CN109467151A - A kind of solar energy sea water desalination apparatus - Google Patents
A kind of solar energy sea water desalination apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN109467151A CN109467151A CN201811594153.8A CN201811594153A CN109467151A CN 109467151 A CN109467151 A CN 109467151A CN 201811594153 A CN201811594153 A CN 201811594153A CN 109467151 A CN109467151 A CN 109467151A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
- D02G3/04—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/009—Apparatus with independent power supply, e.g. solar cells, windpower, fuel cells
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
- D10B2331/06—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyethers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
- Y02A20/141—Wind power
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
- Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of solar energy sea water desalination apparatus, include: the solar panel that internal upper and lower level is respectively equipped with cavity and the transparent wedge-shaped cavity of wedge-shaped foam-plastic blocks, bottom are equipped with the transparent pane body cavity body of battery and connect and be set on chinampa with battery.Heating fabric is equipped on wedge-shaped foam-plastic blocks, fabric is connect by being equipped with the conducting wire of light sensation inductive switch with battery, and the transparent wedge shape long inclined top face inner wall of cavity is equipped with diversion trench, is equipped with the catch basin with fresh water leadout hole below long inclined top face.The present invention passes through exquisite structure design, thin layer moisture film to be evaporated is formed in the cavity, and insulation is realized in the cavity, fabric is heated by solar energy power accumulating electric current and sunlight irradiates two ways high-efficiency evaporating seawater, is realized and is carried out round-the-clock continual sea water desalination processing by sole energy source of solar energy.The configuration of the present invention is simple is manufactured and is easy, low in cost, and operation and maintenance are easy, and application scenarios are especially extensively and flexible.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to water-treatment technology fields, and in particular to a kind of solar energy sea water desalination apparatus.
Background technique
It is well known that the surface of the earth 71% is all covered with water, and can only be accounted for entirely for the freshwater resources of people's life
The 2.5% of portion's water resource, seawater content corresponding thereto but occupies the 97.5% of whole water resources, as world population increases
Long, modern industry high speed development, it is increasing to the demand of water resource especially freshwater resources.Therefore, freshwater resources are deficient
The weary very severe global problem for having become the world today and facing.
Sea water desalination refers to using seawater desalination, and fresh water is obtained from seawater, is the open source increment realizing water resource and utilizing
Technology can increase fresh water total amount, and not by space-time and climatic effect.Obtaining freshwater resources by method for desalting seawater is considered
It is the optimal path for solving the problems, such as water resources shortage.Currently, Global Seawater desalination about 3500 ten thousand stere of the daily output or so, wherein
80% is used for drinking water, solves the water supply problem of more than 100,000,000 people, i.e., 1/50 population is drunk by sea water desalination offer in the world
Water.
The method of the sea water desalination occurred therewith is also many, wherein the way of distillation is made in seawater by distilling seawater
Fresh water vaporization, then vapor is condensed and obtains fresh water.As sea water desalination most directly with common method, the way of distillation is to raw material sea
Water water quality requirement is low, device production capacity is big, is one of the mainstream technology of current sea water desalination.Currently, Global Seawater is desalinated
Device is still maximum with multistage flash distillation method yield, and technology is most mature, and safety in operation is high, elasticity is big, but energy consumption is high, it is necessary to
Thermal power station's collaborative building is mainly used in Gulf states.
