CN115245996B - UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy forging and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy forging and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115245996B CN115245996B CN202210221802.XA CN202210221802A CN115245996B CN 115245996 B CN115245996 B CN 115245996B CN 202210221802 A CN202210221802 A CN 202210221802A CN 115245996 B CN115245996 B CN 115245996B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/04—Shaping in the rough solely by forging or pressing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/06—Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/70—Furnaces for ingots, i.e. soaking pits
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Abstract
The invention provides a UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy forging and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of metal processing. According to the preparation method, dendrite in the prepared forging piece is disappeared, carbide is not contained, element segregation is basically eliminated through sectional heating, diffusion annealing, cogging and twice forging, the problems that a product is easy to crack and defects are easy to generate in the forging piece in the forging production of the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot are solved, the yield of the forging piece is improved, and the yield of the forging piece is increased to 98%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal processing, in particular to a UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy forging and a preparation method thereof
Background
The UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy is a nickel base alloy with very high chromium content and has superior corrosion resistance to commercial phosphoric acid and many mixed environments of highly oxidizing acid media such as nitric/hydrochloric, nitric/hydrofluoric and sulfuric acid over most other nickel and iron base alloys.
The UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy can also prevent the formation of grain boundary precipitates in a welding heat affected zone, so that a welded product of the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy is suitable for various chemical treatment engineering purposes. The corrosion-resistant material has excellent corrosion resistance in various corrosion media, is widely applied to the fields of chemical industry and petrochemical industry, and is suitable for being used in high-temperature and impurity-mixed inorganic acid and organic acid (such as formic acid and acetic acid) and seawater corrosion environments.
However, since the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy contains a very high content of Mo, W, cr, cu, nb element, element segregation is formed during solidification in the electroslag process, and a certain amount of C element is contained, and there are element segregation and a large amount of carbide (M during solidification of the steel ingot 6 C、M 2 C、M 23 C 6 ) Precipitation, large deformation resistance of UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy is caused, forging cracking phenomenon is often caused, and huge economic loss is caused. In addition, the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy has low heat conductivity coefficient and large linear expansion coefficient, so that the temperature gradient of the surface and the core of the steel ingot is large in the forging heating process, the thermal stress is large, and defects are easily caused in the forging.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method for reducing cracking of a UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot in a forging process and internal defects of a forging.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows.
A preparation method of a UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy forging comprises the following steps:
s1, placing steel ingots: placing a UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot on cast iron, wherein the cast iron is used for ensuring that the lower surface and the upper surface of the steel ingot are heated uniformly when being heated;
in the step, cast iron is filled below the steel ingot, so that the lower surface and the upper surface of the steel ingot are heated uniformly when heated, and the generation of negative and positive surfaces on the upper surface and the lower surface of the steel ingot due to uneven heating in the subsequent processing step can be effectively prevented.
S2, heating in a sectional mode: heating in the first stage, heating the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot in the step S1 to 580-620 ℃ at a heating rate of 1-2 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 3-5h; heating in the second stage, heating to 880-920 ℃ at a heating rate of 1-2 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 2-6h;
in the step, the temperature difference between the surface and the core of the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot is reduced by slowly heating, so that the thermal stress is reduced, and the cracking risk of the material caused by the thermal stress can be avoided
S3, diffusion annealing: heating the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot subjected to the step S2 to 1180-1220 ℃ at a heating rate of 2-4 ℃/min, and preserving heat for more than 20 hours;
in the step, the segregation elements in the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot are homogenized through long-time high-temperature diffusion annealing; in addition, carbide in the outer grain boundary in the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot can be dissolved back into crystal grains after long-time high-temperature diffusion annealing, so that the deformation resistance of the steel ingot is reduced, the plasticity of the steel ingot is increased, and the possibility of cracking of the N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot in the forging process is reduced.
