CN107150166B - A kind of heat source assisted recombination formula twin shaft needleless dynamic agitation friction welding method - Google Patents
A kind of heat source assisted recombination formula twin shaft needleless dynamic agitation friction welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107150166B CN107150166B CN201710477544.0A CN201710477544A CN107150166B CN 107150166 B CN107150166 B CN 107150166B CN 201710477544 A CN201710477544 A CN 201710477544A CN 107150166 B CN107150166 B CN 107150166B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of heat source assisted recombination formula twin shaft needleless dynamic agitation friction welding method, using positive and negative electrode dynamic clamp head and it is oriented to pre- bearing up pulley completion clamping workpiece to be welded, high-density current is provided to inside workpiece to be welded by direct-current switch power supply, the metal for treating welder's part seam crossing preheats；High-speed rotating stirring-head is pressed into seam two sides, normal pressure is applied by metal at shaft shoulder abutment joint, softens the metal material of seam crossing；High-speed rotating stirring-head makes the metal structure of seam crossing reach plastifying state under agitating friction effect, while carrying out micro- forging processing using metal of the ultrasonic wave excitation device to plasticizing；Workpiece to be welded is with welding bench along the direction feed motion forward of seam, and the metal of plasticizing is formed by cavity after being constantly filled into stirring-head movement under the stirring and squeezing action of stirring-head, and gradually cooled and solidified forms final weld seam；The present invention mitigates the abrasion of stirring-head, increases throat thickness, improves bonding speed, reduces welding defect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Friction Stir Weldings and forming technique field, and in particular to a kind of heat source assisted recombination formula twin shaft without
Needle dynamic agitation friction welding method.
Background technique
It is a solid-phase welding technology that agitating friction, which welds (FSW), is used primarily for low-melting-point metal (such as aluminium alloy and magnesium alloy
Deng) connection, due to the not fusing of material during FSW, so the technology can avoid common in conventional fused weldering split
The problems such as line, stomata and deformation, and it is lower to operation and equipment requirement.Although more next to the research of agitating friction welding technology
It is more deep, but there are still shortcomings for the technology.
Friction Stir Welding mainly passes through stirring of the stirring-head to workpiece, and the gold around workpiece joint is made by frictional heat generation
Belong to and be heated to the connection that mecystasis realizes workpiece, welding process needs to apply biggish pressing force and stirring by stirring-head
The power that head travels forward.Therefore, it welds in agitating friction under special hot environment, when welding higher melting-point metal material, stirs
It mixes head and wears more serious and equipment generally than cumbersome and complicated.In addition, when welding the material that fusing point is high, thickness is big, welding
Speed is often lower.When welding, workpiece needs to be welded are rigidly fixed, and more demanding to equipment clamping, the back side of weld seam needs to add
Backing plate carries out rigid support, and the weld seam end that postwelding obtains will form keyhole defect.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the disadvantages of the above prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of heat source assisted recombination formula twin shafts
Needleless dynamic agitation friction welding method can make to weld active force reduction, mitigate the abrasion of stirring-head, greatly extend stirring
The service life of head；Simplify welding equipment and fixture installation requirement, realize the Friction Stir Welding of big thickness workpiece, improves welding speed
Rate reduces welding defect, avoids postwelding from forming keyhole, improves the intensity of welding point.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows:
A kind of heat source assisted recombination formula twin shaft needleless dynamic agitation friction welding method, comprising the following steps:
1) the first workpiece 1 and the second workpiece 2 to be welded to be welded the clamping of workpiece to be welded: is passed through into cathode dynamic clamp head 3, just
Pole dynamic clamp head 4, first is oriented to pre- bearing up pulley 5 and the second pre- 6 clamping of bearing up pulley of guiding is fixed on welding bench, make first to
Welder's part 1 and the second workpiece 2 to be welded can only be moved with welding bench along seam direction；First workpiece 1 and second to be welded is to be welded
It is docked between workpiece 2 for gapless, the pre- bearing up pulley 5 of the first guiding and the second pre- bearing up pulley 6 of guiding need to carry out insulation processing；
2) preheating of workpiece to be welded: positive dynamic clamp head 4, the second workpiece to be welded 2, the first workpiece 1 to be welded, cathode dynamic
Clamping head 3 forms closed current loop by conducting wire 11 and the connection of direct-current switch power supply 10, and direct-current switch power supply 10 powers on, electric current
It flows through inside workpiece to be welded and generates resistance heat, keep the metal material of the first workpiece 1 and the second 2 seam crossing of workpiece to be welded to be welded soft
Change, direct-current switch power supply 10 provides the electric current of 500~3000A, and voltage is 3~20V；
3) Friction Stir Welding: high-speed rotating first stirring-head 7 and the second stirring-head 8 are respectively pressed into the first workpiece to be welded
1 and second 2 seam of workpiece to be welded two sides, compression distance be 0.1~1mm, make the metal structure of seam crossing in shaft shoulder a and blade
Reach plastifying state under the agitating friction effect of shape blade c, the revolving speed of the first stirring-head 7 and the second stirring-head 8 is 500~2000
Rev/min；Meanwhile first the ultrasonic wave excitation device 9 connected on stirring-head 7 and the second stirring-head 8 open, along the first stirring-head 7
Micro- forging processing is carried out with the metal being plasticized at 8 axis A-A direction abutment joint of the second stirring-head, makes the metal structure crystal grain of commissure
It is refined；First workpiece 1 and the second workpiece 2 to be welded to be welded with welding bench along the direction feed motion forward of seam,
Feed speed is 20~300mm/min, the stirring and squeezing action of the metal of plasticizing in the first stirring-head 7 and the second stirring-head 8
Under, it is formed by cavity after being constantly filled into stirring-head movement, and gradually cooled and solidified forms final weld seam 1-2, thus complete
At the Friction Stir Welding of the first workpiece 1 and the second 2 seam of workpiece to be welded to be welded.
