CN114833284B - GH4145 alloy forging and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
GH4145 alloy forging and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114833284B CN114833284B CN202210329194.4A CN202210329194A CN114833284B CN 114833284 B CN114833284 B CN 114833284B CN 202210329194 A CN202210329194 A CN 202210329194A CN 114833284 B CN114833284 B CN 114833284B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/04—Shaping in the rough solely by forging or pressing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/06—Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/058—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium without Mo and W
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/10—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of nickel or cobalt or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The invention provides a GH4145 alloy forging and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: s1: sectional heating of steel ingot, S2: diffusion annealing, S3: cooling and tempering steel ingots, and S4: cogging steel ingot, S5: heating for the first time, S6: first steel ingot forging, S7: and (2) secondary furnace returning heating, and S8: the GH4145 alloy forging prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of good shaping, strong anti-cracking capability and higher popularization value and commercial value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of alloy production, in particular to a GH4145 alloy forging and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The GH4145 alloy is mainly nickel-based superalloy which is subjected to ageing strengthening by gamma' [ Ni3 (Al, ti and Nb) ] phase, has good corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance below 980 ℃, has good creep resistance below 820 ℃, has high strength below 800 ℃, has high strength below 600 ℃, has good relaxation resistance below 540 ℃, and has good forming property and welding property. Available varieties are plates, strips, bars, forgings, rings, wires and tubes.
However, the GH4145 superalloy contains extremely high alloy elements, which form element segregation when solidified in the electroslag process, so that plasticity is reduced; the content of Al+Ti in the GH4145 superalloy is approximately 4%, the aging strengthening phase formed in the alloy reduces the plasticity of hot working, the deformation resistance is large, the phenomenon of forging cracking is frequently generated, and huge economic loss is caused; and the GH4145 high-temperature alloy has low heat conductivity coefficient and large linear expansion coefficient, and has large temperature gradient of the surface and the core of the steel ingot and large thermal stress in the forging heating process, thereby causing defects.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a preparation method of a GH4145 alloy forging, which aims to solve the problems that in the conventional preparation method, the temperature gradient of the surface and the core of the GH4145 alloy is large in the forging process, the thermal stress is large and defects are easy to cause.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a preparation method of a GH4145 alloy forging, which comprises the following steps:
s1: sectional heating of steel ingot: placing GH4145 nickel-based alloy steel ingot on cast iron and adding into a furnace, heating the steel ingot to 580-620 ℃ in the first stage, and preserving heat, and heating the steel ingot to 880-920 ℃ in the second stage, and preserving heat; and the temperature of the GH4145 nickel-based alloy steel ingot is lower than 300 ℃ before the steel ingot is added into a furnace;
s2: diffusion annealing: heating the steel ingot treated in the step S1 to 1150-1250 ℃ and preserving heat;
s3: cooling and tempering steel ingot: cooling the steel ingot after S2 treatment to 1020-1070 ℃, then returning to 1160-1180 ℃ and preserving heat for a period of time;
s4: cogging of steel ingot: tapping and cogging the steel ingot after the S3 treatment, and controlling the final forging temperature to be higher than 980 ℃;
s5: and (5) primary furnace returning heating: returning the steel ingot treated in the step S4 to the furnace for heating, controlling the temperature of the steel ingot to be increased to 1170 ℃ or above, and preserving heat;
s6: first steel ingot forging: discharging the steel ingot processed in the step S5 to forge;
s7: and (5) secondary furnace returning heating: returning the steel ingot treated in the step S6 to the furnace for heating, controlling the temperature of the steel ingot to be increased to 1170 ℃ or above, and preserving the heat for a period of time;
s8: and forging a steel ingot for the second time: discharging the steel ingot processed in the step S7 to forge;
the GH4145 nickel-based alloy steel ingot comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 14.00-17.00% of Cr, 0.70-1.20% of Nb, 0.40-1.00% of Al, 2.25-2.75% of Ti, 5.00-9.00% of Fe, 0-1.00% of Co, 0-0.50% of Cu, 0-1.00% of Mn, 0-0.50% of Si, 0-0.015% of P, 0-0.01% of S, and the balance of nickel and unavoidable impurities.
