CN109511314A - The processing method of wild Chinese pennisetum seed - Google Patents
The processing method of wild Chinese pennisetum seed Download PDFInfo
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- CN109511314A CN109511314A CN201910047014.1A CN201910047014A CN109511314A CN 109511314 A CN109511314 A CN 109511314A CN 201910047014 A CN201910047014 A CN 201910047014A CN 109511314 A CN109511314 A CN 109511314A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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Abstract
The invention belongs to apply the broken or crushing technology field of the roller grinding mill for the cereal that is specially adapted for milling, and in particular to a kind of processing method of wild Chinese pennisetum seed.The processing method of the wild Chinese pennisetum seed successively includes picking, drying, removes bristle, selection by winnowing, sieving, drying process, and the drying, which refers to, dries 30-60min at 35-40 DEG C.Method of the invention be able to solve Pennisetum seed because bristle presence and stick to each other, form one, be not easy to separate, easy to stick on clothes trousers, not easy-clear when acquisition processing；Method is cleaned using conventional seed processing, either dries, dry, wooden stick beats or roller rolls, is difficult to the problems such as obtaining promising result.The key equipment of the method for the present invention is easily obtained, convenient and practical for a small amount of Chinese pennisetum wild resource acquisition investigation and research work, strong operability.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the broken or crushing technology fields of the roller grinding mill for the cereal that is specially adapted for milling, and in particular to
A kind of processing method of wild Chinese pennisetum seed.
Background technique
Bio-diversity is the basis that the mankind depend on for existence and development, and the most important core of bio-diversity conservation is protection
Germplasm resources.Bio-diversity is protected, guarantees that the continuous utilization of Germplasm resources is a global task, and is complete
Ball environmental protection action plan important component (" Chinese biological germplasm protection of resources status and action suggest ", Fang Jiahe,
Chinese agriculture science and technology Leader, the 1st phase of volume 3 in 2001, the 77-80 pages, publication date on December 31st, 2001).
Germplasm resources refer to the genetic diversity resource of all biology germplasm on the earth, move including ten hundreds of
Object, plant, microorganism and gene that they are possessed.It not only provides food, fiber, timber and human health for the mankind and provides
Important nutriment and drug, and good ecological environment is provided for human survival
(" Chinese biological germplasm protection of resources status and action are suggested ", Fang Jiahe, Chinese agriculture science and technology Leader, 2001
The 1st phase of volume 3, the 77-80 pages, publication date on December 31st, 2001).
However, being planted with the influence of the factors such as the development and human social economy's activity of degeneration, the urban construction of environment
Object genetic resources is increasingly destroyed, and living resources are sharply reduced, and especially wild kindred plant is seriously threatened (" China
City is ecological environment problem and sustainable development ", Li Bingcheng, arid biogeographic zone resource and environment, the 2nd phase of volume 20 in 2006, the
1-6 pages, publication date on 03 31st, 2006；" sustainable developments of population and living resources and human society ", Zhou Xingwen etc., Shen
Positive journal of institutes of education, the 2nd phase of volume 8 in 2006, the 126-129 pages, publication date on 06 30th, 2006；" whole nation biology object
Kind resources protection and utilization planning outline ", State Environmental Protection Administration,http://www.chinalawedu.com/ Falvfagui/fg22016/247197.shtml, publication date October 24 in 2007Day).The disappearance of species means these species
Entrained gene also disappear therewith, and the mankind can not also create and replicate these genes at present, this will be greatly increased
The fragility and nature of natural ecological environment meet the ability (" Chinese Common Wild Rice (Oryza of human demand
Rufipogon Griff.) genetic diversity Journal of Sex Research and cultivated rice Origin ", Han Dongfei, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences master
Academic dissertation, 2006, page 1, publication date on December 31st, 2006；" wild animal nature reserve area amur grape resource exists
Distribution status in China's Natural Reserves ", Jiang Jianfu etc., economic forest research, the 4th phase of volume 28 in 2010, the 89-94 pages,
Publication date on December 31st, 2010).