First stirring-head 7 and the second stirring-head 8 use pin type stirring-head without mixing, by shaft shoulder a, clamp area b and
Foliaceous blade c composition, wherein the end face of shaft shoulder a is plane, and the gap between foliaceous blade c is concave, foliaceous
The end face of blade c is concordant with the end face of shaft shoulder a, and clamp area b or stirring fixture head need to carry out insulation processing, foliaceous blade
Structure c promotes the metal structure of plasticizing to move from front to back along the direction that stirring-head rotates, foliaceous edge structure c and shaft shoulder a
Between inner groovy packet hold together plasticizing metal and to weld seam apply upsetting force, promote appearance of weld smooth.
The cathode dynamic clamp head 3 and positive dynamic clamp head 4 are made of grip slipper and ball, grip slipper and ball
It is made using conductive material, grip slipper shell need to carry out insulation processing.
The invention has the following advantages that
1. the present invention provides resistance heat source using direct-current switch power supply 10 and assists compared with traditional Friction Stir Welding technology
The resistance heat that Friction Stir Welding, seam crossing contact surface and adjacent domain generate softens the metal material of seam crossing, resistance heat
The grain structure that nugget area can be refined in stir friction welding process improves the quality and intensity of welding point；Resistance heat
Make to weld active force reduction, mitigates the abrasion of stirring-head, greatly extend the service life of stirring-head；Simplify welding equipment and fixture
Installation requirement realizes the Friction Stir Welding of big thickness workpiece, improves bonding speed, reduces welding defect, improves welding point
Intensity.
2. using pin type stirring-head without mixing, there is no keyhole defects for the weld seam that postwelding is formed, and avoid traditional stirring
The occurrence of mixing needle of head is easy to wear.Foliaceous blade c can promote the metal structure of plasticizing along the side that stirring-head rotates
To moving from front to back, the inner groovy of shaft shoulder a can wrap the metal of plasticizing and apply upsetting force to weld seam, promote weld seam at
Shape is smooth.
3. improving the flexibility of Friction Stir Welding equipment using the installation way of dynamic clamp, expanding welding equipment
Weldability realizes the streamlined welding of workpiece.
4. being plasticized using ultrasonic wave excitation device 9 along 8 axis A-A direction abutment joint of the first stirring-head 7 and the second stirring-head
Metal carry out micro- forging processing, the metal inside tissue of commissure generates high-frequency vibration, and material activity enhancing reduces agitating friction
Yield stress and flow stress in welding process when Plastic Deformation of Metal Materials obtain the metal structure crystal grain of commissure carefully
Change, reduces as far as possible so that the formation of the commissure heat engine zone of influence and heat affected area is avoided, to make formed final weld seam 1-2
Metal structure form reach the approximate degree for forming nugget completely.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the method for the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic illustration of the method for the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structure chart of the first stirring-head 7 and the second stirring-head 8, and figure (a) is main view, and figure (b) is top view.
