CN106583915A - Novel linear friction welding method and tool - Google Patents
Novel linear friction welding method and tool Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106583915A CN106583915A CN201611254604.4A CN201611254604A CN106583915A CN 106583915 A CN106583915 A CN 106583915A CN 201611254604 A CN201611254604 A CN 201611254604A CN 106583915 A CN106583915 A CN 106583915A
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- welding
- welded
- workpiece
- friction
- soldering appliance
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
- B23K20/125—Rotary tool drive mechanism
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
- B23K20/1255—Tools therefor, e.g. characterised by the shape of the probe
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel linear friction welding method and a tool. The novel linear friction welding method comprises the following steps: placing a friction rod of the welding tool at a part to be welded, of a workpiece to be welded; generating heat with the workpiece to be welded by friction through the vertical vibration of the friction rod of the welding tool and a feeding speed in a welding direction, enabling the part located at the part to be welded, of the workpiece to be welded, to achieve a plasticized state, and enabling the plasticized material to move backwards from the forward moving direction of the friction rod; realizing forging for the plasticized material during a reciprocating vibration process of the upper shoulder part and the lower shoulder part of the welding tool, and realizing connection for the plasticized material under the action of a lateral pressure of a clamp; and finally realizing solid-phase connection for the workpiece to be welded. Through the novel linear friction welding method and the tool, which are disclosed by the invention, the heat input amount of a welding area can be greatly reduced, the residual stress of a welding joint can be reduced, and the deformation amount of a weldment can be reduced; the included angle between the welding tool and the welded part can be adjusted in a large range, and zero included angle between the welding tool and the normal line of a welding surface can also be ensured; welding for weldments with an equal thickness or unequal thicknesses and horizontally two-dimensional or space curve welding can be conveniently realized; and no-thinning welding for a connector can also be realized, thus the welding efficiency is remarkably increased.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to welding technology field, is specifically related to a kind of suitable for of the same race or xenogenesis thermoplastic company
Connect, be particularly suited for the novel linear friction welding method and instrument of the thermoplastic connection of plane or space curve welding seam.
Background technology
Friction welding is the welding method of 20th century invention, belongs to solid phase joining technique, including linear friction welding, inertia rub
Wipe weldering and agitating friction weldering, wherein agitating friction weldering（Friction Stir Welding, abbreviation FSW）It it is 1991 by Britain
Institute of welding（The Welding Institute）Invention.Linear friction welding is by two kinds of part to be welded directly contacts, in auxiliary
Make weld material that the solid diffusivity of thermoplastic is realized under friction heat effect under the effect of equipment Continuous Drive.Agitating friction
Weldering is to use stirring-head as friction media, in welding process, using the stirring-head insertion to-be-welded region of high speed rotation, profit
The heat produced with the friction between stirring-head and workpiece and severe plastic deformation, makes the material to be welded in stirring region in heat
Mecystasis simultaneously makes it tend to fusing, and when mixing needle penetrates completely workpiece and the shaft shoulder touches surface of the work, stirring-head stops
Only axially-movable and start along bead direction move, mixing needle and the shaft shoulder treat wlding material friction, stirring and forge and press make
With the joint of lower formation solid phase link, the primary structure of stirring-head is including grip shank（The connecting portion of stirring-head and dynamical system
Point）, the shaft shoulder and mixing needle.At present world's Main Developed Countries are all in the R＆D work for being engaged in friction welding field, and the technology is outstanding
It is applied to the fields such as space flight and aviation, ship, track traffic, automobile.Because friction welding (FW) is under the fusion temperature less than material
Realize that connection, not up to material to be welded and molten state, therefore postwelding weld contraction deform little, mechanical property and lose low, low
There is protrusion during melting alloy, especially Welded.
Linear friction welding and agitating friction weldering are applied in industrial production, but there is also some problems.Linear friction welding
Needing constantly to be extruded frictional interface thermoplastic in welding process could realize welding, and this is accomplished by butt-welding fitting joint
Reprocessed at place.Additionally, linear friction welding is butt-welding fitting applies motion, frictional interface is set to produce hot plasticized metal solid to realize
It is connected, therefore is only applicable to the welding compared with small workpiece, is not suitable for big weldment, the welding of long weld seam.
