CN100479643C - Tibet kobresia seed germination processing method - Google Patents
Tibet kobresia seed germination processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100479643C CN100479643C CNB2007100176583A CN200710017658A CN100479643C CN 100479643 C CN100479643 C CN 100479643C CN B2007100176583 A CNB2007100176583 A CN B2007100176583A CN 200710017658 A CN200710017658 A CN 200710017658A CN 100479643 C CN100479643 C CN 100479643C
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Abstract
The invention discloses a disposing method of germinated seed of Tibetan wormwood seed, which comprises the following steps: harvesting the wormwood seed with moisture at 35-47% between pre-ripe and ripe stage; using mercury chloride to soak seed; disposing the seed through sodium hydroxide for four times; adopting clean culture dish as germinating bed; placing the wormwood seed in the germinating bed at square array shape evenly; detecting at the beginning under 5-10 deg. c; freezing 7d; transmitting the seed in the artificial weather box to seed; detecting the germinating potential; disposing the seed with germinating rate over 80%; restoring the plant of Tibetan grass; building ecological manufacturing and animal husbandry.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agriculture herding field, particularly the Tibet kobresia seed germination treatment technology
Background technology
High grass belong to (Kobresia Sp.) the plant whole world have 70 surplus kind, in the classification of the high careless platymiscium of having revised, confirmed that just there are 36 kinds and 1 subspecies (Zhang Shuren, 2004) in Tibet.High careless platymiscium mostly is the constructive species or the sociales of high and cold grassy marshland.It has herbaceous stem softness, characteristics such as nutritious, by all kinds of domestic animals are liked food.High grass belongs to cold, the high grass of the perennial sedge family of middle living type is drafted a document this plant, is important floristics (Yang Yongchang, 1976 of the Qinghai-Tibet conservation of soil and water; Zhou Xingmin, 1982).Its good growth plays an important role to the ecological balance of keeping the Qinghai-Tibet Platean, is the material base that the high former animal husbandry development in third place in the world relies on, and is the important species of the cradle vegetation protection of the Changjiang river, the Yellow River.
Under field conditions (factors), high grass seeds be in resting state mostly, general being difficult to germinateed.For natural meadow ecotope and the development Tibet grassland agriculture of protecting Tibet to go from bad to worse; solve the breeding problem of the high careless herbage of Tibet sociales; belong to herbage with high grass and recover Qinghai-Tibet serious degradation grassland vegetation; improve high and cold grassy marshland ecotope, the development grassland agriculture is all significant.Key of the present invention has solved the low problem of kobresia seed germination rate, has overcome the breeding difficulty of high careless plant in the Qinghai-Tibet Platean.
There is the people that the high careless germination problem in Qinghai-Tibet Platean was done research very early, but all do not have finally to solve the low key issue of its germination rate.Qiao had the bright germination test of doing the high grass of line leaf, the high grass of narrow fruit and the high grass of high mountain in 1992.Take conventional method, gather seed germination experiment then to no effect, germination rate has broken through zero after storage half a year, and germination rate can reach 13% after storage a year and a half.As the short life of high and cold grassy marshland high grass seeds group in extra large northern station is bred studies show that of countermeasure, the mean lifetime of the asexual little strain of the high grass of short life is 4-5; Its seed field germination rate only be 3% (Deng Zifa etc., 2001a); Hide the indoor and field germination rate of kobresia seed be respectively 4% and 2% (Deng Zifa, etc., 2001b).But there are some researches show in addition, hide the indoor and open-air seed germination rate of kobresia seed after sodium hydroxide solution and Gibberellins solution are handled be respectively 1% and 6.7% (Deng Zifa, 2001b).Only have 4% and 1% respectively with the field germination rate in the Kobresia pygmaea seed chamber, be respectively 1% and 2% (Deng Zifa, 2002) through sodium hydroxide solution and Gibberellins solution seeds treated germination rate.Line leaf kobresia seed is under two kinds of reserve temperature room temperatures (15 ± 8) ℃ and (25 ± 1) ℃ condition, and with the prolongation of storage time, 98% sulfuric acid treatment promotes the seed germination effect to rise, and handles the percentage of seedgermination of preserving in the refrigerator and reaches 47.5%.And the facilitation effect of 20g/L NaOH descends to some extent, suitably increases concentration of treatment (40g/L), and effect is (Wang Dexian, 2004) better.More than high grass is belonged to result of study that grass seed sprouts and inconsistent, treatment technology does not pass a test, still unresolved generally kobresia seed germination treatment technology and the low problem of germination rate.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Tibet kobresia seed germination processing method, this method can improve the Tibet kobresia seed germination rate.
