CN109500330A - A kind of cogging method of the big size ingot-casting of nickel-base alloy - Google Patents
A kind of cogging method of the big size ingot-casting of nickel-base alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN109500330A CN109500330A CN201710828314.4A CN201710828314A CN109500330A CN 109500330 A CN109500330 A CN 109500330A CN 201710828314 A CN201710828314 A CN 201710828314A CN 109500330 A CN109500330 A CN 109500330A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/06—Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
- B21J5/08—Upsetting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/10—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of nickel or cobalt or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of nickel base superalloy large scale ingot formation methods, this method comprises: steel ingot after Homogenization Treatments, carries out peeling surface processing；Steel ingot diameter range 600~φ of φ 1000mm；Steel ingot is put into heating and thermal insulation in heating furnace, it is 1100~1120 DEG C of heating temperature, to be forged；The steel ingot of good heat insulation is subjected to first time jumping-up, pulling processing；Steel ingot carries out second of jumping-up, pulling processing；Steel ingot carries out third time jumping-up, pulling processing: alloy cast ingot jumping-up pressure height 1/3~1/2 first, then slight shaping around ingot casting；Target size is arrived in finally pulling, and each fire time final forging temperature is greater than 1000 DEG C；Steel ingot carries out isothermal holding after forging.The present invention is on the basis of isothermal holding after improving the secondary deflection of Ingot Surface Quality, controlled forge process temperature, fire and forging, using the deformation technique of " three upsettings three are pulled out ", the big specification bar stock met the requirements is successfully prepared, the problems such as bar stock cracking, grain structure are uneven and performance does not conform to is efficiently solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the big size ingot-casting cogging method of ni-base wrought superalloy and its correlative technology fields, especially relate to
And for the energy, the cogging method of high-end equipment field large scale diskware bar stock including In706, In718 etc..Pass through this method
Diameter phi 600~φ 1200mm, the large scale rod bar that grain structure and performance are met the requirements can be obtained.It is according to the present invention
Large-sized nickel based alloy bar is mainly used in the fields such as ground gas turbine, civil engine rotation diskware.
Background technique
With large-scale developing and utilizing for China's natural gas resource, transfering natural gas from the west to the east, the coastal waters construction of natural gas fields and introduction are external
Liquefied natural gas engineering is in full swing, and country starts to pay attention to developing Natural Gas turbine combined cycle generation.Wherein, with weight
Type combustion engine is that using energy source and transformation efficiency can be significantly increased in the extra-supercritical unit of core, reduces carbon emission amount,
Status in electricity power industry becomes increasingly conspicuous.
But it is limited by external technology blockage and limitation, gas turbine hot-end component manufacturing technology is still limitation China
The technical bottleneck of combustion engine autonomy-oriented production.By taking gas turbine large scale turbine diskware as an example, F grades of turbine diskware diameters are reachable at present
2000mm or more, substance is up to 8 tons.Produce the diskware met the requirements, first two key technologies of Gonna breakthrough: the first, big ruler
Three smelting techniques of very little ingot casting.Its technological difficulties is exactly to control ingot structure metallurgical quality, it is ensured that without metallurgical imperfection.In country
Under the support of relevant item, Baosteel special steel is realized in three smelting technique of large scale ingot casting to be broken through, produce diameter up to 800~
900mm high quality ingot casting.The second, the hammer cogging technology of large scale ingot casting.Due to being limited by diskware size, substance and ratio of height to diameter
System will meet production diameter 2000mm diskware requirement, and corresponding bar stock diameter will reach 800mm or more, and substance is more than 8 tons.And this
One technical problem is always to limit the problem of China's gas turbine development.
