CN114160956A - Friction welding method for butt joint of high-strength steel thick-wall pipe and joint - Google Patents
Friction welding method for butt joint of high-strength steel thick-wall pipe and joint Download PDFInfo
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- CN114160956A CN114160956A CN202111271632.8A CN202111271632A CN114160956A CN 114160956 A CN114160956 A CN 114160956A CN 202111271632 A CN202111271632 A CN 202111271632A CN 114160956 A CN114160956 A CN 114160956A
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009721 upset forging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
- B23K20/126—Workpiece support, i.e. backing or clamping
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/24—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
- B23K2101/06—Tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
- B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
Abstract
The invention provides a friction welding method for butt joint of a high-strength steel thick-wall pipe and a joint, which comprises the following steps of: placing a pipe on a tool, clamping, performing groove machining on the tail end to be butted of the pipe and a joint in an automatic gas cutting mode, reserving a truncated edge, clamping the joint after groove machining is completed, and cleaning a welding surface; welding is carried out by adopting a rotary friction welding method, and the welding is carried out by adopting a mode that the pipe is clamped and fixed and the eccentric joint rotates during welding. The invention adopts inertia friction welding, and reduces the upsetting force required by the large-thickness plate by changing the groove forms of the pipes with different thicknesses, thereby reducing the production cost and simultaneously improving the production efficiency and the welding quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of steel welding, and particularly relates to a friction welding method for butt joint of high-strength steel thick-wall pipes and joints.
Background
The butt joint of pipe pipes and pipe plates of large-size high-strength steel (such as Q890) often occurs in the connection of a chord member and a joint of an engineering machinery crane boom structure, the current common welding method is arc welding, however, the arc welding mode is adopted, the welding period is long, the interlayer cleaning is tedious, the labor intensity of workers is high, layer-by-layer surfacing welding is inevitably required due to the large groove size, the welding defects are easy to occur between layers, and once the welding problem occurs, the rework is difficult. Due to the large size coverage, automated welding is difficult to achieve by arc welding.
In the prior art, double-end welding is realized by phase friction welding, the phase angle relation of two ends of a double-end welding piece (one welding piece has two friction welding joints) which cannot be ensured by repeated friction welding of a novel geological drill rod is ensured, the control precision is obviously improved, the requirement on welding upsetting force is high, and a DZ steel pipe (outer diameter of which is equal to that of an outer diameter) is welded
) And 35CrMoA (outer diameter 74mm), the friction pressure needs 80-100MPa, the upsetting pressure needs 120-160 MPa, and no improvement is made in the aspect of reducing the equipment requirement;
in the prior art, a mode conforming to a heat source is formed by resistance heat and friction heat, and the joint is heated together, so that the friction pressure and the main shaft pressure are reduced, and the requirement on the capacity of welding equipment is reduced. By adopting the mode, the efficiency can be improved, the equipment requirement is reduced in the aspect of reducing the pressure of the main shaft, but a resistance heating system is added, the complexity of welding equipment is improved, and once insulation is in a problem, damage can be caused to a welding machine, and even the safety of a welder is threatened.
In the prior art, the production cost is reduced by adopting an induction heating method, namely, an induction coil is adopted to heat a workpiece before welding, friction welding is carried out after the workpiece reaches a certain temperature, and the pressure of a main shaft can also be reduced, so that the production cost is reduced;
the prior art methods all illustrate the advantages of friction welding of pipes/rods and other parts, but the methods are realized by means of external force, the pressure requirements of a plurality of main shafts are not substantially reduced, the welding still needs large upsetting force and friction force, the external energy is increased, the complexity of equipment is increased, and the production cost is indirectly increased.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a friction welding method for butting the high-strength steel thick-wall pipe and the joint, which is a welding process for butting the high-strength steel thick-wall pipe and the joint, wherein the material is Q890 in the mode of inertia friction welding and the diameter of the thick-wall pipe
The length is 1-10 m, the wall thickness is 5-30 mm, the groove of the high-strength steel pipe is machined before welding, different truncated edges are reserved according to different wall thicknesses, and the larger the wall thickness is, the larger the groove angle and the truncated edge are. Because the grooves with different sizes are formed, the contact area of the pipe and the joint at the beginning is reduced, the upsetting force required for changing the cross section into a molding state at the beginning is reduced, the friction heat generated by the truncated edge has a good preheating effect on the region which is not welded, and the thermoplastic region of the cross section is continuously increased, so that the upsetting force and the friction pressure can be maintained at a lower level under the condition of large thick wall, the high-strength material has good adaptability, and the requirement on the thick-wall friction welding equipment is reduced. The invention adopts inertia friction welding, and reduces the upsetting force required by the large-thickness plate by changing the groove forms of the pipes with different thicknesses, thereby reducing the production cost, improving the automation level of the high-strength steel pipe plate welding, and simultaneously improving the production efficiency and the welding quality.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a friction welding method for butt joint of high-strength steel thick-wall pipes and joints comprises the following steps:
1) placing a pipe on a tool, clamping, performing groove machining on the tail end to be butted of the pipe and a joint in an automatic gas cutting mode, reserving a truncated edge, clamping the joint after groove machining is completed, and cleaning a welding surface;
2) welding is carried out by adopting a rotary friction welding method, and the welding is carried out by adopting a mode that the pipe is clamped and fixed and the eccentric joint rotates during welding.