In the invention, in the step S1, the GH4145 nickel-based alloy steel ingot is arranged on cast iron, so that the bottom surface and the upper surface of the steel ingot are uniformly heated when heated, the generation of a sunny and sunny surface is effectively prevented, and the heat stress in the steel ingot is reduced by the sectional heating treatment of the steel ingot, and the cracking risk of materials caused by the heat stress can be avoided; in the diffusion annealing treatment of the step S2, the segregation elements in the steel ingot are homogenized through high-temperature diffusion annealing; in addition, carbide in the grain boundary can be dissolved back into grains, so that the deformation resistance of the material is reduced, and the plasticity of the material is increased; through the treatment of the step S3, the steel ingot is subjected to the treatment of low temperature and temperature return, so that the high-temperature strength of the material can be increased, and the surface cracking during cogging during forging can be prevented; through the treatment of cogging the steel ingot in the step S4, the defect of loose center inside the steel ingot is eliminated, so that ferrite is easier to deform in the subsequent treatment of the steel ingot; the plasticity of the high-temperature alloy steel ingot is further improved through the treatment of S5-S8.
As a preferable scheme, the GH4145 nickel-based alloy steel ingot comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 15.50% of Cr, 0.95% of Nb, 0.70% of Al, 2.50% of Ti, 7.00% of Fe, 0.50% of Co, 0.25% of Cu, 0.50% of Mn, 0.25% of Si, 0-0.0075% of P, 0-0.005% of S, and the balance of nickel and unavoidable impurities.
And carrying out heat treatment processing by selecting GH4145 alloy steel ingots with the raw material ratio, and finally obtaining the forging piece which is not easy to crack.
In the step S1, the heating temperature in the first stage is 600 ℃, the heating rate is less than 100 ℃/h, and the heat preservation time is 3 hours; the temperature of the second section heating is 900 ℃, the temperature rising speed is less than 100 ℃/h, and the heat preservation time is 2.5 h.
The temperature rising speed of the two-stage heating is controlled to be less than 100 ℃/hour, so that the temperature difference between the surface and the core of the steel ingot is reduced to the maximum extent, the thermal stress is reduced, and the cracking risk of the material caused by the thermal stress can be avoided.
In a preferable mode, in the step S2, the temperature of the steel ingot is raised at a speed of 150 ℃/hr, the temperature raising time is 2 hours, and the heat preservation time is 20 hours.
The temperature rising speed of the steel ingot is controlled to be 150 ℃/h, and the heat preservation time is controlled to be 20 h, so that segregation elements in the steel ingot can be homogenized to the maximum extent, and the plasticity of the steel ingot is further improved;
in the step S3, the cooling speed of the steel ingot is 40 ℃/h, and the cooling time is 1 h; the temperature returning speed is 55 ℃/h, the temperature returning time is 2 h, the temperature keeping temperature is 1170 ℃, and the temperature keeping time is 5 h.
The cooling speed and the tempering speed of the steel ingot are controlled to be relatively low, so that the high-temperature strength of the surface of the steel ingot can be maximally increased, and the cracking resistance of the steel ingot in the follow-up cogging and forging processes is further ensured.
In a preferred embodiment, in the step S4, the cogging process includes: the four sides of the steel ingot are tapped and rounded, then the steel ingot is flattened in one direction through a heavy hammer, the steel ingot is turned around at the temperature of 1000 ℃, and the other direction of the steel ingot is processed according to the method; and the final forging temperature is 1000-1160 ℃.
The final forging temperature is controlled to be 1000-1160 ℃, the ingot can be subjected to cogging treatment under the condition that the plasticity of the steel ingot is optimal, and the crystal grains on the surface of the steel ingot can be crushed under the condition that the deformation of the surface of the steel ingot is small by carrying out the four-side tapping and rounding treatment on the steel ingot.
Preferably, in both the step S5 and the step S7, the time for heat preservation is 1.5 hours.
Preferably, in the step S6, the forging process includes: after the steel ingot is discharged from the furnace, the steel ingot is flattened in one direction through a heavy hammer, and the deformation of the steel ingot is 20-30%.
The invention aims to solve the other technical problems of low heat conductivity, large linear expansion coefficient and the like of the conventional GH4145 alloy by providing the GH4145 alloy forging.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a GH4145 alloy forging, which is prepared by the preparation method of any one of the above.
