CN111187892A - Process for reducing residual stress of butt weld of dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder - Google Patents
Process for reducing residual stress of butt weld of dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder Download PDFInfo
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- CN111187892A CN111187892A CN201911414812.XA CN201911414812A CN111187892A CN 111187892 A CN111187892 A CN 111187892A CN 201911414812 A CN201911414812 A CN 201911414812A CN 111187892 A CN111187892 A CN 111187892A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
- C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
- C21D7/10—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the whole cross-section, e.g. of concrete reinforcing bars
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a process for reducing residual stress of a butt weld of a dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder, and belongs to the technical field of welding residual stress control. The process for reducing the residual stress of the butt weld of the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder comprises the following steps of: a pressurizing step: axial pressure is applied to a butt welding seam between dissimilar metal workpieces, so that transverse compression and radial extension plastic strain is generated on metal in a welding seam area, and welding residual tensile stress of the welding seam and areas on two sides of the welding seam area is relaxed. The invention can effectively reduce the residual tensile stress at the butt weld of the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder by applying axial pressure to the butt weld of the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of welding residual stress control, in particular to a process for reducing the residual stress of a butt welding seam of a dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder.
Background
At present, with the continuous progress of material science and material processing technology, the proportion of dissimilar metal welding in modern industrial production is higher and higher, and the dissimilar metal welding is more and more widely applied to the fields of nuclear power, rail transport, aerospace and the like. The welding structure made of dissimilar metals can meet different requirements of different working environments on material performance, reduce manufacturing cost and exert performance advantages of different metal materials.
The special working environment usually has requirements on the magnitude and distribution state of residual stress in the dissimilar metal welding joint, and particularly does not allow the surface area of the welding joint to have larger residual tensile stress.
However, due to the differences in physical and mechanical properties of different metal materials and the design of the welding groove and the specific welding process, the residual stress distribution in the dissimilar metal welded joint is complex and the residual tensile stress level is high.
For example, for the circumferential welding butt joint of dissimilar metals, if the groove is a single V groove, a high value of welding residual tensile stress may exist in the outer surface area of the welded joint, and if the groove is a double V groove, a certain welding residual tensile stress may exist in both the inner surface area and the outer surface area of the welded joint.
Heat treatment is an effective method for eliminating residual stress in metal materials, but dissimilar metal welding workpieces often comprise stainless steel materials, and in order to ensure corrosion resistance, the stainless steel is not generally subjected to heat treatment to eliminate stress; therefore, for dissimilar metal weldments containing materials such as stainless steel which are not suitable for stress relief by a heat treatment method, how to reduce the residual tensile stress after welding is always a research hotspot and a critical issue of researchers and engineers in the related field.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a process for reducing the residual stress of the butt weld of the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder.
The purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a process for reducing the residual stress of butt welds of dissimilar metal thick-walled cylinders comprises the following steps:
a pressurizing step: and applying axial pressure to the butt weld of the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder body so as to generate transverse compression and radial extension plastic strain on the metal in the weld joint area and relax the residual tensile stress of the weld joint and the areas at two sides of the weld joint.
Further, the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder butt-welding part comprises a first metal workpiece and a second metal workpiece, and the first metal workpiece and the second metal workpiece are mutually dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder workpieces.
Further, in the pressing step, axial pressure is directly applied to a side of the first metal workpiece remote from the butt weld and a side of the second metal workpiece remote from the butt weld.
Further, in the pressurizing step, a pressurizing device applies axial pressure to the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder weldment, when the axial pressure is increased to a target pressure value, the pressurizing device stops pressurizing, and the target pressure value is 50% -95% of the yield strength of the weld metal.
Further, the axial length of the first metal workpiece is 150-300 mm, and the axial length of the second metal workpiece is 150-300 mm.
Further, the wall thickness of the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder butt-welded part is 12 mm-100 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
by applying axial pressure to the butt weld of the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder, the residual tensile stress at the weld can be effectively reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the process for reducing the residual stress of a butt weld of a dissimilar metal thick-walled cylinder of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the process for reducing the residual stress of a dissimilar metal butt weld according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a second schematic diagram of the process for reducing the residual stress of the dissimilar metal butt weld according to the present invention;
in the figure: 10. butt welding the parts; 11. a first metal workpiece; 12. a second metal workpiece; 13. butt welding; 20. a pressurizing device; 21. a work table; 22. a vertical drive mechanism; 23. a pressure head; 24. a horizontal driving mechanism; 25. radial clamping mechanism.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description, and it should be noted that any combination of the embodiments or technical features described below can be used to form a new embodiment without conflict.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment provides a process for reducing residual stress of a butt weld of a thick-wall cylinder made of dissimilar metals, comprising the following steps:
a pressurizing step: and applying axial pressure to the butt-joint welding seam 13 of the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder so as to enable the metal in the welding seam area to generate transverse compression and radial extension plastic strain, wherein the transverse compression is axial compression, so that the residual tensile stress of the welding seam and the area nearby the welding seam is relaxed, and the level of the residual tensile stress in the butt-joint welding seam 13 of the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder can be reduced.