In the prior art, even if the way of distillation can reduce energy consumption using the low grade heat energy of power plant and other factories, also still
It so needs using large-scale horizontal tube falling film equipment as heat exchange equipment, equipment mostly structure is more complicated.Such as Patent No. ZL
A kind of high-efficiency seawater desalinating machine is disclosed in the Chinese invention patent of 201210276749.X, including the seawater by piping connection
Desalting plant and feed-tank.Desalination plant is as vertical enclosed container, including high pressure water chamber, Heat Room, tube sheet, translot line
Pipe, injector, heat-transfer surface, film forming device, baffle and Duo Gen heat pipe.Wherein, high pressure water chamber and Heat Room are adjacent, and high pressure water chamber is located at
Above Heat Room, separated between two Room by tube sheet；High pressure water locular wall face is equipped with sea intake, and cross grooved pipe is vertical or spirals ground
Lead to the external world after high pressure water chamber；Injector, heat-transfer surface, film forming device, baffle plate setting are in Heat Room, and their center
Line is all consistent with the center line of device；Injector is a hollow cone, and ora terminalis extends to straight down under injector
Heat Room bottom surface, the peripherally disposed multiple rows of spray orifice in injector side, Heat Room bottom is equipped with gas inlet and injector
Cavity communicates；Heat-transfer surface is the open circles stage body for covering injector completely, and ora terminalis extends to straight down under heat-transfer surface changes
Hot cell bottom surface, heat-transfer surface and Heat Room bottom surface and side constitute catchment tray, and Heat Room bottom is equipped with sewage draining exit and communicates with catchment tray,
Heat-transfer surface inner surface is shiny surface, and heat-transfer surface outer surface is the rough surface for being covered with metal porous layer；Film forming device is concentric by two
Vertical tube is mutually nested together and forms, and inner tube is connected with heat-transfer surface upper edge and cross grooved pipe respectively, outer tube upper edge and tube sheet
The connection of aperture ora terminalis, lower ora terminalis are in heat-transfer surface upper edge top position, and the narrow interlayer formed between inner and outer pipes is logical
Axial swirl blades are set in road；The baffle is by truncated cone-shaped heat shield and the Duan Shuguan connecting with heat shield upper edge
Composition, riser upper end edge are in the lower position of tube sheet and are higher than the lower ora terminalis of film forming device outer tube, and baffle is in the upper of heat-transfer surface
Ora terminalis connect with Heat Room wall surface and constitutes fresh-water tank just and under the outside of film forming device, baffle, and Heat Room wall surface is equipped with fresh water
Outlet is communicated with fresh-water tank, and the Heat Room wall surface above baffle is equipped with bleeding point；More heat pipes are covered on tube sheet face, and
Space where above through the baffle of high pressure water chamber and Heat Room, each heat pipe outer wall are all connect with the aperture ora terminalis of tube sheet,
The cannelure with V-shaped section is outputed in the hot pipe section outer surface in space where being in Heat Room.In addition, carrying out sea water desalination processing
In the process, the problem of blocking pipeline there is also the seawater after falling liquid film.
As it can be seen that the technique of current distillation sea water desalting is faced with, energy consumption is higher, and apparatus structure is complicated, and equipment investment is big
The problems such as, the following high cost and environmental pollution also limit its application.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, making full use of solar energy to mention the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of solar energy sea water desalination apparatus
The energy of confession, round-the-clock to carry out sea water desalination incessantly, the apparatus structure is simple, low in cost, convenient for installing, application scenarios
Extensively.
