CN109511494A - A kind of salt-soda soil cultivating method of crop - Google Patents
A kind of salt-soda soil cultivating method of crop Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
- A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/12—Asteraceae or Compositae [Aster or Sunflower family], e.g. daisy, pyrethrum, artichoke, lettuce, sunflower, wormwood or tarragon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of salt-soda soil cultivating method of crop, belong to crop planting technical field, comprising the following steps: prepare soil conditioner: 35-40 parts of peanut shell, 30-40 parts of beans stalk powder, 20-30 parts of cotton seed hulls, 50-60 parts of alga fertilizer are uniformly mixed；Turn over whole soil；Seeds preprocess: first corn seed is impregnated 4-8 hours with cycocel, being then immersed in temperature is 30-45 DEG C by sodium alginate: chitin: inulin: water is in the suspension solution of 6:2:10:100 quality proportioning, it is immersed after pulling out in the water lower than 4 DEG C 5-60 seconds, drains the water after then pulling corn seed out and dried in the case where temperature is 20-30 DEG C of environment.The used raw material sources of implantation methods of the invention are extensive, cheap, convenient transportation, reduce the production cost of corn, can effectively improve corn yield, make to become practical in salt-soda soil popularization corn planting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to crop planting technical field, in particular to a kind of salt-soda soil cultivating method of crop.
Background technique
Salt-soda soil refers to that salinity contained by soil the inside influences the normal growth of crop.The salinization of soil is a world
Property problem, whole world saline-alkali soil area is 1,000,000,000 hectares about nearly, and China has 99,130,000 hectares, is roughly equal to 14.7 hundred million mu, the whole nation nearly 100
Multiple cities are seated saline-alkali soil distributed area, and agriculture plantation is main to concentrate because of the underproduction, nearly 500,000,000 mu of old-field caused by salinization of soil
In these arid and semi-arid lands of North China, northwest and northeast.In addition in cultivation, chemical fertilizer is excessively applied for a long time, is caused
Pedotransfer function aggravation, it is hardened serious, expand salinization, alkali-affected soil constantly.In addition, there are also more than 18000 kilometers in China
The shore based on chloride of large area is distributed in long mainland coastline, the seashores such as Bohai and Yellow Seas and East Sea littoral plain
The common feature of sea salt alkaline earth, these areas is that soil property salt content is all high, is mostly the barren land that plant is not easy to grow.It is saline and alkaline
Harm causes in a large amount of, low-yield land and peasant are poor, and large area soil resource is difficult to be utilized.Saline-alkali soil as a kind of resource,
Have 80% or so utilization, the exploitation in large area salt marsh wasteland and the prevention and treatment of Irrigated Area Soils salinization of soil is not yet received in China, will be
Solve the important channel of 1,600,000,000 population food problem of 21 century China.Utilization especially in China's arid, semiarid zone is asked
Topic, to Agriculture Production, management of national land, ecological environmental protection etc. is extremely important.
The salt-soda soil in China is varied, and distribution is wider, about 100,000,000 hectares of the area of saline-alkali soil, is equivalent to China ten
800000000 mu of cultivated area, it can be realized that it has very big developing and utilizingpotentiality.Wherein, beach saline land is that China is important
Salt-soda soil land type, existing more than 18,000 kilometers of coastline, distributing position is wider, and Bohai Rim is distributed with greatly
The beach saline land of amount.