In the scheme, the pipe is Q890, the diameter phi is 100-219 mm, the length is 1-10 m, and the wall thickness is 5-30 mm.
In the scheme, the bevel in the step 1) is processed, and different truncated edges are reserved according to different pipe wall thicknesses.
Further, the larger the wall thickness of the pipe is, the larger the bevel angle and the truncated edge are.
In the scheme, in the step 2), the friction pressure during welding is 10-20 MPa, the upset forging pressure is 15-25 MPa, the upset forging force is 110-150 t, the axial shortening is 5-18 mm, preheating is not needed before welding, the joint is accelerated to rotate, when the joint is accelerated to a preset value, pressure is applied, when the shortening reaches the preset shortening, pressure is applied again, the rotating speed is reduced, and the phase form of the motor is adopted, so that when the rotating speed is reduced to 0, the joint is accurately positioned at a preset angle.
In the scheme, when double joints are adopted, the front and the rear of the pipe are required to be connected with the joints, the end surfaces of the two joints are parallel, the pipe is machined by adopting the method of the step S1), the welded joints are fixed to a certain angle by adopting a clamp, welding is carried out by adopting the process parameters of the step 2), and the stop angle of the welded joint is accurately controlled by adopting phase control, so that the end surfaces of the two joints are parallel.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
when the friction feeding of the truncated edge is carried out, the generated heat has good preheating effect on the non-welding area, and the welding defects can be reduced; the method ensures that when in high-strength connection, because the sectional area is smaller than that when the groove is not formed, and the preheating effect generated by rapid temperature rise of the truncated edge and the continuously increased section is added, the upsetting pressure of a friction welding machine is reduced, and the requirements of friction welding equipment for large-thickness-wall high-strength steel pipes are reduced; compared with the existing welding mode, the friction welding can improve the production efficiency and reduce the production cost. The automatic welding device disclosed by the invention realizes the automatic welding of the high-strength steel pipe plate, improves the welding efficiency, and reduces the requirements of equipment by adopting different groove forms, thereby reducing the production cost and improving the welding automation level.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a pipe-joint according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a tubing-joint according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic left view of a pipe-joint according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a joint; 2. a pipe.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
As shown in fig. 1-3, a preferred embodiment of the friction welding method for butt joint of high-strength steel thick-wall pipes and joints is shown, and this embodiment specifically relates to an inertia friction welding process for butt joint of a large-diameter thick-wall high-strength steel pipe 2 and a joint 1, in which the diameter of the high-strength steel pipe 2 is equal to that of the large-diameter thick-wall high-strength steel pipe 2
100-219 mm, 1-10 m in length and 5-30 mm in wall thickness.
The friction welding method for butting the high-strength steel thick-wall pipe and the joint comprises the following steps of:
1) controlling before welding: placing tubular product 2 on the frock, pressing from both sides tightly putting, adopting automatic gas cutting's mode to carry out groove preparation to tubular product 2 and the end that connects 1 and will dock to leave certain blunt edge, the specification of dimension of blunt edge is processed according to tubular product 2's size and specification, and specific specification uses the example of the external diameter 219mm high strength tubular product, see table 1 below, after groove preparation accomplished, press from both sides joint 1 with anchor clamps, to weld the face and remove greasy dirt/cinder and handle.
