CN114682718B - HB-2 alloy forging and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
HB-2 alloy forging and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114682718B CN114682718B CN202210329167.7A CN202210329167A CN114682718B CN 114682718 B CN114682718 B CN 114682718B CN 202210329167 A CN202210329167 A CN 202210329167A CN 114682718 B CN114682718 B CN 114682718B
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- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 243
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 243
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008642 heat stress Effects 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- DDTIGTPWGISMKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Mo] DDTIGTPWGISMKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910003296 Ni-Mo Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001182 Mo alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910000856 hastalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/06—Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/04—Shaping in the rough solely by forging or pressing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/10—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of nickel or cobalt or alloys based thereon
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention provides an HB-2 alloy forging and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: s1: sectional heating of steel ingot, S2: diffusion annealing, S3: cooling and tempering steel ingots, and S4: cogging steel ingot, S5: heating for the first time, S6: first steel ingot forging, S7: and (2) secondary furnace returning heating, and S8: the HB-2 alloy forging prepared by the preparation method has good shaping and strong anti-cracking capability, and has higher popularization value and commercial value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal processing, in particular to an HB-2 alloy forging and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The HB-2 alloy, which is a Ni-Mo alloy having extremely low carbon content and silicon content, is fully called Hastelloy B2 alloy, which reduces precipitation of carbides and other phases in weld joints and heat affected zones, thereby ensuring good corrosion resistance even in the welded state, and the HB-2 alloy, which is a Ni-Mo alloy having extremely low carbon content and silicon content, is used as a nickel-molybdenum alloy. HB-2 alloys have wide application in the fields of chemistry, petrochemistry, energy manufacturing and pollution control, particularly in the industries of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, acetic acid, and the like.
The HB-2 alloy has extremely low carbon and silicon content and has the following excellent properties in various media: excellent corrosion resistance in reducing environments, such as hydrochloric acid solutions of various temperatures and concentrations; excellent resistance to moderate sulfuric acid and many non-oxidizing acids; excellent resistance to chloride ion reduction stress corrosion cracking; and excellent resistance to various organic acids, however, HB-2 alloy contains Mo of extremely high content, which forms element segregation when solidifying in the electroslag process, resulting in plastic degradation, and HB-2 corrosion resistant alloy has large deformation resistance, and often has forging cracking phenomenon, resulting in huge economic loss; and HB-2 corrosion resistant alloy has low heat conductivity coefficient and large linear expansion coefficient, and has large temperature gradient of the surface and the core of the steel ingot and large thermal stress in the forging heating process, thereby causing defects.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a preparation method of an HB-2 alloy forging, which aims to solve the problems of large surface and core temperature gradient, large thermal stress and easiness in defect generation in the manufacturing process of the HB-2 alloy forging.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a preparation method of an HB-2 alloy forging, which comprises the following steps:
s1: sectional heating of steel ingot: placing HB-2 alloy steel ingot on cast iron and adding into a furnace, heating the first section, heating the steel ingot to 570-610 ℃ and preserving heat, and heating the second section, heating the steel ingot to 870-910 ℃ and preserving heat;
s2: diffusion annealing: heating the steel ingot treated by the S1 to 1160-1240 ℃ and preserving heat;
s3: cooling and tempering steel ingot: cooling the steel ingot after S2 treatment to 1040-1060 ℃, then returning to 1130-1150 ℃ and preserving heat for a period of time;
s4: cogging of steel ingot: tapping and cogging the steel ingot after the S3 treatment, and controlling the final forging temperature to be higher than 980 ℃;
s5: and (5) primary furnace returning heating: returning the steel ingot treated in the step S4 to the furnace for heating, controlling the temperature of the steel ingot to be increased to 1150 ℃ or above, and preserving heat;
s6: first steel ingot forging: discharging the steel ingot processed in the step S5 to forge;
s7: and (5) secondary furnace returning heating: returning the steel ingot treated in the step S6 to the furnace for heating, controlling the temperature of the steel ingot to be higher than 1170 ℃ and preserving heat for a period of time;
s8: and forging a steel ingot for the second time: discharging the steel ingot processed in the step S7 to forge;
the HB-2 alloy steel ingot comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 26.00-30.00% of Mo, 0-1.00% of Cr, 0-2.00% of Fe, 0-1.00% of Mn, 0-0.10% of Si, 0-0.02% of C, 0-1.00% of Co, 0-0.04% of P, 0-0.03% of S and the balance of nickel and unavoidable impurities.