S4, cooling the steel ingot: firstly, starting a furnace to cool to 1040-1060 ℃ and then heating to 1130-1160 ℃ the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot subjected to the step S3;
in the step, the high-temperature strength of the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy can be enhanced by firstly cooling to 1050 ℃ and then heating, so that the surface of the alloy is prevented from cracking during forging and cogging.
S5, heat preservation of steel ingots: the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot which is finished in the step S4 is subjected to heat preservation for 5 to 8 hours at 1130 to 1160 ℃;
in the step, the temperature inside the cooled UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot can be uniform by preserving the temperature for 4-8 hours at 1130-1160 ℃, so that the problems of defects and the like inside the forging due to large temperature gradient between the surface and the core of the steel ingot and large thermal stress are avoided.
S6, cogging of steel ingots: forging and cogging the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot subjected to the step S5, and discharging and cogging the steel ingot, wherein the final forging temperature is higher than 950 ℃;
in the step, the final forging temperature of the cogging is controlled to be higher than 950 ℃, so that the plasticity of the steel ingot is maintained.
S7, returning and heating the steel ingot: returning the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot subjected to the step S6 to heat to 1130-1160 ℃, and preserving heat for 1-2h;
in the step, the internal temperature of the unS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot after the cogging treatment is uniform by the heating of a return furnace and the heat preservation treatment, so that the forging treatment is convenient to carry out on the steel ingot.
S8, forging steel ingots: discharging the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot subjected to the step S7, and performing unidirectional flattening to ensure that the deformation of the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot is 20-30%;
in the step, the deformation of the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot exceeds the thermal deformation critical area, so that the plasticity of the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot is optimal.
S9, secondary furnace returning and heating of steel ingots: returning the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot subjected to the step S8 to heat to 1130-1160 ℃, and preserving heat for 1.5h;
in the step, the internal temperature of the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot after the primary forging treatment is uniform by secondary furnace returning heating and heat preservation treatment, so that the forging treatment is carried out later.
S10, secondary forging of steel ingots: and (3) performing secondary forging on the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot subjected to the step S9.
Compared with the prior art, the preparation method of the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy forging disclosed by the invention reduces the temperature difference between the surface and the core of the steel ingot by gradually and slowly heating, reduces the thermal stress, and can avoid the risk of cracking of the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot caused by the thermal stress. The element segregation is homogenized through long-time high-temperature diffusion annealing, and carbide in the grain boundary can be dissolved back into crystal grains, so that carbide in the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot is basically eliminated. In addition, the preparation method reduces the deformation resistance of the material through diffusion annealing and increases the plasticity of the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy. In addition, the high-temperature strength of the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot is improved in the processes of cooling, heating and heat preservation adopted in the preparation method, and surface cracking during forging and cogging is prevented. Finally, the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot is not easy to crack in forging, and internal defects of the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot are reduced.
Preferably, the cast iron in step S1 has dimensions of 250mm by 1500mm. The size of the cast iron is 250mm multiplied by 1500mm, so that the lower surface and the upper surface of the steel ingot can be effectively ensured to be heated uniformly when heated, and the waste of cast iron resources caused by oversized cast iron is avoided.
Preferably, the first stage in the step S2 is heated to 600 ℃ and the heat preservation time is 3 hours; the second stage is heated to 900 ℃ and the heat preservation time is 2.5h. By optimizing the temperature and the heat preservation time in the step S2, the process conditions are adapted to the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy, so that the thermal stress generated in the heating process of the superalloy can be eliminated to the maximum extent, and the risk of cracking of the superalloy material is reduced to the maximum extent.
Preferably, in the step S3, the temperature rising rate is 2 ℃/min, the temperature rising is 1200 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 20h. By optimizing the technological parameters in the step S3, the internal segregation elements of the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot can be homogenized, the deformation resistance of the steel ingot is reduced, the plasticity of the steel ingot is improved, and meanwhile, the energy waste in the diffusion annealing time process is avoided.
