CN106271028A - A kind of agitating friction girth welding connects the method for dissimilar metal - Google Patents
A kind of agitating friction girth welding connects the method for dissimilar metal Download PDFInfo
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- CN106271028A CN106271028A CN201610808837.8A CN201610808837A CN106271028A CN 106271028 A CN106271028 A CN 106271028A CN 201610808837 A CN201610808837 A CN 201610808837A CN 106271028 A CN106271028 A CN 106271028A
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- alloy
- agitating friction
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/22—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of method that agitating friction girth welding connects dissimilar metal.Its principle is to provide frictional heat and pressure by agitating friction welder, it is achieved the circumferential weld of alloy material connects.Specifically, design welding point, it is achieved form docking or overlap joint along circular weld between alloy material, then utilize fixture to fix material；Set the technological parameter of agitating friction welding, move by Digit Control Machine Tool instruction control instrument, insert material to be welded, then utilize fixture to control bar and rotate, it is achieved the firm connection of circular weld；It is sufficiently cooled after having welded, i.e. obtains bar or the tube connection piece of alloy material.The advantage of this technology: the circular weld realizing alloy material connects, and thermal deformation is little, and bond strength is high, it is possible to achieve automatization connects, it is achieved product lightweight and the purpose of functionalization.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to material engineering field, relate to a kind of side utilizing agitating friction welding technology circumferential weld connecting dissimilar material
Method.
Background technology
China is CO the most maximum2Discharge state, 2014 annual emissions more than 10,000,000,000 tons, the about U.S., European Union
With Japan's sum.How to reduce energy resource consumption, reduce CO2Discharge capacity, is global important topic.In China, transportation
Account for about the 6% of total release, but be as the fast development of automobile industry, it is contemplated that accounting will be substantially improved to 20～30%
Developed country's level.For automobile, the technological development promoting its fuel efficiency is extremely important, and vehicle lightweight is therein
One of important channel.Its core is exactly while ensureing automotive safety and performance, as much as possible utilizes light material, such as aluminum
Alloy, replaces or part replaces traditional ferrous materials component.
For realizing light-weighted purpose, need reliable combination technology to connect different materials, such as Al alloy and steel
Iron material.Traditional Metal Material Welding technology, such as melting welding, Laser Welding, friction welding (FW), electric resistance welding etc., in experimentation, meeting
Bring the problems such as high light, high heat, melt material and sputtering.Friction stir weld (FSW) is solid phase binding technology, connects temperature relatively
Low by (0.7～0.9Tm), and in heat input set, heat affected area is little, the least on substrate performance impact, the thermal stress of joint is relatively
Little, the 1/10 to 1/100 of interfacial reaction layer thickness generally tradition melting welding.This technology has bond strength height, low cost, energy consumption
Low, production efficiency advantages of higher, so the performance of connector is better than weldment.FSW is initially in order to solve Al alloy itself
Connect a difficult problem, be generalized to the field of dissimilar material connection of Al alloy and other materials.In patent
[2009100725043] and in [2011103893550], relate to the welding of dissimilar metal between Al alloy and refractory metal
Connect, but FSW technology is not extended to the occasion of 3D joint.Patent [2011102932030] achieves Al alloy with material it
Between 3D casing connect, but whether this technology is applicable to welding of Al alloy and other refractory metals, needs investigation.This
The bright three-dimensional cyclic for different metal materials Al/Fe bar, tubing or cavity connects provides solution.It it is noted that with same
Material connection procedure is different, in the case of the different material comprising ferrous materials combines, and low melting point Al alloy material performance degradation, boundary
Face conversion zone growth and interfacial electrochemistry corrosion etc. still have to be optimized.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem: the present invention is directed to the application demand of automotive light weight technology and connect a difficult problem, it is provided that a kind of agitating friction weldering
Connection technology, it is achieved direct between bar or tubing light-alloy and ferrous materials, quick, high intensity connects.This technology can solve
The problems that traditional method exists, such as high light, high heat, melt material and sputtering etc..
