CN101153360A - Method of producing large scale high-temperature alloy round cake - Google Patents
Method of producing large scale high-temperature alloy round cake Download PDFInfo
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- CN101153360A CN101153360A CNA200610116738XA CN200610116738A CN101153360A CN 101153360 A CN101153360 A CN 101153360A CN A200610116738X A CNA200610116738X A CN A200610116738XA CN 200610116738 A CN200610116738 A CN 200610116738A CN 101153360 A CN101153360 A CN 101153360A
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- 229910045601 alloys Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000000956 alloys Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
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Abstract
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of metallurgy industry superalloy cake, relate in particular to a kind of preparation method of difficult wrought superalloy cake.
Background technology
Superalloy is the necessary important meals material of modern Aeronautics and Astronautics engine.It can bear big stress and life-time service under hot environment (referring generally to 600 ℃～900 ℃), oxidizing atmosphere and exhaust gas corrosion condition.Superalloy can tentatively be determined the resistance to deformation of this alloy and forge working plasticity according to the content of its alloying element.
Usually its machining deformation drag of superalloy that alloying level is low is low, and good forging working plasticity is arranged, also relatively easy deformation processing; And the high superalloy resistance to deformation of alloying level is big, and hot-workability is poor, is difficult for forging processing, and these high-alloyings are difficult for forged alloy and are commonly called difficult wrought superalloy.The GH105 alloy just belongs to difficult wrought superalloy.The GH105 alloy is a kind of title code name of superalloy, and this alloy is mainly used in key parts such as the blade of making advanced aircraft engine, sealing member, fastening piece, is the important material of using of domestic novel advanced aircraft engine.
Part component in the aircraft engine of new generation that China produces utilize GH105 superalloy cake produced exactly.
The GH105 alloy is a nickel base superalloy, usually the content sum of ni-base wrought superalloy Al, Ti two elements more than 5.0% and γ ' strengthening phase (a kind of intermetallic compound) amount of separating out just belonging to difficult wrought superalloy more than 30%.And in the GH105 alloy content sum of Al, Ti two elements between 5.68～6.4%, the amount of separating out at the γ ' strengthening phase of separating out on the austenitic matrix after the thermal treatment timeliness can reach more than 45% of alloy volume, also contains solution strengthening elements such as Cr, Co, Mo simultaneously.Therefore GH105 alloy thermal processing distortion drag is very strong, and the non-constant of hot-workability.
The use temperature of GH105 alloy can reach about 900 ℃, and it has over-all propertieies such as good high-temperature intensity, antifatigue creep and high temperature oxidation corrosion resistance.But because the alloying level height of this alloy, resistance to deformation is big, and hot-workability is poor, but the temperature range of thermal processing distortion between 1050 ℃～1140 ℃, scope is narrower, in a single day temperature exceeds this interval, forging steel ingot just can seriously ftracture.Producing this superalloy with conventional forging method is difficult to ensure the quality of products.
The preparation technology of present domestic superalloy cake is:
(1) adopts the smelting technology of vacuum induction furnace+consumable electrode vacuum furnace remelting, smelt the consumable ingot of diameter 〉=Φ 360mm;
(2) adopt forging equipment such as fast forging machine, the consumable ingot heating pulling of this big ingot shape is thinner alloy pole, pulling is than greater than 3;
(3) the machining peeling is carried out on alloy pole surface, made its surperficial zero defect;
(4) pole scale blanking promptly according to the size of cake, is cut into the suitable little pole of size with the alloy pole, and the aspect ratio of alloy pole is between 2.0～2.5;
(5) blank heating, the roundlet rod blank that scale is cut down heats under certain heating process;
(6) rammer cake: will transfer on the press according to the blank after the above-mentioned heating process heating, upsetting pressure is to required specification then.
(7) subsequent disposal.The blank cake of upsetting is carried out machining, thermal treatment and performance test etc.