Preferably, in the step S4, the temperature is reduced to 1050 ℃ and then increased to 1130 ℃. The process parameters in the step S4 are optimized, so that the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot has optimal high-temperature strength, and the phenomenon of surface cracking during forging and cogging can be better prevented.
Preferably, the temperature of the heat preservation in the step S5 is 1150 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 5h. By optimizing the technological parameters in the step S5, the temperature of the surface and the inside of the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot can reach the optimal uniformity degree, and the waste of energy sources due to overlong heat preservation time can be avoided.
Preferably, in step S6, the deformation mode of the ingot tapping and cogging is as follows: firstly, the four sides of a UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot are tapped and rounded, and then a heavy hammer is adopted for one-way flattening; and forging the other end of the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot according to the method. The four sides of the steel ingot are tapped and rounded, so that the surface of the steel ingot is subjected to small deformation, and grains on the surface of the steel ingot are crushed.
Preferably, the heating in the step S7 is performed to a temperature of 1150 ℃ and a heat preservation time of 1.5h. The internal temperature of the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot can be uniform by optimizing the process parameters in the step S7, excessive consumption of energy sources due to overhigh temperature and overlong high temperature time can be avoided, and the production cost can be saved.
The invention also provides a UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy forging, which is obtained by forging through the preparation method. Dendrites in the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy forging piece prepared by the preparation method disappear, carbide is not contained, and element segregation is basically eliminated; the grain size inside the forging piece is uniform, and the grain size can reach 2-4 levels; the forge piece is qualified through ultrasonic flaw detection test, and the yield is improved to 98%.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a graph of heat treatment temperatures at steps S1 to S5 in the method of manufacturing a UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy forging in example 1.
Fig. 2 is a forging temperature profile of step S7 and step S9 in the method of manufacturing a UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy forging in example 1.
Fig. 3 is a crystal phase diagram of a UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy forging in example 1.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
A preparation method of a UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy forging comprises the following steps:
s1, placing steel ingots: placing a UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot on cast iron, wherein the cast iron is used for ensuring that the lower surface and the upper surface of the steel ingot are heated uniformly when being heated; the composition of the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 mass percent of UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy composition
In the step, cast iron is filled below the steel ingot, so that the lower surface and the upper surface of the steel ingot are heated uniformly when heated, and the generation of negative and positive surfaces on the upper surface and the lower surface of the steel ingot due to uneven heating in the subsequent processing step can be effectively prevented.
S2, heating in a sectional mode: heating in the first stage, heating the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot in the step S1 to 580-620 ℃ at a heating rate of 1-2 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 3-5h; heating in the second stage, heating to 880-920 ℃ at a heating rate of 1-2 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 2-6h;
in the step, the temperature difference between the surface and the core of the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot is reduced by slowly heating, so that the thermal stress is reduced, and the cracking risk of the material caused by the thermal stress can be avoided
S3, diffusion annealing: heating the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot subjected to the step S2 to 1180-1220 ℃ at a heating rate of 2-4 ℃/min, and preserving heat for more than 20 hours;
in the step, the segregation elements in the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot are homogenized through long-time high-temperature diffusion annealing; in addition, carbide in the outer grain boundary in the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot can be dissolved back into crystal grains after long-time high-temperature diffusion annealing, so that the deformation resistance of the steel ingot is reduced, the plasticity of the steel ingot is increased, and the possibility of cracking of the N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot in the forging process is reduced.
S4, cooling the steel ingot: firstly, starting a furnace to cool to 1040-1060 ℃ and then heating to 1130-1160 ℃ the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot subjected to the step S3;
in the step, the high-temperature strength of the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy can be enhanced by firstly cooling to 1050 ℃ and then heating, so that the surface of the alloy is prevented from cracking during forging and cogging.