Compared with the prior art, the GH4145 alloy forging prepared by the method has strong hot workability and good plasticity, the forging is qualified after ultrasonic flaw detection, the yield of the prepared forging is also improved, the element segregation obtained by the preparation is basically eliminated, the forging blank prepared by the method has uniform grain size which can reach 2-4 levels, and qualified blanks are provided for subsequent finished forging.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a picture of the grain phase of a forging stock of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the present invention will be made clearly and fully, and it is apparent that the embodiments described are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a preparation method of a GH4145 alloy forging, which comprises the following steps:
s1: sectional heating of steel ingot: placing GH4145 nickel-based alloy steel ingot on cast iron and adding into a furnace, heating the steel ingot to 580-620 ℃ in the first stage, and preserving heat, and heating the steel ingot to 880-920 ℃ in the second stage, and preserving heat; and the temperature of the GH4145 nickel-based alloy steel ingot is lower than 300 ℃ before the steel ingot is added into a furnace;
s2: diffusion annealing: heating the steel ingot treated in the step S1 to 1150-1250 ℃ and preserving heat;
s3: cooling and tempering steel ingot: cooling the steel ingot after S2 treatment to 1020-1070 ℃, then returning to 1160-1180 ℃ and preserving heat for a period of time;
s4: cogging of steel ingot: tapping and cogging the steel ingot after the S3 treatment, and controlling the final forging temperature to be higher than 980 ℃;
s5: and (5) primary furnace returning heating: returning the steel ingot treated in the step S4 to the furnace for heating, controlling the temperature of the steel ingot to be increased to 1170 ℃ or above, and preserving heat;
s6: first steel ingot forging: discharging the steel ingot processed in the step S5 to forge;
s7: and (5) secondary furnace returning heating: returning the steel ingot treated in the step S6 to the furnace for heating, controlling the temperature of the steel ingot to be increased to 1170 ℃ or above, and preserving the heat for a period of time;
s8: and forging a steel ingot for the second time: and (3) discharging the steel ingot processed in the step (S7) from the furnace for forging.
In the invention, in the step S1, the GH4145 nickel-based alloy steel ingot is arranged on cast iron, so that the bottom surface and the upper surface of the steel ingot are uniformly heated when heated, the generation of a sunny and sunny surface is effectively prevented, and the heat stress in the steel ingot is reduced by the sectional heating treatment of the steel ingot, and the cracking risk of materials caused by the heat stress can be avoided; in the diffusion annealing treatment of the step S2, the segregation elements in the steel ingot are homogenized through high-temperature diffusion annealing; in addition, carbide in the grain boundary can be dissolved back into grains, so that the deformation resistance of the material is reduced, and the plasticity of the material is increased; through the treatment of the step S3, the steel ingot is subjected to the treatment of low temperature and temperature return, so that the high-temperature strength of the material can be increased, and the surface cracking during cogging during forging can be prevented; through the treatment of cogging the steel ingot in the step S4, the defect of loose center inside the steel ingot is eliminated, so that ferrite is easier to deform in the subsequent treatment of the steel ingot; the plasticity of the high-temperature alloy steel ingot is further improved through the treatment of S5-S8.
Preferably, the GH4145 nickel-based alloy steel ingot comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
| element(s) | Ni | Cr | Nb | Al | Ti | Fe | Co | Cu |
| Max％ | 17.0 | 1.20 | 1.00 | 2.25 | 9.0 | 1.0 | 0.5 | |
| Min％ | 70.0 | 14.0 | 0.70 | 0.40 | 2.75 | 5.0 | ||
| Element(s) | Mn | Si | P | S | ||||
| Max％ | 1.0 | 0.50 | 0.015 | 0.010 | ||||
| Min％ |
And carrying out heat treatment processing by selecting GH4145 alloy steel ingots with the raw material ratio, and finally obtaining the forging piece which is not easy to crack.
In the step S1, the heating temperature in the first stage is 600 ℃, the heating rate is less than 100 ℃/h, and the heat preservation time is 3 hours; the temperature of the second section heating is 900 ℃, the temperature rising speed is less than 100 ℃/h, and the heat preservation time is 2.5 h.
The temperature rising speed of the two-stage heating is controlled to be less than 100 ℃/hour, so that the temperature difference between the surface and the core of the steel ingot is reduced to the maximum extent, the thermal stress is reduced, and the cracking risk of the material caused by the thermal stress can be avoided.
