A method of improving soybean Recurrent population genic male sterile line natural outcrossing
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural technology field more particularly to a kind of raising soybean Recurrent population genic male sterile line are naturally different
The method of friendship rate.
Background technique
The problems such as hereditary basis that conventional hybridization can be solved using Recurrent selection population breeding is narrow, the technical program it is big
Beans male sterile line can be by insect pollination, the drawback for overcoming conventional breeding hereditary basis narrow, and hybrid process is simple, does not have to
Artificial hybridization, the drawbacks of avoiding low artificial pollination setting percentage, waste of manpower, material resources.The utilization of soybean male sterile gene can
Overcome the polygenic difficulty of synthetic polymeric, is that bright prospects are opened up in application of the recurrent selection in population improvement.
The florescence of soybean Genetic Sterility material is up to one month or so, and the florescence of local conventional variety is generally at 10 days or so.
Early soybean summer sowing is bloomed ahead of time, and the florescence was at 7 days or so, if early July is sowed, August just starts to bloom;If summer soybean early July
Sowing, starts to bloom, the florescence was at 10 days or so mid-August;If soybean male sterile material early July is sowed, August is just bloomed,
At the beginning of longer blooming period to September.If if all native breeds all select local summer soybean varieties or spring big in Recurrent population building
The time of beans kind, entire florescence male sterile material and ground kind flower synchronization is about 15 days or so, soybean male sterile material
Short compared with the flower synchronization time of conventional variety, the Pod Bearing Percentage of sterile plant is not high.It is badly in need of a kind of raising soybean circulation group at present
The method of male sterile line natural outcrossing in body building.
Summary of the invention
Against the above technical problems, the invention discloses a kind of raising soybean Recurrent population genic male sterile line Natural cross pollinatios
The method of rate significantly improves the natural outcrossing of soybean male sterile material by variety selection and field management method etc..
In this regard, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows:
A kind of method of high soybean Recurrent population genic male sterile line natural outcrossing comprising following steps:
Step S1, variety selection select the early soybean of different growing and summer soybean varieties to be mixed, then with soybean
Male sterile material carries out mixed planting;
Step S2, experimental field selects, and selection has the mountain area level land of insect pollinator, preceding stubble kind corn, rice;
Step S3, site preparation;
Step S4, sowing, the step S1 soya seeds mixed are broadcasted sowing;
Step S5, field management, after planting spray herbicide is closed, seedling stage not thinning, and weeds carry out with seeing with removing
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and tillage and weeding ridging, but it is careful not to desinsection in entire florescence, the later period carries out bean-pod borer prevention and treatment;
Step S6, harvesting.
It adopts this technical solution, selects the summer soybean varieties collocation of the early soybean kind and different growing of different growing
With male sterile material mixed planting, in order to allow soybean male sterile material can be with conventional variety at the entire florescence
Flower synchronization, and by variety selection and field management method and etc., significantly improve the natural of soybean male sterile material
Outcrossing rate.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the early soybean and summer soybean mixing material and soybean male sterile material
Weight proportion is (4.5~5.5): 1.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S1, the number of the early soybean and summer soybean proportion for (1~
1.5):1.Further, the number of the early soybean and summer soybean proportion is (1.1~1.35): 1.
As a further improvement of the present invention, it in step S3, after Soil tillage is raked, is opened by 40~50cm of line-spacing
Row.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S4, early July by the soya seeds mixed by 1.33 ten thousand plants/
The density of mu is broadcasted sowing.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S6, after soybean mature, the seed harvested in sterile plant in batches is carried out
Sunning.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S5, not desinsection of entire florescence.Not desinsection of entire florescence, is conducive to
Insect pollinator pollinates, to improve the natural outcrossing of soybean male sterile material.
In addition, carrying out mixed seeding, sterile material in Recurrent population only with early soybean and soybean male sterile material
5 pod plant below of Natural cross pollinatio pod account for 97.3%, more than 5 pods account for 2.7%.Only with summer soybean and soybean male
Sterile material carries out mixed seeding, and 5 pod plant below of Natural cross pollinatio pod of sterile material account for 90.6%, 5 in Recurrent population
More than a pod account for 9.4%.Mixed seeding is carried out using different growing early soybean, summer soybean and soybean male sterile material,
5 pod plant below of the Natural cross pollinatio pod of sterile material account for 0.00% in Recurrent population, more than 5 pods account for 100%, pod number
It is more can a pod up to more than 60.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the benefit that
It is big by the early soybean kind of selection different growing and the summer of different growing using technical solution of the present invention
Beans variety matching and male sterile material mixed planting, allow soybean male sterile material can be with conventional variety at the entire florescence
Flower synchronization;By variety selection and field management method etc., the natural outcrossing of soybean male sterile material is significantly improved.
Specific embodiment
Preferably embodiment of the invention is described in further detail below.