S5, heat preservation of steel ingots: the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot which is finished in the step S4 is subjected to heat preservation for 5 to 8 hours at 1130 to 1160 ℃;
in the step, the temperature inside the cooled UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot can be uniform by preserving the temperature for 4-8 hours at 1130-1160 ℃, so that the problems of defects and the like inside the forging due to large temperature gradient between the surface and the core of the steel ingot and large thermal stress are avoided.
S6, cogging of steel ingots: forging and cogging the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot subjected to the step S5, and discharging and cogging the steel ingot, wherein the final forging temperature is higher than 950 ℃;
in the step, the final forging temperature of the cogging is controlled to be higher than 950 ℃, so that the plasticity of the steel ingot is maintained.
S7, returning and heating the steel ingot: returning the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot subjected to the step S6 to heat to 1130-1160 ℃, and preserving heat for 1-2h;
in the step, the internal temperature of the unS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot after the cogging treatment is uniform by the heating of a return furnace and the heat preservation treatment, so that the forging treatment is convenient to carry out on the steel ingot.
S8, forging steel ingots: discharging the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot subjected to the step S7, and performing unidirectional flattening to ensure that the deformation of the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot is 20-30%;
in the step, the deformation of the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot exceeds the thermal deformation critical area, so that the plasticity of the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot is optimal.
S9, secondary furnace returning and heating of steel ingots: returning the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot subjected to the step S8 to heat to 1130-1160 ℃, and preserving heat for 1.5h;
in the step, the internal temperature of the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot after the primary forging treatment is uniform by secondary furnace returning heating and heat preservation treatment, so that the forging treatment is carried out later.
S10, secondary forging of steel ingots: and (3) performing secondary forging on the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot subjected to the step S9.
Compared with the prior art, the preparation method of the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy forging disclosed by the invention reduces the temperature difference between the surface and the core of the steel ingot by gradually and slowly heating, reduces the thermal stress, and can avoid the risk of cracking of the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot caused by the thermal stress. The element segregation is homogenized through long-time high-temperature diffusion annealing, and carbide in the grain boundary can be dissolved back into crystal grains, so that carbide in the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot is basically eliminated. In addition, the preparation method reduces the deformation resistance of the material through diffusion annealing and increases the plasticity of the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy. In addition, the high-temperature strength of the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot is improved in the processes of cooling, heating and heat preservation adopted in the preparation method, and surface cracking during forging and cogging is prevented. Finally, the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot is not easy to crack in forging, and internal defects of the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot are reduced.
Example 1
The preparation method of the cuboid forging piece with the dimensions of 200mm multiplied by 2000mmUNS N06030 comprises the following steps:
s1, placing steel ingots: placing a spherical UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot with the diameter of 480mm on cast iron with the diameter of 250mm multiplied by 1000 mm;
s2, heating in a sectional mode: heating in the first stage, namely heating the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot pad in the step S1 to 600 ℃ at a heating rate of 1.5 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 3 hours; heating in the second stage, heating to 900 ℃ at a heating rate of 1.67 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 2.5h;
s3, diffusion annealing: heating the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot subjected to the step S2 to 1200 ℃ at a heating rate of 3 ℃/min, and then preserving heat for 20 hours;
s4, cooling the steel ingot: cooling the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot subjected to the step S3 to 1050 ℃ firstly, and then heating to 1130 ℃;
s5, heat preservation of steel ingots: the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot which is finished in the step S4 is subjected to heat preservation for 5 hours at the temperature of 1130 ℃;
s6, cogging of steel ingots: forging and cogging the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot which is finished in the step S5, and discharging and cogging the steel ingot; the cogging deformation mode is as follows: firstly, the four sides of a UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot are tapped and rounded, and then a heavy hammer is adopted for one-way flattening; and forging the other end of the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot according to the method; forging a steel ingot into a blank with the specification of 420mm multiplied by Lmm, wherein L is the length of the forged steel ingot, and the final forging temperature in the forging process is 950 ℃;
s7, returning and heating the steel ingot: returning the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot subjected to the step S6 to heat, wherein the heating temperature is 1130 ℃, and the heat preservation is carried out for 1.5h;
s8, forging steel ingots: discharging the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot which is finished in the step S7, and performing unidirectional flattening, wherein the forging specification is a blank of 200mm multiplied by 420mm multiplied by Lmm, and L is the length of the forged blank;
s9, secondary furnace returning and heating of steel ingots: returning the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot subjected to the step S8 to heat, wherein the heating temperature is 1130 ℃, and the heat preservation is carried out for 1.5h;
s10, secondary forging of steel ingots: forging the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot which is finished in the step S9 into a square forging piece with the thickness of 200mm multiplied by 2000mm, and performing air cooling after forging.