Corn is only second to paddy and wheat, third is occupied in cereal crops in the sown area in China up to 300,000,000 mu or so at present
Position, protein, fat, vitamin, microelement and cellulose rich in etc., are qualified Gao Ying in corn crop
Food is supported, since salinity contained by alkaline land soil itself is excessively high, in the corn of salt-soda soil growth, soil liquid concentration is close or big
In maize cell solution concentration, according to plant cell osmosis principle, maize cell be difficult to be absorbed into inorganic nutrient substance and
Moisture causes corn because itself lacking inorganic nutrient substance and water due to death, there is no effective ways to solve at present beautiful in salt-soda soil
Rice normal growth, while resisting the problem of saline-alkali land is coerced.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of light moderate saline-alkali soil plantation spring that effectively can be grown, increase production in salt-soda soil
The method of corn solves the corn yield demand that China urgently faces.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention the following technical schemes are provided:
A kind of salt-soda soil cultivating method of crop, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: preparing soil conditioner: by 35-40 parts of peanut shell, 30-40 parts of beans stalk powder, 20-30 parts of cotton seed hulls, alga fertilizer
50-60 parts are uniformly mixed；
Step 2: turning over whole soil: by step 1 preparation soil conditioner according to 430-500kg/ it is per mu it is even apply, deep plough 30-
40cm；
Step 3: Seeds preprocess: first with cycocel by corn seed impregnate 4-8 hour, be then immersed in temperature for 30-45 DEG C by
Sodium alginate: chitin: inulin: water is to be immersed in the water lower than 4 DEG C after pulling out in the suspension of 6:2:10:100 quality proportioning
It 10 seconds, drains the water after then pulling corn seed out and is dried within 24 hours in the case where temperature is 25 DEG C of environment；The configuration of the suspension
Method is to heat the water to 60 DEG C of heat preservations, and sodium alginate is added after mixing evenly, is successively separately added into inulin, chitin stirring
It is even, it is cooled to 30-45 DEG C, becomes uniform suspension；
Step 4: conventionally increasing nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer, sowing, irrigation, top dressing.
The present invention also has following additional technical feature:
Preferably, with the ground maize planting after harvest jerusalem artichoke.
Preferably, 38 parts of peanut shell, 35 parts of beans stalk powder, 25 parts of cotton seed hulls, 58 parts of alga fertilizer in the step 1, by weight
Part meter.
Preferably, in the step 3, first corn seed is impregnated 6 hours with cycocel, being then immersed in temperature is 35 DEG C
By sodium alginate: chitin: inulin: water is to be immersed in 0 DEG C of water after pulling out in the suspension solution of 6:2:10:100 quality proportioning
It 10 seconds, drains the water after then pulling corn seed out and is dried in the case where temperature is 25 DEG C of environment.
The present invention compared to the prior art, the advantage is that:
1. the used raw material sources of implantation methods of the invention are extensive, cheap, convenient transportation, higher operating costs useless
Strain and modifying agent reduce the production cost of corn, make to become practical in salt-soda soil popularization corn planting；
2. can effectively improve corn planting soil quality using the method for jerusalem artichoke and Corn Rotation System plantation and improve corn production
Amount.
3. its barren ability of salt resistance alkali can be increased using cycocel processing corn seed, corn yield is improved.
4. after sodium alginate, chitin and inulin processing corn seed one layer of water storage can be formed in the surface of the seed
Ventilated membrane guarantees seed in the antibacterial in salt-soda soil, salinity and alkalinity resistance and germination percentage.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Corn variety: green agriculture 105；
Experimental Base: Minle in Gansn river shoal salt-soda soil, soil horizon pH8.7；
Sowing date: April 16, harvest date September 22nd；
The preparation of alga fertilizer: after taking new fresh seaweed spontaneous fermentation to degenerate, drying removes moisture to obtain the final product.
Step 1: preparing soil conditioner: 38 parts of peanut shell, 35 parts of beans stalk powder, 25 parts of cotton seed hulls, 58 parts of alga fertilizer are mixed
It closes uniformly, by weight；
Step 2: turning over whole soil: after jerusalem artichoke crop rotation, the soil conditioner of step 1 preparation even being applied according to 450kg/ is per mu
It spreads, deep plough 30-40cm；
Step 3: Seeds preprocess: first being impregnated corn seed 6 hours with cycocel, being then immersed in temperature is 35 DEG C by seaweed
Sour sodium: chitin: inulin: water is in the suspension of 6:2:10:100 proportion, after pulling out 10 seconds in water of the immersion lower than 4 DEG C, so
It drains the water after corn seed is pulled out afterwards and is dried within 24 hours in the case where temperature is 25 DEG C of environment；The configuration method of the suspension is will
Water is heated to 60 DEG C of heat preservations, and sodium alginate is added after mixing evenly, is successively separately added into inulin, chitin stirs evenly, cooling
To 30-45 DEG C, become uniform suspension；
Step 4: nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer, sowing, irrigation, top dressing are conventionally increased, 3000 plants per acre.