In the invention, in the step S1, the HB-2 alloy steel ingot is arranged on cast iron, so that the bottom surface and the upper surface of the steel ingot are uniformly heated when heated, the generation of a sunny and shady surface is effectively prevented, and the heat stress in the steel ingot is reduced by the sectional heating treatment of the steel ingot, so that the cracking risk of materials caused by the heat stress can be avoided; in the diffusion annealing treatment of the step S2, the segregation elements in the steel ingot are homogenized through high-temperature diffusion annealing; in addition, carbide in the grain boundary can be dissolved back into grains, so that the deformation resistance of the material is reduced, and the plasticity of the material is increased; through the treatment of the step S3, the steel ingot is subjected to the treatment of low temperature and temperature return, so that the high-temperature strength of the material can be increased, and the surface cracking during cogging during forging can be prevented; through the treatment of cogging the steel ingot in the step S4, the defect of loose center inside the steel ingot is eliminated, so that ferrite is easier to deform in the subsequent treatment of the steel ingot; the plasticity of the high-temperature alloy steel ingot is further improved through the treatment of S5-S8.
As a preferable scheme, the HB-2 alloy steel ingot comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 28.00% of Mo, 0.50% of Cr, 1.00% of Fe, 0.50% of Mn, 0.05% of Si, 0.01% of C, 0.50% of Co, 0.02% of P, 0.015% of S, and the balance of nickel and unavoidable impurities.
And (3) performing heat treatment processing by selecting the HB-2 alloy steel ingot with the raw material ratio, and finally obtaining the forging piece which is not easy to crack.
In the step S1, the heating temperature in the first stage is 600 ℃, the heating rate is less than 100 ℃/h, and the heat preservation time is 3 hours; the temperature of the second section heating is 900 ℃, the temperature rising speed is less than 100 ℃/h, and the heat preservation time is 2.5 h.
The temperature rising speed of the two-stage heating is controlled to be less than 100 ℃/hour, so that the temperature difference between the surface and the core of the steel ingot is reduced to the maximum extent, the thermal stress is reduced, and the cracking risk of the material caused by the thermal stress can be avoided.
In a preferable mode, in the step S2, the temperature of the steel ingot is raised at a speed of 150 ℃/hr, the temperature raising time is 2 hours, and the heat preservation time is 20 hours.
The temperature rising speed of the steel ingot is controlled to be 150 ℃/h, and the heat preservation time is controlled to be 20 h, so that segregation elements in the steel ingot can be homogenized to the maximum extent, and the plasticity of the steel ingot is further improved;
in the step S3, the cooling speed of the steel ingot is 50 ℃/h, and the cooling time is 3 hours; the temperature returning speed is 50 ℃/h, the temperature returning time is 2 h, the temperature keeping temperature is 1150 ℃, and the temperature keeping time is 5 h.
The cooling speed and the tempering speed of the steel ingot are controlled to be relatively low, so that the high-temperature strength of the surface of the steel ingot can be maximally increased, and the cracking resistance of the steel ingot in the follow-up cogging and forging processes is further ensured.
In a preferred embodiment, in the step S4, the cogging process includes: the four sides of the steel ingot are tapped and rounded, then the steel ingot is flattened in one direction through a heavy hammer, the steel ingot is turned around at the temperature of 1000 ℃, and the other direction of the steel ingot is processed according to the method; and the final forging temperature is 1000-1150 ℃.
The final forging temperature is controlled to be 1000-1150 ℃, the cogging treatment can be carried out under the condition that the plasticity of the steel ingot is optimal, and the crystal grains on the surface of the steel ingot can be crushed under the condition that the deformation of the surface of the steel ingot is small by carrying out the four-side tapping and rounding treatment on the steel ingot.
Preferably, in both the step S5 and the step S7, the time for heat preservation is 1.5 hours.
Preferably, in the step S6, the forging process includes: after the steel ingot is discharged from the furnace, the steel ingot is flattened in one direction through a heavy hammer, and the deformation of the steel ingot is 20-30%.
The invention aims to solve the other technical problems of low heat conductivity, large linear expansion coefficient and the like of the conventional HB-2 alloy by providing the HB-2 alloy forging.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an HB-2 alloy forging, which is prepared by the preparation method of any one of the above.