The heat treatment temperature profiles of steps S1 to S5 in this example are shown in fig. 1, and the forging temperature profiles of steps S6, S7 and S9 are shown in fig. 2. The forging prepared in the embodiment is qualified after ultrasonic flaw detection, and through metallographic analysis, dendrites in the forging disappear, carbide is avoided, element segregation is basically eliminated, and a crystal phase diagram of the forging is shown in figure 3.
Example 2 UNS N06030 round bar forging with 260mm diameter
S1, placing steel ingots: a steel ingot of UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy with the diameter of 480mm is padded on cast iron with the diameter of 250mm multiplied by 1000 mm;
s2, heating in a sectional mode: heating in the first stage, namely heating the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot pad in the step S1 to 620 ℃ at a heating rate of 1 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 3 hours; heating in the second stage, heating to 920 ℃ at a heating rate of 1 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 2 hours;
s3, diffusion annealing: heating the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot subjected to the step S2 to 1220 ℃ at a heating rate of 2 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 20h;
s4, cooling the steel ingot: firstly cooling the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot subjected to the step S3 to 1060 ℃, and then heating to 1160 ℃;
s5, heat preservation of steel ingots: preserving heat of the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot which is finished in the step S4 for 5 hours at 1160 ℃;
s6, cogging of steel ingots: forging and cogging the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot subjected to the step S5, and discharging and cogging the steel ingot, wherein the cogging deformation mode is as follows: firstly, the four sides of a UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot are tapped and rounded, and then a heavy hammer is adopted for one-way flattening; and forging the other end of the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot according to the method; the forging specification is 420mm multiplied by 480mm multiplied by Lmm, L is the length of the forged steel ingot, and the final forging temperature is 1000 ℃;
s7, returning and heating the steel ingot: returning the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot subjected to the step S6 to heat, wherein the heating temperature is 1160 ℃, and the heat is preserved for 1h;
s8, forging steel ingots: discharging the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot subjected to the step S7, and performing unidirectional flattening, wherein the forging specification is 260mm multiplied by L, and the final forging temperature is 1050 ℃;
s9, secondary furnace returning and heating of steel ingots: returning the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot subjected to the step S8 to heat, wherein the heating temperature is 1160 ℃, and the heat preservation is carried out for 1.5h;
s10, secondary forging of steel ingots: forging the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot with the step S9 into a round bar with the diameter of 260mm, and air cooling after forging.
The forge piece is detected to be qualified after ultrasonic flaw detection, and through metallographic analysis, dendrites in the forge piece disappear, carbide is avoided, and element segregation is basically eliminated.
