CN109550930A - 一种磁弹性材料在4d打印中的应用 - Google Patents

一种磁弹性材料在4d打印中的应用 Download PDF

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CN109550930A
CN109550930A CN201710882123.6A CN201710882123A CN109550930A CN 109550930 A CN109550930 A CN 109550930A CN 201710882123 A CN201710882123 A CN 201710882123A CN 109550930 A CN109550930 A CN 109550930A
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dimensional structure
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李琦
杨炜沂
朱朋飞
王荣
鞠小晶
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Institute of Metal Research of CAS
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    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
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    • H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/10—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials non-metallic substances, e.g. ferrites, e.g. [(Ba,Sr)O(Fe2O3)6] ferrites with hexagonal structure
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    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
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Abstract

本发明公开一种磁弹性材料在4D打印中的应用，属于复合磁性材料以及4D打印技术领域。将磁性组元与柔性基底材料形成复合物浆料，再将该复合物浆料通过无模直写打印成三维结构，实现该三维结构在外加磁场作用下随着第四维度时间变化具有结构可变的特性，进而实现4D打印。利用该4D打印技术，可以实现所打印的三维结构在外加磁场作用下的快速变形，实现三维结构的非触碰调节。

Description

一种磁弹性材料在4D打印中的应用
技术领域：
本发明涉及复合磁性材料以及4D打印技术领域，具体涉及一种磁弹性材料在4D打印中的应用。
背景技术：
随着3D打印技术的发展，其在金属、陶瓷、塑料、生物等领域的研究日趋深入，4D打印技术也在世界上引起广泛关注。4D打印技术是指利用材料形状记忆或可恢复特性，将3D打印的物体赋予第四维度时间的变化。该技术的发展，将可以实现智能化材料的制造以及推动智能传感器件的进一步走向应用。
但是目前的4D打印技术，可利用热场或者是水环境作为外界刺激，利用材料膨胀、扭曲等产生内应力变形，通过3D打印路径设计，来实现可变形材料在指定的时间内变化成所设计的形状。该类4D打印技术的变形过程往往需要很长的时间，难以实现迅速及时的变形，而且热场与水环境外界条件的获得往往是难以控制的，这些缺陷在很大程度上限制了4D智能打印技术的进一步走向实际。因此，发展新型的、基于快速响应材料的4D打印技术十分有必要。
发明内容：
本发明的目的在于提供一种磁弹性材料在4D打印中的应用，通过无模直写打印成具有磁场响应的三维结构的磁弹性材料，该三维结构在外加磁场作用下随着时间变化具有结构可变的特性，进而实现4D打印。利用该4D打印技术，可以实现所打印的三维结构在外加磁场作用下的快速变形和非触碰调节。
为实现上述目的，本发明所采用的技术方案如下：
一种磁弹性材料在4D打印中的应用，是将3D打印制备的磁弹性材料应用于4D打印中；在外加磁场作用下，该磁弹性材料随着第四维度时间的变化具有结构可变的特性(快速变形)，从而实现4D打印；所述磁弹性材料是由具有磁响应的粉体材料与柔性基底材料复合而成，具有三维结构；其中：所述具有磁响应的粉体材料的含量为10-90wt.％。
所述具有磁响应的粉体材料为铁磁性材料，优选为铁粉、铁氧体粉、四氧化三铁粉、三氧化二铁粉、含铁化合物粉末、铁钴粉、铁镍粉、铁碳粉或铁钴粉；所述柔性基底材料为有机硅胶。
本发明将3D打印制备的磁弹性材料应用于4D打印中的具体过程包括如下步骤：
(1)配制磁性复合浆料：将具有磁响应的粉体材料按比例加入到柔性基底材料中，搅拌均匀后获得磁性复合浆料，即3D打印墨水；所述磁性复合浆料中，具有磁响应的粉体材料的含量为10-90wt.％；
(2)采用无模直写成型技术打印三维结构：将所得磁性复合浆料按照设定的三维结构的运行路径进行打印；
(3)将步骤(2)打印好的三维周期性结构进行固化成型处理，处理温度0-100℃，处理时间24-0.5小时，即获得具有磁场响应的三维结构的磁弹性材料；所制备的磁弹性材料具有柔性可恢复特性；由于含有具有磁响应的粉体材料，该三维结构的磁弹性材料能够在外加磁场作用下变形，并且在外加磁场撤去之后，由于自身弹力的存在实现三维结构的恢复。
(4)将步骤(3)所得磁弹性材料施加外加磁场激励，该磁弹性材料可以实现三维形状随时间的变化；当外加磁场激励撤去之后，该结构恢复到初始状态，显示出三维结构制品随时间变化的特性，至此完成4D打印。
本发明的优点和有益效果如下：
1、本发明通过将磁性组元与柔性基底材料形成复合物浆料，再将该复合物浆料通过无模直写打印成三维结构，实现该三维结构在外加磁场作用下随着第四维度时间变化具有结构可变的特性，进而实现4D打印。
2、利用本发明4D打印技术，可以实现所打印的三维结构在外加磁场作用下的快速变形，实现三维结构的非触碰调节。
附图说明：
图1为实施例1中按照蝴蝶路径进行打印。
图2为实施例1中对热处理过的蝴蝶施加外加变化磁场激励。
图3为实施例1中4D打印蝴蝶在外加磁场作用下快速扇动翅膀。
具体实施方式：
下面结合具体的实施例对本发明做进一步说明。
本发明为磁弹性材料在4D打印中的应用，具体应用过程包括如下步骤：
(a)配制磁性复合浆料：具有磁响应的粉体材料按比例加入到有柔性基底材料中，搅拌均匀后获得磁性复合物浆料。具有磁场响应的磁性粉为铁磁性粉体；所述柔性基底材料为硅胶基高分子材料。所述磁性复合浆料中具有磁场响应的磁性粉体的重量含量为10-90wt％。
(b)采用无模直写打印技术打印三维结构，将步骤(a)所得复合物浆料按照设定三维结构的运行路径进行打印。
(c)将步骤(b)打印好的三维结构进行固化成型处理，处理温度0-200℃，处理时间24-0.5小时，即获得所述具有磁场响应的三维结构。
(d)将步骤(c)固化完毕的的三维结构，施加外加磁场激励，该结构可以实现三维形状随时间的变化；当外加磁场激励撤去之后，该结构恢复到初始状态，显示出三维结构制品随时间变化的特性，至此完成4D打印。
实施例1：
步骤1：铁粉5g，加入到5g道康宁SE1700中，均匀混合成待打印磁性墨水。
步骤2：墨水装入到打印机料筒中，设置蝴蝶模型，进行切片，生成打印路径，按照蝴蝶路径进行打印，如图1所示。
步骤3：对打印好的蝴蝶进行1小时100℃加热固化。
步骤4：对热处理过的蝴蝶施加外加变化磁场激励，如图2所示，实现蝴蝶在第四维运动，如图3所示。
上述实例仅作参考，具有和本发明相似或者从本专利思路出发而延伸的4D打印材料及其技术，均在本发明的保护范围。