Compared with the prior art, the HB-2 alloy forging prepared by the method has strong hot workability and good plasticity, the forging is qualified after ultrasonic flaw detection, the yield of the prepared forging is also improved, the element segregation obtained by the preparation is basically eliminated, the forging blank prepared by the method has uniform grain size which can reach 2-4 levels, and qualified blanks are provided for subsequent finished forging.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a picture of the grain phase of a forging stock of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the present invention will be made clearly and fully, and it is apparent that the embodiments described are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of an HB-2 alloy forging, which comprises the following steps:
s1: sectional heating of steel ingot: placing HB-2 alloy steel ingot on cast iron and adding into a furnace, heating the first section, heating the steel ingot to 570-610 ℃ and preserving heat, and heating the second section, heating the steel ingot to 870-910 ℃ and preserving heat;
s2: diffusion annealing: heating the steel ingot treated by the S1 to 1160-1240 ℃ and preserving heat;
s3: cooling and tempering steel ingot: cooling the steel ingot after S2 treatment to 1040-1060 ℃, then returning to 1130-1150 ℃ and preserving heat for a period of time;
s4: cogging of steel ingot: tapping and cogging the steel ingot after the S3 treatment, and controlling the final forging temperature to be higher than 980 ℃;
s5: and (5) primary furnace returning heating: returning the steel ingot treated in the step S4 to the furnace for heating, controlling the temperature of the steel ingot to be increased to 1150 ℃ or above, and preserving heat;
s6: first steel ingot forging: discharging the steel ingot processed in the step S5 to forge;
s7: and (5) secondary furnace returning heating: returning the steel ingot treated in the step S6 to the furnace for heating, controlling the temperature of the steel ingot to be higher than 1170 ℃ and preserving heat for a period of time;
s8: and forging a steel ingot for the second time: discharging the steel ingot processed in the step S7 to forge;
the HB-2 alloy steel ingot comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 26.00-30.00% of Mo, 0-1.00% of Cr, 0-2.00% of Fe, 0-1.00% of Mn, 0-0.10% of Si, 0-0.02% of C, 0-1.00% of Co, 0-0.04% of P, 0-0.03% of S and the balance of nickel and unavoidable impurities.
In the invention, in the step S1, the HB-2 alloy steel ingot is arranged on cast iron, so that the bottom surface and the upper surface of the steel ingot are uniformly heated when heated, the generation of a sunny and shady surface is effectively prevented, and the heat stress in the steel ingot is reduced by the sectional heating treatment of the steel ingot, so that the cracking risk of materials caused by the heat stress can be avoided; in the diffusion annealing treatment of the step S2, the segregation elements in the steel ingot are homogenized through high-temperature diffusion annealing; in addition, carbide in the grain boundary can be dissolved back into grains, so that the deformation resistance of the material is reduced, and the plasticity of the material is increased; through the treatment of the step S3, the steel ingot is subjected to the treatment of low temperature and temperature return, so that the high-temperature strength of the material can be increased, and the surface cracking during cogging during forging can be prevented; through the treatment of cogging the steel ingot in the step S4, the defect of loose center inside the steel ingot is eliminated, so that ferrite is easier to deform in the subsequent treatment of the steel ingot; the plasticity of the high-temperature alloy steel ingot is further improved through the treatment of S5-S8.
As a preferable scheme, the HB-2 alloy steel ingot comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
| element(s) | Ni | Mo | Cr | Fe | Mn | Si | C | Co |
| Max％ | 30.0 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 1.0 | 0.1 | 0.02 | 1.0 | |
| Min％ | Remainder | 26.0 | ||||||
| Element(s) | P | S | ||||||
| Max％ | 0.04 | 0.03 | ||||||
| Min％ |
And (3) performing heat treatment processing by selecting the HB-2 alloy steel ingot with the raw material ratio, and finally obtaining the forging piece which is not easy to crack.
In the step S1, the heating temperature in the first stage is 600 ℃, the heating rate is less than 100 ℃/h, and the heat preservation time is 3 hours; the temperature of the second section heating is 900 ℃, the temperature rising speed is less than 100 ℃/h, and the heat preservation time is 2.5 h.