Agitating friction weldering is to make weld zone material reach hot plastic state by stirring tool, needs to stir in welding process
The angle of 1～3 ° of head and weld seam holding is mixed, needs to adjust the incline direction of stirring-head when welding in planar or space curve
Welding could be realized, the requirement to equipment is higher.And there is certain intrusion, postwelding weldering due to welding inclination angle and stirring-head
There is certain Reducing thickness in seam, and this is easily caused strength of welded joint less than actual value.Secondly, affected by the stirring-head shaft shoulder,
Agitating friction weldering is not suitable for the welding of not uniform thickness material.Further, since the heat that shaft shoulder rotation is produced is larger, postwelding workpiece still has
Certain deflection.
The content of the invention
Present invention aims to above-mentioned existing problems and deficiency, there is provided a kind of simple structure, safe and reliable,
Achievable aclinal and non-trimming friction welding (FW), conveniently realize the welding of plane or space curve, greatly improve the new of welding efficiency
Linear friction welding method and instrument.
The technical scheme is that what is be achieved in that：
Novel linear friction welding method of the present invention, is characterized in comprising the following steps：
Step one：Soldering appliance is connected on the power set of welding equipment by its grip shank；
Step 2：Workpiece to be welded is fixed on fixture, and the friction lever of soldering appliance is placed in into the to be welded of workpiece to be welded
Place；
Step 3：Start welding equipment, the power set of welding equipment make soldering appliance along welding direction move while work on
Lower vibration, the up-down vibration by friction lever on soldering appliance and the feed speed along welding direction and with friction of workpiece to be welded
Heat is produced, workpiece to be welded is located in friction area and is reached plastifying state, and the material after plastifying is by the advance side of friction lever
To being moved rearwards by, while realizing to weld seam plastifying material during the upper shoulder of soldering appliance and the up-down vibration of lower shoulder
Forging and stamping, and the fusion of the material after plasticizing is realized in the presence of fixture lateral pressure, the solid phase for finally realizing workpiece to be welded connects
Connect.
Wherein, the length of the friction lever is equal to the thickness sum of amplitude and workpiece to be welded.
The friction lever both can it is vertical with the tangent line at the place to be welded of workpiece to be welded with realize aclinal weld, it is also possible to
The tangent line at the place to be welded of workpiece to be welded keeps certain inclination angle.And, when using aclinal welding plane two dimension weld seam, in weldering
Seam turning need not adjust the angle of friction lever；When space curve welding seam is welded using aclinal, only need to by friction lever with
The normal direction keeping parallelism at place to be welded.
When workpiece to be welded is the not uneven weldment of uniform thickness or thickness change, both can by the upper shoulder of soldering appliance and
Lower shoulder is provided with certain inclination angle, it is also possible to be designed to corresponding construction to adapt to treat by the upper shoulder of soldering appliance and lower shoulder
The thickness change of welder's part.
The material of the workpiece to be welded both can be homogeneity, or heterogeneous.
Novel linear friction welding tool of the present invention, including soldering appliance body, are characterized in：The Welder
Tool body includes grip shank, upper shoulder, friction lever and lower shoulder, wherein the friction lever is fixedly connected on shoulder with lower shoulder
Between, the lower end of the grip shank is fixedly connected on the top surface of shoulder, and the soldering appliance body is by grip shank and weldering
Connect the power set connection of equipment and make upper and lower while the drive lower edge welding direction of the power set of welding equipment is moved
Vibration.
Wherein, the shape of cross section of the friction lever is circular, square, oval or streamlined.