In order to achieve the above object, the following technical solution is employed by the present invention:
A kind of solar energy sea water desalination apparatus, comprising:
(1) transparent wedge-shaped cavity；
The transparent wedge-shaped cavity is surrounded by horizontal bottom, long inclined top face, vertical side and opposite leading flank, trailing flank
It forms, the seamed edge that the long inclined top face of the transparent wedge-shaped cavity intersects with vertical side is wedge top margin, the transparent wedge-shaped cavity
The seamed edge that intersects with horizontal bottom of long inclined top face be wedge bottom edge, the two other phase of the long inclined top face of the transparent wedge-shaped cavity
Pair side be bevel edge；
It is filled out in the transparent wedge cavities body and is equipped with wedge-shaped foam-plastic blocks, it is the bottom surface of the wedge shape foam-plastic blocks, vertical
Face, leading flank, trailing flank are respectively with the horizontal bottom of the transparent wedge-shaped cavity, vertical side, leading flank, trailing flank same
In plane, the top bevel of the wedge shape foam-plastic blocks intersects with the long inclined top face of the transparent wedge-shaped cavity at the wedge bottom
Side, the transparent wedge cavities internal body portion is upper layer and lower layer by the top bevel of the wedge shape foam-plastic blocks, in the wedge shape
Space between the top bevel of foam-plastic blocks and the long inclined top face of the transparent wedge-shaped cavity is upper layer transparent cavity, described
Wedge-shaped foam-plastic blocks are then lower layer's sphenoid；
It is equipped on the top bevel of the wedge-shaped foam-plastic blocks by carbon fiber heating line and hydrophilic high mol fiber
Fabric made of braiding；
It is provided with the opening passed through for the fabric in the vertical side of the transparent wedge-shaped cavity, the one of the fabric
End let droop after the opening screening in the vertical side and when in use drawdown into seawater；
Several diversion trenches are equipped on the inner wall of the long inclined top face of the transparent wedge-shaped cavity, every diversion trench is equal
Parallel with the transparent wedge-shaped bevel edge of long inclined top face of cavity, one end of every diversion trench is located at the transparent wedge cavities
On the wedge top margin of body, the direction on the other end toward the wedge bottom edge of the transparent wedge-shaped cavity extends；
It is additionally provided with catch basin in the upper layer transparent cavity of the transparent wedge-shaped cavity, the catch basin is by bottom surface, top
Face, open end and opposite two sides surround, and the long inclined top face of the top surface of the catch basin and the transparent wedge-shaped cavity exists
On same plane, there are a public bottom edge in the bottom surface and top surface of the catch basin, and the public bottom edge is described close to the wedge bottom edge
The top surface and bottom surface of catch basin form open end in one end far from the public bottom edge, and the opening on the open end is tight
Close to the inner wall of the long inclined top face of the transparent wedge-shaped cavity, on the bottom surface of the catch basin, open end is in vertical direction
End where height is higher than the public bottom edge vertical direction height, the opposite sides face of the catch basin respectively with it is described
The forward and backward side of bright wedge shape cavity in the same plane, is equipped on the either side in the opposite sides face of the catch basin
Aperture, the aperture is for exporting fresh water；
(2) transparent pane body cavity body；
The horizontal bottom of the top surface of the transparent pane body cavity body and the transparent wedge-shaped cavity is in the same plane, described
The bottom of transparent pane body cavity body is provided with battery, and the battery connects the fabric by conducting wire, is connecting the storage
Light sensation inductive switch is additionally provided on the circuit of battery and the fabric, the position of the light sensation inductive switch is corresponding more than sea；
(3) solar panel；
The solar panel is connect with the battery, for received luminous energy to be converted to electric energy and is conveyed to institute
It states battery to be stored, the solar panel is arranged on chinampa.
Preferred technical solution, the horizontal base of the top bevel of the wedge shape foam-plastic blocks and the transparent wedge-shaped cavity
Angle between face is 30~45 °, in order to which sunlight is irradiated on the fabric being laid on top bevel, thus as mostly sharp as possible
Use solar energy.
Preferred technical solution is arranged in the vertical side of the transparent wedge-shaped cavity and opens for what the fabric passed through
Mouthful, it is slit or round.
Preferred technical solution, the diversion trench be triangular prismatic type diversion groove, cross section is triangle, with increase with
The area of vapor contact can speed up vapor condensation, and condensed water guided to flow to catch basin rapidly, avoid condensing as far as possible
Water returns on fabric.
In preferred technical solution, the transparent wedge-shaped cavity is made of transparent glass or transparency silica glass, preferably by
Quartz glass is made, and the light transmittance of the quartz glass is 75%~90%, with good translucency and corrosion-resistant property,
Illumination as much as possible can be absorbed, and can be used for a long time in the seawater.