The temperature rising speed of the two-stage heating is controlled to be less than 100 ℃/hour, so that the temperature difference between the surface and the core of the steel ingot is reduced to the maximum extent, the thermal stress is reduced, and the cracking risk of the material caused by the thermal stress can be avoided.
In a preferable mode, in the step S2, the temperature of the steel ingot is raised at a speed of 150 ℃/hr, the temperature raising time is 2 hours, and the heat preservation time is 20 hours.
The temperature rising speed of the steel ingot is controlled to be 150 ℃/h, and the heat preservation time is controlled to be 20 h, so that segregation elements in the steel ingot can be homogenized to the maximum extent, and the plasticity of the steel ingot is further improved.
In the step S3, the cooling speed of the steel ingot is 50 ℃/h, and the cooling time is 3 hours; the temperature returning speed is 50 ℃/h, the temperature returning time is 2 h, the temperature keeping temperature is 1150 ℃, and the temperature keeping time is 5 h.
The cooling speed and the tempering speed of the steel ingot are controlled to be relatively low, so that the high-temperature strength of the surface of the steel ingot can be maximally increased, and the cracking resistance of the steel ingot in the follow-up cogging and forging processes is further ensured.
In a preferred embodiment, in the step S4, the cogging process includes: the four sides of the steel ingot are tapped and rounded, then the steel ingot is flattened in one direction through a heavy hammer, the steel ingot is turned around at the temperature of 1000 ℃, and the other direction of the steel ingot is processed according to the method; and the final forging temperature is 1000-1150 ℃.
The final forging temperature is controlled to be 1000-1150 ℃, the cogging treatment can be carried out under the condition that the plasticity of the steel ingot is optimal, and the crystal grains on the surface of the steel ingot can be crushed under the condition that the deformation of the surface of the steel ingot is small by carrying out the four-side tapping and rounding treatment on the steel ingot.
Preferably, in both the step S5 and the step S7, the time for heat preservation is 1.5 hours.
Preferably, in the step S6, the forging process includes: after the steel ingot is discharged from the furnace, the steel ingot is flattened in one direction through a heavy hammer, and the deformation of the steel ingot is 20-30%.
The invention provides an HB-2 alloy forging, which solves the problems of low heat conductivity coefficient, large linear expansion coefficient and the like of the conventional HB-2 alloy, and is prepared by the preparation method of any one of the above.
The above aspects of the invention are explained in detail below by combining specific data:
example 1:
forging of HB-2 alloy forgings
S1: sectional heating of steel ingot: placing HB-2 alloy steel ingot on cast iron with the size of 200mm by 1500mm and adding the cast iron into a furnace, heating the steel ingot to 570 ℃ at the speed of 100 ℃/hour and preserving heat for 3 hours in the first stage, heating the steel ingot to 870 ℃ at the speed of 100 ℃/hour in the second stage and preserving heat for 2.5 hours;
s2: diffusion annealing: heating the steel ingot treated by the S1 to 1160 ℃ at a speed of 150 ℃/hour and preserving heat for 20 hours;
s3: cooling and tempering steel ingot: cooling the steel ingot after S2 treatment to 1040 ℃, then returning to 1130 ℃ and preserving heat for 5 hours;
s4: cogging of steel ingot: tapping and cogging the steel ingot after the treatment of S3, lightly beating and rounding four sides of the steel ingot, then beating the steel ingot in one direction through a heavy hammer, turning around the steel ingot at the temperature of 1000 ℃, and treating the other direction of the steel ingot according to the method; and the final forging temperature is 981 ℃;
s5: and (5) primary furnace returning heating: returning the steel ingot treated in the step S4 to the furnace for heating, controlling the temperature of the steel ingot to be increased to more than 1150 ℃ and preserving heat;
s6: first steel ingot forging: discharging the steel ingot subjected to the S5 treatment, forging, and flattening the steel ingot in one direction through a heavy hammer, wherein the deformation of the steel ingot is 20%;
s7: and (5) secondary furnace returning heating: returning the steel ingot treated in the step S6 to the furnace for heating, controlling the temperature of the steel ingot to be higher than 1170 ℃ and preserving heat for a period of time;
s8: and forging a steel ingot for the second time: and (3) discharging the steel ingot subjected to the S7 treatment, forging, and discharging the steel ingot to obtain the HB-2 alloy forging.