What above-mentioned common process can be made big specification blames the wrought superalloy cake, and can not make the big specification cake of difficult wrought superalloy, and reason is as follows:
Can't smelt the GH105 alloy consumable ingot that diameter is 360mm with above-mentioned processing method;
It is the above consumable ingot of 360mm that the smelting that promptly allows to success goes out diameter, then the pulling operation of the consumable ingot of this size also is difficult to finish, since alloy degree of the changing into height of GH105 alloy, very difficult distortion, need many fire, multiple operation, when pulling, be easy to cracking simultaneously;
Alloy thermal processing distortion temperature range is narrower, and between 1050 ℃～1140 ℃, temperature drop is too fast in transfer, rammer cake process, is easy to generate cracking, causes scrapping;
Can not guarantee that in rammer cake process complete cross section than greater than 6, can not improve the segregation degree of alloy pig simultaneously, can not improve the hot-workability of alloy.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method who is suitable for producing difficult wrought superalloy cake,, produce the superalloy cake of the big specification of difficult distortion by improvement to existing manufacturing process.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, preparation method's concrete steps of the present invention are as follows:
(1) uses the vacuum induction furnace smelting electrode bar, when alloy smelting, add a certain amount of micro-Mg;
(2) electrode bar surface grinding is removed the rising head of electrode bar head;
(3) will polish, the electrode bar after the remove feeders utilizes the consumable electrode vacuum furnace remelting to go out the consumable ingot;
(4) after ingot is taken off in the cooling of consumable ingot, carry out homogenizing diffusion annealing and handle;
(5) consumable ingot surface car light;
(6) consumable ingot afterbody is cut about 20mm～30mm, from from the blanking of ingot butt scale, the aspect ratio of blank is 2.5～2.7 after the blanking;
(7) blank is carried out jacket, the blank heating good to jacket;
(8) rammer cake;
(9) cooling;
(10) machining.
Wherein, the micro-Mg that when alloy smelting, adds account for the alloy gross weight weight percent be: 0.004%, add the hot-workability that Mg can improve alloy, improve the high temperature grain-boundary strength and the comprehensive mechanical property of alloy.
Utilize the consumable electrode vacuum furnace remelting to go out the consumable ingot electrode bar of polishing, remove feeders, every stove consumable ingot weight is greater than 170Kg; This little ingot shape speed of cooling is fast, and crystalline state is good, has reduced thermal stresses and structural transformation stress, can effectively prevent large steel ingot smelting rimose problem.
After ingot is taken off in the cooling of consumable ingot, it is carried out homogenizing diffusion annealing handle, make alloy reduce segregation, improve its hot-workability.During the temperature in process furnace≤700 ℃ the consumable ingot is put into stove, begin then to heat up, rising to 1160 ± 10 ℃ from 700 ℃ needs 6 hours at least; When furnace temperature reaches 1160 ± 10 ℃, keep temperature-resistant, heated at least 8 hours; Next begin to heat up, rising to 1190 ± 10 ℃ from 1160 ± 10 ℃ needs 1 hour at least, when temperature reaches 1190 ± 10 ℃, keeps temperature-resistant again, heats at least 15 hours again.Whole heat-processed will be carried out in strict accordance with heating process, will be during intensification at the uniform velocity to heat up, and the furnace temperature deviation is no more than 20 ℃ at most.
Consumable ingot afterbody excision 20～30mm if lacking of excision might make the defect part of consumable ingot afterbody not remove totally, finally makes the performance inconsistency lattice of finished product cake; And excision is too many, then there is no need, and causes waste.
The present invention is 2.5～2.7 with the aspect ratio of blank, has remedied pulling than the deficiency that is zero, and forging ratio is reached about 6, does not influence the alloy organizing performance.
Blank is carried out jacket: with the straight carbon steel steel pipe socket on blank, and then the circular steel plate of the straight carbon steel of same steel grade, stack pile is welded on the both ends of the surface capping of steel pipe, weld is closely knit firmly, be circular hole about φ 20mm simultaneously, to prevent that gas expansion causes the steel bushing explosion when the forging and pressing leaving diameter on the capping steel plate.
The blank good to jacket heats, and blank put into stove in furnace temperature during smaller or equal to 700 ℃, begins then to heat up, and rising to 900 ± 20 ℃ from 700 ℃ needs 3 hours at least; When furnace temperature reaches 900 ± 20 ℃, keep temperature-resistant, heated at least 1 hour; Next begin to heat up, rising to 1140 ± 10 ℃ from 900 ± 20 ℃ needs 4 hours at least, when temperature reaches 1140 ± 10 ℃, keeps temperature-resistant again, heats at least 3 hours again.Whole heat-processed will be carried out in strict accordance with heating process, will be during intensification at the uniform velocity to heat up, and the furnace temperature deviation is no more than 20 ℃ at most.
