CN113142002A - Sugarcane smut resistance determination method based on Internet of things system - Google Patents
Sugarcane smut resistance determination method based on Internet of things system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113142002A CN113142002A CN202110114893.2A CN202110114893A CN113142002A CN 113142002 A CN113142002 A CN 113142002A CN 202110114893 A CN202110114893 A CN 202110114893A CN 113142002 A CN113142002 A CN 113142002A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/55—Sugar cane
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
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- G16Y20/10—Information sensed or collected by the things relating to the environment, e.g. temperature; relating to location
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- G16Y40/10—Detection; Monitoring
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- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16Y—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS [IoT]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sugarcane smut resistance determination method based on an Internet of things system. The determination method comprises the following steps: collecting black powdery spores of black ear whips on sugarcane seedlings; preparing spores into spore suspension, soaking sugarcane seed stems in the spore suspension, taking out, moisturizing, accelerating germination, planting the accelerated germination sugarcane in a plastic basin containing a matrix, and installing an internet of things system; the Internet of things system monitors the whole process from the beginning of sugarcane planting to the end of disease resistance measurement, surveys the first smut plant and records the number of the smut plant. The method is based on the Internet of things system, environmental factors in the sugarcane growth process are visually monitored, sugarcane is accurately managed, the sugarcane germination rate is high, the operability is high, the accuracy of sugarcane disease resistance determination is enhanced, the method can accurately reflect the disease resistance of the sugarcane to smut, the disease resistance determination efficiency is improved, technical support is provided for sugarcane disease resistance breeding, and the method has important significance in accelerating the disease resistance breeding process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, in particular to a sugarcane smut resistance determination method based on an Internet of things system.
Background
Sugarcane smut (Sugarcane smut) is an important Sugarcane disease, which was first reported in Natalr in south Africa in 1877 and subsequently spread to countries in the eastern and western hemispheres. In 1932, the sugarcane smut occurs in Guangzhou sugarcane areas, and then Guangxi provinces, Yunnan provinces, Fujian provinces, Taiwan provinces, Hainan provinces and the like report the occurrence of the sugarcane smut. The occurrence and rapid spread of smut in sugarcane has been reported in succession in the united states and australia as a major disease of sugarcane. Until now, sugarcane smut has become a commonly occurring sugarcane disease in sugarcane production areas in the world. The average incidence rate is 18 percent, and the incidence rate of perennial sugarcane is as high as 50 percent.
Smut (Sporisorium scitaminum) is an important pathogen causing smut in sugarcane, a genus of Basidiomycotina smut. The sugarcane smut is most obviously characterized in that the diseased sugarcane tip has a downward and inward-rolling black whip, the length of the whip is about 20 cm to 1 m, and the diameter of the whip is about 0.5 cm. The central part of the penis of spica nigra is a stem composed of host tissues, and the periphery of the penis of spica nigra is coated with a layer of chlamydospore. The infected sugarcane seeds are early in germination, small in stem, long and thin in leaves, light green, and increased in tillering, and black spike whips grow after tillering.
The prevention and the treatment of the sugarcane smut obey a plant protection policy strategy of 'prevention is taken as a main part and comprehensive prevention and treatment', disease-resistant breeding is undoubtedly the most economic and effective prevention and control approach, and the most important link of the disease-resistant breeding is to carry out sugarcane smut germ inoculation test (disease resistance determination) on bred varieties and other materials.
