CN109468161A - 一种石墨烯高性能环保型铜板带轧制液及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种石墨烯高性能环保型铜板带轧制液及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109468161A
CN109468161A CN201811311173.XA CN201811311173A CN109468161A CN 109468161 A CN109468161 A CN 109468161A CN 201811311173 A CN201811311173 A CN 201811311173A CN 109468161 A CN109468161 A CN 109468161A
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rolling mill
mill compound
copper plate
graphene
alcohol
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高晓谋
胡献国
何甲生
吴波
李中洋
高荣权
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Anhui Zhong Tian Petrochemical Co Ltd
Hefei University of Technology
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Hefei University of Technology
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Abstract

本发明公开一种石墨烯高性能环保型铜板带轧制液及其制备方法，属于润滑剂技术领域。所述轧制液主要组分及其所占重量百分比为：菜籽油40‑50％，聚氧乙烯(20)失水山梨醇三油酸酯10‑15％，油酸1‑2％，醇4‑10％，石墨烯0.01‑0.10％，次亚磷酸钠0.5‑2％，三乙醇胺5‑10％，水余量。其制备方法为：将石墨烯加入醇中超声一定时间后与聚氧乙烯(20)失水山梨醇三油酸酯、油酸、菜籽油混合，得到油相混合液；将次亚磷酸钠、三乙醇胺溶于水中，加入上述油相混合液中，一定转速下剪切搅拌一定时间即得轧制液原液，原液按1:5‑10稀释后即可用于铜板带轧制加工。本发明原料环保、工艺简单，所制备的轧制液无毒无刺激气味，具有优异的极压抗磨性能和存储稳定性。