In order to realize above-mentioned task, the present invention takes following technical solution:
1. a Tibet kobresia seed germination processing method is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
The first step, in mid-August then to early September, high and cold high carelessly former in Tibet Autonomous Region to high and cold high carelessly pasture, 〉=0 ℃ of accumulated temperature is at 800 ℃～1000 ℃, precipitation is collected seed in 300mm～550mm area, and the ripening stage of kobresia seed, the color of kobresia seed presented light maroon to maroon to ripening period, the kobresia seed of can gathering, the seed moisture content of gathering is 35%～47%;
In second step, to the kobresia seed removal of impurities of gathering, select under the clean seed normal temperature and deposited one month, to tide over the seed dormancy phase; Cold-wet stratification is handled then, promptly buries 14 days in temperature is 0～4 ℃ wet sand; Daylight dries under the normal temperature, and wipes and break in the seed coat;
In the 3rd step, the clean seed that wiping is broken in the seed coat is with aseptic water washing 3～5 times, puts into 0.1% mercury chloride then and soaks 3 minutes～4 minutes, takes out and washes repeatedly 4～5 times with sterile water; Be that the sodium hydroxide solution of 20g/L～40g/L was handled seed 3 hours with concentration again, take out the back and washes repeatedly 6～9 times with sterile water;
The 4th step, the clean culture dish of cut-off footpath 25cm is as germinating bed, be encased inside double-layer circular filter paper in the culture dish and soak into 0.2% potassium nitrate solution, the kobresia seed of getting sodium hydroxide solution processing back at random and cleaning up is square matrix-shaped and evenly swings in the germinating bed, keep certain distance between every seed, to reduce adjacent seed, build the culture dish loam cake to the influence of seedling growth and the mutual infection of germ;
The 5th step, the seed of waiting to put behind the bed is moistening, beginning freezing maintenance 7 days under 5～10 ℃ of temperature, move into the climatic cabinate cultivation of germinateing then, the illumination condition of cultivating that germinates is set at illumination period every day, the dark period hockets: light application time 8～10 hours, 25 ℃ of temperature, light intensity are 2300～5500LX; 14～16 hours interlunations, temperature is 15 ℃, and light intensity is 100～750LX; Add a little sterile water every day, filter paper is moistening to be as the criterion addition to keep, and uniformity is wanted in water filling, makes the seed suction good, carries out altogether 28 days, can increase substantially the average germination percentage of kobresia seed.