Embodiment 2
Corn variety: green agriculture 105；
Experimental Base: Minle in Gansn river shoal salt-soda soil, soil horizon pH8.7；
Sowing date: April 16, harvest date September 22nd；
The preparation of alga fertilizer: after taking new fresh seaweed spontaneous fermentation to degenerate, drying removes moisture to obtain the final product.
Step 1: preparing soil conditioner: 35 parts of peanut shell, 40 parts of beans stalk powder, 30 parts of cotton seed hulls, 55 parts of alga fertilizer are mixed
It closes uniform；
Step 2: turning over whole soil: by step 1 preparation soil conditioner according to 500kg/ it is per mu it is even apply, deep plough 30-40cm；
Step 3: Seeds preprocess: first being impregnated corn seed 5 hours with cycocel, being then immersed in temperature is 40 DEG C by seaweed
Sour sodium: chitin: inulin: water is to be immersed 50 in the water lower than 4 DEG C after pulling out in the suspension solution of 6:2:10:100 quality proportioning
Second, it drains the water after then pulling corn seed out and is dried within 30 hours in the case where temperature is 30 DEG C of environment；
Step 4: nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer, sowing, irrigation, top dressing are conventionally increased, 3000 plants per acre.
Embodiment 3
Corn variety: green agriculture 105；
Experimental Base: Minle in Gansn river shoal salt-soda soil, soil horizon pH8.7；
Sowing date: April 16, harvest date September 22nd；
The preparation of alga fertilizer: after taking new fresh seaweed spontaneous fermentation to degenerate, drying removes moisture to obtain the final product.
Step 1: preparing soil conditioner: 35 parts of peanut shell, 38 parts of beans stalk powder, 22 parts of cotton seed hulls, 55 parts of alga fertilizer are mixed
It closes uniform；
Step 2: turning over whole soil: by step 1 preparation soil conditioner according to 440kg/ it is per mu it is even apply, deep plough 30-40cm；
Step 3: Seeds preprocess: first being impregnated corn seed 8 hours with cycocel, being then immersed in temperature is 35 DEG C by seaweed
Sour sodium: chitin: inulin: water is to be immersed 60 in the water lower than 4 DEG C after pulling out in the suspension solution of 6:2:10:100 quality proportioning
Second, it drains the water after then pulling corn seed out and is dried within 34 hours in the case where temperature is 20 DEG C of environment；
Step 4: nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer, sowing, irrigation, top dressing are conventionally increased, 3000 plants per acre.
For comparative example 1 without soil conditioner is used, other are same as Example 1.
For comparative example 2 without cycocel is used, other are same as Example 1.
For comparative example 3 without sodium alginate, chitin, inulin aqueous solution is used, other are same as Example 1.
The not crop rotation jerusalem artichoke before maize planting of comparative example 4, other are same as Example 1.