Technical scheme: a kind of method utilizing agitating friction welding technology circumferential weld connecting dissimilar material of the present invention includes following
Step:
Step one: clean Al alloy and the mating surface of steel bar, design Al alloy and steel joint, formed docking or
The circular weld of person's overlap joint, utilizes fixture the two to be fixed on operation post；
Step 2: according to the different systems of required connecting material, selects various sizes of instrument stirring-head and tool shoulder,
The instrument stirring-head controlling high speed rotating inserts Al alloy and regulates the amount of occlusion between it with steel, instrument stirring-head high-speed rotary
Turn and frictional heat be provided, offer pressure is provided under tool shoulder, subsequently, utilize fixture to control bar rotating 360 degrees, it is achieved Al alloy and
Connect between steel；
Step 3: set agitating friction welding technological parameter, the instrument stirring-head range of speeds be 500rpm～
4000rpm, speed of welding scope is 1mm/min～1000mm/min, and when instrument advances, inclination angle is-5 °～5 °, and stirring-head is inserted
Entering the retention time is 1 second～10 seconds；Input operation instruction by Digit Control Machine Tool, be automatically performed the connection of annular weld bead；Weld
It is sufficiently cooled after one-tenth, i.e. obtains the connector of Al alloy and steel.
Wherein:
Described Al alloy and steel are bar, and diameter range is 20mm～100mm, and commissure thickness range is 0.5mm
～10mm.
The diameter range of described wherein instrument stirring-head is 1mm～10mm；The diameter range of tool shoulder be 10mm～
30mm。
In described stir friction welding process, it is 300 DEG C～700 DEG C that Al alloy sheet and steel disc connect temperature, connects pressure
Power is 1.5kN～15.0kN.
Beneficial effect: the present invention has a following advantage:
One. without adding transition zone or preprocessing, the frictional heat provided by instrument stirring-head and tool shoulder are provided
Pressure, it is achieved Al alloy and the connection of steel.
Two. stir friction welding process passes through Digit Control Machine Tool programme-control, and automaticity is high, and connection speed is fast, thus
There is higher production efficiency；
Three. by changing welding condition, can adjust the key factor such as temperature and pressure of connecting portion, heat inputs
Utilization rate higher.
Four. combine the design of fixture and the programming of Digit Control Machine Tool, it is possible to achieve automatization between Al alloy and steel
Circumferential weld connects.
Five. 1 technology of table compares with the pluses and minuses of conventional art
| Cost | Energy consumption | Production efficiency | Connector intensity | |
| FSW | ○ | ◎ | ◎ | ◎ |
| Melting welding | ◎ | △ | ◎ | ○ |
| Laser Welding | △ | ○ | ◎ | △ |
| Friction welding (FW) | ◎ | ◎ | △ | ○ |
| Electric resistance welding | ◎ | △ | ◎ | △ |
Note: ◎ is good；Zero is medium；△ is poor.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the agitating friction weldering butt welding schematic diagram of Al alloy sheet A and steel disc B.
Fig. 2 is the agitating friction weldering joint welding schematic diagram of Al alloy sheet A and steel disc B.
Al alloy sheet A that Fig. 3 obtains according to embodiment one and steel disc B connector surface.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention realizes the connection of light-alloy and polymer matrix composites by following experimental procedure:
Step one: clean Al alloy A and the mating surface of steel B, design Al sheet A and steel disc B joint, formed docking or
The circular weld of overlap joint, utilizes fixture the two to be fixed on operation post.
Step 2: according to the different systems of required connecting material, selects various sizes of instrument stirring-head and tool shoulder.
The instrument stirring-head C controlling high speed rotating inserts Al sheet A and regulates the amount of occlusion between it with steel disc B, and instrument stirring-head C is at a high speed
Rotate and frictional heat is provided, offer pressure is provided under tool shoulder D.Subsequently, fixture is utilized to control bar rotating 360 degrees, it is achieved Al sheet A
And connect between steel disc B.