According to the Tibet kobresia seed after the method processing of the present invention, its germination vigor and germination rate to be measured, its method is respectively:
1) germination vigor is to carry out carrying out the percentage of seedgermination detection initial stage, and kobresia seed began at the 4th～6 day to sprout, and accounts for for the percentage of planting experimentally son with the 7th day normal seeds germinated number of first numeration, represents that with % be accurate to 0.1%, computing formula is as follows:
In the formula: GE represents germination vigor, %; N represents for planting experimentally subnumber; N
1All normal seeds germinated number in expression alloted days;
2) the bud rate is measured with reference to GB/T 2930.4-2001 grass seed inspection procedures and is carried out germination test, represents with %, is accurate to 0.1%;
After first numeration, every numeration in 1～2 day once, record meets the normal seedling of grass seed inspection procedure standard, and seed obvious death or rotten is taken out and numeration; All normal seedlings, undesired seedling, hardseed, fresh ungerminated seeds and blind seed number are write down in the 28th heaven-made last numeration respectively, and composite grain kind subunit produces the above normal seedling of a strain, only writes down a strain seedling;
The result calculates: after last is observed and finished, calculating the normal seedling of each repetition, undesired seedling, hardseed, fresh ungerminated seeds and blind seed accounts for respectively for the percentage of planting experimentally son, wherein the percentage of normal seedling is a germination rate, calculate the mean that repeats for 4 times then, computing formula is as follows:
In the formula: GI represents germination rate, %; N represents for planting experimentally subnumber; N
1The final all normal seeds germinated numbers of expression germination;
Tolerance after the calculating is 5%, if all do not exceed between the numerical value that repeats for 4 times maximum allowance apart from the result is reliably, the mean that repeats for 4 times is the germination rate of this sample;
If exceed maximum allowance distance between the numerical value that 4 times are repeated, then should test once more;
If twice result of the test do not exceed maximum allowance distance, then the mean of two times result is the germination rate of this sample;
If two times result exceeds maximum allowance distance, then should use the same method and test for the third time.The mean of the two times result that record is consistent.
Carry out Tibet kobresia seed germination according to method of the present invention and handle, the kobresia seed average germination percentage can reach more than 80%, and the extensive use in producing for high revegetation, ecological construction and the grassland agriculture carelessly in Tibet has positive effect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a process chart of the present invention.
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment that accompanying drawing and inventor provide.
Embodiment
Tibet kobresia seed germination method of the present invention specifically comprises the following steps:
1) the seed collection time determines
High and cold high carelessly former in Tibet Autonomous Region to high and cold high carelessly pasture, 〉=0 ℃ of accumulated temperature is at 800～1000 ℃, precipitation is in the 300-550mm area, the general seed collecting time mid-August to early September, kobresia seed was gathered in ripening stage to the maturing stage, seed color presents light maroon to maroon, and seed moisture content is 35～47%.
2) seed pre-treatment
To the kobresia seed of gathering then, select clean seed 200 grams, (20 ℃-35 ℃) were deposited one month under the normal temperature, to tide over the seed dormancy phase; Cold-wet stratification (temperature is that 0～4 ℃ wet sand buries) was handled 14 days then; Daylight dries under the normal temperature, wipes the processing (must dab, because its seed is less) of breaking in the seed coat.
3) seed disinfection
The clean seed that wiping is broken in the seed coat is with aseptic water washing 3～5 times, puts into 0.1% mercury chloride then and soaks 3～4 minutes, washes repeatedly 4～5 times with sterile water.
4) sodium hydroxide solution is handled
With concentration is that the sodium hydroxide solution of 20g/L～40g/L was handled seed 3 hours, washes repeatedly 6～9 times with sterile water.
5) standard germination test
Take germinate on the paper (TP).Get the kobresia seed that cleans up after the processing at random, fully mixing divides and gets 400, divides 4 repetitions, each 100; 4 in the clean culture dish of cut-off footpath 25cm, be encased inside double-layer circular filter paper in the culture dish respectively and carefully soak into 0.2% potassium nitrate solution, respectively in each culture dish, be square matrix-shaped 10 * 10 seeds that evenly neatly swing in, every seed should keep certain distance, to reduce adjacent seed, build the culture dish loam cake to the influence of seedling growth and the mutual infection of germ.Totally 4 repetitions.
6) freezing in advance
The seed of waiting to put 4 repetitions behind the bed is moistening, and beginning keeps 7 day time under 5 ℃～10 ℃ temperature.
7) germination illumination condition
At 4 culture dishes putting a kobresia seed after freezing in advance 7 days, move into the climatic cabinate cultivation of germinateing, illumination condition is set at every day and replaced illumination 8～10 hours, and light intensity is 2300～5500LX; Dark 14～16 hours, light intensity was 100～750LX.