Since high temperature alloy has, alloying level high (generally higher than 40wt%), resistance of deformation be very big, hot-working section
The features such as narrow, it is big that this just inherently determines that it forges difficulty.Moreover, especially diameter is super as cast ingot dimension increases
600mm is crossed, this difficulty further increases.Currently, existing very during large scale high temperature alloy ingot formation both at home and abroad
More problems, especially diameter reach the super large bar stock forging of 800mm or more.It is mainly manifested in following three aspects: the first, bar
Face checking.Since bar stock size is larger, inner and outer temperatures gradient is very big, therefore, in heating, forging process inside and outside it
Portion's temperature, stress state are widely different, control bad extremely easy crack.The second, internal grain organizational coarseness.It is limited to stick
Base size, the distribution of bar stock internal strain are difficult uniformly, this is easy for texture of coarse crystal occur.Third, performance be not up to standard, especially
It is that toughness index is poor.Consider hot procedure tissue heredity, bar stock tissue grain size, uniformity for diskware group
It knits, performance has a significant impact.Therefore, using which kind of cogging technics, tissue is produced, the bar stock that performance is met the requirements is always tired
Disturb the problem on entire metallurgical boundary.
By literature query and patent retrieval, a kind of GH738 high temperature alloy is described in 201510658047.1 patent of CN
Large scale ingot formation method.This method is by the alloy steel ingot after homogenization, by multiple upsetting pull cogging to obtain uniformly
The bar stock of small grains meets fine grained texture's uniformity controlling requirement of large scale alloy forged piece.But the patent only for
GH738 alloy, and for steel ingot having a size of φ 500~φ 620mm, size and substance are all less than normal in embodiment, have certain office
It is sex-limited.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a kind of nickel-base alloy large scale ingot formation method.The party
Method is primarily adapted for use in the alloys such as similar In706, In718, for producing the big specification bar stock of heavy duty gas turbine hot-end component.It is logical
Diameter can be produced up to φ 600~φ 1200mm by crossing this method, the large scale rod bar that performance is met the requirements.
The technical scheme is that a kind of nickel base superalloy large scale ingot formation method, the specific step of this method
Suddenly include:
1) steel ingot carries out peeling surface processing after Homogenization Treatments；Steel ingot diameter range 600~φ of φ 1000mm；
2) steel ingot is put into heating and thermal insulation in heating furnace, it is 1100~1120 DEG C of heating temperature, to be forged；
3) steel ingot of good heat insulation is subjected to first time jumping-up, pulling is handled: alloy cast ingot jumping-up pressure height 1/3 first,
Then by shaping slight around ingot casting；Steel ingot original size is arrived in finally pulling, and each fire time final forging temperature is greater than 1000 DEG C；
4) steel ingot carries out second of jumping-up, pulling processing: then alloy cast ingot jumping-up pressure height 1/3~1/2 first is cast
Slight shaping around ingot；Steel ingot original size is arrived in finally pulling, and each fire time final forging temperature is greater than 1000 DEG C；
5) steel ingot carries out third time jumping-up, pulling processing: then alloy cast ingot jumping-up pressure height 1/3~1/2 first is cast
Slight shaping around ingot；Finally target size (600~φ of φ 1200mm) is arrived in pulling, and each fire time final forging temperature is greater than 1000
DEG C, target size bar stock is obtained, forging is completed；
6) isothermal holding is carried out after steel ingot forging.
Wherein, steel ingot diameter is 600~φ of φ 1000mm, surface of steel ingot 3~5mm of unilateral vehicle light in step 1), removes steel
Ingot surface defect, pole cold-zone improve steel ingot hot-workability.
Nickel base superalloy large scale ingot formation method according to the present invention, it is preferred that at the step 6) heat preservation
Reason is that steel ingot is put into heating furnace, and stove waits for that temperature sets 800~900 DEG C, and furnace cooling drops to 400 DEG C to furnace temperature, out
Furnace is air-cooled.Steel ingot internal and external temperature gradient can be effectively controlled in this way, reduced bar built-in thermal stress, prevented bar stock from cracking.