In preferred technical solution, the transparent pane body cavity body is made of transparent glass or transparency silica glass, preferably
It is made of quartz glass, the light transmittance of the quartz glass is 75%~90%, with good translucency and erosion resisting
Can, illumination as much as possible can be absorbed, and can be used for a long time in the seawater.
Preferred technical solution, the wedge shape foam-plastic blocks are moulded using polystyrene foam plastics or polyvinyl chloride foam
Material.
In preferred technical solution, the fabric obtains in the following manner: by 2~4 strands of carbon fiber heating lines and 6~10
Stock black hydrophilic high mol fiber, which is mutually wound, is woven into line, then these lines are woven into cloth.Black hydrophilic high mol fiber, can
To be polyethers or polyacrylamide.
In the present invention, seawater is drawn onto transparent wedge-shaped cavity using the capillarity of fabric, in transparent wedge-shaped cavity
Thin layer moisture film to be evaporated is formed on upper and lower bed boundary.Since wedge-shaped foam-plastic blocks have both the effect of heat-insulation and heat-preservation and floating, both
It can guarantee together that entire solar energy sea water desalination apparatus floats on sea with chinampa, and heat radiation and biography can be reduced
It leads, so that the upper layer cavity of transparent wedge shape cavity keeps enough temperature and is convenient for the rapid progress evaporated；Work as sunlight
When prolonged exposure, it is irradiated on thin layer moisture film to be evaporated using sunlight through cavity, thin layer seawater evaporates rapidly, and evaporation produces
Raw vapor rises to the inner wall of the long inclined top face of transparent wedge-shaped cavity, touches diversion trench and is condensed, and condensed water is along leading
Chute flows to catch basin, and exports and collect by the aperture on catch basin, obtains fresh water；In night or no sunlight
When irradiation, light sensation inductive switch turn on automatically power supply, the electric current that the battery connecting with solar panel generates flows through fabric, knits
Object persistent fever heats the thin layer of fabric surface moisture film to be evaporated, and seawater evaporates rapidly, evaporates on the vapor of generation
The long inclined top face of transparent wedge-shaped cavity is risen to, the diversion trench touched on inner wall is condensed rapidly, and condensed water is along diversion trench stream
It exports and collects to catch basin, and by the aperture on catch basin, obtain fresh water.Hereby it is achieved that it is round-the-clock uninterruptedly into
Row sea water desalination.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
1) apparatus of the present invention both generate electric current using solar energy power accumulating and heat to fabric, so that its surface is thin
Layer water film evaporation obtains fresh water, and sunlight is utilized and through transparent cavity directly evaporates heating seawater to obtain fresh water, and two
Person improves the utilization efficiency for solar energy jointly, realizes round-the-clock uninterrupted using solar energy as unique energy source
Ground desalinizes seawater, without consuming additional electric energy or thermal energy, so that it is high to solve energy consumption in existing distillation sea water desalting technique
The problem of.High energy consumption bring cost in compared with the existing technology is soaring, and the present invention has great cost advantage, and green
Color is environment friendly and pollution-free.
2) apparatus of the present invention are designed using exquisite and simple structure, and seawater is drawn onto cavity simultaneously shape using capillarity
Straticulation moisture film to be evaporated, and to realize in cavity insulation every cold effect, compared with the existing technology used in
Large-scale heat exchange equipment, the configuration of the present invention is simple, manufacture are easy, and can with adaptation to local conditions design different sizes, low in cost, are fitted
A variety of different application scenarios are closed, people's preparing fresh from seawater can be greatly facilitated.
3) apparatus of the present invention are not in blockage problem in operation, and each part replacement is also very convenient, facilitate installation and
Mobile, operation and maintenance are easy, and application scenarios are especially extensively and flexible, and it is such as underway in seawater to be extremely suitable for use in mobile context
Ship is also very suitable for small-sized islander's preparing fresh for being inconvenient to install large-scale sea water desalting equipment.