Streamlined groove is provided with the rubbing surface of the friction lever.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the advantage that：
The present invention due to using inserted at the interface of workpiece to be welded by grip shank, on shoulder, friction lever and lower shoulder group
Into method of the soldering appliance to realize welding, transport by the motion of the high-frequency reciprocating of soldering appliance and along the feeding of welding direction
It is dynamic to produce heat heat with friction of workpiece to be welded, make material of the workpiece to be welded at place to be welded reach plastifying state, and the material after plastifying
Fully merge under the forging and stamping of the upper and lower shoulder of soldering appliance, and the lateral pressure effect of fixture, so as to realize the steady of joint
Fixed welding, is so not only advantageous to improve speed of welding and welding quality, and soldering appliance is friction lever and workpiece to be welded
Rub, shoulder only carries out forging and stamping effect, therefore heat input is relatively low, the heated effluent field of weldment joint is also corresponding less,
So as to advantageously reducing weld residual stress and reducing the deflection of weldment, at the same soldering appliance and weld angle can carry out compared with
On a large scale adjustment, can also make the angle of normal zero of soldering appliance and face of weld, so as to can conveniently realize uniform thickness or
The welding of thick weldment and the welding of planar or space curve construction joint, but also adjustment soldering appliance can be passed through
Shoulder shape, with smoothly realize joint without thinning welding, so as to being obviously improved welding efficiency and improving strength of joint.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is further illustrated.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the main structure diagram of soldering appliance scheme one of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the use state main structure diagram of soldering appliance scheme one of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the use state overlooking the structure diagram of soldering appliance scheme one of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the use state main structure diagram of soldering appliance scheme two of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the use state left view structural representation of soldering appliance scheme two of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of friction lever scheme one of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of friction lever scheme two of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of friction lever scheme three of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
As Figure 1-Figure 8, novel linear friction welding tool of the present invention, including soldering appliance body, it is described
Soldering appliance body includes grip shank 2, upper shoulder 3, friction lever 4 and lower shoulder 6, wherein the friction lever 4 is fixedly connected on
Between shoulder 3 and lower shoulder 6, the lower end of the grip shank 2 is fixedly connected on the top surface of shoulder 3, the soldering appliance sheet
Body be connected with the power set of welding equipment by grip shank 2 and power set in welding equipment drive lower edge welding direction
Make up-down vibration while mobile, direction of vibration is as shown in reference 1.Wherein, the shape of cross section of the friction lever 4 can be with
For circular, square, oval, streamlined or other geometries；Circle is illustrated in figure 6, ellipse is illustrated in figure 7, such as
Fig. 8 show streamlined；Material after being conducive to plastifying using streamline structure by soldering appliance front side side shifting backward, from
And promote weld seam to form high-quality joint.Additionally, supplemental characteristic structure can be added to the friction lever 4 of soldering appliance, for example, exist
Streamlined groove is provided with the rubbing surface of friction lever 4（Not shown in figure）, can be controlled after plasticizing by streamlined groove
The flow tendency of material and adjust its flow regime.In addition, the length of the friction lever 4 is equal to amplitude and workpiece to be welded 5
Thickness sum.When the uniform workpiece 5 to be welded of throat thickness, the length of usual friction lever 4 is thickness of slab and amplitude sum, for example：
The thickness of welded blank is 5mm, and the amplitude of instrument is 3mm, then the length of friction lever 4 is 8mm, and wherein Oscillation Amplitude and frequency can
To be adjusted according to the change such as material classification, thickness, but it is fully contacted need to the shoulder of soldering appliance and surface of the work, to protect
Card shoulder realizes the effect of forging and stamping.
Welded by soldering appliance of the present invention：
First, soldering appliance is connected on the power set of welding equipment by its grip shank 2；
Secondly, workpiece to be welded 5 is fixed on fixture, and the friction lever 4 of soldering appliance is placed in into the to be welded of workpiece to be welded 5
Place；
Subsequently, start welding equipment, the power set of welding equipment make soldering appliance along welding direction moves forward while work
Up-down vibration, is rubbed by the up-down vibration of the friction lever 4 of soldering appliance and the feed speed along welding direction with workpiece to be welded 5
Wipe and produce heat, make the region that workpiece to be welded 5 is located at place to be welded reach plastifying state, and the material after plastifying by friction lever 4
Direction of advance is moved rearwards by, while realizing moulding weld seam during the upper shoulder 3 of soldering appliance and the up-down vibration of lower shoulder 6
Change the forging and stamping of material, and the fusion of the material after plasticizing is realized in the presence of fixture lateral pressure, finally realize workpiece to be welded 5
Solid diffusivity, and the vibration frequency and feed speed of friction lever 4 can be according to factors such as the material of workpiece to be welded 5, thickness
It is adjusted correspondingly, as long as plastifying state can be reached i.e. after ensureing the friction of the rubbed bar 4 in place to be welded of workpiece to be welded 5
Can.