Nickel base superalloy large scale ingot formation method according to the present invention, it is preferred that step 2) it is described heating be
280-320 DEG C of temperature range keeps the temperature 4-6 hour, heats 15 hours or more, is warming up to 1100~1120 DEG C, then 1100~
1120 DEG C of sections keep the temperature 7 hours or more.
Nickel base superalloy large scale ingot formation method according to the present invention, it is preferred that the total forging ratio control of steel ingot exists
(9~11): 1 range.It can guarantee the tissue and performance requirement of finished product bar stock in this way, and there is technique realizability and economy
Property.
Preferably, all jumping-ups, pulling process are all completed in quick forging machine.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
A kind of nickel-base alloy large scale ingot formation method of the present invention is improving Ingot Surface Quality, control forging
After making temperature, fire time deflection and forging on the basis of isothermal holding, using the deformation technique of " three upsettings three are pulled out ", successfully prepare full
The big specification bar stock required enough efficiently solves the problems such as bar stock cracking, grain structure are uneven and performance does not conform to.This
Breakthrough indicates that domestic smelter successfully grasps large scale rod bar forging technology, the equipments such as powerful support China heavy combustion engine hair
Exhibition.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is Heating Steel Ingots curve graph of the invention.
Fig. 2 is bar grain structure photo in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 3 is bar grain structure photo in embodiment 2.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
A kind of nickel-base alloy large scale ingot formation method and step is as follows:
1) steel ingot is after Homogenization Treatments, surface vehicle light processing, and steel ingot final diameter is φ 600mm.
2) steel ingot handled well is put into heating and thermal insulation in heating furnace, 1110 DEG C of heating temperature.
3) it is heated to the steel ingot of temperature, comes out of the stove and carries out first time jumping-up, pulling.Jumping-up depresses steel ingot height 1/3, then by stick
Base is pulled out to steel ingot original size, and each fire time final forging temperature is not less than 1000 DEG C.
4) steel ingot is kept the temperature in 1110 DEG C of completions, carries out second of jumping-up, pulling.Jumping-up depresses steel ingot height 1/3, then will
Bar stock is pulled out to steel ingot original size, and each fire time final forging temperature is not less than 1000 DEG C.
5) steel ingot is kept the temperature in 1110 DEG C of completions, carries out third time jumping-up, pulling.Jumping-up depresses steel ingot height 1/2, then will
Bar stock is pulled out to φ 700mm, and each fire time final forging temperature is not less than 1000 DEG C.The total forging ratio of steel ingot is 9.5:1.
6) steel ingot that forging terminates is immediately placed in heating furnace, and stove waits for that temperature is 800 DEG C, and furnace cooling is dropped to furnace temperature
To 400 DEG C, come out of the stove air-cooled.
Cogging bar will be obtained and carry out metallographic structure analysis, 3~6 grades of grain structure at bar axial direction R/2, bar mechanical property
It can examine and also meet technical standard requirement, be shown in Table 1.
Bar mechanical performance data in 1 embodiment 1 of table
Embodiment 2:
A kind of nickel-base alloy large scale ingot formation method and step is as follows:
1) steel ingot is after Homogenization Treatments, surface vehicle light processing, and steel ingot final diameter is φ 800mm.
2) steel ingot handled well is put into heating and thermal insulation in heating furnace, 1120 DEG C of heating temperature.
3) it is heated to the steel ingot of temperature, comes out of the stove and carries out first time jumping-up, pulling.Jumping-up depresses steel ingot height 1/3, then by stick
Base is pulled out to steel ingot original size, and each fire time final forging temperature is not less than 1000 DEG C of
4) steel ingot is kept the temperature in 1120 DEG C of completions, carries out second of jumping-up, pulling.Jumping-up depresses steel ingot height 1/2, then will
Bar stock is pulled out to steel ingot original size, and each fire time final forging temperature is not less than 1000 DEG C of
5) steel ingot is kept the temperature in 1120 DEG C of completions, carries out third time jumping-up, pulling.Jumping-up depresses steel ingot height 1/2, then will
Bar stock is pulled out to φ 950mm, and every fire final forging temperature is not less than 1000 DEG C.The total forging ratio of steel ingot reaches 10.4:1.