In a preferable mode, in the step S2, the temperature of the steel ingot is raised at a speed of 150 ℃/hr, the temperature raising time is 2 hours, and the heat preservation time is 20 hours.
The temperature rising speed of the steel ingot is controlled to be 150 ℃/h, and the heat preservation time is controlled to be 20 h, so that segregation elements in the steel ingot can be homogenized to the maximum extent, and the plasticity of the steel ingot is further improved;
in the step S3, the cooling speed of the steel ingot is 40 ℃/h, and the cooling time is 1 h; the temperature returning speed is 55 ℃/h, the temperature returning time is 2 h, the temperature keeping temperature is 1170 ℃, and the temperature keeping time is 5 h.
The cooling speed and the tempering speed of the steel ingot are controlled to be relatively low, so that the high-temperature strength of the surface of the steel ingot can be maximally increased, and the cracking resistance of the steel ingot in the follow-up cogging and forging processes is further ensured.
In a preferred embodiment, in the step S4, the cogging process includes: the four sides of the steel ingot are tapped and rounded, then the steel ingot is flattened in one direction through a heavy hammer, the steel ingot is turned around at the temperature of 1000 ℃, and the other direction of the steel ingot is processed according to the method; and the final forging temperature is 1000-1160 ℃.
The final forging temperature is controlled to be 1000-1160 ℃, the ingot can be subjected to cogging treatment under the condition that the plasticity of the steel ingot is optimal, and the crystal grains on the surface of the steel ingot can be crushed under the condition that the deformation of the surface of the steel ingot is small by carrying out the four-side tapping and rounding treatment on the steel ingot.
Preferably, in both the step S5 and the step S7, the time for heat preservation is 1.5 hours.
Preferably, in the step S6, the forging process includes: after the steel ingot is discharged from the furnace, the steel ingot is flattened in one direction through a heavy hammer, and the deformation of the steel ingot is 20-30%.
The invention aims to solve the other technical problems of low heat conductivity, large linear expansion coefficient and the like of the conventional GH4145 alloy by providing the GH4145 alloy forging.
The invention also provides a GH4145 alloy forging, which is prepared by the preparation method of any one of the above.
The above aspects of the invention are explained in detail below by combining specific data:
example 1:
forging of GH4145 alloy forging
S1: sectional heating of steel ingot: placing a GH4145 alloy steel ingot on cast iron with the size of 200mm by 1500mm and adding the steel ingot into a furnace, heating the steel ingot at the speed of 100 ℃ per hour to 580 ℃ and preserving heat for 3 hours in the first stage, heating the steel ingot at the second stage, and heating the steel ingot at the speed of 100 ℃ per hour to 880 ℃ and preserving heat for 2.5 hours;
s2: diffusion annealing: heating the steel ingot treated by the S1 to 1150 ℃ at the speed of 150 ℃/hour and preserving heat for 20 hours;
s3: cooling and tempering steel ingot: cooling the steel ingot after S2 treatment to 1020 ℃, then returning the temperature to 1160 ℃ and preserving the heat for 5 hours;
s4: cogging of steel ingot: tapping and cogging the steel ingot after the treatment of S3, lightly beating and rounding four sides of the steel ingot, then beating the steel ingot in one direction through a heavy hammer, turning around the steel ingot at the temperature of 1000 ℃, and treating the other direction of the steel ingot according to the method; and the final forging temperature is 1000 ℃;
s5: and (5) primary furnace returning heating: returning the steel ingot treated in the step S4 to the furnace for heating, controlling the temperature of the steel ingot to be higher than 1170 ℃ and preserving heat for 1.5 hours;
s6: first steel ingot forging: discharging the steel ingot subjected to the S5 treatment, forging, and flattening the steel ingot in one direction through a heavy hammer, wherein the deformation of the steel ingot is 20%;
s7: and (5) secondary furnace returning heating: returning the steel ingot treated in the step S6 to the furnace for heating, controlling the temperature of the steel ingot to be higher than 1170 ℃ and preserving heat for 1.5 hours;
s8: and forging a steel ingot for the second time: and (3) discharging the steel ingot subjected to the S7 treatment, and forging the steel ingot, so as to obtain the GH4145 alloy forging.