8) germination temperature condition
At climatic cabinate, the design temperature condition is to replace 25 ℃ of illumination period temperature every day, and dark period temperature is 15 ℃, carries out 30 days germination tests altogether.Need add a little sterile water every day, and filter paper is moistening to be as the criterion addition to keep, and uniformity is wanted in water filling, makes the seed suction good.
9) germination vigor is measured
Germination vigor is to carry out carrying out the percentage of seedgermination detection initial stage, and kobresia seed began at the 4th～6 day to sprout.Account for for the percentage of planting experimentally son with the normal seeds germinated number of first numeration (the 7th day) numeration.Represent with %, be accurate to 0.1%.Computing formula is as follows:
In the formula: GE---germination vigor, %; N---for planting experimentally subnumber; All normal seeds germinated number in N1---alloted days.
10) germination rate is measured
Under laboratory control and standard conditions, percentage of seedgermination is detected, carry out germination test with reference to GB/T2930.4-2001 grass seed inspection procedure.Represent with %, be accurate to 0.1%.
After first numeration, should be once every numeration in 1～2 day, record meets the normal seedling of grass seed inspection procedure standard.Seed obvious death or rotten is taken out and numeration.During last numeration (the 28th day), write down all normal seedlings, undesired seedling, hardseed, fresh ungerminated seeds and blind seed number respectively.Composite grain kind subunit produces the above normal seedling of a strain, only writes down a strain seedling.
The result calculates: after last is observed and finished, calculate the normal seedling of each repetition, undesired seedling, hardseed, fresh ungerminated seeds and blind seed and account for respectively for the percentage of planting experimentally son.Wherein the percentage of normal seedling is a germination rate.Calculate the mean that repeats for 4 times then.Formula is as follows:
In the formula: GI---germination rate, %; N---for planting experimentally subnumber; N
1---final all normal seeds germinated number germinates.
Tolerance: 5%.If all do not exceed between the numerical value that repeats for 4 times maximum allowance apart from the result is reliably, the mean that repeats for 4 times is the germination rate of this sample.If exceed maximum allowance distance between the numerical value that 4 times are repeated, then should test once more.If twice result of the test do not exceed maximum allowance distance, then the mean of two times result is the germination rate of this sample.If two times result exceeds maximum allowance distance, then should use the same method and test for the third time.The mean of the two times result that record is consistent.
Below be the embodiment that the inventor provides, from these embodiment, can further clearly understand characteristics of the present invention.
Embodiment 1: the sprouting of Tibet Da Hua kobresia seed
The seed in high grass later stage ripening stage of the Da Hua that gathers of mid-August to early September then in Langkazi, the south of the mountains, Tibet, this moment, seed color presented light maroon, water content 39%～46%.Under the normal temperature (20 ℃-35 ℃) in gunnysack or cloth bag in naturally the storage 30 days.Wet sand in 0～4 ℃ after taking out buried 14 days, dried under the normal temperature daylight.Seed is spread out on the concrete floor, dabs with pin.Mercury chloride with 0.1% soaks 3～4 minutes to seed disinfection; Again with sodium hydroxide solution handle (solution concentration is: 20g/L～40g/L) 3 hours, rinse well repeatedly with sterile water afterwards.Potassium nitrate solution with 0.2% is square matrix-shaped 10 * 10 the Da Hua kobresia seeds that evenly neatly swing in after handling germinating bed, and precooling is 7 days under 5～10 ℃ of temperature; Move into climatic cabinate and cultivate, condition of culture is: illumination 10 hours, light intensity are 2300～5500LX, and temperature is 25 ℃ therebetween; Dark 12 hours, light intensity was 100～750LX, and temperature is 15 ℃, carried out altogether finishing in 28 days to germinate.Result of calculation, average germination percentage can reach 90.8%; And do not pass through the percentage of seedgermination 0% of any processing (control group).