During the pier cake blank is transferred on the forging press in body of heater rapidly, adjusted pressing down after the position, when upsetting to former height 1/2, the blank upset is forged to blank cake height for 180 ° again, whole rammer cake process one fire is finished.For the ease of following process, in rammer cake process, make the cylindrical of blank cake be cydariform as far as possible, both ends of the surface are smooth as far as possible, because if the profile circle of blank cake is cydariform, the turning amount is smaller during machining, the lumber recovery height is saved cost.
In addition, final forging temperature is necessary 〉=and 1050 ℃, if less than 1050 ℃, when forging, can make blank produce serious cracking phenomena, cause blank to scrap.
What cooling was adopted is to forge the back air cooling, forges the back air cooling and is meant after blank is upset into the cake of desired size, cake is directly transferred to vacant lot place, and is exposed to naturally cooling in the air.
The good blank cake spare condition of surface of upsetting is relatively poor, in order to remove the steel bushing on surface, must carry out mechanical process to the cake blank simultaneously, to foreign round and end face carry out car light, car light rear surface is smooth, do not have polishing.
Preparation method of the present invention does not change existing weaponry and equipment, and the existing conventional processing method has been carried out process modification: the processing on counter electrode rod surface; Steel ingot is out of shape but directly scale blanking without pulling; Improved the blank aspect ratio; Increased blank jacket technology, the big specification less-deformable alloy cake product percent of pass height of producing.
Figure of description
Fig. 1 is consumable ingot homogenizing diffusion annealing treatment process figure among the present invention.
Fig. 2 is blank heating artwork among the present invention.
Embodiment
Below by specific embodiment preparation method of the present invention is described.
Embodiment 1
1. utilize vacuum induction furnace smelting to go out the electrode bar of φ 125 * 1820mm, when alloy smelting, add 0.004% the micro-Mg that accounts for the alloy gross weight simultaneously.
2. the electrode bar surface is utilized equipment polishings such as peeling machine, and the rising head excision of electrode bar head is clean;
3. will polish, go the electrode bar of rising head to utilize the 42#2.5 ton consumable electrode vacuum furnace remelting of our factory to go out the consumable ingot of Φ 170mm;
4. the consumable ingot is carried out homogenizing diffusion annealing and handle, treatment process is seen shown in Figure 1;
5. utilize lathe with Φ 170mm consumable ingot car light to Φ 155mm, to remove defectives such as casting skin and surface crack;
6. scale blanking: it is long that the consumable ingot afterbody behind the car light is cut 20～30mm, and from the blanking of afterbody scale, the specification of blanking is then: Φ 155 * 410mm, the aspect ratio of blank are 2.65.
7. blank is carried out jacket: internal diameter is φ 160mm, wall thickness 8mm, is about the common carbon steel| pipe box of 420mm on blank, and then the steel plate of same steel grade, stack pile, diameter phi 176mm is welded on the both ends of the surface capping of steel pipe, staying diameter on the steel plate of capping simultaneously is the hole of 20mm; The blank good to jacket heats, and heating process is seen shown in Figure 2.The blank good to jacket heats, and blank put into stove in furnace temperature during smaller or equal to 700 ℃, begins then to heat up, and rising to 900 ± 20 ℃ from 700 ℃ needs 3 hours at least; When furnace temperature reaches 900 ± 20 ℃, keep temperature-resistant, heated at least 1 hour; Next begin to heat up, rising to 1140 ± 10 ℃ from 900 ± 20 ℃ needs 4 hours at least, when temperature reaches 1140 ± 10 ℃, keeps temperature-resistant again, heats at least 3 hours again.Whole heat-processed will be carried out in strict accordance with heating process, will be during intensification at the uniform velocity to heat up, and the furnace temperature deviation is no more than 20 ℃ at most.