6) steel ingot that forging terminates is immediately placed in heating furnace, and stove waits for that temperature is 900 DEG C, and furnace cooling is dropped to furnace temperature
To 400 DEG C, come out of the stove air-cooled.
Cogging bar will be obtained and carry out metallographic structure analysis, 3~4 grades of grain structure at bar axial direction R/2, bar mechanical property
It can examine and also meet technical standard requirement, be shown in Table 2.
Bar mechanical performance data in 2 embodiment 2 of table
Embodiment 3:
A kind of nickel-base alloy large scale ingot formation method and step is as follows:
1) steel ingot is after Homogenization Treatments, surface vehicle light processing, and steel ingot final diameter is φ 650mm.
2) steel ingot handled well is put into heating and thermal insulation in heating furnace, 1120 DEG C of heating temperature.
3) it is heated to the steel ingot of temperature, comes out of the stove and carries out first time jumping-up, pulling.Jumping-up depresses steel ingot height 1/3, then by stick
Base is pulled out to steel ingot original size, and each fire time final forging temperature is not less than 1000 DEG C.
4) steel ingot is kept the temperature in 1110 DEG C of completions, carries out second of jumping-up, pulling.Jumping-up depresses steel ingot height 1/2, then will
Bar stock is pulled out to steel ingot original size, and each fire time final forging temperature is not less than 1000 DEG C.
5) steel ingot is kept the temperature in 1110 DEG C of completions, carries out third time jumping-up, pulling.Jumping-up depresses steel ingot height 1/2, then will
Bar stock is pulled out to φ 800mm, and each fire time final forging temperature is not less than 1000 DEG C.The total forging ratio of steel ingot reaches 10.3:1.
6) steel ingot that forging terminates is immediately placed in heating furnace, and stove waits for that temperature is 900 DEG C, and furnace cooling is dropped to furnace temperature
To 400 DEG C, come out of the stove air-cooled.
Cogging bar will be obtained and carry out metallographic structure analysis, 4~5 grades of grain structure at bar axial direction R/2, bar mechanical property
It can examine and also meet technical standard requirement, be shown in Table 3.
Bar mechanical performance data in 3 embodiment 3 of table
Claims (5)
1. a kind of nickel base superalloy large scale ingot formation method, it is characterised in that: the specific steps of this method include:
1) steel ingot carries out peeling surface processing after Homogenization Treatments；Steel ingot diameter range 600~φ of φ 1000mm；
2) steel ingot is put into heating and thermal insulation in heating furnace, it is 1100~1120 DEG C of heating temperature, to be forged；
3) steel ingot of good heat insulation is subjected to first time jumping-up, pulling is handled: alloy cast ingot jumping-up pressure height 1/3 first, then
By shaping slight around ingot casting；Steel ingot original size is arrived in finally pulling, and each fire time final forging temperature is greater than 1000 DEG C；
4) steel ingot carries out second of jumping-up, pulling processing: alloy cast ingot jumping-up pressure height 1/3~1/2 first, then ingot casting week
Enclose slight shaping；Steel ingot original size is arrived in finally pulling, and each fire time final forging temperature is greater than 1000 DEG C；
5) steel ingot carries out third time jumping-up, pulling processing: alloy cast ingot jumping-up pressure height 1/3~1/2 first, then ingot casting week
Enclose slight shaping；Finally target size (600~φ of φ 1000mm) is arrived in pulling, and each fire time final forging temperature is greater than 1000 DEG C, is obtained
To target size bar stock, forging is completed；
6) isothermal holding is carried out after steel ingot forging.
2. nickel base superalloy large scale ingot formation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: at the heat preservation
Reason is that steel ingot is put into heating furnace, and stove waits for that temperature sets 800~900 DEG C, and furnace cooling drops to 400 DEG C to furnace temperature, out
Furnace is air-cooled.