Careless germ plasm resource is the important component of bio-diversity, be screening, cultivate excellent new grass product kind material and
GENE SOURCES belongs to national strategy resource, for alleviating feed resource shortage, ensuring grain and livestock products stable supplying, promotion
Grassland agriculture stable development accelerates agricultural restructuring, meets ecological environment treatment etc. have highly important effect (" I
Protect actuality, the problems and suggestions of state's grass germ plasm resource ", Chen Zhihong etc., Practaculture Science, the 1st phase of volume 35 in 2018, the
186-191 pages, publication date on December 31st, 2018).Steppe Plants resource situation (quantity, quality including Steppe Plants resource,
Spatial distribution, environmental condition and utilization status etc.) it is the decision-making foundation for formulating bio-diversity and conservation of plant resources.With meadow
Plant resources and habitat situation are respondent, investigate type, distribution characteristics, habitat characteristics and the exploitation value of Grassland Herbage resource
Situations such as value and status, collects China meadow sociales, constructive species, Common Species, companion species and Dominant Species of Forage Grass wild relatives
Or nearly edge wild plant germ plasm resource, for promote the protection, improvement and sustainable use of China's grassland resources provide science according to
According to, promote basic subject development that there is important scientific value, meanwhile, and mentioned for national living resources and ecological safety strategic decision
For foundation, there is important strategic importance (" both at home and abroad to national economy sustainable and stable development and Guarantee National Ecological Safety is maintained
Steppe Plants resource investigation historical situation and trend ", Lv Linyou etc., HEILONGJIANG ANIMAL SCIENCE AND VETERINARY MEDICINE, on the 10th phases in 2016,1-3
Page, publication date on 07 29th, 2016；" under generalized ensemble Grassland Resource in China be degenerated to because with measures on sustainable utilization ", a Ji
It is super, Chinese agricultural modernization research, the 5th phase in 2013, the 538-542 pages, publication date on December 31st, 2013；" grassland ecology
The protective agent of system administers countermeasure ", Mu Zongjie, the 2nd phase of volume 30 in 2009, the 48-49 pages, publication date December 31 in 2009
Day).
Wild Chinese pennisetum (Pennisetum Rich.) is subordinate to grass family millet subfamily, puncture vine subtribe, and Pennisetum is 1 year
Raw or herbaceos perennial is the important herbage in the torrid zone, subtropical zone and Temperate Region in China, and fibrous root is more sturdy, and stalk is upright, leaf line
Shape, it is flat or involute, it grows thickly, the number of blade is more, and tillering ability is strong, high 30-120cm (" Pennisetum progress ", it is old
Will is red etc., meadow journal, the 5th phase in 2010, and the 740-748 pages, publication date on October 31st, 2010；" Pennisetum is ground
Study carefully and utilize progress ", Wang Wen is strong etc., tropical agricultural science, the 6th phase of volume 38 in 2018, the 49-55 pages, publication date 2018 years
30 days 06 month).Wild Chinese pennisetum resource is the common kind of Grassland Herbage resource, often scattered in hillside, forest land, roadside, field
Etc. under various habitat conditions.Wild Chinese pennisetum has higher digestibility, higher crude protein, low fiber, agreeable to the taste before blossoming and bearing fruit
Property it is good, resistance to it is heavy herd, be drought-resistant, extension competitiveness it is strong the advantages that (" Ways of Utilizing Wild Grown Grasses pre-test ", Zhao Mingkun etc.,
Sichan grassland, the 2nd phase in 1997, the 19-22 pages, publication date on December 31st, 1997), it is both good forage resource and excellent
Soil-and-water conservation effect and Forage Germplasm Resources, in terms of grassland ecology revegetation and environmental improvement have good application value.
By in gramineae plant taxa key it is found that Pennisetum and setaria are that feature is adjacent on plant classification
Two categories.The two common ground belonged to are that have sterile branchlet to be formed by bristle in inflorescence；Difference is setaria herbage
Small ear when falling off, invest the bristle under it and still harbor on rachis, and together with rigid when the small ear of Pennisetum falls off
Hair falls off together.This differentiation feature bring is as a result, the relatively good collection of the seed of setaria herbage；And Pennisetum is herded
Grass seed then because bristle presence and stick to each other, form one, be not easy separate, acquisition processing when it is easy to stick in clothes trousers
On, not easy-clear.Method is cleaned using conventional seed processing, either dries, dry, wooden stick beats or roller rolls,
It is difficult to obtain promising result.Therefore, the acquisition of Pennisetum seed is restricted, relevant seed research work and wolf
Tail grass resource excavates breeding work and is also difficult to carry out.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of processing methods of wild Chinese pennisetum seed.This method can
Solve Pennisetum seed because bristle presence and stick to each other, form one, be not easy separate, acquisition processing when it is easy to stick
On clothes trousers, not easy-clear；Method is cleaned using conventional seed processing, either dries, dry, wooden stick beats or rolls
Son rolls, and is difficult to the problems such as obtaining promising result.The key equipment of the method for the present invention is easily obtained, for a small amount of wolf tails
Careless wild resource acquisition investigation and research work are convenient and practical, strong operability.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
The processing method of wild Chinese pennisetum seed successively includes picking, drying, removes bristle, selection by winnowing, sieving, back tender
Sequence, the drying, which refers to, dries 30-60min at 35-40 DEG C.