And, friction lever 4 both can be vertical with the tangent line at the place to be welded of workpiece to be welded 5 to realize that aclinal is welded, and also may be used
To keep certain inclination angle with the tangent line at the place to be welded of workpiece to be welded 5.Specifically, when by the way of being welded using aclinal, it is
It is plumbness by the angle adjustment of soldering appliance and workpiece weld to be welded, makes the shoulder plane and workpiece to be welded of soldering appliance
Plate face it is parallel, in welding process move up and down soldering appliance material can be driven to be backfilled in weld seam 7（As shown in Figure 3）, and
The plastifying material of face of weld is backfilled to weld seam under the forging and stamping effect of shoulder, so as to realize aclinic friction welding, so
The welding efficiency of planar-two-dimensional weld seam mixing be can increase substantially, and the welding of space curve welding seam, and welding plane are easily achieved
During two-dimentional weld seam, at weld seam turning the angle of friction lever 4 need not be adjusted；During welding space curve welding seam, only will need to rub
The normal direction keeping parallelism at bar 4 and place to be welded.
When workpiece to be welded 5 for not uniform thickness or thickness change uneven weldment when, because the shoulder of soldering appliance is not involved in
The friction plasticizing process of material, only serves forging and stamping effect, therefore the upper shoulder 3 of soldering appliance and lower shoulder 6 can be designed to into tool
There are the structure at certain inclination angle, the i.e. shaft shoulder and treat welding plate at an angle, the plastifying material for making thicker side is filled to thickness of slab difference
In gap, so as to realize seamlessly transitting between unequal thickness plate.The shoulder slope of soldering appliance can suitably be adjusted according to thickness of slab difference,
Material after to ensure plasticizing is sufficiently filled to connector area, so as to the zero defect for realizing joint is welded.In addition it is also possible to will welding
The upper shoulder 3 of instrument and lower shoulder 6 are arranged to the structure of shoulder not uniform thickness to adapt to the thickness change of workpiece to be welded 5.
Additionally, by soldering appliance of the present invention and welding method, can both realize the weldering of homogeneity workpiece 5 to be welded
Connect, it is also possible to realize the welding of heterogeneous workpiece to be welded 5.
The present invention is described by embodiment, but is not limited the invention, with reference to description of the invention, institute
Other changes of disclosed embodiment, such as the professional person of this area is readily apparent that, such change should belong to
Within the scope of the claims in the present invention are limited.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of novel linear friction welding method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step one：Soldering appliance is passed through into its grip shank（2）It is connected on the power set of welding equipment；
Step 2：By workpiece to be welded（5）It is fixed on fixture, and by the friction lever of soldering appliance（4）It is placed in workpiece to be welded
（5）Place to be welded；
Step 3：Start welding equipment, the power set of welding equipment make soldering appliance along welding direction move forward while
Make up-down vibration, by the friction lever of soldering appliance（4）Up-down vibration and along welding direction feed speed and with it is to be welded
Workpiece（5）Frictional heat, makes workpiece to be welded（5）Plastifying state is reached positioned at the position at place to be welded, and the material after plastifying is by rubbing
Pole（4）Direction of advance be moved rearwards by, while in the upper shoulder of soldering appliance（3）With lower shoulder（6）Up-down vibration process
Forging and stamping of the middle realization to weld seam plastifying material, and the fusion of the material after plasticizing is realized in the presence of fixture lateral pressure, most
Workpiece to be welded is realized eventually（5）Solid diffusivity.
2. novel linear friction welding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The friction lever（4）Length
Equal to amplitude and workpiece to be welded（5）Thickness sum.
3. novel linear friction welding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The friction lever（4）Both can be with
With workpiece to be welded（5）Place to be welded tangent line vertically with realize aclinal weld, it is also possible to workpiece to be welded（5）Place to be welded
Tangent line keeps certain inclination angle.
4. novel linear friction welding method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：When using aclinal welding plane
During two-dimentional weld seam, at weld seam turning friction lever need not be adjusted（4）Angle；When using aclinal welding space curve welding seam
When, only need to be by friction lever（4）With the normal direction keeping parallelism at place to be welded.