At present, the smut resistance of the sugarcane is mainly measured by adopting indoor artificial inoculation disease resistance, the disease resistance is measured in the open air or in a greenhouse, soil or sand and the sugarcane are adopted for potting, the soil and the sand are heavy, and if the disease resistance of a large number of sugarcane varieties is measured, the time and the labor are wasted; in addition, most of the disease resistance determination time is selected to be tested in 3-4 months, and the temperature is lower at the moment, so that the invasion of smut germs is not suitable, the morbidity is low, the morbidity of disease-susceptible varieties is not obvious, and the disease resistance of the sugarcane can not be accurately evaluated; in addition, the auxiliary management of an Internet of things system is not available, and the water and fertilizer management is not timely, so that the emergence rate is low and the emergence is not regular; even in a greenhouse, the temperature is too high, so that seedlings are burned, the disease resistance of the sugarcane is influenced, and the disease resistance evaluation of the sugarcane is inaccurate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a sugarcane smut resistance measuring method based on an internet of things system, by adopting the method, the operability is strong, the time and the labor are saved, environmental factors in the sugarcane growth process are visually monitored, the sugarcane is accurately managed, diseases of sugarcane susceptible varieties are obvious after smut germs are infected, and the collected data are accurate, so that the disease resistance of sugarcane tested varieties can be more accurately reflected, and the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
according to one aspect of the invention, a sugarcane smut resistance determination method based on an Internet of things system is provided, and the determination method comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting black whips in each sugarcane planting area in 5-6 months of the first year, naturally airing the black whips for 5-6 days, slightly shaking the aired black whips, and collecting black powdery spores on the black whips by using a brush;
(2) in 7-8 months of the second year, the sugarcane smut germ winter spores with the spore germination rate of more than 90 percent are prepared into 5 multiplied by 106Soaking sugarcane buds in the spore suspension for 30min, taking out, moisturizing and accelerating germination for 23-24h, planting the sugarcane subjected to accelerating germination in plastic pots containing substrates and placed in an indoor greenhouse, wherein 35-40 plants are planted in each pot, and the indoor greenhouse is provided with an internet of things system for monitoring the growth of the sugarcane;
(3) the Internet of things system starts to monitor from the planting of the sugarcane inoculated with the smut bacteria in the greenhouse, surveys from the occurrence of the first smut disease strain 1 time every 15 days until 6 months after the disease occurs, records the number of the smut disease strains in each survey, removes the disease strains, and counts the disease incidence.
Preferably, the spore suspension in step (2) is prepared by mixing 2g of dried winter spores with 1L of sterile water.
Preferably, the length, width and height of the plastic pot containing the matrix are 0.7m, 0.45m and 0.2m respectively.
Preferably, the internet of things system comprises a central processing unit, an indoor environment detection device, a soil detection device and a monitoring device, wherein the indoor environment detection device, the soil detection device and the monitoring device are electrically connected with the central processing unit.
Preferably, the indoor environment detection device comprises a first microprocessor, a first temperature sensor, a first humidity sensor and a photosensitive sensor, wherein the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor and the photosensitive sensor are electrically connected with the microprocessor, and the microprocessor is electrically connected with the central processing unit.
Preferably, the soil detection device comprises a second microprocessor, a second temperature sensor and a second humidity sensor, wherein the second temperature sensor and the second humidity sensor are electrically connected with the second microprocessor, and the second microprocessor is electrically connected with the central processing unit.
Preferably, the monitoring device comprises an image processor and a camera, the camera is electrically connected with the image processor, and the image processor is electrically connected with the central processing unit.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention has the following remarkable effects:
(1) the sugarcane material is planted in the indoor greenhouse by adopting the matrix pot culture, the matrix is light, and the time and the labor are saved; the disease resistance determination time is selected to be 7-8 months, and the temperature is more suitable for the sugarcane smut germ to invade the sugarcane, thereby being beneficial to the disease attack of susceptible varieties.
(2) The Internet of things system is installed in the greenhouse, high-definition images are taken care of all weather continuously, the temperature and humidity, the air pressure and the light intensity in the greenhouse are monitored, the temperature and the humidity of soil are also monitored, the growth condition and the disease incidence condition of the sugarcane are recorded, the environmental factors in the greenhouse can be timely adjusted according to the detection result, time and labor are saved, accurate management is realized, and the growth condition of the crop can be detected to assist in sugarcane management.