Example 2:
forging of GH4145 alloy forging
S1: sectional heating of steel ingot: placing a GH4145 alloy steel ingot on cast iron with the size of 200mm by 1500mm and adding the steel ingot into a furnace, heating the steel ingot at the speed of 100 ℃ per hour to 620 ℃ and preserving heat for 3 hours in the first stage, heating the steel ingot at the second stage, and heating the steel ingot at the speed of 100 ℃ per hour to 920 ℃ and preserving heat for 2.5 hours;
s2: diffusion annealing: heating the steel ingot treated by the S1 to 1250 ℃ at a speed of 150 ℃/hour and preserving heat for 20 hours;
s3: cooling and tempering steel ingot: cooling the steel ingot after S2 treatment to 1070 ℃, then returning to 1180 ℃ and preserving heat for 5 hours;
s4: cogging of steel ingot: tapping and cogging the steel ingot after the treatment of S3, lightly beating and rounding four sides of the steel ingot, then beating the steel ingot in one direction through a heavy hammer, turning around the steel ingot at the temperature of 1170 ℃, and treating the other direction of the steel ingot according to the method; and the final forging temperature is 1160 ℃;
s5: and (5) primary furnace returning heating: returning the steel ingot treated in the step S4 to the furnace for heating, controlling the temperature of the steel ingot to be higher than 1170 ℃ and preserving heat for 1.5 hours;
s6: first steel ingot forging: discharging the steel ingot subjected to the treatment of S5, forging, discharging the steel ingot, and flattening the steel ingot in one direction through a heavy hammer, wherein the deformation of the steel ingot is 30%;
s7: and (5) secondary furnace returning heating: returning the steel ingot treated in the step S6 to the furnace for heating, controlling the temperature of the steel ingot to be higher than 1170 ℃ and preserving heat for 1.5 hours;
s8: and forging a steel ingot for the second time: and (3) discharging the steel ingot subjected to the S7 treatment, and forging to obtain the GH4145 alloy forging.
Example 3:
forging of GH4145 alloy forging
S1: sectional heating of steel ingot: placing a GH4145 alloy steel ingot on cast iron with the size of 200mm by 1500mm and adding the steel ingot into a furnace, heating the steel ingot at the speed of 100 ℃ per hour to 600 ℃ and preserving heat for 3 hours in the first stage, heating the steel ingot at the speed of 100 ℃ per hour in the second stage, and heating the steel ingot at the speed of 100 ℃ per hour to 900 ℃ and preserving heat for 2.5 hours;
s2: diffusion annealing: heating the steel ingot treated by the S1 at the speed of 150 ℃/hour for 2 hours to 1200 ℃ and preserving heat for 20 hours;
s3: cooling and tempering steel ingot: cooling the steel ingot after S2 treatment to 1050 ℃, then returning the temperature to 1170 ℃ and preserving the temperature for 5 hours;
s4: cogging of steel ingot: tapping and cogging the steel ingot after the treatment of S3, lightly beating and rounding four sides of the steel ingot, then beating the steel ingot in one direction through a heavy hammer, turning around the steel ingot at the temperature of 1000 ℃, and treating the other direction of the steel ingot according to the method; and the final forging temperature is 1000 ℃;
s5: and (5) primary furnace returning heating: returning the steel ingot treated in the step S4 to the furnace for heating, controlling the temperature of the steel ingot to be higher than 1170 ℃ and preserving heat;
s6: first steel ingot forging: discharging the steel ingot subjected to the treatment of S5, forging, discharging the steel ingot, and flattening the steel ingot in one direction through a heavy hammer, wherein the deformation of the steel ingot is 25%;
s7: and (5) secondary furnace returning heating: returning the steel ingot treated in the step S6 to the furnace for heating, controlling the temperature of the steel ingot to be higher than 1170 ℃ and preserving heat for a period of time;
s8: and forging a steel ingot for the second time: and (3) discharging the steel ingot subjected to the S7 treatment, and forging to obtain the GH4145 alloy forging.