Step 3: setting the technological parameter of agitating friction welding, the instrument range of speeds is 500rpm～4000rpm, welding
Velocity interval is 0mm/min～1000mm/min, and when instrument advances, inclination angle is-5 °～5 °, and the stirring-head insertion retention time is 0
Second～10 seconds；Input operation instruction by Digit Control Machine Tool, be automatically performed the connection of annular weld bead；Carry out after having welded sufficiently
Cooling, i.e. obtains Al sheet A and the connector of steel disc B.
Below in conjunction with example, the present invention is described in detail:
Embodiment one:
In conjunction with Fig. 1, the present embodiment step is as follows:
Step one: with the Al alloy bar A that a diameter of 50.0mm of alcohol washes, overlap thickness are 5.0mm and S45C steel
Rod B, makes Al alloy sheet A be mutually twisted with rod iron B by joint design, then utilizes fixture that the two is fixed on operation post
On.
Step 2: the instrument stirring-head 3 controlling high speed rotating inserts Al sheet A and regulates the amount of occlusion between it with steel disc B,
Instrument stirring-head C high speed rotating provides frictional heat, presses offer pressure under tool shoulder D.Subsequently, utilize fixture to control bar to rotate
360 °, it is achieved connect between Al sheet A and steel disc B.Wherein stirring-head diameter 5.0mm, a diameter of 20mm of tool shoulder.
Step 3: setting the technological parameter of agitating friction welding, instrument rotating speed is 2000rpm, and fixture rotating speed i.e. welds speed
Degree is 0.5rpm, and when instrument advances, inclination angle is 0 °, and the stirring-head insertion retention time is 10 seconds；By Digit Control Machine Tool input operating
Instruction, the circumferential weld butt welding being automatically performed between bi-material welding；It is sufficiently cooled after having welded, i.e. obtains Al sheet A
Connector with steel disc B.
Embodiment two:
Setting means rotating speed is 2500rpm, and speed of welding is 1.0rpm, and when instrument advances, inclination angle is 0 °, and stirring-head is inserted
Entering the retention time is 10 seconds, and other are identical with embodiment one.Input operation instruction by Digit Control Machine Tool, be automatically performed two kinds of materials
Girth welding between material；It is sufficiently cooled after having welded, i.e. obtains Al sheet A and the connector of steel disc B.
Embodiment three:
Setting means rotating speed is 3000rpm, and speed of welding is 2.0rpm, and when instrument advances, inclination angle is 0 °, and stirring-head is inserted
Entering the retention time is 5 seconds, and other are identical with embodiment two.Input operation instruction by Digit Control Machine Tool, be automatically performed two kinds of materials
Girth welding between material；It is sufficiently cooled after having welded, i.e. obtains Al sheet A and the connector of steel disc B.
Embodiment four:
Setting means rotating speed is 2000rpm, and speed of welding is 1.0rpm, and when instrument advances, inclination angle is 0 °, and stirring-head is inserted
Entering the retention time is 10 seconds, and other are identical with embodiment two.Input operation instruction by Digit Control Machine Tool, be automatically performed two kinds of materials
Circumferential weld joint welding welding between material；It is sufficiently cooled after having welded, i.e. obtains Al sheet A and the connector of steel disc B.
Claims (4)
1. the method utilizing agitating friction welding technology circumferential weld connecting dissimilar material, it is characterised in that the method includes following step
Rapid:
Step one: clean Al alloy (A) and the mating surface of steel (B) bar, design Al alloy (A) and steel (B) joint, shape
Become docking or the circular weld of overlap joint, utilize fixture the two to be fixed on operation post；
Step 2: according to the different systems of required connecting material, selects various sizes of instrument stirring-head and tool shoulder, controls
The instrument stirring-head (C) of high speed rotating inserts Al alloy (A) and regulates the amount of occlusion between it with steel (B), instrument stirring-head
(C) high speed rotating provides frictional heat, and tool shoulder (D) presses down offer pressure, subsequently, utilizes fixture to control bar rotating 360 degrees,
Realize connecting between Al alloy (A) and steel (B)；
Step 3: setting the technological parameter of agitating friction welding, instrument stirring-head (C) range of speeds is 500rpm～4000rpm,
Speed of welding scope is 1mm/min～1000mm/min, and when instrument advances, inclination angle is-5 °～5 °, and stirring-head inserts when keeping
Between be 1 second～10 seconds；Input operation instruction by Digit Control Machine Tool, be automatically performed the connection of annular weld bead；Carry out after having welded
Sufficiently cooling, i.e. obtains Al alloy (A) and the connector of steel (B).