(3) The evaluation standard of the disease resistance of the sugarcane is strict, the evaluation grades of the disease resistance of the sugarcane are 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 grades, the 1 grade (the incidence of disease is 0-2.5%) is high resistance to smut (HR), the 3 grade (the incidence of disease is 2.51-5.0%) is resistance to smut (R), the 5 grade (the incidence of disease is 5.01-7.5%) is medium resistance to smut (MR), the 7 grade (the incidence of disease is 7.51-10.0%) is susceptibility to smut (S), and the 9 grade (the incidence of disease is more than 10.01%) is high resistance to smut (HS), so that the method is more favorable for breeding of smut-resistant varieties of the sugarcane.
(4) The method has the advantages of strong operability, time and labor saving, visual monitoring of environmental factors in the sugarcane growth process, accurate management of the sugarcane, remarkable disease occurrence after infection of the sugarcane infected varieties with smut germs, and accurate data collection, so that the disease resistance of the sugarcane test varieties can be more accurately reflected, and the disease resistance breeding efficiency of the sugarcane is improved.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to preferred embodiments. It should be noted, however, that the numerous details set forth in the description are merely for the purpose of providing the reader with a thorough understanding of one or more aspects of the present invention, which may be practiced without these specific details.
According to the invention, the sugarcane smut resistance determination method based on the Internet of things system comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting penis et testis canitis in each sugarcane planting area in Guangxi in 5-6 months in the first year, naturally airing the penis et testis canitis for 5-6 days, slightly shaking the aired penis et testis canitis, and collecting black powdery spores on the penis et testis canitis by using a brush;
(2) in 7-8 months of the second year, the sugarcane smut germ winter spores with the spore germination rate of more than 90 percent are prepared into 5 multiplied by 106Each mL of spore suspension is prepared by adding 1L of sterile water into 2g of dry winter spores, then placing sugarcane buds into the spore suspension for soaking for 30min, taking out the sugarcane buds for moisturizing for 23-24h, planting the sugarcane subjected to germination in a matrix-containing plastic basin placed in an indoor greenhouse, wherein the length, width and height of the matrix-containing plastic basin are 0.7m, 0.45m and 0.2m respectively, 35-40 plants are planted in each basin, and the indoor greenhouse is provided with an internet of things system for monitoring the growth of the sugarcane;
(3) the Internet of things system starts to monitor from the planting of the sugarcane inoculated with the smut bacteria in the greenhouse, surveys from the occurrence of the first smut disease strain 1 time every 15 days until 6 months after the disease occurs, records the number of the smut disease strains in each survey, removes the disease strains, and counts the disease incidence.
The Internet of things system comprises a central processing unit, an indoor environment detection device, a soil detection device and a monitoring device, wherein the indoor environment detection device, the soil detection device and the monitoring device are electrically connected with the central processing unit. Indoor environment detection device includes first microprocessor, first temperature sensor, first humidity transducer and photosensitive sensor, and temperature sensor, humidity transducer and photosensitive sensor all with microprocessor electric connection, microprocessor with central processing unit electric connection. The soil detection device comprises a second microprocessor, a second temperature sensor and a second humidity sensor, wherein the second temperature sensor and the second humidity sensor are both electrically connected with the second microprocessor, and the second microprocessor is electrically connected with the central processing unit. The monitoring device comprises an image processor and a camera, the camera is electrically connected with the image processor, and the image processor is electrically connected with the central processing unit.