Example 4:
GH4145 alloy forging (300 mm. Times.300 mm. Times.2000 mm):
in this embodiment, the rectangular structure of the GH4145 alloy forging is prepared, and specifically includes the following steps:
s1: sectional heating of steel ingot: placing a GH4145 alloy steel ingot on cast iron with the size of 250mm and 1000mm, adding the cast iron into a furnace, heating the steel ingot at the speed of 100 ℃ per hour to 600 ℃ for 3 hours, heating the steel ingot at the second stage, and heating the steel ingot at the speed of 100 ℃ per hour to 900 ℃ for 2.5 hours;
s2: diffusion annealing: heating the steel ingot treated by the S1 to 1200 ℃ at the speed of 150 ℃/hour and preserving heat for 20 hours;
s3: cooling and tempering steel ingot: cooling the steel ingot after S2 treatment to 1050 ℃, then returning the temperature to 1170 ℃ and preserving the temperature for 5 hours;
s4: cogging of steel ingot: tapping and cogging the steel ingot after the treatment of S3, carrying out light-shot rolling on four sides of the steel ingot, then carrying out one-way beating on the steel ingot through a heavy hammer, forging the steel ingot into a cuboid structure with the specification of 420mm 48mm 0mm Lmm, turning around the steel ingot at the temperature of 1000 ℃, and treating the other direction of the steel ingot according to the method; and the final forging temperature is 1000 ℃;
s5: and (5) primary furnace returning heating: returning the steel ingot treated in the step S4 to the furnace for heating, controlling the temperature of the steel ingot to be higher than 1170 ℃ and preserving heat;
s6: first steel ingot forging: discharging the steel ingot subjected to the treatment of S5, forging, discharging the steel ingot, flattening the steel ingot in one direction through a heavy hammer, wherein the deformation of the steel ingot is 25%, and further forging the steel ingot into a cuboid structure with the specification of 280mm 420mm Lmm;
s7: and (5) secondary furnace returning heating: returning the steel ingot treated in the step S6 to the furnace for heating, controlling the temperature of the steel ingot to be higher than 1170 ℃ and preserving heat for a period of time;
s8: and forging a steel ingot for the second time: and (3) discharging the steel ingot subjected to the treatment of S7, forging the steel ingot into a cuboid structure with 250mm and 2000mm, and carrying out furnace air cooling treatment to obtain a GH4145 alloy forging with 300mm and 2000 mm.
Example 5: forging of GH4145 alloy round bar forging with diameter of 280mm
In the embodiment, the GH4145 alloy round bar forging with the diameter of 280mm is prepared, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: sectional heating of steel ingot: placing a GH4145 alloy steel ingot on cast iron with the size of 250mm and 1000mm, adding the cast iron into a furnace, heating the steel ingot at the speed of 100 ℃ per hour to 600 ℃ for 3 hours, heating the steel ingot at the second stage, and heating the steel ingot at the speed of 100 ℃ per hour to 900 ℃ for 2.5 hours;
s2: diffusion annealing: heating the steel ingot treated by the S1 to 1200 ℃ at the speed of 150 ℃/hour and preserving heat for 20 hours;
s3: cooling and tempering steel ingot: cooling the steel ingot after S2 treatment to 1050 ℃, then returning the temperature to 1170 ℃ and preserving the temperature for 5 hours;
s4: cogging of steel ingot: tapping and cogging the steel ingot after the treatment of S3, carrying out light-shot rolling on four sides of the steel ingot, then carrying out one-way beating on the steel ingot through a heavy hammer, turning around the steel ingot at the temperature of 1000 ℃, treating the other direction of the steel ingot according to the method, and forging long split steel ingot with the specification of 420mm x 480mm x Lmm; and the final forging temperature is 1000 ℃;
s5: and (5) primary furnace returning heating: returning the steel ingot treated in the step S4 to the furnace for heating, controlling the temperature of the steel ingot to be higher than 1170 ℃ and preserving heat;
s6: first steel ingot forging: discharging the steel ingot subjected to the treatment of S5, forging, discharging the steel ingot, and flattening the steel ingot in a unidirectional manner through a heavy hammer, wherein the deformation of the steel ingot is 25%, and the steel ingot is a cuboid steel ingot with forging specification of 280mm x Lmm;
s7: and (5) secondary furnace returning heating: returning the steel ingot treated in the step S6 to the furnace for heating, controlling the temperature of the steel ingot to be higher than 1170 ℃ and preserving heat for a period of time;
s8: and forging a steel ingot for the second time: and (3) discharging the steel ingot subjected to the S7 treatment, forging the steel ingot to obtain a round bar with the diameter of 280mm, and obtaining the GH4145 alloy forging.