Specifically, the first metal workpiece 11 and the second metal workpiece 12 are welded to form the dissimilar metal thick-walled cylinder butt weld 10.
The process for reducing the residual stress of the butt weld of the thick-walled cylinder made of dissimilar metals of the present embodiment can reduce the level of the residual tensile stress in the butt weld 13 by applying an axial compressive force to the butt weld 13, and when a load of an appropriate magnitude is applied, the residual tensile stress in the butt weld 13 and in the two side regions thereof is converted into a beneficial compressive stress.
Preferably, when the axial lengths of the first metal workpiece 11 and the second metal workpiece 12 are 150-300 mm, the axial lengths of the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder butt welds 10 are 300-600 mm, and the cylinder wall thicknesses of the first metal workpiece 11 and the second metal workpiece 12 are 12-100 m, the residual tensile stress can be effectively reduced by adopting the process for reducing the residual stress of the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder butt weld of the embodiment.
In this embodiment, the first metal workpiece 11 is a thick-walled cylindrical workpiece made of high-strength steel, and the second metal workpiece 12 is a thick-walled cylindrical workpiece made of stainless steel.
Preferably, when the method of the present embodiment is used for reducing the residual stress in the butt weld 13 of the dissimilar metal thick-walled cylinder, in order to better reduce the residual tensile stress of the butt weld 13 and the region in the vicinity thereof, in the pressurizing step, the axial pressure is directly applied to both end faces in the axial direction of the butt weld 10 of the dissimilar metal thick-walled cylinder to realize the application of the axial pressure to the butt weld 13 of the dissimilar metal thick-walled cylinder, that is, in the pressurizing step, the axial pressure is directly applied to the side of the first metal workpiece 11 away from the butt weld 13 and the side of the second metal workpiece 12 away from the butt weld 13 to realize the application of the axial pressure to the butt weld 13 of the dissimilar metal workpieces; the process for reducing the residual stress is adopted for the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder butt weldment 10 formed by welding the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinders, and the following benefits are achieved:
firstly, because the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder butt-welded part 10 is short in length, a pressurizing device 20 such as a vertical press or a horizontal press is conveniently adopted to directly apply axial pressure to two axial end faces of the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder butt-welded part 10 so as to apply pressure to the butt-welded seam 13; meanwhile, the phenomenon that the application of the axial pressure is influenced by the generation of redundant bending moment in the pressurizing process can be effectively avoided, the pressurizing efficiency is maximum, the size and the pressurizing rate of the axial pressure can be adjusted conveniently, and the effect of reducing the residual stress is improved.
Secondly, this a technology for reducing butt weld 13 residual stress is applicable to dissimilar metal thick wall barrel butt weld 10, because the wall thickness of thick wall barrel work piece is thick relatively, when directly applying axial pressure from dissimilar metal thick wall barrel butt weld 10 both sides, the stability of barrel butt weld 10 can be guaranteed to the barrel wall thickness, and dissimilar metal thick wall barrel butt weld 10 can not produce the unstability destruction because the barrel wall thickness is thin.
Preferably, on the basis of the above-mentioned process for reducing residual stress, in order to improve the effect of reducing residual stress, in the pressurizing step of the present embodiment, the axial pressure is applied by applying a full axial pressure of the butt weld 13 in a direction toward the butt weld 13 to the end surface of the first metal workpiece 11 at the end far from the butt weld 13, and applying a full axial pressure of the butt weld 13 to the end surface of the second metal workpiece 12 at the end far from the butt weld 13.
Preferably, in the pressurizing step, axial pressure is applied to the dissimilar metal through the pressurizing device 20, and when the axial pressure is increased to a target pressure value, the pressurizing device 20 stops pressurizing, wherein the target pressure value is 50% -95% of the yield strength of the weld metal; so both can make axial pressure play the effect that reduces the residual tensile stress in welding seam district, can also guarantee the stability of barrel butt weld 10, avoid causing because axial pressure is too big that butt weld 10 warp.
Preferably, the target pressure value is 60% to 90%.