3. nickel base superalloy large scale ingot formation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 2) is described
Heating be 300 ± 20 DEG C heat preservation 4-6 hours, heat at least 15 hours, be warming up to 1100~1120 DEG C, then 1100~
1120 DEG C of sections keep the temperature at least 7 hours.
4. nickel base superalloy large scale ingot formation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the total forging ratio of steel ingot
Control is in 9~11:1 range.
5. nickel base superalloy large scale ingot formation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: all jumping-ups,
Pulling process is all completed in quick forging machine.
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110592506A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-20 | 北京钢研高纳科技股份有限公司 | GH4780 alloy blank and forging and preparation method thereof |
| CN112981181A (en) * | 2021-02-10 | 2021-06-18 | 北京理工大学 | Preparation method of large-size high-performance nickel-tungsten alloy bar |
| CN114032375A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-02-11 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院股份有限公司 | Processing method of super 13Cr stainless steel forged material |
| CN114226620A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-03-25 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | Method for refining grain size of GH2907 alloy annular forging |
| CN114309411A (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2022-04-12 | 中聚信海洋工程装备有限公司 | Crank prefabricated part forging process |
| CN114367612A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2022-04-19 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Forging method of alloy bar for 700-DEG C-grade ultra-supercritical unit |
| CN114523065A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-05-24 | 上海新闵重型锻造有限公司 | Method for manufacturing middle ring of in-pile member |
| CN114700451A (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2022-07-05 | 江西宝顺昌特种合金制造有限公司 | Forging production process of Waspaloy nickel-based alloy |
| CN114833284A (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2022-08-02 | 江西宝顺昌特种合金制造有限公司 | GH4145 alloy forging and preparation method thereof |
| CN115354253A (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2022-11-18 | 北京钢研高纳科技股份有限公司 | GH4780 alloy forging with high oxidation resistance and preparation method thereof |
| CN116603963A (en) * | 2023-05-24 | 2023-08-18 | 陕西长羽航空装备股份有限公司 | Upsetting method for high-temperature alloy with large height-diameter ratio |
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110592506A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-20 | 北京钢研高纳科技股份有限公司 | GH4780 alloy blank and forging and preparation method thereof |
| CN114367612A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2022-04-19 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Forging method of alloy bar for 700-DEG C-grade ultra-supercritical unit |
| CN112981181A (en) * | 2021-02-10 | 2021-06-18 | 北京理工大学 | Preparation method of large-size high-performance nickel-tungsten alloy bar |
| CN114226620A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-03-25 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | Method for refining grain size of GH2907 alloy annular forging |
| CN114032375A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-02-11 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院股份有限公司 | Processing method of super 13Cr stainless steel forged material |
| CN114523065A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-05-24 | 上海新闵重型锻造有限公司 | Method for manufacturing middle ring of in-pile member |
| CN114523065B (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2024-02-20 | 上海新闵新能源科技股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing middle ring of in-pile member |
| CN114309411A (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2022-04-12 | 中聚信海洋工程装备有限公司 | Crank prefabricated part forging process |
| CN114700451A (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2022-07-05 | 江西宝顺昌特种合金制造有限公司 | Forging production process of Waspaloy nickel-based alloy |
| CN114700451B (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2023-11-03 | 江西宝顺昌特种合金制造有限公司 | Forging production process of Waspaloy nickel-based alloy |
| CN114833284A (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2022-08-02 | 江西宝顺昌特种合金制造有限公司 | GH4145 alloy forging and preparation method thereof |
| CN114833284B (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2023-10-13 | 江西宝顺昌特种合金制造有限公司 | GH4145 alloy forging and preparation method thereof |
| CN115354253A (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2022-11-18 | 北京钢研高纳科技股份有限公司 | GH4780 alloy forging with high oxidation resistance and preparation method thereof |
| CN115354253B (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2023-01-20 | 北京钢研高纳科技股份有限公司 | GH4780 alloy forging with high oxidation resistance and preparation method thereof |
| CN116603963A (en) * | 2023-05-24 | 2023-08-18 | 陕西长羽航空装备股份有限公司 | Upsetting method for high-temperature alloy with large height-diameter ratio |
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