Fig. 4 is the sectional view of workpiece obtained by welding processing.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Referring to Fig.1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, a kind of heat source assisted recombination formula twin shaft needleless dynamic agitation friction welding method,
The following steps are included:
1) the first workpiece 1 and the second workpiece 2 to be welded to be welded the clamping of workpiece to be welded: is passed through into cathode dynamic clamp head 3, just
Pole dynamic clamp head 4, first is oriented to pre- bearing up pulley 5 and the second pre- 6 clamping of bearing up pulley of guiding is fixed on welding bench, cathode dynamic
Clamping head 3 and positive dynamic clamp head 4 limit the first workpiece 1 and the second workpiece 2 to be welded to be welded and stir in the first stirring-head 7 and second
The freedom degree on first 8 axis A-A direction is mixed, the pre- bearing up pulley 5 of the first guiding and the second pre- bearing up pulley 6 of guiding limit the first workpiece 1 to be welded
With freedom degree of second workpiece 2 to be welded on the horizontal direction B-B, make the first workpiece 1 and the second workpiece 2 to be welded to be welded can only be with weldering
Workbench is connect to move along seam direction；It is docked between first workpiece 1 and the second workpiece 2 to be welded to be welded for gapless, cathode dynamic
Clamping head 3 and positive dynamic clamp head 4 are made of grip slipper and ball, and grip slipper and ball are made using conductive material,
Grip slipper shell need to carry out insulation processing, be mainly used to carry out workpiece dynamic clamp and as the electrode of resistance heat source；First
It is oriented to pre- bearing up pulley 5 and the second pre- bearing up pulley 6 of guiding needs to carry out insulation processing, prevent equipment from danger of hazardous electrical discharges occurs；Before clamping, need
Cleaning treatment is carried out to the joint surface of the first workpiece 1 and the second workpiece 2 to be welded to be welded, degrease, do not need to remove
Oxidation film；
2) preheating of workpiece to be welded: positive dynamic clamp head 4, the second workpiece to be welded 2, the first workpiece 1 to be welded, cathode dynamic
Clamping head 3 forms closed current loop by conducting wire 11 and the connection of direct-current switch power supply 10, and direct-current switch power supply 10 powers on, electric current
Direction is as shown in the arrow label direction in Fig. 2 on conducting wire 11；Electric current flows through inside workpiece to be welded and generates resistance heat, high speed rotation
The first stirring-head 7 and after the second stirring-head 8 is respectively pressed into the two sides of the first workpiece 1 to be welded and the second 2 seam of workpiece to be welded, lead to
Application normal pressure at the shaft shoulder abutment joint of the first stirring-head 7 and the second stirring-head 8 is crossed, passes through the first workpiece 1 to be welded using electric current
The resistance heat generated with the second 2 seam crossing contact surface of workpiece to be welded and adjacent domain softens the metal material of seam crossing；Resistance
Heat can refine the grain structure in nugget area in stir friction welding process, improve the quality and intensity of welding point；Direct current
Switching Power Supply 10 provides the electric current of 500~2000A, and voltage is 3~20V；
3) Friction Stir Welding: high-speed rotating first stirring-head 7 and the second stirring-head 8 are respectively pressed into the first workpiece to be welded
1 and second 2 seam of workpiece to be welded two sides, compression distance is 0.1~1mm, the metal structure for softening seam crossing in shaft shoulder a and
Reaching plastifying state under the agitating friction effect of foliaceous blade c, the revolving speed of the first stirring-head 7 and the second stirring-head 8 is 500~
2000 revs/min；Meanwhile first the ultrasonic wave excitation device 9 connected on stirring-head 7 and the second stirring-head 8 open, along the first stirring
First 7 and 8 axis A-A direction abutment joint of the second stirring-head at the metal that is plasticized carry out micro- forging processing, the metal inside group of commissure
Generation high-frequency vibration, material activity enhancing are knitted, surrender when reducing Plastic Deformation of Metal Materials in stir friction welding process is answered
Power and flow stress refine the metal structure crystal grain of commissure；Then, the first workpiece 1 and the second workpiece 2 to be welded to be welded
With welding bench along the direction feed motion forward of seam, feed speed is 20~300mm/min, and the metal of plasticizing is the
Under the stirring and squeezing action of one stirring-head 7 and the second stirring-head 8, cavity is formed by after being constantly filled into stirring-head movement
In, and gradually cooled and solidified forms final weld seam 1-2, to complete stirring for the first workpiece 1 to be welded and the second 2 seam of workpiece to be welded
Mix friction welding.