These and other objects of the invention, feature and advantage, by following detailed descriptions, drawings and claims are obtained
To fully demonstrate, and can be achieved by means, device and the their combination specially pointed out in appended claims.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of solar energy sea water desalination apparatus of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that diversion trench is arranged in Fig. 1 on the long inclined top face inner wall of transparent wedge shape cavity.
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter, in conjunction with attached drawing, detailed description of embodiments of the present invention, to be more clearly understood that skill of the invention
Art content.
As shown in Figure 1, in a specific embodiment of the invention, a kind of solar energy sea water desalination apparatus, comprising: transparent wedge shape
Cavity 1, transparent pane body cavity body 2 and the solar panel 9 being arranged on chinampa 10.
It is transparent wedge shape cavity 1 by horizontal bottom, long inclined top face 5, vertical side and opposite leading flank, trailing flank surround and
At the seamed edge that the long inclined top face 5 of transparent wedge shape cavity 1 intersects with vertical side is wedge top margin 15, and the length of transparent wedge shape cavity 1 is oblique
The seamed edge that top surface 5 is intersected with horizontal bottom is wedge bottom edge 16, and the two other of the long inclined top face 5 of transparent wedge shape cavity 1 is opposite
Side is bevel edge 17.
It is filled out in transparent wedge shape cavity 1 and is equipped with wedge-shaped foam-plastic blocks 3, it is the bottom surfaces of wedge-shaped foam-plastic blocks 3, vertical plane, preceding
Side, trailing flank are fitted closely with the horizontal bottom of transparent wedge-shaped cavity 1, vertical side, leading flank, trailing flank respectively, will be tight
Two faces of closely connected conjunction are considered as in the same plane, then, the water of the bottom surface of wedge-shaped foam-plastic blocks 3 and transparent wedge-shaped cavity 1
In the same plane, the vertical side of the vertical plane of wedge-shaped foam-plastic blocks 3 and transparent wedge-shaped cavity 1 is in same plane for planar base surface
On, the leading flank of the leading flank of wedge-shaped foam-plastic blocks 3 and transparent wedge-shaped cavity 1 in the same plane, wedge-shaped foam-plastic blocks 3
Trailing flank and transparent wedge-shaped cavity 1 trailing flank in the same plane；The top bevel and transparent wedge of wedge-shaped foam-plastic blocks 3
The long inclined top face 5 of shape cavity 1 not in the same plane, the length of the top bevel of wedge-shaped foam-plastic blocks 3 and transparent wedge-shaped cavity 1
The inside of transparent wedge-shaped cavity 1 is divided into up and down by the intersection of inclined top face 5 in wedge bottom edge 16, the top bevel of wedge-shaped foam-plastic blocks 3
Two layers, the space between the top bevel of wedge-shaped foam-plastic blocks 3 and the long inclined top face 5 of transparent wedge-shaped cavity 1 is that upper layer is saturating
Bright cavity, wedge-shaped foam-plastic blocks 3 are then lower layer's sphenoid.
It is equipped on the top bevel of wedge-shaped foam-plastic blocks 3 by carbon fiber heating line and hydrophilic high mol fibrage
Made of fabric 4；
It is provided with the opening 14 passed through for fabric 4 in the vertical side of transparent wedge-shaped cavity 1, one end of fabric 4 passes through
The screening that lets droop after opening 14 (when in use, is open 14 more than sea, 4 drawdown of fabric is in transparent wedge in the vertical side
This one end outside shape cavity 1 enters in seawater).
Be equipped with several diversion trenches 13 on the inner wall of the long inclined top face 5 of transparent wedge-shaped cavity 1, every diversion trench 13 with
Bevel edge 17 is parallel, and one end of every diversion trench is located on wedge top margin 15, and the other end extends to the direction on wedge bottom edge 16.