8. pier cake: after the technology heating of blank according to Fig. 2, in body of heater, transfer on the forging press rapidly, one fire is (in alloy this engineering from the blank to the finished product, blank has only heated and once has been a fire, heated and be two fire for twice) high 80mm is arrived in the blank upsetting pressure,, in rammer cake process, make the cylindrical of blank be cydariform as far as possible, both ends of the surface are smooth as far as possible, final forging temperature 〉=1050 ℃;
9. cooling: forge the back air cooling, and perform mark;
10. machining: the good cake blank condition of surface of upsetting is relatively poor, in order to remove the steel bushing on surface, must carry out mechanical process to the blank cake simultaneously, to foreign round and end face all want car light, the final dimension of Che Guanghou is: Φ 345 * 50mm.
Embodiment 2
1. utilize vacuum induction furnace smelting to go out the electrode bar of φ 125 * 1820mm, when alloy smelting, add 0.004% the micro-Mg that accounts for the alloy gross weight simultaneously.
2. the electrode bar surface is utilized equipment polishings such as peeling machine, and the rising head excision of electrode bar head is clean;
3. will polish, go the electrode bar of rising head to utilize the 42#2.5 ton consumable electrode vacuum furnace remelting of our factory to go out the consumable ingot of Φ 170mm;
4. the consumable ingot is carried out homogenizing diffusion annealing and handle, treatment process is seen shown in Figure 1;
5. utilize lathe with Φ 170mm consumable ingot car light to Φ 155mm, to remove defectives such as casting skin and surface crack;
6. scale blanking: it is long that the consumable ingot afterbody behind the car light is cut 20～30mm, and from the blanking of afterbody scale, the specification of blanking is then: Φ 155 * 388mm, the aspect ratio of blank are 2.5.
7. blank is carried out jacket: internal diameter is φ 160mm, wall thickness 8mm, is about the common carbon steel| pipe box of 400mm on blank, and then the steel plate of same steel grade, stack pile, diameter phi 176mm is welded on the both ends of the surface capping of steel pipe, staying diameter on the steel plate of capping simultaneously is the circular hole of 20mm; The blank good to jacket heats, and heating process is seen shown in Figure 2.Blank is put into stove in furnace temperature during smaller or equal to 700 ℃, begin then to heat up, rising to 900 ± 20 ℃ from 700 ℃ needs 3 hours at least; When furnace temperature reaches 900 ± 20 ℃, keep temperature-resistant, heated at least 1 hour; Next begin to heat up, rising to 1140 ± 10 ℃ from 900 ± 20 ℃ needs 4 hours at least, when temperature reaches 1140 ± 10 ℃, keeps temperature-resistant again, heats at least 3 hours again.Whole heat-processed will be carried out in strict accordance with heating process, will be during intensification at the uniform velocity to heat up, and the furnace temperature deviation is no more than 20 ℃ at most.
8. pier cake: after the technology heating of blank according to Fig. 2, in body of heater, transfer on the forging press rapidly, one fire is (in alloy this engineering from the blank to the finished product, blank has only heated and once has been a fire, heated and be two fire for twice) in rammer cake process, make the cylindrical of blank be cydariform to high 75mm as far as possible the blank upsetting pressure, both ends of the surface are smooth as far as possible, final forging temperature 〉=1050 ℃;
9. cooling: forge the back air cooling, and perform mark;
10. machining: the good cake blank condition of surface of upsetting is relatively poor, in order to remove the steel bushing on surface, must carry out mechanical process to the cake blank simultaneously, to foreign round and end face all want car light, the final dimension of Che Guanghou is: Φ 345 * 50mm.
Embodiment 3
1. utilize vacuum induction furnace smelting to go out the electrode bar of φ 125 * 1820mm, when alloy smelting, add 0.004% the micro-Mg that accounts for the alloy gross weight simultaneously.
2. the electrode bar surface is utilized equipment polishings such as peeling machine, and the rising head excision of electrode bar head is clean;
3. will polish, go the electrode bar of rising head to utilize the 42#2.5 ton consumable electrode vacuum furnace remelting of our factory to go out the consumable ingot of Φ 170mm;
4. the consumable ingot is carried out homogenizing diffusion annealing and handle, treatment process is seen shown in Figure 1;
5. utilize lathe with Φ 170mm consumable ingot car light to Φ 155mm, to remove defectives such as casting skin and surface crack;
6. scale blanking: it is long that the consumable ingot afterbody behind the car light is cut 20～30mm, and from the blanking of afterbody scale, the specification of blanking is then: Φ 155 * 420mm, the aspect ratio of blank are 2.7.