Example 3
The preparation method of the cuboid forging piece with the size of 250mm multiplied by 400mm multiplied by 1500mm UNS N06030 comprises the following steps:
s1, placing steel ingots: a steel ingot of UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy with the diameter of 480mm is padded on cast iron with the diameter of 250mm multiplied by 1000 mm;
s2, heating in a sectional mode: heating in the first stage, namely heating the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot pad in the step S1 to 580 ℃ at a heating rate of 2 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 5 hours; heating in the second stage, heating to 880 ℃ at a heating rate of 2 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 6 hours;
s3, diffusion annealing: heating the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot subjected to the step S2 to 1180 ℃ at a heating rate of 4 ℃/min, and then preserving heat for 24 hours;
s4, cooling the steel ingot: cooling the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot subjected to the step S3 to 1040 ℃, and then heating to 1130 ℃;
s5, heat preservation of steel ingots: the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot which is finished in the step S4 is subjected to heat preservation for 8 hours at the temperature of 1130 ℃;
s6, cogging of steel ingots: forging and cogging the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot subjected to the step S5, and discharging and cogging the steel ingot, wherein the deformation mode is as follows: firstly, the four sides of a UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot are tapped and rounded, and then a heavy hammer is adopted for one-way flattening; and forging the other end of the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot according to the method, wherein the forging specification is 420mm multiplied by 480mm multiplied by L, and the final forging temperature is more than 1000 ℃;
s7, returning and heating the steel ingot: returning the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot subjected to the step S6 to heat, wherein the heating temperature is 1150 ℃, and the heat is preserved for 2 hours;
s8, forging steel ingots: discharging the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot subjected to the step S7, and performing unidirectional flattening, wherein the forging specification is 250mm multiplied by 480mm multiplied by L;
s9, secondary furnace returning and heating of steel ingots: returning the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot subjected to the step S8 to heat, wherein the heating temperature is 1150 ℃, and the heat preservation is carried out for 1.5h;
s10, secondary forging of steel ingots: forging the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot which is finished in the step S9 into a square billet with the thickness of 250mm multiplied by 400mm multiplied by 1500mm, and air cooling after forging is finished.
The forge piece is detected to be qualified after ultrasonic flaw detection, and through metallographic analysis, dendrites in the forge piece disappear, carbide is avoided, and element segregation is basically eliminated.
Example 4
Preparation of a UNS N06030 round bar forging with the diameter of 360 mm:
s1, placing steel ingots: a steel ingot of UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy with the diameter of 480mm is padded on cast iron with the diameter of 250mm multiplied by 1000 mm;
s2, heating in a sectional mode: heating in the first stage, and heating the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot pad in the step S1 to 605 ℃ for 4 hours; heating in the second stage, heating to 910 ℃ at a heating rate of 2 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 4 hours;
s3, diffusion annealing: heating the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot subjected to the step S2 to 1190 ℃ at a heating rate of 3 ℃/min, and then preserving heat for 22 hours;
s4, cooling the steel ingot: and cooling the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot subjected to the step S3 to 1045 ℃ and then heating to 1160 ℃.
S5, heat preservation of steel ingots: preserving heat of the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot which is finished in the step S4 for 6 hours at 1160 ℃;
s6, cogging of steel ingots: forging and cogging the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot which is finished in the step S5, and discharging and cogging the steel ingot, wherein the forging specification is 420mm multiplied by 480mm multiplied by Lmm, and the final forging temperature is higher than 950 ℃;
s7, returning and heating the steel ingot: returning the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot subjected to the step S6 to heat, wherein the heating temperature is 1160 ℃, and the heat preservation is carried out for 1.5h;
s8, forging steel ingots: discharging the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot subjected to the step S7, and performing unidirectional flattening, wherein the forging specification is 360mm multiplied by L, and the final forging temperature is higher than 1000 ℃;
s9, secondary furnace returning and heating of steel ingots: returning the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot subjected to the step S8 to heat, wherein the heating temperature is 1160 ℃, and the heat preservation is carried out for 1.5h;
s10, secondary forging of steel ingots: forging the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot subjected to the step S9 into a round bar with the diameter of 360mm, and performing air cooling after forging.
The forge piece is detected to be qualified after ultrasonic flaw detection, and through metallographic analysis, dendrites in the forge piece disappear, carbide is avoided, and element segregation is basically eliminated.