In the upper layer transparent cavity of transparent wedge-shaped cavity 1, the long inclined top face 5 of being close to transparent wedge-shaped cavity 1 also sets up
There is catch basin 6, catch basin 6 is surrounded by bottom surface, top surface, open end and opposite two sides, the top surface of catch basin 6 and transparent wedge
In the same plane, there are a public bottom edge 18 in the top surface and bottom surface of catch basin 6 to the long inclined top face 5 of shape cavity 1, and public bottom edge 18 is leaned on
Nearly wedge bottom edge 16, the top surface and bottom surface of catch basin 6 are on one end formation open end far from public bottom edge 18, open end
The inner wall that opening is close to the long inclined top face 5 of transparent wedge-shaped cavity 1 (is flowed to along opening convenient for the condensation fresh water on inner wall and is catchmented
In slot 6), on the bottom surface of catch basin 6, open end is higher than public 18 place end of bottom edge in vertical direction in the height of vertical direction
Highly (that is, open end is aloft, public 18 place end of bottom edge is in lower), in this way, in the long inclined top face 5 of transparent wedge-shaped cavity 1
After fresh water obtained by upper condensation enters catch basin 6 by open end, flowed toward the direction at public 18 place end of bottom edge downwards, catch basin
6 opposite sides face respectively with the forward and backward side of transparent wedge-shaped cavity 1 in the same plane, in the opposite sides face of catch basin 6
In either side be equipped with aperture 7, aperture 7 is for exporting fresh water.
The horizontal bottom of the top surface of transparent pane body cavity body 2 and transparent wedge-shaped cavity 1 in the same plane, transparent pane body
The bottom of cavity 2 is provided with battery 8, and the positive and negative anodes of battery 8 are connect by conducting wire 11 with the both ends of fabric 4, and the one of fabric 4
End is connect in transparent pane body cavity body 2 with conducting wire 11 by entering transparent pane body cavity body 2 in transparent wedge-shaped cavity 1, is knitted
The other end of object 4 in the seawater, connect battery 8 conducting wire 11 can by be located at the perforation on 2 surface of transparent pane body cavity body with
The other end of fabric 4 connects, and conducting wire 11 is also connected with light sensation inductive switch 12, and light sensation inductive switch 12 is in conducting wire 11, fabric 4 and battery
On 8 circuits constituted.Position where light sensation inductive switch 12 corresponds to sea or more, so as to can incude when there is the sun
To sunlight.When sensing light 12 power supply of light sensation inductive switch be close, when not sensing light light sensation inductive switch 12 from
It is dynamic to power on.
Solar panel 9 is connect with battery 8, for received luminous energy to be converted to electric energy and is conveyed to battery 8
It is stored, solar panel 9 is arranged on chinampa 10.
In use, the solar energy sea water desalination apparatus in above-described embodiment is put into seawater, make device (including chinampa
10, transparent wedge-shaped cavity 1 and transparent pane body cavity body 2) float on sea, the position of adjustment solar panel 9 makes it towards too
Sun, sunward, the position of light sensation inductive switch 12 is corresponding more than sea for the long inclined top face of transparent wedge shape cavity 1, is open 14
More than sea, the one end of 4 drawdown of fabric outside transparent wedge-shaped cavity 1 enters in seawater.
Using capillarity, the fabric 4 being layered on the top bevel of lower layer's wedge shape foam-plastic blocks 3 drinks up seawater,
Seawater forms thin layer moisture film to be evaporated on the surface of fabric 4.
When sunlight prolonged exposure, the function of heat insulation of wedge-shaped foam-plastic blocks 3 makes inside the transparent cavity of upper layer
It heats up and keeps, sunlight is radiated at the thin layer moisture film to be evaporated on 4 surface of fabric through the upper layer cavity of transparent wedge-shaped cavity 1
On, seawater evaporates rapidly, evaporate generation vapor rise to transparent wedge-shaped cavity 1 long inclined top face 5 inner wall, touch and lead
Chute 13 is condensed rapidly, and condensed water flows in catch basin 6 along diversion trench 13, then is collected by aperture 7, can be obtained light
Water；Meanwhile solar panel 9 is collected solar energy and is converted light energy into after electric energy and is conveyed to battery 8 and stored, due to
Its power supply when sensing light of light sensation inductive switch 12 is to close, at this time battery 8, conducting wire 11,12 and of light sensation inductive switch
The circuit that fabric 4 is constituted does not work.