In this embodiment, the process for reducing the residual stress of the butt weld of the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder can be realized by at least the following two devices:
the first method comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 2, the pressing device 20 is a vertical pressing device 20;
the vertical pressurizing device 20 comprises a workbench 21, a vertical driving mechanism 22, a pressure head 23 and the like, the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder butt-welding part 10 is placed on the workbench 21, the end face of one end, far away from the weld metal, of the first metal workpiece 11 or the second metal workpiece 12 abuts against the workbench 21, and the axial direction of the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder butt-welding part 10 is the vertical direction; the vertical driving mechanism 22 is used for driving the ram 23 to move towards the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder butt weld 10 along the vertical direction so as to axially pressurize the butt weld 10.
Specifically, the vertical driving mechanism 22 only needs to be capable of driving the ram 23 to move up and down in the vertical direction so as to axially pressurize or release the pressure of the dissimilar metal thick-walled cylinder butt weld 10.
Preferably, the first metal workpiece 11 and the second metal workpiece 12 are dissimilar metal thick-walled cylinder workpieces; the vertical pressurizing device 20 is a vertical press machine, the vertical press machine further comprises a vertical column, the pressure head 23 is connected to the vertical column in a sliding mode, and the vertical driving mechanism 22 is used for driving the pressure head 23 to move up and down along the vertical column so as to release or pressurize the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder butt-welded part 10.
Preferably, in order to ensure the stability of the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder butt weld 10 in pressure bearing, the area of the workbench 21 and the area of the pressure head 23 are both larger than the diameter of the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder butt weld 10, so that uniform axial pressure can be applied to the butt weld 13.
On the basis of the above structure, the vertical pressurizing device 20 of the present embodiment pressurizes the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder butt weld 10 to reduce the residual stress at the butt weld 13 of the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder butt weld 10 as follows:
for dissimilar metal thick-walled cylinder butt welds 10 having two parallel end faces, axial pressure may be applied using a vertical press, as shown in fig. 2. The specific working process is as follows: placing the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder butt-welding piece 10 at the right middle position of a workbench 21 of a vertical press; operating the vertical press to enable the driving pressure head 23 of the vertical driving mechanism 22 to slowly descend along the upright column, and applying appropriate axial pressure to the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder butt-welded part 10, wherein the pressure value is about 60-90% of the yield strength of the weld metal; and operating the vertical press to remove the pressure and lifting the pressure head 23, so as to complete the process of reducing the residual tensile stress of the welding seam of the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder by axial pressurization.
According to the device, the vertical pressurizing device 20 applies appropriate axial pressure to the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder butt-welded part 10, so that the residual tensile stress level in a dissimilar metal welding seam can be effectively reduced, and even the residual tensile stress can be converted into beneficial compressive stress.
And the second method comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 3, the pressurizing device 20 is a horizontal pressurizing device 20;
the horizontal pressurizing device 20 comprises a workbench 21, a radial clamping mechanism 25 arranged on the workbench 21, a horizontal driving mechanism 24, a pressure head 23 and the like; at least one end of the dissimilar metal thick-walled cylinder butt weld 10 is clamped by a radial clamping mechanism 25 to fix the dissimilar metal thick-walled cylinder butt weld 10 on the workbench 21, and the axial direction of the dissimilar metal thick-walled cylinder butt weld 10 is the horizontal direction; the horizontal driving mechanism 24 is used for driving the ram 23 to move towards the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder butt weld 10 along the horizontal direction so as to axially pressurize the weld 10.
Preferably, in order to ensure the stability of the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder butt weld 10 in pressure bearing, the area of the workbench 21 and the area of the pressure head 23 are both larger than the diameter of the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder butt weld 10, so that uniform axial pressure can be applied to the butt weld 13.
Specifically, the radial clamping mechanism 25 in this embodiment is a chuck including a plurality of openable and closable jaws.
Preferably, the first metal workpiece 11 and the second metal workpiece 12 are dissimilar metal thick-walled cylinder workpieces; the horizontal pressurizing device 20 is a horizontal hydraulic machine, the horizontal hydraulic machine further comprises a cross beam, the pressure head 23 is connected to the cross beam in a sliding mode, and the horizontal driving mechanism 24 is used for driving the pressure head 23 to move left and right along the cross beam so as to release pressure or pressurize the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder butt-welded part 10.