Tibet Da Hua kobresia seed germination is table as a result
| Repeat | Put into the date | The first numeration date | First numeration is normal | The last numeration date | The last numeration is normal | The last numeration is unusual | The last numeration is not sent out | Germination rate |
| 1 | December 16 | December 22 | 88 | January 14 | 93 | 1 | 6 | 93％ |
| 2 | December 16 | December 22 | 84 | January 14 | 89 | 2 | 9 | 89％ |
| 3 | December 16 | December 22 | 85 | January 14 | 91 | 1 | 8 | 91％ |
| 4 | December 16 | December 22 | 85 | January 14 | 90 | 2 | 8 | 90％ |
| On average | 85.5 | 90.75 | 1.5 | 7.75 | 90.75％ | |||
| Contrast | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Embodiment 2: the sprouting of the short living kobresia seed in Tibet
The seed in high grass maturing stage of mid-August to the early September short life of gathering then in the Damxung, Tibet, this moment, seed color presented light maroon, water content 36～45%.Under the normal temperature (20 ℃-35 ℃) in gunnysack or cloth bag in naturally the storage 30 days.Wet sand in 0～4 ℃ after taking out buried 14 days, dried under the normal temperature daylight.Seed is spread out on the concrete floor, dabs with pin.Mercury chloride with 0.1% soaks 3～4 minutes to seed disinfection; Again with sodium hydroxide solution handle (solution concentration is: 20g/L～40g/L) 3 hours, rinse well repeatedly with sterile water afterwards.Potassium nitrate solution with 0.2% is square matrix-shaped 10 * 10 the Da Hua kobresia seeds that evenly neatly swing in after handling germinating bed, and precooling is 7 days under 5～10 ℃ of temperature; Move into climatic cabinate and cultivate, condition of culture is: illumination 10 hours, light intensity are 2300～5500LX, and temperature is 25 ℃ therebetween; Dark 12 hours, light intensity was 100～750LX, and temperature is 15 ℃, carried out altogether finishing in 28 days to germinate.Result of calculation, average germination percentage can reach 61.0%; And do not pass through the percentage of seedgermination 10% of any processing (control group).
The short living kobresia seed germination in Tibet is table as a result
| Repeat | Put into the date | The first numeration date | First numeration is normal | The last numeration date | The last numeration is normal | The last numeration is unusual | The last numeration is not sent out | Germination rate |
| 1 | December 23 | December 29 | 36 | January 21 | 62 | 3 | 35 | 62％ |
| 2 | December 23 | December 29 | 34 | January 21 | 61 | 2 | 37 | 61％ |
| 3 | December 23 | December 29 | 31 | January 21 | 62 | 4 | 34 | 62％ |
| 4 | December 23 | December 29 | 32 | January 21 | 59 | 0 | 41 | 59％ |
| On average | 33.25 | 61 | 2.25 | 36.75 | 61％ | |||
| Contrast | 6 | 10 | 0 | 90 | 10％ |
Embodiment 3: the sprouting of Tibet high mountain kobresia seed
At the Nagqu seed in the high mountain of gathering high grass maturing stage mid-August to early September then, this moment, seed color presented maroon, water content 35～44%.Under the normal temperature (20 ℃-35 ℃) in gunnysack or cloth bag in naturally the storage 30 days.Wet sand in 0～4 ℃ after taking out buried 14 days, dried under the normal temperature daylight.Seed is spread out on the concrete floor, dabs with pin.Mercury chloride with 0.1% soaks 3～4 minutes to seed disinfection; Again with sodium hydroxide solution handle (solution concentration is: 20g/L～40g/L) 3 hours, rinse well repeatedly with sterile water afterwards.Potassium nitrate solution with 0.2% is square matrix-shaped 10 * 10 the Da Hua kobresia seeds that evenly neatly swing in after handling germinating bed, and precooling is 7 days under 5～10 ℃ of temperature; Move into climatic cabinate and cultivate, condition of culture is: illumination 10 hours, light intensity are 2300～5500LX, and temperature is 25 ℃ therebetween; Dark 12 hours, light intensity was 100～750LX, and temperature is 15 ℃, carried out altogether finishing in 28 days to germinate.Result of calculation, average germination percentage can reach 49.3%; And do not pass through the percentage of seedgermination 0% of any processing (control group).