Embodiment 1
The soybean planting method of Guangxi Xingye County testing site described in the present embodiment is as follows:
(1) variety selection: 62 portions of early soybeans of different growing and 51 parts of summer soybean varieties is selected to be mixed, wherein
Every part of seed grain number is identical;Then mixed planting is carried out with male sterile material again, mixed weight proportion is 5:1;Selection 62
Part early soybean is mixed, and then carries out mixed planting with male sterile material again, and mixed weight proportion is 5:1;51 parts of selection
Summer soybean is mixed, and then carries out mixed planting with male sterile material again, and mixed weight proportion is 5:1;
(2) it experimental field selects: the more mountain area level land of insect pollinators such as selection wild bee, preceding stubble kind rice;
(3) site preparation: after Soil tillage is raked, started by line-spacing 45cm;
(4) sow: early July is broadcasted sowing the soya seeds mixed by 1.33 ten thousand plants/acre of density;
(5) field management: after planting spray herbicide is closed, seedling stage not thinning, and weeds should carry out in time with seeing with removing
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and tillage and weeding ridging, are careful not to desinsection in florescence;Later period carries out bean-pod borer prevention and treatment;
(6) harvest: after soybean mature, the seed harvested in sterile plant in time is dried.Not because of the sterile plant seed ripe phase
Unanimously, it harvests in batches, guarantees seed quality.
113 portions of industrial testing site early soybean and summer soybean mixing material and Soybean male sterile line mixed planting, sterile plant
On Pod Bearing Percentage it is higher, the number that bears pods is at 10 or more, and some sterile plants number that bears pods reaches more than 60, comparing result such as 1 institute of table
Show.
The Comparative result table of table 1 embodiment, 1 three kinds of situations
Embodiment 2
The soybean planting method of Laibin city of Guangxi testing site described in the present embodiment is as follows:
(1) variety selection: 30 portions of early soybeans of different growing and 27 parts of summer soybean varieties is selected to be mixed, wherein
Every part of seed grain number is identical;Then mixed planting is carried out with male sterile material again, mixed weight proportion is 4.5:1;
(2) it experimental field selects: the more mountain area level land of insect pollinators such as selection wild bee, preceding stubble kind corn;
(3) site preparation: after Soil tillage is raked, started by line-spacing 45cm;
(4) sow: early July is broadcasted sowing the soya seeds mixed by 1.33 ten thousand plants/acre of density;
(5) field management: after planting spray herbicide is closed, seedling stage not thinning, and weeds should carry out in time with seeing with removing
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and tillage and weeding ridging, are careful not to desinsection in florescence;Later period carries out bean-pod borer prevention and treatment;
(6) harvest: after soybean mature, the seed harvested in sterile plant in time is dried.Not because of the sterile plant seed ripe phase
Unanimously, it harvests in batches, guarantees seed quality.
Pod Bearing Percentage is also preferable in the soybean male sterile plant of Laibin City testing site, in sterile plant bearing pods number also 10 with
On, some sterile plants, which bear pods to count, reaches more than 20, and overall result is as shown in table 2.
The result that bears pods of 2 embodiment 2 of table
Embodiment 3
The soybean planting method of Evalution In Duan County testing site described in the present embodiment is as follows:
(1) variety selection: 32 portions of early soybeans of different growing and 24 parts of summer soybean varieties is selected to be mixed, wherein
Every part of seed grain number is identical;Then mixed planting is carried out with male sterile material again, mixed weight proportion is 5.5:1;
(2) it experimental field selects: the more mountain area level land of insect pollinators such as selection wild bee, preceding stubble kind corn;
(3) site preparation: after Soil tillage is raked, started by line-spacing 45cm;
(4) sow: early July is broadcasted sowing the soya seeds mixed by 1.33 ten thousand plants/acre of density;
(5) field management: after planting spray herbicide is closed, seedling stage not thinning, and weeds should carry out in time with seeing with removing
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and tillage and weeding ridging, are careful not to desinsection in florescence;Later period carries out bean-pod borer prevention and treatment;
(6) harvest: after soybean mature, the seed harvested in sterile plant in time is dried.Not because of the sterile plant seed ripe phase
Unanimously, it harvests in batches, guarantees seed quality.
All Pod Bearing Percentage is also preferable in An County testing site soybean male sterile plant, in sterile plant bearing pods number also 10 with
On, some sterile plants, which bear pods to count, reaches more than 20, and overall result is as shown in table 3.
The result that bears pods of 3 embodiment 3 of table
Through the foregoing embodiment and comparison is as it can be seen that using technical solution of the present invention, after early soybean and summer soybean are mixed,
It is sowed after being mixed again with soybean male sterile material, the ratio that 5 pod plant below account for is almost 0, is substantially all 5
It is more than pod.
The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be said that
Specific implementation of the invention is only limited to these instructions.For those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs, exist
Under the premise of not departing from present inventive concept, a number of simple deductions or replacements can also be made, all shall be regarded as belonging to of the invention
Protection scope.