CN101911895A

CN101911895A - Artificial inoculation method for authenticating resistance of sugarcane rust diseases

Info

Publication number: CN101911895A
Application number: CN 201010230503
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李文凤; 黄应昆; 王晓燕; 罗志明; 王明强
Original assignee: Sugarcane Research Institute of Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Sugarcane Research Institute of Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2010-07-20
Filing date: 2010-07-20
Publication date: 2010-12-15

Abstract

The invention relates to an artificial inoculation method for authenticating the resistance of sugarcane rust diseases, comprising the following steps of: (1) planting disease source resistant materials in buckets in June to August of each year, wherein each material is planted in two buckets, and each bucket needs 3-5 strains with equivalent heights; (2) collecting ill leaves with rust-disease spores in disease-attached sugarcane areas at the sugarcane rust disease emergence period of August to October of each year, kneading the ill leaves by hands to release the spores into clear water, and then filtering by using a separating sieve with 24 meshes to obtain an inoculum; (3) compounding the rust-diseases spores into spore suspensions with 40-50 spores/10*10-time visual field, and spraying the spore suspensions inoculation on sugarcane leaves in the evening for inoculation; (4) placing the bucket-planted materials in a lightproof net house after inoculation, spraying water 3 times from the top to the bottom of the net house in the morning, at noon and in the evening since the third day for moisture preservation, and surveying the disease attacking degree of each test material after the test material is fully attacked by disease in 5-6 weeks ; and (5) carrying out disease resistance evaluation to the bucket-planted materials according to the standard of J.C,Comstock (1992). The authentication results of the method can truly reflect the disease resistances of the materials.

Description

The artificial infection method that the sugarcane rust disease resistance is identified

Technical field:

The present invention relates to agricultural technology field, specifically is the artificial infection method that a kind of sugarcane rust disease resistance is identified.

Background technology:

Sugarcane rust is one of important disease on the sugarcane, have in causing harm of China in recent years and enlarge and increase the weight of trend year by year, this disease has spreaded all over the damp and hot sugarcane district of provinces and regions such as Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong and Fujian at present, the general underproduction 15～30% of serious field piece of falling ill, serious reaches more than 40%, and the sugarcane sugar reduces by 10～36%.A large amount of studies show that both at home and abroad: to the most economical effective control method of sugarcane rust, select disease-resistant improved seeds exactly for use, avoid planting susceptible variety.Therefore screen anti-source material, rationally match parental combination, and then select and have the new varieties of stablize disease resistance, just seem and press for for applying in the production for the breeding work person.The screening operation in good anti-source must sugarcane germ plasm resource disease resistance many with quantity, that scope is wide be evaluated as the basis, thereby is badly in need of research and sets up fast and convenient, pathogenic stable, the standard of a cover, practical disease-resistant authenticate technology.

Sugarcane germ plasm resource mainly contains land for growing field crops sick garden evaluation, the susceptible naturally evaluation in field and artificial infection evaluation to the disease-resistant authentication method of sugarcane rust at present.Land for growing field crops sick garden evaluation and field nature length qualification cycle, big, the expert evidence limited amount of land occupation area, and because the changes in environmental conditions such as natural cause of disease skewness, weather and communication media in sick garden and the field usually can influence authenticity, stability and the accuracy of qualification result; Artificial infection is identified fast, expert evidence quantity is unrestricted, and environmental condition can artificially be controlled, can satisfy the needs of extensive screening anti-source material, but because rest fungus is the live body parasitism, be difficult to cultured in vitro, and because the generation of rust must have the appropriate climate condition except cause of disease, so the preparation of inoculum and environment have been controlled to the bottleneck that artificial infection is identified.

Summary of the invention:

The purpose of this invention is to provide that a kind of qualification result is stable, workable, inoculation work efficiency height, the artificial infection method that the sugarcane rust disease resistance that is fit to that material in enormous quantities is carried out is identified.

Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions, and the artificial infection method that a kind of sugarcane rust disease resistance is identified may further comprise the steps:

1, material is prepared: implantation time is annual 6～August.Barrel plant, Routine Management.Every part of material is planted 2 barrels, 3～5 strains of every barrel of equal equal altitudes of need.

2, pathogeny collection: usually in the annual 8-10 month sugarcane rust emergence period, gather the sick leaf of band rust spore to morbidity sugarcane district, rub the disease leaf with hand rubbing spore is released in the clear water, be inoculum after filtering with 24 order sub-sieves.

3, inoculation method: the rust spore is made into the spore suspension in times visual field, 40-50 spore/10 * 10, in spray inoculation on the sugarcane leaf at dusk.Reply barrel plant material is fully poured water to increase humidity before the inoculation.

4, investigation method: inoculation back barrel plant material places in the shading net canopy, beginning in the 3rd day, and every day, early, middle and late down the water spray from the net ceiling preserved moisture for 3 times; Institute an inquiry the occurring degree of the material of respectively participating in the experiment after treating fully to fall ill in 5-6 week.