Further, the removing bristle, which refers to, rolls removal bristle with thresher.
Further, thresher revolving speed in roller compaction process is 1200-1400 revs/min.
Further, the sieving refers to is sieved with 60-70 mesh sieve.
Further, it is 5%-9% that the degree of the drying, which is drying to water content, by percentage to the quality.
Further, the processing method of the wild Chinese pennisetum seed, specifically follows the steps below:
(1) it picks；
(2) it dries: drying 30-60min at 35-40 DEG C；
(3) it removes bristle: rolling removal bristle with thresher, revolving speed is 1200-1400 revs/min in roller compaction process；
(4) selection by winnowing；
(5) it is sieved: being sieved with 60-70 mesh sieve；
(6) dry: drying to water content is 5%-9%, by percentage to the quality.
Method of the invention be able to solve Pennisetum seed because bristle presence and stick to each other, form one
Group is not easy to separate, and acquisition is easy to stick on clothes trousers when processing, not easy-clear；Method, nothing are cleaned using conventional seed processing
By be sunning, drying, wooden stick beats or roller rolls, be difficult to the problems such as obtaining promising result.
The wild Chinese pennisetum seed for meeting national seed bank requirement, specific skill can be effectively obtained using the present processes
Art index are as follows: the seed cleaned out is clean, be without damage, remove broken kernel, foreign particle after, physical purity of seed reaches 98% or more；Kind
Sub- water content reaches 5%-9%；It cleans seed and has count condition, germination percentage and mass of 1000 kernel can be measured.It solves and restricts wolf tail
The technical bottleneck of grass seed scientific research and excavating resource breeding work.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Method of the invention be able to solve Pennisetum seed because bristle presence and stick to each other, form one
Group is not easy to separate, and acquisition is easy to stick on clothes trousers when processing, not easy-clear；Method, nothing are cleaned using conventional seed processing
By be sunning, drying, wooden stick beats or roller rolls, be difficult to the problems such as obtaining promising result.The core that the present invention uses
Component " domestic miniature thresher " is relatively universal in rural area use, and key equipment is easily obtained, for a small amount of wild money of Chinese pennisetum
Source acquisition investigation and research work are convenient and practical, can be widely used to promote in relevant research work and production.
The wild Chinese pennisetum seed for meeting national seed bank requirement, specific skill can be effectively obtained using the present processes
Art index are as follows: the seed cleaned out is clean, be without damage, remove broken kernel, foreign particle after, physical purity of seed reaches 98% or more；Kind
Sub- water content reaches 5%-9%；It cleans seed and has count condition, germination percentage and mass of 1000 kernel can be measured.
The present invention solves the technical bottleneck for restricting the scientific research of Chinese pennisetum seed and excavating resource breeding work.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of thresher used by embodiment 1；
Fig. 2 is the wild Chinese pennisetum seed before embodiment 1 and comparative example 1-4 working process；
Fig. 3 is the wild Chinese pennisetum seed after 1 working process of embodiment.
Specific embodiment
Illustrated embodiment is to preferably be illustrated to the contents of the present invention, but is not that the contents of the present invention only limit
In illustrated embodiment.So those skilled in the art carry out nonessential change to embodiment according to foregoing invention content
Into and adjustment, still fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Following thresher is the Yongxing board domestic miniature combination machine of Jingyan County, city, Leshan sichuan production；
Following winnowing machine is the manual and electric double-purpose winnowing machine of Chongqing great Zu Hong space Mechanology Inc. production.