Tibet high mountain kobresia seed germination is table as a result
| Repeat | Put into the date | The first numeration date | First numeration is normal | The last numeration date | The last numeration is normal | The last numeration is unusual | The last numeration is not sent out | Germination rate |
| 1 | December 16 | December 22 | 14 | January 14 | 50 | 0 | 50 | 50％ |
| 2 | December 16 | December 22 | 12 | January 14 | 51 | 1 | 48 | 51％ |
| 3 | December 16 | December 22 | 10 | January 14 | 47 | 1 | 52 | 47％ |
| 4 | December 16 | December 22 | 13 | January 14 | 49 | 0 | 51 | 49％ |
| On average | 12.25 | 49.25 | 0.5 | 50.25 | 49.25％ | |||
| Contrast | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Claims (1)
1. a Tibet kobresia seed germination processing method is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
The first step, in mid-August then to early September, high and cold high carelessly former in Tibet Autonomous Region to high and cold high carelessly pasture, 〉=0 ℃ and accumulated temperature are at 800 ℃～1000 ℃, precipitation is collected seed in 300mm～550mm area, and the ripening stage of kobresia seed, the color of kobresia seed presented light maroon to maroon to ripening period, the kobresia seed of can gathering, the seed moisture content of gathering is 35%～47%;
In second step, to the kobresia seed removal of impurities of gathering, select under the clean seed normal temperature and deposited one month, to tide over the seed dormancy phase; Cold-wet stratification is handled then, promptly buries 14 days in temperature is 0～4 ℃ wet sand; Daylight dries under the normal temperature, and wipes and break in the seed coat;
In the 3rd step, the clean seed that wiping is broken in the seed coat is with aseptic water washing 3～5 times, puts into 0.1% mercury chloride then and soaks 3 minutes～4 minutes, takes out and washes repeatedly 4～5 times with sterile water; Be that the sodium hydroxide solution of 20g/L～40g/L was handled seed 3 hours with concentration again, take out the back and washes repeatedly 6～9 times with sterile water;
The 4th step, the clean culture dish of cut-off footpath 25cm is as germinating bed, be encased inside double-layer circular filter paper in the culture dish and soak into 0.2% potassium nitrate solution, picked at random sodium hydroxide solution processing back and the kobresia seed that cleans up are square matrix-shaped and evenly swing in the germinating bed, keep certain distance between every seed, to reduce adjacent seed, build the culture dish loam cake to the influence of seedling growth and the mutual infection of germ;
The 5th step, the seed of waiting to put behind the bed is moistening, beginning freezing maintenance 7 days under 5～10 ℃ of temperature, move into the climatic cabinate cultivation of germinateing then, the illumination condition of cultivating that germinates is set at illumination period every day, the dark period hockets: light application time 8～10 hours, 25 ℃ of temperature, light intensity are 2300～5500LX; 14～16 hours interlunations, temperature is 15 ℃, and light intensity is 100～750LX; Add an amount of sterile water every day, filter paper is moistening to be as the criterion addition to keep, and uniformity is wanted in water filling, makes the seed suction good, carries out altogether 28 days, can increase substantially the average germination percentage of kobresia seed.
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| CN107295872A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-10-27 | 兰州大学 | It is a kind of to suppress the new method that grass seed inferior sprouts |
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| CN102498784B (en) * | 2011-10-27 | 2013-08-07 | 中国农业大学 | Method for facilitating germination of India rice grass seeds |
| CN103392408B (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2015-06-03 | 广州大学 | Method used for promoting germination of polygonum multiflorum thunb. polyploid seeds |
| CN112514751B (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2022-06-17 | 广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所（广西亚热带农产品加工研究所） | Long-term storage and recovery method of cassava crossbreeding capsule |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107295872A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-10-27 | 兰州大学 | It is a kind of to suppress the new method that grass seed inferior sprouts |
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