5, disease resistance evaluation: estimate with reference to J.C.Comstock (1992) standard.

Advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect:

Sugarcane rust artificial inoculation method of the present invention, its advantage and beneficial effect are:

(1) sugarcane rust morbidity in inoculation back is remarkable, highly sensitive, can effectively distinguish between the different sugarcane germplasm materials (host) the anti-perception to disease;

(2) the sugarcane strain of inoculation back places in the shading net canopy, preserves moisture from net ceiling water spray, simulated the natural occurrence condition of moistening sugarcane district high temperature and rainy, so qualification result more approaches the susceptible naturally result in field;

(3) inoculum of the present invention is directly gathered preparation without cultured in vitro from the field.Inoculation method is fast and convenient, workable, inoculation work efficiency height.Therefore can identify and screen material in enormous quantities, for breeding and production departments provide more anti-source materials widely.

Embodiment

1, prepares for the examination material

Select anosis healthy and strong sugarcane strain from the healthy nursery of detoxification annual 6～August, be cut into two bud seedlings respectively, after in the cold water that flows, soaking 48 hours, with 50 ± 0.5 ℃ of hot water treatment 2～3 hours, use 80% dichlorvos and 50% carbendazim liquid seed soaking in 1: 800 5-10min again, be planted in the Plastic Drum conventional cultivation management then respectively.Every part of material is planted 2 barrels, 3～5 strains of every barrel of equal equal altitudes of need.

2, pathogeny collection

Usually in the annual 8-10 month sugarcane rust emergence period, the sick leaf of gathering band rust spore to morbidity sugarcane district is preserved moisture and is taken back indoorly, rubs the disease leaf with hand rubbing spore is released in the clear water, with being inoculum after the filtration of 24 order sub-sieves.

3, inoculation method

The rust spore is made into the spore suspension in times visual field, 40-50 spore/10 * 10, in spray inoculation on the sugarcane leaf at dusk.Reply barrel plant material is fully poured water to increase humidity before the inoculation.

4, investigation method

Inoculation back barrel plant material places in the shading net canopy, beginning in the 3rd day, and every day, early, middle and late down the water spray from the net ceiling preserved moisture for 3 times; Institute an inquiry the occurring degree of the material of respectively participating in the experiment after treating fully to fall ill in 5-6 week.

5, disease resistance evaluation

Whole strain rust severity is estimated with reference to J.C.Comstock (1992) standard, as following table:

The sick characterization and evaluation standard of sugarcane rust-proofing

Grade scale	Blade is contaminated situation	Disease resistance
			1	Asymptomatic	High anti-(HR)
2	Necrotic plaque is arranged	Disease-resistant (R)
			3	Some soruss are arranged on the plant	In anti-(MR)
4	The upper strata leaf has some soruss, and lower floor's leaf has many soruss simultaneously	Middle sense (MS)
			5	The many soruss of upper strata Ye Youji, lower floor's leaf has slight necrosis simultaneously	Susceptible 1 (S1)
6	The many soruss of upper strata Ye Youji and lower floor's leaf have more worse than level V	Susceptible 2 (S2)
			7	The many soruss of upper strata Ye Youji, lower floor's leaf necrosis	Susceptible 3 (S3)

8	The upper strata leaf has some necrosis	High sense 1 (HS1)
			9	The blade necrosis, plant is on the verge of death	High sense 2 (HS2)

。

Claims

1. the artificial infection method identified of a sugarcane rust disease resistance may further comprise the steps:

(1) select anosis healthy and strong sugarcane strain as material from the nursery annual 6～August, be planted in the bucket, the conventional cultivation management, every part of material is planted 2 barrels, 3～5 strains of every barrel of equal equal altitudes of need;

(2) the annual 8-10 month sugarcane rust emergence period, the sick leaf of being with the rust spore is gathered in the district to the morbidity sugarcane, crumples the disease leaf spore is released in the clear water, is inoculum after filtering with 24 order sub-sieves;

(3) the rust spore that step (2) is obtained is made into the spore suspension that inoculum concentration is times visual field, 40-50 spore/10 * 10, in dusk spray inoculation on the barrel plant material sugarcane leaf that step (1) obtains;

(4) barrel plant material in inoculation back places in the shading net canopy, beginning in the 3rd day, and every day, early, middle and late down the water spray from the net ceiling preserved moisture for 3 times, treated 5-6 week fully to institute an inquiry the occurring degree of the material of respectively participating in the experiment after the morbidity;

(5) with reference to J.C.Comstock (1992) standard the barrel plant material is carried out the disease resistance evaluation.

2. inoculation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the sugarcane strain of step (1) is soaked 48 hours earlier in the cold water that flows after, with 50 ± 0.5 ℃ of hot water treatment 2～3 hours, use 80% dichlorvos and 50% carbendazim liquid seed soaking in 1: 800 5-10min again, be planted in the bucket then.

3. inoculation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: reply barrel plant material before the inoculation in the step (3) is fully poured water to increase humidity.