Example 2:
forging of HB-2 alloy forgings
S1: sectional heating of steel ingot: placing HB-2 alloy steel ingot on cast iron with the size of 200mm by 1500mm and adding the cast iron into a furnace, heating the steel ingot to 610 ℃ at the speed of 100 ℃/hour and preserving heat for 3 hours in the first stage, heating the steel ingot to 910 ℃ at the speed of 100 ℃/hour and preserving heat for 2.5 hours in the second stage;
s2: diffusion annealing: heating the steel ingot treated by the S1 to 1240 ℃ at a speed of 150 ℃/hour and preserving heat for 20 hours;
s3: cooling and tempering steel ingot: cooling the steel ingot after S2 treatment to 1060 ℃, then returning to 1150 ℃ and preserving heat for 5 hours;
s4: cogging of steel ingot: tapping and cogging the steel ingot after the treatment of S3, lightly beating and rounding four sides of the steel ingot, then beating the steel ingot in one direction through a heavy hammer, turning around the steel ingot at the temperature of 1170 ℃, and treating the other direction of the steel ingot according to the method; and the final forging temperature is 1150 ℃;
s5: and (5) primary furnace returning heating: returning the steel ingot treated in the step S4 to the furnace for heating, controlling the temperature of the steel ingot to be increased to more than 1150 ℃ and preserving heat;
s6: first steel ingot forging: discharging the steel ingot subjected to the treatment of S5, forging, discharging the steel ingot, and flattening the steel ingot in one direction through a heavy hammer, wherein the deformation of the steel ingot is 30%;
s7: and (5) secondary furnace returning heating: returning the steel ingot treated in the step S6 to the furnace for heating, controlling the temperature of the steel ingot to be higher than 1170 ℃ and preserving heat for a period of time;
s8: and forging a steel ingot for the second time: and (3) discharging the steel ingot subjected to the S7 treatment, and forging to obtain the HB-2 alloy forging.
Example 3:
forging of HB-2 alloy forgings
S1: sectional heating of steel ingot: placing HB-2 alloy steel ingot on cast iron with the size of 200mm by 1500mm and adding the cast iron into a furnace, heating the steel ingot to 600 ℃ at the speed of 100 ℃/hour for 3 hours in the first stage, heating the steel ingot to 900 ℃ at the speed of 100 ℃/hour in the second stage, and preserving the heat for 2.5 hours;
s2: diffusion annealing: heating the steel ingot treated by the S1 to 1200 ℃ at the speed of 150 ℃/hour and preserving heat for 20 hours;
s3: cooling and tempering steel ingot: cooling the steel ingot after S2 treatment to 1050 ℃, then returning to 1150 ℃ and preserving heat for 5 hours;
s4: cogging of steel ingot: tapping and cogging the steel ingot after the treatment of S3, lightly beating and rounding four sides of the steel ingot, then beating the steel ingot in one direction through a heavy hammer, turning around the steel ingot at the temperature of 1000 ℃, and treating the other direction of the steel ingot according to the method; and the final forging temperature is 1000 ℃;
s5: and (5) primary furnace returning heating: returning the steel ingot treated in the step S4 to the furnace for heating, controlling the temperature of the steel ingot to be increased to more than 1150 ℃ and preserving heat;
s6: first steel ingot forging: discharging the steel ingot subjected to the treatment of S5, forging, discharging the steel ingot, and flattening the steel ingot in one direction through a heavy hammer, wherein the deformation of the steel ingot is 25%;
s7: and (5) secondary furnace returning heating: returning the steel ingot treated in the step S6 to the furnace for heating, controlling the temperature of the steel ingot to be increased to more than 1150 ℃ and preserving heat for a period of time;
s8: and forging a steel ingot for the second time: and (3) discharging the steel ingot subjected to the S7 treatment, and forging to obtain the HB-2 alloy forging.