However, the disclosure is as above, but the scope of the disclosure is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure, and these changes and modifications will fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The preparation method of the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy forging is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, placing steel ingots: placing a UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot on cast iron, wherein the cast iron is used for ensuring that the lower surface and the upper surface of the steel ingot are heated uniformly when being heated;
s2, heating in a sectional mode: heating in the first stage, heating the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot in the step S1 to 580-620 ℃ at a heating rate of 1-2 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 3-5h; heating in the second stage, heating to 880-920 ℃ at a heating rate of 1-2 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 2-6h;
s3, diffusion annealing: heating the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot subjected to the step S2 to 1180-1220 ℃ at a heating rate of 2-4 ℃/min, and preserving heat for more than 20 hours;
s4, cooling the steel ingot: firstly, starting a furnace to cool to 1040-1060 ℃ and then heating to 1130-1160 ℃ the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot subjected to the step S3;
s5, heat preservation of steel ingots: the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot which is finished in the step S4 is subjected to heat preservation for 5 to 8 hours at 1130 to 1160 ℃;
s6, cogging of steel ingots: forging and cogging the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot subjected to the step S5, and discharging and cogging the steel ingot, wherein the final forging temperature is higher than 950 ℃;
s7, returning and heating the steel ingot: returning the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot subjected to the step S6 to heat to 1130-1160 ℃, and preserving heat for 1-2h;
s8, forging steel ingots: discharging the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot subjected to the step S7, and performing unidirectional flattening to ensure that the deformation of the UNSN06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot is 20-30%;
s9, secondary furnace returning and heating of steel ingots: returning the UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot subjected to the step S8 to heat to 1130-1160 ℃, and preserving heat for 1.5h;
s10, secondary forging of steel ingots: and (3) performing secondary forging on the UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot subjected to the step S9.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the cast iron in step S1 has dimensions of 250mm x 1500mm.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first stage in step S2 is heated to 600 ℃ for 3 hours; the second stage is heated to 900 ℃ and the heat preservation time is 2.5h.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the temperature rise rate in the step S3 is 2 ℃/min, the temperature rise is 1200 ℃, and the incubation time is 20h.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the temperature is reduced to 1050 ℃ and then increased to 1130 ℃ in step S4.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the temperature is 1150 ℃ and the time is 5 hours in step S5.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the deformation of the ingot tapping and cogging in step S6 is as follows: firstly, the four sides of a UNS N06030 corrosion-resistant alloy steel ingot are tapped and rounded, and then a heavy hammer is adopted for one-way flattening; and forging the other end of the UNSN06030 corrosion resistant alloy steel ingot according to the method.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the heating is performed at 1150 ℃ for a period of 1.5 hours in step S7.
9. A UNS N06030 corrosion resistant alloy forging prepared by the method of claim 1.
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| CN102357633A (en) * | 2011-09-27 | 2012-02-22 | 上海宏钢电站设备铸锻有限公司 | Method for manufacturing nickel-based high-temperature alloy forge piece |
| CN105170865A (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2015-12-23 | 大连理工大学 | Crystalline grain control method for GH690 alloy shear cover of explosion valve |
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| US20200340081A1 (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2020-10-29 | Hitachi Metals, Ltd. | Nickel-based alloy for hot forging die, hot forging die using same, and method for manufacturing forged product |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102357633A (en) * | 2011-09-27 | 2012-02-22 | 上海宏钢电站设备铸锻有限公司 | Method for manufacturing nickel-based high-temperature alloy forge piece |
| CN105170865A (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2015-12-23 | 大连理工大学 | Crystalline grain control method for GH690 alloy shear cover of explosion valve |
| CN109590421A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-04-09 | 河钢股份有限公司 | A kind of forging technology of Hastelloy C alloys -276 |
| CN114032481A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-02-11 | 北京钢研高纳科技股份有限公司 | Method for homogenizing high-alloying high-temperature alloy material |
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