Referring to Fig. 3, first stirring-head 7 and the second stirring-head 8 use pin type stirring-head without mixing, by shaft shoulder a,
Retained part b and foliaceous edge structure c composition, is made of tool steel, and wherein the end face of shaft shoulder a is plane, foliaceous
Gap between edge structure c is concave, and the end face of foliaceous edge structure c is concordant with the end face of shaft shoulder a, retained part b
Or stirring fixture head needs to do insulation processing, prevents equipment from danger of hazardous electrical discharges occurs；Foliaceous edge structure c can promote to be plasticized
Metal structure moved from front to back along the direction that stirring-head rotates, the inner groovy between foliaceous edge structure c and shaft shoulder a can
To wrap the metal of plasticizing and apply upsetting force to weld seam, promote appearance of weld smooth.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of heat source assisted recombination formula twin shaft needleless dynamic agitation friction welding method, which comprises the following steps:
1) clamping of workpiece to be welded: by the first workpiece (1) to be welded and the second workpiece (2) to be welded by cathode dynamic clamp head (3),
Positive dynamic clamp head (4), the pre- bearing up pulley (5) of the first guiding and the second pre- bearing up pulley (6) clamping of guiding are fixed on welding bench,
Move the first workpiece (1) to be welded and the second workpiece (2) to be welded can only with welding bench along seam direction；First workpiece to be welded
(1) it is docked between the second workpiece (2) to be welded for gapless, the pre- bearing up pulley (5) of the first guiding and the second pre- bearing up pulley (6) of guiding need
Carry out insulation processing；
2) preheating of workpiece to be welded: positive dynamic clamp head (4), the second workpiece (2) to be welded, the first workpiece (1) to be welded, cathode are dynamic
State clamping head (3) forms closed current loop, direct-current switch power supply by conducting wire (11) and direct-current switch power supply (10) connection
(10) it powers on, electric current flows through inside workpiece to be welded and generates resistance heat, connects the first workpiece (1) to be welded and the second workpiece (2) to be welded
Metal material softening at seam, direct-current switch power supply (10) provide the electric current of 500~3000A, and voltage is 3~20V；
3) Friction Stir Welding: high-speed rotating first stirring-head (7) and the second stirring-head (8) are respectively pressed into the first workpiece to be welded
(1) and the two sides of the second workpiece (2) seam to be welded, compression distance are 0.1~1mm, make the metal structure of seam crossing in the shaft shoulder (a)
Reach plastifying state, turn of the first stirring-head (7) and the second stirring-head (8) under acting on the agitating friction of foliaceous blade (c)
Speed is 500~2000 revs/min；Meanwhile the first ultrasonic wave excitation device (9) connected on stirring-head (7) and the second stirring-head (8)
It opens, the metal being plasticized along the first stirring-head (7) and the second stirring-head (8) axis A-A direction abutment joint carries out micro- forging processing,
Refine the metal structure crystal grain of commissure；First workpiece (1) to be welded and the second workpiece (2) to be welded are with welding bench edge
The direction feed motion forward of seam, feed speed be 20~300mm/min, the metal of plasticizing in the first stirring-head (7) and
Under the stirring and squeezing action of second stirring-head (8), it is formed by cavity after being constantly filled into stirring-head movement, and gradually cold
But solidification forms final weld seam (1-2), so that the stirring for completing the first workpiece (1) to be welded and the second workpiece (2) seam to be welded rubs
Wipe welding；
First stirring-head (7) and the second stirring-head (8) use pin type stirring-head without mixing, by the shaft shoulder (a), clamp area
(b) it forms with foliaceous blade (c), is made of tool steel, wherein the end face of the shaft shoulder (a) is plane, foliaceous blade (c)
Between gap be concave, the end face of foliaceous blade (c) and the end face of the shaft shoulder (a) are concordant, clamp area (b) or stirring-head
Fixture needs to carry out insulation processing, and foliaceous blade (c) promotes the metal structure of plasticizing along the direction that stirring-head rotates from going to
After move, the inner groovy packet between foliaceous blade (c) and the shaft shoulder (a) hold together the metal of plasticizing and to weld seam apply upsetting force,
Promote appearance of weld smooth.
2. a kind of heat source assisted recombination formula twin shaft needleless dynamic agitation friction welding method according to claim 1, special
Sign is: the cathode dynamic clamp head (3) and positive dynamic clamp head (4) are made of grip slipper and ball, grip slipper and
Ball is made using conductive material, and grip slipper shell need to carry out insulation processing.
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| CN201710477544.0A CN107150166B (en) | 2017-06-21 | 2017-06-21 | A kind of heat source assisted recombination formula twin shaft needleless dynamic agitation friction welding method |
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| CN107150166B true CN107150166B (en) | 2019-07-02 |
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| JP6901001B2 (en) | 2018-03-20 | 2021-07-14 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Rotating tool for double-sided friction stir welding, double-sided friction stir welding device, and double-sided friction stir welding method |
| CN110076441B (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2021-05-04 | 大连理工大学 | Ultrasonic vibration assisted heterogeneous metal rotary friction welding method |
| CN110014221A (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-07-16 | 辽宁忠旺铝合金精深加工有限公司 | A kind of adjusting technique of agitating friction weldering post welding distortion |
| CN113146021B (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2022-06-28 | 东南大学 | Additive manufacturing device and manufacturing method based on hot wire friction micro-forging |
| CN114101938B (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2024-05-14 | 贵州大学 | Preheating method and laser welding method for bolt and fixing piece |
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| CN107150166A (en) | 2017-09-12 |
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