Example 4:
HB-2 alloy forging (250 mm. Times.300 mm. Times.2000 mm):
in the embodiment, the prepared cuboid structure of the HB-2 alloy forging comprises the following steps:
s1: sectional heating of steel ingot: placing a HB-2 alloy steel ingot with the diameter of 480mm on cast iron with the size of 250mm and 1000mm, adding the cast iron into a furnace, heating the steel ingot at the speed of 100 ℃ per hour to 600 ℃ and preserving heat for 3 hours in the first stage, heating the steel ingot at the second stage, and heating the steel ingot at the speed of 100 ℃ per hour to 900 ℃ and preserving heat for 2.5 hours;
s2: diffusion annealing: heating the steel ingot treated by the S1 to 1200 ℃ at the speed of 150 ℃/hour and preserving heat for 20 hours;
s3: cooling and tempering steel ingot: cooling the steel ingot after S2 treatment to 1050 ℃, then returning to 1150 ℃ and preserving heat for 5 hours;
s4: cogging of steel ingot: tapping and cogging the steel ingot after the treatment of S3, carrying out light-shot rolling on four sides of the steel ingot, then carrying out one-way beating on the steel ingot through a heavy hammer, forging the steel ingot into a cuboid structure with the specification of 420mm x 480mm x Lmm, turning around the steel ingot at the temperature of 1000 ℃, and treating the other direction of the steel ingot according to the method; and the final forging temperature is 1000 ℃;
s5: and (5) primary furnace returning heating: returning the steel ingot treated in the step S4 to the furnace for heating, controlling the temperature of the steel ingot to be increased to more than 1150 ℃ and preserving heat;
s6: first steel ingot forging: discharging the steel ingot subjected to the treatment of S5, forging, discharging the steel ingot, flattening the steel ingot in one direction through a heavy hammer, wherein the deformation of the steel ingot is 25%, and further forging the steel ingot into a cuboid structure with the specification of 200mm 420mm Lmm;
s7: and (5) secondary furnace returning heating: returning the steel ingot treated in the step S6 to the furnace for heating, controlling the temperature of the steel ingot to be increased to more than 1150 ℃ and preserving heat for a period of time;
s8: and forging a steel ingot for the second time: and (3) discharging the steel ingot subjected to the S7 treatment, forging the steel ingot into a cuboid structure with the thickness of 200mm being 300mm being 2000mm, and carrying out furnace air cooling treatment along with the steel ingot to obtain the HB-2 alloy forging with the thickness of 200mm being 300mm being 2000 mm.
Example 5: forging of HB-2 alloy round bar forging with diameter of 280mm
In the embodiment, the HB-2 alloy round bar forging with the diameter of 280mm is prepared, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: sectional heating of steel ingot: placing a HB-2 alloy steel ingot with the diameter of 480mm on cast iron with the size of 250mm and 1000mm, adding the cast iron into a furnace, heating the steel ingot at the speed of 100 ℃ per hour to 600 ℃ and preserving heat for 3 hours in the first stage, heating the steel ingot at the second stage, and heating the steel ingot at the speed of 100 ℃ per hour to 900 ℃ and preserving heat for 2.5 hours;
s2: diffusion annealing: heating the steel ingot treated by the S1 to 1200 ℃ at the speed of 150 ℃/hour and preserving heat for 20 hours;
s3: cooling and tempering steel ingot: cooling the steel ingot after S2 treatment to 1050 ℃, then returning to 1150 ℃ and preserving heat for 5 hours;
s4: cogging of steel ingot: tapping and cogging the steel ingot after the treatment of S3, carrying out light-shot rolling on four sides of the steel ingot, then carrying out one-way beating on the steel ingot through a heavy hammer, turning around the steel ingot at the temperature of 1000 ℃, treating the other direction of the steel ingot according to the method, and forging long split steel ingot with the specification of 420mm x 480mm x Lmm; and the final forging temperature is 1000 ℃;
s5: and (5) primary furnace returning heating: returning the steel ingot treated in the step S4 to the furnace for heating, controlling the temperature of the steel ingot to be higher than 1170 ℃ and preserving heat;
s6: first steel ingot forging: discharging the steel ingot subjected to the treatment of S5, forging, discharging the steel ingot, and flattening the steel ingot in a unidirectional manner through a heavy hammer, wherein the deformation of the steel ingot is 25%, and the steel ingot is a cuboid steel ingot with forging specification of 280mm x Lmm;
s7: and (5) secondary furnace returning heating: returning the steel ingot treated in the step S6 to the furnace for heating, controlling the temperature of the steel ingot to be increased to more than 1150 ℃ and preserving heat for a period of time;
s8: and forging a steel ingot for the second time: and (3) discharging the steel ingot subjected to the S7 treatment, forging the steel ingot to obtain a round bar with the diameter of 280mm, and obtaining the HB-2 alloy forging.
