波齐云新材料技术有限公司 Friction stirring head special for low-carbon alloy steel
CN113245688B (en) * 2021-06-22 2021-11-02 宁波齐云新材料技术有限公司 Friction stirring head special for low-carbon steel
CN113523627A (en) * 2021-09-17 2021-10-22 江苏新恒基特种装备股份有限公司 Additive manufacturing temperature measurement and control device, system and method
CN113523627B (en) * 2021-09-17 2021-12-10 江苏新恒基特种装备股份有限公司 Additive manufacturing temperature measurement and control device, system and method

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