Correlation test is carried out after above-mentioned experimental example harvest corn, as a result such as table 1:
Table 1
| 0-20 ㎝ soil pH value | Plant height cm | Spike length cm | Bud ratio % | Yield pound/acre | |
| Embodiment 1 | 7.8 | 183 | 20.2 | 96.3 | 1078 |
| Comparative example 1 | 8.4 | 161 | 16.3 | 64.8 | 216 |
| Comparative example 2 | 7.6 | 180 | 18.2 | 90.4 | 782 |
| Comparative example 3 | 7.5 | 182 | 21.0 | 76.5 | 617 |
| Comparative example 4 | 7.9 | 179 | 17.8 | 92.4 | 895 |
As shown in Table 1, the pH value of soil horizon can be effectively reduced in salt-soda soil corn planting method of the invention, improves corn growth
Adaptability improves bud ratio and corn yield.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of salt-soda soil cultivating method of crop, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: preparing soil conditioner: by 35-40 parts of peanut shell, 30-40 parts of beans stalk powder, 20-30 parts of cotton seed hulls, alga fertilizer
50-60 parts are uniformly mixed, by weight；
Step 2: turning over whole soil: by step 1 preparation soil conditioner according to 430-500kg/ it is per mu it is even apply, deep plough 30-
40cm；
Step 3: Seeds preprocess: first with cycocel by corn seed impregnate 4-8 hour, be then immersed in temperature for 30-45 DEG C by
Sodium alginate: chitin: inulin: water is that the water lower than 4 DEG C is immersed after pulling out in the suspension solution of 6:2:10:100 quality proportioning
It is 5-60 seconds middle, it drains the water after then pulling corn seed out and is dried in the case where temperature is 20-30 DEG C of environment；
Step 4: conventionally increasing nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer, sowing, irrigation, top dressing.
2. the method for light moderate saline-alkali soil plantation spring maize according to claim 1, which is characterized in that with harvest jerusalem artichoke it
Ground maize planting afterwards.
3. the method for light moderate saline-alkali soil plantation spring maize according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 1
38 parts of peanut shell, 35 parts of beans stalk powder, 25 parts of cotton seed hulls, 58 parts of alga fertilizer.
4. the method for light moderate saline-alkali soil plantation spring maize according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 3
In, first corn seed is impregnated 6 hours with cycocel, being then immersed in temperature is 35 DEG C by sodium alginate: chitin: inulin: water
It is immersed in suspension solution for 6:2:10:100 quality proportioning, after pulling out in 0 DEG C of water 10 seconds, after then pulling corn seed out
It drains the water and is dried in the case where temperature is 25 DEG C of environment.
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| CN201811576480.0A CN109511494A (en) | 2018-12-22 | 2018-12-22 | A kind of salt-soda soil cultivating method of crop |
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| CN201811576480.0A CN109511494A (en) | 2018-12-22 | 2018-12-22 | A kind of salt-soda soil cultivating method of crop |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1879461A (en) * | 2005-06-14 | 2006-12-20 | 西北农林科技大学 | Seeds processing technology for promoting corn seeds to germinate and grow to mature seedling and product prescription thereof |
| CN105248115A (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2016-01-20 | 和县聂兴圩蔬菜种植有限责任公司 | High-yield planting method of corns |
| CN106146162A (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2016-11-23 | 山东省农业科学院玉米研究所 | A kind of regulation fertilizer improveing micronutrient levels and Zn and Fe biological effectiveness in Huang-Huai-Hai corn kernel and application process |
| CN108467324A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-08-31 | 马鞍山中粮生物化学有限公司 | A kind of corn fertilizer special for organic and preparation method thereof |
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2018
- 2018-12-22 CN CN201811576480.0A patent/CN109511494A/en active Pending
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| CN1879461A (en) * | 2005-06-14 | 2006-12-20 | 西北农林科技大学 | Seeds processing technology for promoting corn seeds to germinate and grow to mature seedling and product prescription thereof |
| CN105248115A (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2016-01-20 | 和县聂兴圩蔬菜种植有限责任公司 | High-yield planting method of corns |
| CN106146162A (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2016-11-23 | 山东省农业科学院玉米研究所 | A kind of regulation fertilizer improveing micronutrient levels and Zn and Fe biological effectiveness in Huang-Huai-Hai corn kernel and application process |
| CN108467324A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-08-31 | 马鞍山中粮生物化学有限公司 | A kind of corn fertilizer special for organic and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20190326 |