5. novel linear friction welding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：When workpiece to be welded（5）For
During the uneven weldment of thick or thickness change, both can be by the upper shoulder of soldering appliance（3）With lower shoulder（6）It is provided with certain
Inclination angle, it is also possible to by the upper shoulder of soldering appliance（3）With lower shoulder（6）It is designed to corresponding construction to adapt to workpiece to be welded（5）'s
Thickness change.
6. novel linear friction welding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The workpiece to be welded（5）Material
Material both can be homogeneity, or heterogeneous.
7. a kind of novel linear friction welding tool being applied in any of the above-described claim methods described, including soldering appliance
Body, it is characterised in that：The soldering appliance body includes grip shank（2）, upper shoulder（3）, friction lever（4）With lower shoulder（6）,
Wherein described friction lever（4）It is fixedly connected on shoulder（3）With lower shoulder（6）Between, the grip shank（2）Lower end fix connect
It is connected on shoulder（3）Top surface on, the soldering appliance body pass through grip shank（2）It is connected simultaneously with the power set of welding equipment
Make up-down vibration while the drive lower edge welding direction of the power set of welding equipment is moved.
8. novel linear friction welding tool according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：The friction lever（4）It is transversal
Face shape can be circular, square, oval or streamlined.
9. novel linear friction welding tool according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：The friction lever（4）Friction
Streamlined groove can be provided with face.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611254604.4A CN106583915A (en) | 2016-12-30 | 2016-12-30 | Novel linear friction welding method and tool |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611254604.4A CN106583915A (en) | 2016-12-30 | 2016-12-30 | Novel linear friction welding method and tool |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106583915A true CN106583915A (en) | 2017-04-26 |
Family
ID=58581426
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611254604.4A Pending CN106583915A (en) | 2016-12-30 | 2016-12-30 | Novel linear friction welding method and tool |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107030371A (en) * | 2017-05-20 | 2017-08-11 | 广东省焊接技术研究所（广东省中乌研究院） | A kind of novel static shaft shoulder friction stir welding tool |
| CN108115265A (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-06-05 | 宁波市协新机电科技有限公司 | A kind of friction welding apparatuses |
| CN108608111A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-10-02 | 航天工程装备（苏州）有限公司 | A kind of agitating friction weldering of the non-planar plate static shaft shoulder, preparation and welding method |
| CN109202263A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2019-01-15 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | A kind of linear friction welding method |
| CN109202268A (en) * | 2017-10-29 | 2019-01-15 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Linear friction welding method, aircraft grid beam welding method and its equipment |
| CN110756983A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-02-07 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳飞机设计研究所 | Method for manufacturing three-dimensional structure by linear friction welding |
| CN110977142A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-10 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Impact stirring friction welding device for connecting magnesium-aluminum alloy heterogeneous workpieces |
| CN114889140A (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-08-12 | 成都路宝工程材料有限公司 | Plastic-melting welding process method based on geogrid |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107030371A (en) * | 2017-05-20 | 2017-08-11 | 广东省焊接技术研究所（广东省中乌研究院） | A kind of novel static shaft shoulder friction stir welding tool |
| CN109202263A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2019-01-15 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | A kind of linear friction welding method |
| CN109202268A (en) * | 2017-10-29 | 2019-01-15 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Linear friction welding method, aircraft grid beam welding method and its equipment |
| CN108115265A (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-06-05 | 宁波市协新机电科技有限公司 | A kind of friction welding apparatuses |
| CN108115265B (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-12-18 | 浙江华港染织集团有限公司 | A kind of friction welding apparatuses |
| CN108608111A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-10-02 | 航天工程装备（苏州）有限公司 | A kind of agitating friction weldering of the non-planar plate static shaft shoulder, preparation and welding method |
| CN110756983A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-02-07 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳飞机设计研究所 | Method for manufacturing three-dimensional structure by linear friction welding |
| CN110977142A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-10 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Impact stirring friction welding device for connecting magnesium-aluminum alloy heterogeneous workpieces |
| CN114889140A (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-08-12 | 成都路宝工程材料有限公司 | Plastic-melting welding process method based on geogrid |
| CN114889140B (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2023-11-24 | 成都路宝工程材料有限公司 | Plastic-fusion welding process method based on geogrid |
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