Embodiment 1
The processing method of wild Chinese pennisetum seed, specifically follows the steps below:
(1) pick: the mature wild Chinese pennisetum seed of selection is picked, mature seed feature are as follows: small ear part by
Blue-stain is yellow, small braid bristle gently can be smoothed out with the fingers down (immature seed is then not easy to smooth out with the fingers down) with hand together, be put into dedicated smooth modeling
(general seed collection mesh bag cannot be used) in material collecting bag；
(2) it dries: the wild Chinese pennisetum seed of picking being put into baking oven, is spread out, dry 30-60min extremely at 40 DEG C
It holds and feels drying, and do not clump together, be loosely advisable；
(3) it removes bristle: rolling removal bristle with thresher, revolving speed is 1200-1400 revs/min in roller compaction process, institute
Stating thresher is domestic miniature thresher, the thresher by motor, feeding warehouse, husk rice room (comprising rice knife and roller), discharge port,
Impurities outlet forms (as shown in Figure 1).Wherein, motor is on the left of thresher, feeding warehouse rolling in husk rice room upper left side, husk rice room
Cylinder is horizontal type, and meter Dao Yu roller is vertical, and the right is discharge port and impurities outlet position；Seed is entered by feeding warehouse, by beating
The husk rice room of rice machine, in husk rice room under the collective effect of rice knife and roller, seed is rolled, and bristle is made to fall off；Rice knife is adjusted
The distance between rice knife and roller are mainly adjusted according to rolling effect；Seed flow is advisable with not blocking feed inlet；When operation,
Every time only grab tate seed be put into thresher feeding warehouse (can not be too many, otherwise because seed adhesion is agglomerating, easily blocking feed inlet,
Cause can not be sent into processing), seed is disclosed into feed inlet with slightly about 3-5cm, the waddy for being about 30-40cm；It processes and grinds through thresher
After pressure, the small ear portion collection of discharge port output is got up in seed small ear and bristle separation, and the bristle of impurities outlet output is lost
It abandons；
(4) selection by winnowing: using manual and electric double-purpose winnowing machine, using artificial hand mode when selection by winnowing, remains a constant speed, control air quantity is big
It is small, the not extra leather shell of seed after selection by winnowing；
(5) it is sieved: being sieved with 60-70 mesh sieve, broken remnant is screened out from sieve, the clean (nothing of the seed screened
Impurity), not damaged (not crushing), uniformity it is high, cleanliness is up to 98% or more (according to " GB/T 2930.2-2001 forage seeds
Sub- inspection procedure purification analysis " detected)；
(6) dry: the wild Chinese pennisetum seed through sieving processing being packed into rove cloth bag, sets glass desicator drying, kind
Son is placed with silica-gel desiccant by the mass ratio of 1:1, is dried at room temperature for water content being 5%-9% (according to " NY/T2126-
2012 careless germ plasm resource Collection and conservation technical regulations " detected), by percentage to the quality.
Comparative example 1
The processing method of wild Chinese pennisetum seed, specifically follows the steps below:
(1) pick: the mature wild Chinese pennisetum seed of selection is picked, mature seed feature are as follows: small ear part by
Blue-stain is yellow, small braid bristle gently can be smoothed out with the fingers down (immature seed is then not easy to smooth out with the fingers down) with hand together, be put into dedicated smooth modeling
(general seed collection mesh bag cannot be used) in material collecting bag；
(2) it dries: the wild Chinese pennisetum seed of picking being dried in fine day to holding and feels drying, and is not clumped together, compared with
Loosely it is advisable；
(3) it pats: patting 10min with the wild Chinese pennisetum seed waddy for being dried processing, do not remove wild Chinese pennisetum
The bristle of seed.
Comparative example 2
The processing method of wild Chinese pennisetum seed, specifically follows the steps below:
(1) pick: the mature wild Chinese pennisetum seed of selection is picked, mature seed feature are as follows: small ear part by
Blue-stain is yellow, small braid bristle gently can be smoothed out with the fingers down (immature seed is then not easy to smooth out with the fingers down) with hand together, be put into dedicated smooth modeling
(general seed collection mesh bag cannot be used) in material collecting bag；
(2) it dries: the wild Chinese pennisetum seed of picking being put into baking oven, spreads out, dries 40min at 40 DEG C；
(3) it rolls: rolling 10min with rod with the wild Chinese pennisetum seed that drying is handled, do not remove wild Chinese pennisetum
The bristle of seed.