TABLE 1 groove machining size of pipes with different wall thicknesses
| Outer diameter (mm) | Wall thickness (mm) | Inner diameter (mm) | Cross sectional area (mm)2) | Bevel angle (°) | Thickness of truncated edge (mm) |
| 219 | 7 | 205 | 4659.76 | 0 | 0 |
| 219 | 9 | 201 | 5934.6 | 10～20 | 3～5 |
| 219 | 12 | 195 | 7799.76 | 10～20 | 3～5 |
| 219 | 15 | 189 | 9608.4 | 10～20 | 3～5 |
| 219 | 18 | 183 | 11360.52 | 20～45 | 4～6 |
| 219 | 20 | 179 | 12497.2 | 20～45 | 6～10 |
| 219 | 25 | 169 | 15229 | 20～45 | 8～12 |
| 219 | 30 | 159 | 17803.8 | 45～60 | 12～15 |
2) The welding is carried out by adopting a conventional rotary friction welding method, the difference is that the pipe 2 is clamped and fixed during welding, the eccentric joint 1 is welded in a rotating mode, the friction pressure during welding is 10-20 MPa, the upsetting pressure is 15-25 MPa, the upsetting force is 110-150 t, the axial shortening amount is determined to be 5-18 mm according to the actual groove size, preheating is not needed before welding, the joint 1 is accelerated to rotate, pressure is applied after the joint is accelerated to a certain speed, the temperature of a welding contact surface is rapidly increased due to the fact that the sectional area of the blunt edge is small, the position of the blunt edge reaches a shaping state firstly, the pressure required by the increase of the sectional area is increased but is still much smaller than the pressure required by the non-opening blunt edge, the temperature is gradually radiated from a welding area to a non-welding area, continuous pressurization is still required afterwards to realize the continuous feeding of the pipe, and when the shortening amount reaches the preset shortening amount, and applying pressure again, reducing the rotating speed, and adopting the phase form of the motor to accurately position the joint 1 at a certain fixed angle when the rotating speed is reduced to 0.
3) When the double joints are adopted, the front and the back of the pipe 2 are required to be connected with the joints 1, the end faces of the two joints 1 are required to be kept opposite and parallel, the pipe 2 is machined by adopting the same method in the step 1), the welded joints 1 are fixed to a certain angle by adopting a clamp, welding is carried out by adopting the same process parameters in the step 2), the stop angle of the welded joints 1 is accurately controlled by adopting phase control, and the parallel relation of the end faces of the two joints can be ensured at the moment.
The working principle is as follows:
the friction welding is a hot-press welding method by utilizing friction heating of the welding surface of metal, because the wall thickness of the tubular product in the field of the current engineering machinery is thicker and the material strength is large, the invention combines the form of opening the groove by electric arc welding, adopts inertia friction welding, and changes the groove form of the tubular product with different thickness, when the section of the tubular product is smaller, the required upsetting force is smaller, after the section of the tubular product is increased, the required upsetting force is always much smaller than the non-opening groove by the heat and inertia of the front section blunt edge friction radiation, thus reducing the upsetting force and the friction force required by the tubular product with large thickness, leading the models of welding machines used for welding the tubular product with different specifications and joints to be fewer, realizing the automatic welding of the high-strength steel tube plate, improving the welding efficiency, reducing the requirement of equipment by adopting different groove forms, further reducing the production cost, controlling the welding process by the equipment, the welding quality is stable due to high stability and repeatability, the friction welding time is short, the heat is lower than that of arc welding and other modes, welding defects such as air hole cracks are not easy to generate, and the welding quality is improved. The invention improves the production efficiency and the welding quality simultaneously, and the friction welding can be better suitable for the field of engineering machinery.