The method utilizing agitating friction welding technology circumferential weld connecting dissimilar material the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Described Al alloy (A) and steel (B) are bar, and diameter range is 20mm～100mm, commissure thickness range be 0.5mm～
10mm。
The method utilizing agitating friction welding technology circumferential weld connecting dissimilar material the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The diameter range of described wherein instrument stirring-head (C) is 1mm～10mm；The diameter range of tool shoulder (D) be 10mm～
30mm。
The method utilizing agitating friction welding technology circumferential weld connecting dissimilar material the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
In described stir friction welding process, it is 300 DEG C～700 DEG C that Al alloy sheet (A) and steel disc (B) connect temperature, connects pressure
For 1.5kN～15.0kN.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610808837.8A CN106271028A (en) | 2016-09-07 | 2016-09-07 | A kind of agitating friction girth welding connects the method for dissimilar metal |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610808837.8A CN106271028A (en) | 2016-09-07 | 2016-09-07 | A kind of agitating friction girth welding connects the method for dissimilar metal |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108973567A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-12-11 | 北京航大新材科技有限公司 | The split type I type distance rod of aluminium alloy and its preparation process and agitating friction are welded method of completing the square |
| CN109017186A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-12-18 | 北京航大新材科技有限公司 | The split type V-type distance rod of aluminium alloy and its casting and forming and agitating friction are welded method of completing the square |
| CN110135123A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-08-16 | 江西理工大学 | A method of obtaining friction stir welding joint machinery/metallurgical bonding intensity |
| CN113199132A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-08-03 | 山东大学 | Method for manufacturing dissimilar pipe joint by adopting bar stirring friction |
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| CN103537792A (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2014-01-29 | 上海交通大学 | Friction stir welding method of special-shaped material thin-wall thin and circular tubes |
| CN103894724A (en) * | 2014-03-13 | 2014-07-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Steel surface roughing auxiliary stirring friction welding method for aluminum and steel dissimilar material lap connection |
| CN104400211A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-03-11 | 首都航天机械公司 | Method and device for equivalent solid-phase repairing welding of tank friction stir welding defect |
| CN105234553A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2016-01-13 | 上海航天精密机械研究所 | Real-time adjustment system and method for welding seams of circular-seam friction stir welding of cylinder sections |
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Patent Citations (6)
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| US6364197B1 (en) * | 2000-08-04 | 2002-04-02 | The Boeing Company | Friction stir welding of containers from the interior |
| WO2013026573A2 (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2013-02-28 | Wartmann Technologie Ag | Method and system for the creation of a butt joint between rotationally symmetrical members |
| CN103537792A (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2014-01-29 | 上海交通大学 | Friction stir welding method of special-shaped material thin-wall thin and circular tubes |
| CN103894724A (en) * | 2014-03-13 | 2014-07-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Steel surface roughing auxiliary stirring friction welding method for aluminum and steel dissimilar material lap connection |
| CN104400211A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-03-11 | 首都航天机械公司 | Method and device for equivalent solid-phase repairing welding of tank friction stir welding defect |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108973567A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-12-11 | 北京航大新材科技有限公司 | The split type I type distance rod of aluminium alloy and its preparation process and agitating friction are welded method of completing the square |
| CN109017186A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-12-18 | 北京航大新材科技有限公司 | The split type V-type distance rod of aluminium alloy and its casting and forming and agitating friction are welded method of completing the square |
| CN110135123A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-08-16 | 江西理工大学 | A method of obtaining friction stir welding joint machinery/metallurgical bonding intensity |
| CN110135123B (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2022-11-22 | 江西理工大学 | Method for obtaining mechanical/metallurgical bonding strength of friction stir welding joint |
| CN113199132A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-08-03 | 山东大学 | Method for manufacturing dissimilar pipe joint by adopting bar stirring friction |
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Application publication date: 20170104 |