The HB-2 alloy forgings of examples 1-5 were inspected by ultrasonic flaw detection of the forgings, the forgings of examples 1-5 were all qualified, the grain phase picture of the forging stock of example 1 was shown in FIG. 1, and it was found by metallographic analysis that dendrites disappeared, no carbide was present and element segregation was substantially eliminated in the forgings of examples 1-5.
Although the present disclosure is described above, the scope of protection of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure, and these changes and modifications will fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The preparation method of the HB-2 alloy forging is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: sectional heating of steel ingot: placing HB-2 alloy steel ingot on cast iron and adding into a furnace, heating the first section, heating the steel ingot to 570-610 ℃ and preserving heat, and heating the second section, heating the steel ingot to 870-910 ℃ and preserving heat;
s2: diffusion annealing: heating the steel ingot treated by the S1 to 1160-1240 ℃ and preserving heat;
s3: cooling and tempering steel ingot: cooling the steel ingot after S2 treatment to 1040-1060 ℃, then returning to 1130-1150 ℃ and preserving heat for a period of time;
s4: cogging of steel ingot: tapping and cogging the steel ingot after the S3 treatment, and controlling the final forging temperature to be higher than 980 ℃;
s5: and (5) primary furnace returning heating: returning the steel ingot treated in the step S4 to the furnace for heating, controlling the temperature of the steel ingot to be increased to 1150 ℃ or above, and preserving heat;
s6: first steel ingot forging: discharging the steel ingot processed in the step S5 to forge;
s7: and (5) secondary furnace returning heating: returning the steel ingot treated in the step S6 to the furnace for heating, controlling the temperature of the steel ingot to be higher than 1170 ℃ and preserving heat for a period of time;
s8: and forging a steel ingot for the second time: discharging the steel ingot processed in the step S7 to forge;
the HB-2 alloy steel ingot comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 26.00-30.00% of Mo, 0-1.00% of Cr, 0-2.00% of Fe, 0-1.00% of Mn, 0-0.10% of Si, 0-0.02% of C, 0-1.00% of Co, 0-0.04% of P, 0-0.03% of S, and the balance of nickel and unavoidable impurities;
in the step S2, the temperature rising speed of the steel ingot is 150 ℃/h, the temperature rising time is 2 hours, and the heat preservation time is 20 hours;
in the step S3, the cooling speed of the steel ingot is 50 ℃/h, and the cooling time is 3 h; the temperature returning speed is 50 ℃/h, and the temperature returning time is 2 h.
2. The method for producing an HB-2 alloy forging according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the temperature of the first stage heating is 600 ℃, the temperature rising speed is less than 100 ℃/hr, and the holding time is 3 hours; the temperature of the second section heating is 900 ℃, the temperature rising speed is less than 100 ℃/h, and the heat preservation time is 2.5 h.
3. The method for producing an HB-2 alloy forging according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the temperature of the heat preservation is 1150℃and the time of the heat preservation is 5 hours.
4. The method for preparing the HB-2 alloy forging according to claim 1, wherein the HB-2 alloy steel ingot comprises the following raw materials in mass fraction: 28.00% of Mo, 0.50% of Cr, 1.00% of Fe, 0.50% of Mn, 0.05% of Si, 0.01% of C, 0.50% of Co, 0.02% of P, 0.015% of S, and the balance of nickel and unavoidable impurities.
5. The method for producing an HB-2 alloy forging according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the cogging treatment comprises: the four sides of the steel ingot are tapped and rounded, then the steel ingot is flattened in one direction through a heavy hammer, the steel ingot is turned around at the temperature of 1000 ℃, and the other direction of the steel ingot is processed according to the method; and the final forging temperature is 1000-1150 ℃.
6. The method for producing an HB-2 alloy forging according to claim 1, wherein the heat preservation time in both of the step S5 and the step S7 is 1.5 hours.
7. The method for producing an HB-2 alloy forging according to claim 1, wherein in the step S6, the forging process comprises: after the steel ingot is discharged from the furnace, the steel ingot is flattened in one direction through a heavy hammer, and the deformation of the steel ingot is 20-30%.
8. An HB-2 alloy forging, characterized in that it is produced by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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| US5374323A (en) * | 1991-08-26 | 1994-12-20 | Aluminum Company Of America | Nickel base alloy forged parts |
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