On the basis of the above structure, the horizontal pressurizing device 20 of the present embodiment pressurizes the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder butt weld 10 to reduce the residual stress at the butt weld 13 of the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder butt weld 10, and the working process is as follows:
for dissimilar metal thick-walled cylinder butt welds 10 having two parallel end faces, axial pressure can be applied using a horizontal hydraulic press, as shown in fig. 3. The specific working process is as follows: fixing the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder butt-welding piece 10 on a workbench 21 of a horizontal hydraulic press by using a chuck; operating the horizontal hydraulic press to enable the pressure head 23 to be close to and contact with the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder butt-welding piece 10; operating a horizontal hydraulic machine, and applying appropriate axial pressure to the end face of the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder butt-welded part 10 through a pressure head 23, wherein the pressure value is about 60-90% of the yield strength of the weld metal; and operating the horizontal hydraulic machine, relieving the pressure, and keeping the pressure head 23 away from the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder butt-welding piece 10, so as to finish the process of reducing the residual tensile stress of the welding seam of the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder by axial pressurization.
According to the device, the horizontal pressurizing device 20 applies appropriate axial pressure to the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder butt-welded part 10, so that the residual tensile stress level in a dissimilar metal welding seam can be effectively reduced, and even the residual tensile stress can be converted into beneficial compressive stress.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any insubstantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The process for reducing the residual stress of the butt weld of the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
a pressurizing step: axial pressure is applied to a butt welding seam between dissimilar metal workpieces, so that transverse compression and radial extension plastic strain is generated on metal in a welding seam area, and welding residual tensile stress of the welding seam and areas on two sides of the welding seam area is relaxed.
2. The process for reducing the residual stress of a butt weld of a dissimilar metal thick-walled cylinder of claim 1, wherein:
the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder butt-welding part comprises a first metal workpiece and a second metal workpiece, wherein the first metal workpiece and the second metal workpiece are mutually dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder workpieces.
3. The process for reducing the residual stress of a butt weld of a dissimilar metal thick-walled cylinder of claim 2, wherein:
in the pressing step, axial pressure is applied directly to a side of the first metal workpiece remote from the butt weld and a side of the second metal workpiece remote from the butt weld.
4. The process for reducing the residual stress of the butt weld of the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein:
in the pressurizing step, a pressurizing device is used for applying axial pressure to the butt weld of the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder, when the axial pressure is increased to a target pressure value, the pressurizing device stops pressurizing, and the target pressure value is 50% -95% of the yield strength of the weld metal.
5. The process for reducing the residual stress of a butt weld of a dissimilar metal thick-walled cylinder of claim 2, wherein:
the axial length of the first metal workpiece is 150-300 mm, and the axial length of the second metal workpiece is 150-300 mm.
6. The process for reducing the residual stress of a butt weld of a dissimilar metal thick-walled cylinder of claim 5, wherein:
the wall thickness of the dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder butt-welding piece is 12 mm-100 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911414812.XA CN111187892A (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | Process for reducing residual stress of butt weld of dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder |
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| CN201911414812.XA CN111187892A (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | Process for reducing residual stress of butt weld of dissimilar metal thick-wall cylinder |
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| CN111187892A true CN111187892A (en) | 2020-05-22 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111940584A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2020-11-17 | 东莞材料基因高等理工研究院 | Device and method capable of reducing residual stress of butt weld of dissimilar metal cylinder |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1190037A (en) * | 1998-02-11 | 1998-08-12 | 王保东 | Residual stress eliminating method for welding seam in welded thin-wall pipe |
| CN103747913A (en) * | 2011-05-03 | 2014-04-23 | 美铝公司 | Solid state based joining processes with post-weld processing under compression |
| CN107557549A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-01-09 | 吴谦 | A kind of method for eliminating welding residual stress |
| CN107686884A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2018-02-13 | 山西中通高技术有限责任公司 | A kind of vibratory impulse pressing method for eliminating weld residual stress |
| CN110576289A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2019-12-17 | 上海电气核电设备有限公司 | Clamping tool for improving forming quality of butt weld of heat exchange tube and welding process thereof |
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2019
- 2019-12-31 CN CN201911414812.XA patent/CN111187892A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1190037A (en) * | 1998-02-11 | 1998-08-12 | 王保东 | Residual stress eliminating method for welding seam in welded thin-wall pipe |
| CN103747913A (en) * | 2011-05-03 | 2014-04-23 | 美铝公司 | Solid state based joining processes with post-weld processing under compression |
| CN107686884A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2018-02-13 | 山西中通高技术有限责任公司 | A kind of vibratory impulse pressing method for eliminating weld residual stress |
| CN107557549A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-01-09 | 吴谦 | A kind of method for eliminating welding residual stress |
| CN110576289A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2019-12-17 | 上海电气核电设备有限公司 | Clamping tool for improving forming quality of butt weld of heat exchange tube and welding process thereof |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111940584A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2020-11-17 | 东莞材料基因高等理工研究院 | Device and method capable of reducing residual stress of butt weld of dissimilar metal cylinder |
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Application publication date: 20200522 |
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