The evaluation grading standard of the disease resistance of the sugarcane is divided into grades 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9, wherein the grade 1 (the incidence of disease is 0-2.5%) is high smut resistance (HR), the grade 3 (the incidence of disease is 2.51-5.0%) is smut resistance (R), the grade 5 (the incidence of disease is 5.01-7.5%) is medium smut resistance (MR), the grade 7 (the incidence of disease is 7.51-10.0%) is smut resistance (S), and the grade 9 (the incidence of disease is more than 10.01%) is high smut resistance (HS). The disease resistance assay results for 69 sugarcane varieties are shown in table 1:
resistance assay for smut resistance of Table 169 sugarcane varieties
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A sugarcane smut resistance determination method based on an Internet of things system is characterized by comprising the following steps: the determination method comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting black whips in each sugarcane planting area in 5-6 months of the first year, naturally airing the black whips for 5-6 days, slightly shaking the aired black whips, and collecting black powdery spores on the black whips by using a brush;
(2) in 7-8 months of the second year, the sugarcane smut germ winter spores with the spore germination rate of more than 90 percent are prepared into 5 multiplied by 106Soaking sugarcane buds in the spore suspension for 30min, taking out, moisturizing and accelerating germination for 23-24h, planting the sugarcane subjected to accelerating germination in plastic pots containing substrates and placed in an indoor greenhouse, wherein 35-40 plants are planted in each pot, and the indoor greenhouse is provided with an internet of things system for monitoring the growth of the sugarcane;
(3) the Internet of things system starts to monitor from the planting of the sugarcane inoculated with the smut bacteria in the greenhouse, surveys from the occurrence of the first smut disease strain 1 time every 15 days until 6 months after the disease occurs, records the number of the smut disease strains in each survey, removes the disease strains, and counts the disease incidence.
2. The sugarcane smut resistance determination method based on the Internet of things system according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (2), the spore suspension is prepared by adding 2g of dried winter spores into 1L of sterile water.
3. The sugarcane smut resistance determination method based on the Internet of things system according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the length, width and height of the plastic basin containing the matrix are 0.7m, 0.45m and 0.2m respectively.
4. The sugarcane smut resistance determination method based on the Internet of things system according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the internet of things system comprises a central processing unit, an indoor environment detection device, a soil detection device and a monitoring device, wherein the indoor environment detection device, the soil detection device and the monitoring device are electrically connected with the central processing unit.
5. The sugarcane smut resistance determination method based on the Internet of things system according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: indoor environment detection device includes first microprocessor, first temperature sensor, first humidity transducer and photosensitive sensor, temperature sensor, humidity transducer and photosensitive sensor all with microprocessor electric connection, microprocessor with central processing unit electric connection.
6. The sugarcane smut resistance determination method based on the Internet of things system according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: soil detection device includes second microprocessor, second temperature sensor and second humidity transducer all with second microprocessor electric connection, second microprocessor with central processing unit electric connection.
7. The sugarcane smut resistance determination method based on the Internet of things system according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the monitoring device comprises an image processor and a camera, wherein the camera is electrically connected with the image processor, and the image processor is electrically connected with the central processing unit.
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Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101911895A (en) * | 2010-07-20 | 2010-12-15 | 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Artificial inoculation method for authenticating resistance of sugarcane rust diseases |
| CN102204465A (en) * | 2011-04-20 | 2011-10-05 | 广州甘蔗糖业研究所 | Method for identifying sugarcane smut resistance |
| CN102823446A (en) * | 2012-09-10 | 2012-12-19 | 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Efficient method for sugarcane infection by smut spores |
| CN103190303A (en) * | 2013-04-15 | 2013-07-10 | 中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所 | Inoculation method of Ustilago scitaminea |
| CN104170668A (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2014-12-03 | 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Efficient smut inoculation method for sugarcane seedlings |
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- 2021-01-26 CN CN202110114893.2A patent/CN113142002A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101911895A (en) * | 2010-07-20 | 2010-12-15 | 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Artificial inoculation method for authenticating resistance of sugarcane rust diseases |
| CN102204465A (en) * | 2011-04-20 | 2011-10-05 | 广州甘蔗糖业研究所 | Method for identifying sugarcane smut resistance |
| CN102823446A (en) * | 2012-09-10 | 2012-12-19 | 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Efficient method for sugarcane infection by smut spores |
| CN103190303A (en) * | 2013-04-15 | 2013-07-10 | 中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所 | Inoculation method of Ustilago scitaminea |
| CN104170668A (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2014-12-03 | 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Efficient smut inoculation method for sugarcane seedlings |
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