7. blank is carried out jacket: internal diameter is φ 160mm, wall thickness 8mm, is about the common carbon steel| pipe box of 430mm on blank, and then the steel plate of same steel grade, stack pile, diameter phi 176mm is welded on the both ends of the surface capping of steel pipe, staying diameter on the steel plate of capping simultaneously is the hole of 20mm; The blank good to jacket heats, and heating process is seen shown in Figure 2.Blank is put into stove in furnace temperature during smaller or equal to 700 ℃, begin then to heat up, rising to 900 ± 20 ℃ from 700 ℃ needs 3 hours at least; When furnace temperature reaches 900 ± 20 ℃, keep temperature-resistant, heated at least 1 hour; Next begin to heat up, rising to 1140 ± 10 ℃ from 900 ± 20 ℃ needs 4 hours at least, when temperature reaches 1140 ± 10 ℃, keeps temperature-resistant again, heats at least 3 hours again.Whole heat-processed will be carried out in strict accordance with heating process, will be during intensification at the uniform velocity to heat up, and the furnace temperature deviation is no more than 20 ℃ at most.
8. rammer cake: after the technology heating of blank according to Fig. 2, in body of heater, transfer on the forging press rapidly, one fire is (in alloy this engineering from the blank to the finished product, blank has only heated and once has been a fire, heated and be two fire for twice) high 82mm is arrived in the blank upsetting pressure, make the cylindrical of blank be cydariform as far as possible in rammer cake process, both ends of the surface are smooth as far as possible, final forging temperature 〉=1050 ℃;
9. cooling: forge the back air cooling, and perform mark;
10. machining: the good cake blank condition of surface of upsetting is relatively poor, in order to remove the steel bushing on surface, must carry out mechanical process to the cake blank simultaneously, to foreign round and end face all want car light, the final dimension of Che Guanghou is: Φ 345 * 50mm.
Claims (6)
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102441628A (en) * | 2010-10-11 | 2012-05-09 | 上海腾辉锻造有限公司 | Forging heating method for sealing ring of forge piece |
| CN102886509A (en) * | 2011-07-20 | 2013-01-23 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Production method for extra large/thick ingots |
| CN103170797A (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2013-06-26 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Compound extrusion preparation method of large-diameter high-quality tube blank or annular blank |
| CN103706740A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2014-04-09 | 陕西宏远航空锻造有限责任公司 | Forging method of circular GH105 high-temperature alloy forging |
| CN106424501A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2017-02-22 | 厦门虹鹭钨钼工业有限公司 | Sheath-based difficult-to-deform material multidirectional swaging method |
| CN106694791A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-05-24 | 陕西宏远航空锻造有限责任公司 | Crack control and forming method for large and medium-sized GH141 alloy annular forged piece |
| CN110303109A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2019-10-08 | 西南铝业（集团）有限责任公司 | A kind of high temperature alloy disk forging embryo material |
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2006
- 2006-09-29 CN CNB200610116738XA patent/CN100507043C/en active IP Right Grant
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102441628A (en) * | 2010-10-11 | 2012-05-09 | 上海腾辉锻造有限公司 | Forging heating method for sealing ring of forge piece |
| CN102886509A (en) * | 2011-07-20 | 2013-01-23 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Production method for extra large/thick ingots |
| CN103170797A (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2013-06-26 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Compound extrusion preparation method of large-diameter high-quality tube blank or annular blank |
| CN103170797B (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2015-12-02 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | The Compound Extrusion preparation method of a kind of major diameter high-quality pipe or ring base |
| CN103706740A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2014-04-09 | 陕西宏远航空锻造有限责任公司 | Forging method of circular GH105 high-temperature alloy forging |
| CN103706740B (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2016-06-22 | 陕西宏远航空锻造有限责任公司 | A kind of forging method of annular GH105 high temperature alloy forging |
| CN106424501A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2017-02-22 | 厦门虹鹭钨钼工业有限公司 | Sheath-based difficult-to-deform material multidirectional swaging method |
| CN106694791A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-05-24 | 陕西宏远航空锻造有限责任公司 | Crack control and forming method for large and medium-sized GH141 alloy annular forged piece |
| CN110303109A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2019-10-08 | 西南铝业（集团）有限责任公司 | A kind of high temperature alloy disk forging embryo material |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN100507043C (en) | 2009-07-01 |
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