Comparative example 3
The processing method of wild Chinese pennisetum seed, specifically follows the steps below:
(1) pick: the mature wild Chinese pennisetum seed of selection is picked, mature seed feature are as follows: small ear part by
Blue-stain is yellow, small braid bristle gently can be smoothed out with the fingers down (immature seed is then not easy to smooth out with the fingers down) with hand together, be put into dedicated smooth modeling
(general seed collection mesh bag cannot be used) in material collecting bag；
(2) it dries: the wild Chinese pennisetum seed of picking being dried in fine day to holding and feels drying, and is not clumped together, compared with
Loosely it is advisable；
(3) it crushes: with being dried the wild Chinese pennisetum seed pulverizer of the processing pulverization process under 5500 revs/min of revolving speeds
10min does not remove the bristle of wild Chinese pennisetum seed.
Comparative example 4
The processing method of wild Chinese pennisetum seed, specifically follows the steps below:
(1) pick: the mature wild Chinese pennisetum seed of selection is picked, mature seed feature are as follows: small ear part by
Blue-stain is yellow, small braid bristle gently can be smoothed out with the fingers down (immature seed is then not easy to smooth out with the fingers down) with hand together, be put into dedicated smooth modeling
(general seed collection mesh bag cannot be used) in material collecting bag；
(2) it dries: the wild Chinese pennisetum seed of picking being put into baking oven, spreads out, dries 40min at 40 DEG C；
(3) crush: the wild Chinese pennisetum seed handled with drying is using high speed disintegrator in 36000 revs/min of revolving speeds
Lower pulverization process 1min, wild Chinese pennisetum seed are broken into powdered.
By embodiment 1 and comparative example 1-4 it is found that method of the invention is able to solve Pennisetum seed because of bristle
Presence and stick to each other, form one, be not easy to separate, easy to stick on clothes trousers, not easy-clear when acquisition processing；Using normal
Rule seed processing clean method, either dry, dry, wooden stick beats or roller rolls, be difficult to obtain promising result
The problems such as.
The wild Chinese pennisetum seed for meeting national seed bank requirement, specific skill can be effectively obtained using the present processes
Art index are as follows: the seed cleaned out is clean, be without damage, remove broken kernel, foreign particle after, physical purity of seed reaches 98% or more；Kind
Sub- water content reaches 5%-9%；It cleans seed and has count condition, germination percentage and mass of 1000 kernel can be measured.It solves and restricts wolf tail
The technical bottleneck of grass seed scientific research and excavating resource breeding work.
In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, but not each embodiment is only wrapped
Containing an independent technical solution, this description of the specification is merely for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should
It considers the specification as a whole, the technical solutions in the various embodiments may also be suitably combined, forms those skilled in the art
The other embodiments being understood that.
Claims (6)
1. the processing method of wild Chinese pennisetum seed successively includes picking, drying, removes bristle, selection by winnowing, sieving, drying process,
It is characterized in that, the drying, which refers to, dries 30-60min at 35-40 DEG C.
2. the processing method of wild Chinese pennisetum seed according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the removing bristle refers to
Removal bristle is rolled with thresher.
3. the processing method of wild Chinese pennisetum seed according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the thresher is rolling
Revolving speed is 1200-1400 revs/min in the process.
4. the processing method of wild Chinese pennisetum seed according to claim 1,2 or 3, which is characterized in that the sieving is
Refer to and is sieved with 60-70 mesh sieve.
5. the processing method of wild Chinese pennisetum seed according to claim 1,2,3 or 4, which is characterized in that the drying
Degree be it is dry to water content be 5%-9%, by percentage to the quality.
6. the according to claim 1, processing method of wild Chinese pennisetum seed described in 2,3,4 or 5, which is characterized in that described to add
Work method specifically follows the steps below:
(1) it picks；
(2) it dries: drying 30-60min at 35-40 DEG C；
(3) it removes bristle: rolling removal bristle with thresher, revolving speed is 1200-1400 revs/min in roller compaction process；
(4) selection by winnowing；
(5) it is sieved: being sieved with 60-70 mesh sieve；
(6) dry: drying to water content is 5%-9%, by percentage to the quality.
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| CN110476537A (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2019-11-22 | 重庆市畜牧科学院 | The processing method of wild awns genus vegetable seeds |
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