Claims (6)

1.一种磁弹性材料在4D打印中的应用，其特征在于：将3D打印制备的磁弹性材料应用于4D打印中；在外加磁场作用下，该磁弹性材料随着第四维度时间的变化具有结构可变的特性，从而实现4D打印；所述磁弹性材料是由具有磁响应的粉体材料与柔性基底材料复合而成，具有三维结构；其中：所述具有磁响应的粉体材料的含量为10-90wt.％。
2.根据权利要求1所述的磁弹性材料在4D打印中的应用，其特征在于：所述具有磁响应的粉体材料为铁磁性材料；所述柔性基底材料为有机硅胶。
3.根据权利要求2所述的磁弹性材料在4D打印中的应用，其特征在于：所述具有磁响应的粉体材料为铁粉、铁氧体粉、四氧化三铁粉、三氧化二铁粉、含铁化合物粉末、铁钴粉、铁镍粉、铁碳粉或铁钴粉。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的磁弹性材料在4D打印中的应用，其特征在于：将3D打印制备的磁弹性材料应用于4D打印中的具体过程包括如下步骤：
(1)配制磁性复合浆料：将具有磁响应的粉体材料按比例加入到柔性基底材料中，搅拌均匀后获得磁性复合浆料，即3D打印墨水；所述磁性复合浆料中，具有磁响应的粉体材料的含量为10-90wt.％；
(2)采用无模直写成型技术打印三维结构：将所得磁性复合浆料按照设定的三维结构的运行路径进行打印；
(3)将步骤(2)打印好的三维周期性结构进行固化成型处理，处理温度0-100℃，处理时间24-0.5小时，即获得具有磁场响应的三维结构的磁弹性材料；
(4)将步骤(3)所得磁弹性材料施加外加磁场激励，该磁弹性材料可以实现三维形状随时间的变化；当外加磁场激励撤去之后，该结构恢复到初始状态，显示出三维结构制品随时间变化的特性，至此完成4D打印。
5.根据权利要求1所述的磁弹性材料在4D打印中的应用，其特征在于：步骤(3)中，所制备的磁弹性材料具有柔性可恢复特性；由于含有具有高磁导率的粉体材料，该三维结构的磁弹性材料能够在外加磁场作用下变形，并且在外加磁场撤去之后，由于自身弹力的存在实现三维结构的恢复。
6.根据权利要求1所述的磁弹性材料在4D打印中的应用，其特征在于：利用该4D打印技术，能够实现所打印的三维结构在外加磁场作用下的实时变形，实现三维结构的非触碰调节。
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CN114605772A (zh) * 2020-12-03 2022-06-10 中国科学院金属研究所 一种基于光响应的4d打印材料及其应用
CN115302761A (zh) * 2022-09-15 2022-11-08 天津大学 一种使用磁性打印材料的4d打印系统及4d打印方法
CN115785731A (zh) * 2022-12-01 2023-03-14 中山大学 一种3d打印磁响应墨水及其制备方法和应用

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CN110600254B (zh) * 2019-09-29 2020-10-30 华中科技大学 一种适用于磁性复合材料的4d打印制造方法
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CN113733550A (zh) * 2021-08-31 2021-12-03 兰州大学 一种磁-热敏多材料智能结构的制备方法
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CN115785731A (zh) * 2022-12-01 2023-03-14 中山大学 一种3d打印磁响应墨水及其制备方法和应用
CN115785731B (zh) * 2022-12-01 2023-10-24 中山大学 一种3d打印磁响应墨水及其制备方法和应用

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