The GH4145 alloy forgings of examples 1-5 are detected by ultrasonic flaw detection of the forgings, the forgings of examples 1-5 are all qualified, the grain phase picture of the forging stock of example 1 is shown in figure 1, and through metallographic analysis, dendrite disappearance, no carbide and element segregation in the forgings of examples 1-5 are basically eliminated.
Although the present disclosure is described above, the scope of protection of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure, and these changes and modifications will fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The preparation method of the GH4145 alloy forging is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: sectional heating of steel ingot: placing GH4145 nickel-based alloy steel ingot on cast iron and adding into a furnace, heating the steel ingot to 580-620 ℃ in the first stage, and preserving heat, and heating the steel ingot to 880-920 ℃ in the second stage, and preserving heat; and the temperature of the GH4145 nickel-based alloy steel ingot is lower than 300 ℃ before the steel ingot is added into a furnace;
s2: diffusion annealing: heating the steel ingot treated in the step S1 to 1150-1250 ℃ and preserving heat;
s3: cooling and tempering steel ingot: cooling the steel ingot after S2 treatment to 1020-1070 ℃, then returning to 1160-1180 ℃ and preserving heat for a period of time;
s4: cogging of steel ingot: tapping and cogging the steel ingot processed in the step S3, and controlling the final forging temperature to be 1000-1160 ℃;
s5: and (5) primary furnace returning heating: returning the steel ingot treated in the step S4 to the furnace for heating, controlling the temperature of the steel ingot to be increased to 1170 ℃ or above, and preserving heat;
s6: first steel ingot forging: discharging the steel ingot processed in the step S5 to forge;
s7: and (5) secondary furnace returning heating: returning the steel ingot treated in the step S6 to the furnace for heating, controlling the temperature of the steel ingot to be increased to 1170 ℃ or above, and preserving the heat for a period of time;
s8: and forging a steel ingot for the second time: discharging the steel ingot processed in the step S7 to forge;
the GH4145 nickel-based alloy steel ingot comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 14.00-17.00% of Cr, 0.70-1.20% of Nb, 0.40-1.00% of Al, 2.25-2.75% of Ti, 5.00-9.00% of Fe, 0-1.00% of Co, 0-0.50% of Cu, 0-1.00% of Mn, 0-0.50% of Si, 0-0.015% of P, 0-0.01% of S, and the balance of nickel and unavoidable impurities;
in the step S2, the temperature rising speed of the steel ingot is 150 ℃/h, the temperature rising time is 2 hours, and the heat preservation time is 20 hours;
in the step S3, the cooling speed of the steel ingot is 40 ℃/h, and the cooling time is 1 h; the temperature returning speed is 55 ℃/h, and the temperature returning time is 2 h;
in the step S4, the cogging process includes: the four sides of the steel ingot are tapped and rounded, then the steel ingot is flattened in one direction through a heavy hammer, the steel ingot is turned around at the temperature of 1000 ℃, and the other direction of the steel ingot is processed according to the method.
2. The method for preparing a GH4145 alloy forging according to claim 1, wherein the GH4145 nickel-based alloy steel ingot comprises the following raw materials in mass fraction: 15.50% of Cr, 0.95% of Nb, 0.70% of Al, 2.50% of Ti, 7.00% of Fe, 0.50% of Co, 0.25% of Cu, 0.50% of Mn, 0.25% of Si, 0-0.0075% of P, 0-0.005% of S, and the balance of nickel and unavoidable impurities.
3. The method for producing a GH4145 alloy forging according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the temperature of the first heating stage is 600 ℃, the temperature rising rate is less than 100 ℃/hr, and the holding time is 3 hours; the temperature of the second section heating is 900 ℃, the temperature rising speed is less than 100 ℃/h, and the heat preservation time is 2.5 h.
4. The method of producing a GH4145 alloy forging according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the temperature of the heat preservation is 1170 ℃, and the time of the heat preservation is 5 hours.
5. The method for preparing a GH4145 alloy forging according to claim 1, wherein the heat preservation time in both step S5 and step S7 is 1.5 hours.
6. The method of producing a GH4145 alloy forging according to claim 1, wherein in step S6, the forging process comprises: after the steel ingot is discharged from the furnace, the steel ingot is flattened in one direction through a heavy hammer, and the deformation of the steel ingot is 20-30%.
7. A GH4145 alloy forging, wherein said forging is produced by the method of any one of claims 1-6.
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