Description

一种石墨烯高性能环保型铜板带轧制液及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种石墨烯高性能环保型铜板带轧制液及其制备方法，用于铜板带轧制过程中的润滑和冷却，属于润滑剂技术领域。
背景技术
轧制是利用轧辊把钢、铜、铝等金属坯料滚压成各种规格板材的加工方式。轧制过程中轧辊与金属间摩擦力较大，且会产生大量的形变热和摩擦热，若没有必要的润滑和冷却会造成轧件表面严重损伤，板带产品不合格，甚至造成轧辊裂纹而缩短轧辊寿命。因此，需要用到大量的轧制润滑剂来润滑和冷却摩擦副，从而提高轧制产品质量和延长轧辊使用寿命。铜板带作为一种应用广泛的金属板带材料，由于其材质的特殊性，在铜板带轧制工业中对轧制润滑剂的选择极为慎重，一般都使用乳化液来作为轧制过程中的润滑剂。而传统乳化液中含有大量的硫系极压抗磨剂以及芳烃类油性添加剂等，这些化合物均有一定毒性，在轧制过程中对工人的身心健康造成很大危害，且在废液排放时会对水环境造成很大的污染。近年来，随着纳米技术地不断发展，一些纳米颗粒逐渐出现用以替代传统的极压抗磨剂，如蔡文通等采用纳米TiO2为极压抗磨剂制备出了具有较好极压抗磨性能和抗磨减摩性能的铜板带轧制乳化液；CN103789067A公开了一种润滑性能优良的含油溶性纳米Cu的铜箔粗轧轧制润滑液。与传统的极压抗磨剂相比，这些纳米微粒因具有更为优异的极压抗磨性能和环境友好等特性，在金属轧制润滑剂的配制工艺中体现出了较好的应用前景。
石墨烯作为碳原子以SP2杂化轨道构成的单层二维原子晶体，是目前已知最薄、最硬的纳米材料，由于其具有超薄的层状结构、优异的机械性能及自润滑性能，使其已成为润滑剂添加剂领域研究的热点。如张伟等用N-甲基吡咯烷酮和石油醚来增强石墨烯的亲油性，并采用聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺作为分散剂将石墨烯分散至150SN基础油中，通过摩擦实验体现出了石墨烯具有较好的摩擦学性能。CN105296053A选用油酸、亚胺类化合物和十二烷基苯磺酸钠等有机物为分散剂，在高温高压反应釜中制备出一种石墨烯润滑油添加剂。CN106221859A选用氟化、氮化、硫化、硼化、磷化、硅化等改性石墨烯通过硬脂酸、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、脂肪酸甘油酯和季铵化物中的一种或多种有机物为分散剂制备出一种高分散性能的改性石墨烯润滑油。
从现有技术成果来看，石墨烯作为添加剂主要应用于发动机润滑油领域，而作为金属轧制液领域的应用目前未见报道。由于石墨烯片层厚度仅有0.335nm，层与层之间较强的范德华作用力使其在乳液体系中极易发生团聚，导致了石墨烯优异的性能难以表现出来，限制了其在金属轧制液领域的广泛应用。因此，配制出均匀、稳定且性能优异的石墨烯乳液体系是其在金属轧制液领域应用过程中必须要解决的重要技术问题，也是广泛拓展石墨烯应用领域的迫切需要。
发明内容
针对上述问题，本发明的目的在于：提供一种石墨烯高性能环保型铜板带轧制液及其制备方法。本发明铜板带轧制液原料环保，制备工艺简单，无毒无刺激气味且具有优异的极压抗磨性能和存储稳定性。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种石墨烯高性能环保型铜板带轧制液，其组分按质量百分比构成如下：
菜籽油40-50％、聚氧乙烯(20)失水山梨醇三油酸酯10-15％、油酸1-2％、醇4-10％、石墨烯0.01-0.10％、次亚磷酸钠0.5-2％、三乙醇胺5-10％、水余量。
优选地，一种石墨烯高性能环保型铜板带轧制液，其组分按质量百分比构成如下：
菜籽油45％，聚氧乙烯(20)失水山梨醇三油酸酯12％，油酸1.5％，正戊醇10％，石墨烯0.06％，次亚磷酸钠1％，三乙醇胺7％，水余量。
优选地，所述醇为乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、异丁醇、正戊醇、异戊醇、1-己醇、2-己醇、1-辛醇、2-辛醇中的一种或几种的混合。
一种石墨烯高性能环保型铜板带轧制液的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
将石墨烯加入醇中超声分散25-35min，然后依次加入聚氧乙烯(20)失水山梨醇三油酸酯、油酸和菜籽油，在剪切搅拌机中于60-70℃下搅拌55-65min，得到油相混合液；将次亚磷酸钠、三乙醇胺溶于水中，加入上述油相混合液中，继续剪切搅拌55-65min即得轧制液原液。
优选地，所述的轧制液原液按1:5-10的体积比加水稀释后即得石墨烯高性能环保型铜板带轧制液。
优选地，所述的剪切搅拌机的转速设置为1400-1600rpm。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果在于：
1、本发明工艺简单，制备过程中不含硫化物、强酸、强碱等各种对设备有强腐蚀的试剂，且反应在常压下进行，易于产业化。
2、本发明配方中采用菜籽油为基础油，具有较好的生物降解性，且避免了硫系极压抗磨剂以及芳烃类油性添加剂等对环境和人体能造成一定污染和危害的有机化合物的使用，配方安全环保。
3、本发明所制备的石墨烯铜板带轧制液具有优异存储稳定性，存放6个月后无明显分层现象且未变质腐败。
4、本发明采用具有较好摩擦学性能的石墨烯替代传统金属轧制液中的硫系极压抗磨添加剂，所制备出的石墨烯铜板带轧制液具有优异的极压抗磨性能。
具体实施方式
实施例1：
本实施例中石墨烯高性能环保型铜板带轧制液，其组分按质量百分比构成如下：
菜籽油50％，聚氧乙烯(20)失水山梨醇三油酸酯10％，油酸1％，乙醇8％，石墨烯0.04％，次亚磷酸钠0.5％，三乙醇胺5％，水余量。
本实施例中石墨烯高性能环保型铜板带轧制液的制备方法如下：
将石墨烯加入乙醇中超声分散30min，然后依次加入聚氧乙烯(20)失水山梨醇三油酸酯、油酸和菜籽油，在1500rpm转速剪切搅拌机中于65℃下搅拌60min，得到油相混合液；将次亚磷酸钠、三乙醇胺溶于水中，加入上述油相混合液中，保持1500rpm转速继续剪切搅拌60min即得轧制液原液；原液按1:5的体积比加水稀释后即得铜板带轧制液。
将本实施例制备的轧制液静置6个月，观察其存储稳定性；并采用四球摩擦试验机评定所制备轧制液的极压抗磨性能(PB值)。实验结果表明：所制备的轧制液存放6个月后无明显分层和变质腐败现象，PB值明显高于同类已公开技术产品，体现出其具有优异的存储稳定性和极压抗磨性能。
实施例2：
本实施例中石墨烯高性能环保型铜板带轧制液，其组分按质量百分比构成如下：
菜籽油45％，聚氧乙烯(20)失水山梨醇三油酸酯12％，油酸1.5％，正戊醇10％，石墨烯0.06％，次亚磷酸钠1％，三乙醇胺7％，水余量。
本实施例中石墨烯高性能环保型铜板带轧制液的制备方法如下：
将石墨烯加入正戊醇中超声分散30min，然后依次加入聚氧乙烯(20)失水山梨醇三油酸酯、油酸和菜籽油，在1500rpm转速剪切搅拌机中于65℃下搅拌60min，得到油相混合液；将次亚磷酸钠、三乙醇胺溶于水中，加入上述油相混合液中，保持1500rpm转速继续剪切搅拌60min即得轧制液原液；原液按1:5的体积比加水稀释后即得铜板带轧制液。
将本实施例制备的轧制液静置6个月，观察其存储稳定性；并采用四球摩擦试验机评定所制备轧制液的极压抗磨性能(PB值)。实验结果表明：所制备的轧制液存放6个月后无明显分层和变质腐败现象，PB值明显高于同类已公开技术产品，体现出其具有优异的存储稳定性和极压抗磨性能。
实施例3：
本实施例中石墨烯高性能环保型铜板带轧制液，其组分按质量百分比构成如下：
菜籽油40％，聚氧乙烯(20)失水山梨醇三油酸酯15％，油酸2％，2-己醇10％，石墨烯0.08％，次亚磷酸钠0.5％，三乙醇胺8％，水余量。
本实施例中石墨烯高性能环保型铜板带轧制液的制备方法如下：
将石墨烯加入2-己醇中超声分散30min，然后依次加入聚氧乙烯(20)失水山梨醇三油酸酯、油酸和菜籽油，在1500rpm转速剪切搅拌机中于65℃下搅拌60min，得到油相混合液；将次亚磷酸钠、三乙醇胺溶于水中，加入上述油相混合液中，保持1500rpm转速继续剪切搅拌60min即得轧制液原液；原液按1:5的体积比加水稀释后即得铜板带轧制液。
将本实施例制备的轧制液静置6个月，观察其存储稳定性；并采用四球摩擦试验机评定所制备轧制液的极压抗磨性能(PB值)。实验结果表明：所制备的轧制液存放6个月后无明显分层和变质腐败现象，PB值明显高于同类已公开技术产品，体现出其具有优异的存储稳定性和极压抗磨性能。
表1为本发明实施例1-3制备的石墨烯高性能环保型铜板带轧制液与CN106635267A制备的铜板带轧制微乳液的极压抗磨性能对比数据。
表1
轧制液(8％稀释液) P<sub>B</sub>/N
CN106635267A 637
实施例1 880
实施例2 940
实施例3 890
从表1中可以看出：本发明的石墨烯高性能环保型铜板带轧制液的极压抗磨性能明显优于CN106635267A制备的铜板带轧制微乳液，实施例2制备的石墨烯高性能环保型铜板带轧制液的极压抗磨性能最优。