Compared with the arc welding currently adopted:
1) arc welding a joint + pipe compared to current arc welding
Wall thickness 20mm) of about 2 hours, and the inertia friction welding of about 5-10 min; polishing is needed between high-strength steel welding layer channels, polishing is needed for about 10-15 times when one welding seam is filled, and by adopting the inertia friction welding method, only one flash is cleaned after welding is completed, so that the production efficiency is greatly improved;
2) when the friction feeding is carried out on the truncated edge, the generated heat has good preheating effect on the non-welding area, and the welding defects can be reduced;
3) ensuring that when in high-strength connection, because the sectional area is smaller than that when not grooving, and the preheating effect generated by rapid temperature rise of the truncated edge and the continuously enlarged section is added, the upsetting pressure of a friction welding machine, such as welding, is reduced
The pipe 2 and the joint 1 with the wall thickness of 20mm have the cross section of 12497mm according to calculation when the groove is not formed originally2To ensure good welding, the pressure is required to be about 12-15Mpa, and the upsetting force is required to be about 150-180 t, so that 200t of equipment is required to meet the welding requirement. After the groove is processed, the welding is carried out, only 100 plus 130t of upsetting pressure is needed, the requirement of the equipment is only 150t, and the requirement of the friction welding equipment for the large-thick-wall high-strength steel pipe is reduced.
The above-listed detailed description is only a specific description of a possible embodiment of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and equivalent embodiments or modifications made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A friction welding method for butt joint of a high-strength steel thick-wall pipe and a joint is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) placing the pipe (2) on a tool, clamping, performing groove machining on the tail end to be butted of the pipe (2) and the joint (1) in an automatic gas cutting mode, reserving a truncated edge, clamping the joint (1) after groove machining is completed, and cleaning a welding surface;
2) welding is carried out by adopting a rotary friction welding method, and the welding is carried out in a mode that the pipe (2) is clamped and fixed and the eccentric joint (1) rotates.
2. A friction welding method for the butt joint of high-strength steel thick-walled tubes and joints according to claim 1, characterized in that the tube (2) is Q890 diameter
100-219 mm, 1-10 m in length and 5-30 mm in wall thickness.
3. A friction welding method for butt joint of high-strength steel thick-wall pipes and joints according to claim 1, characterized in that the bevel in step 1) is processed and different blunt edges are reserved according to different pipe (2) wall thicknesses.
4. A friction welding method for the butt joint of high-strength steel thick-walled pipes and joints according to claim 3, characterized in that the larger the wall thickness of the pipe (2), the larger the included angle and the blunt edge.
5. The friction welding method for the butt joint of the high-strength steel thick-wall pipe and the joint as claimed in claim 1, wherein the friction pressure during welding in step 2) is 10-20 MPa, the upsetting pressure is 15-25 MPa, the upsetting force is 110-150 t, the axial shortening is 5-18 mm, preheating is not needed before welding, the joint (1) is accelerated to rotate, pressure is applied when the joint is accelerated to a preset value, pressure is applied again when the shortening reaches the preset shortening, the rotating speed is reduced, and the phase form of the motor is adopted, so that the joint (1) is accurately positioned at a preset angle when the rotating speed is reduced to 0.
6. The friction welding method for the butt joint of the high-strength steel thick-wall pipe and the joint as claimed in claim 1, wherein when double joints are adopted, the front and the back of the pipe (2) are required to be connected with the joints (1), the end surfaces of the two joints (1) are parallel, the pipe (2) is machined by adopting the step S1), the welded joints (1) are fixed to a certain angle by adopting a clamp, welding is carried out by adopting the process parameters of the step 2), and the stop angle of the welded joints (1) is accurately controlled by adopting phase control, so that the end surfaces of the two joints (1) are parallel.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111271632.8A CN114160956A (en) | 2021-10-29 | 2021-10-29 | Friction welding method for butt joint of high-strength steel thick-wall pipe and joint |
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| CN202111271632.8A CN114160956A (en) | 2021-10-29 | 2021-10-29 | Friction welding method for butt joint of high-strength steel thick-wall pipe and joint |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115213547A (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2022-10-21 | 华能国际电力股份有限公司 | Method for welding fillet weld of header tube seat of boiler header by friction welding |
| CN115415642A (en) * | 2022-08-15 | 2022-12-02 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Gas shielded welding process for TMCP state ultrahigh-strength marine steel |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115415642A (en) * | 2022-08-15 | 2022-12-02 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Gas shielded welding process for TMCP state ultrahigh-strength marine steel |
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| CN115213547A (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2022-10-21 | 华能国际电力股份有限公司 | Method for welding fillet weld of header tube seat of boiler header by friction welding |
| CN115213547B (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2023-11-28 | 华能国际电力股份有限公司 | Method for welding fillet weld of header tube socket of boiler by friction welding |
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