Claims (6)

1.一种石墨烯高性能环保型铜板带轧制液，其特征在于：其组分按质量百分比构成如下：
菜籽油40-50％、聚氧乙烯(20)失水山梨醇三油酸酯10-15％、油酸1-2％、醇4-10％、石墨烯0.01-0.10％、次亚磷酸钠0.5-2％、三乙醇胺5-10％、水余量。
2.根据权利要求1所述的石墨烯高性能环保型铜板带轧制液，其特征在于：其组分按质量百分比构成如下：
菜籽油45％，聚氧乙烯(20)失水山梨醇三油酸酯12％，油酸1.5％，正戊醇10％，石墨烯0.06％，次亚磷酸钠1％，三乙醇胺7％，水余量。
3.根据权利要求1所述的石墨烯高性能环保型铜板带轧制液，其特征在于：所述醇为乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、异丁醇、正戊醇、异戊醇、1-己醇、2-己醇、1-辛醇、2-辛醇中的一种或几种的混合。
4.一种如权利要求1-3任意一项所述的石墨烯高性能环保型铜板带轧制液的制备方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：
将石墨烯加入醇中超声分散25-35min，然后依次加入聚氧乙烯(20)失水山梨醇三油酸酯、油酸和菜籽油，在剪切搅拌机中于60-70℃下搅拌55-65min，得到油相混合液；将次亚磷酸钠、三乙醇胺溶于水中，加入上述油相混合液中，继续剪切搅拌55-65min即得轧制液原液。
5.根据权利要求4所述的石墨烯高性能环保型铜板带轧制液的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的轧制液原液按1:5-10的体积比加水稀释后即得石墨烯高性能环保型铜板带轧制液。
6.根据权利要求4所述的石墨烯高性能环保型铜板带轧制液的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的剪切搅拌机的转速设置为1400-1600rpm。
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