Night or without sunlight irradiation when, 12 turn on automatically power supply of light sensation inductive switch, at this time battery 8, conducting wire 11,
Light sensation inductive switch 12 is connected with the circuit that fabric 4 is constituted, 4 persistent fever of fabric, to the thin layer moisture film to be evaporated on 4 surface of fabric into
Row heating, seawater evaporates rapidly, evaporate generation vapor rise to transparent wedge-shaped cavity 1 long inclined top face 5 inner wall, contact
It is condensed rapidly to diversion trench 13, condensed water flows in catch basin 6 along diversion trench 13, then is collected by aperture 7, can be obtained
Fresh water.
Thus, it can be achieved that round-the-clock continual sea water desalination processing.
In solar energy sea water desalination apparatus in above-described embodiment, wedge-shaped foam-plastic blocks 3 have both heat-insulation and heat-preservation and floating
Effect, can either guarantee that together entire solar energy sea water desalination apparatus floats on sea with chinampa 10, and can reduce
Heat radiation and conduction so that the upper layer cavity of transparent wedge shape cavity 1 keep enough temperature and convenient for evaporation it is rapid into
Row；And the combination of solar storage battery and heating fabric 4 that solar panel 9 and battery 8 are constituted, with solar energy through saturating
Bright cavity directly evaporates the structure of heating seawater, improves the utilization efficiency for solar energy jointly, thus realize it is round-the-clock not
Interruption carries out sea water desalination.
In solar energy sea water desalination apparatus in above-described embodiment, using solar energy as unique energy source, without disappearing
Additional electric energy or thermal energy are consumed, to solve the problems, such as that energy consumption is high in existing distillation sea water desalting technique；The apparatus structure
Simply, low in cost, facilitate installation and movement, operation and maintenance are easy, environmentally friendly, therefore, application scenarios especially extensively and
Flexibly, mobile context is extremely suitable for use in such as in the underway ship of seawater, is also very suitable for for being inconvenient to install large-scale sea
Small-sized islander's preparing fresh of water desalting plant.
For example, it is also possible to by connecting pendant hypostasis below chinampa 10 and transparent pane body cavity body 2, by adjusting, so that
Solar energy sea water desalination apparatus in above-described embodiment more preferably more quietly floats on sea.
For another example solar panel 9 can be even arranged in ship using the underway ship of seawater as chinampa
On, transparent wedge-shaped cavity 1 and transparent pane body cavity body 2 are also placed on ship, as long as guaranteeing 4 drawdown of fabric in transparent wedge cavities
One end outside body 1 enters in seawater, may be implemented equally also in personnel's fresh water self-sufficiency on the underway ship of seawater
Realize technical effect of the invention.
In another example the underway ship of above-mentioned seawater can also be changed to island, it is equally also able to achieve skill of the invention
Art effect.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the specific embodiment of the solar energy sea water desalination apparatus of aforementioned present invention
In, further the angle between the top bevel of wedge-shaped foam-plastic blocks 3 and the horizontal bottom of transparent wedge-shaped cavity 1 can be set
30~45 ° are set to, sunlight is more advantageous to and is irradiated on the fabric 4 being laid on top bevel, to utilize the sun as far as possible more
Energy.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the specific embodiment of the solar energy sea water desalination apparatus of aforementioned present invention
In, the opening passed through in the vertical side of transparent wedge-shaped cavity 1 for fabric 4 is set, can be slit or round.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the specific embodiment of the solar energy sea water desalination apparatus of aforementioned present invention
In, diversion trench 13 can be set to diversion groove.Fig. 2 gives a kind of diversion groove structure of triangular prismatic type, cross section three
It is angular, to increase the area contacted with vapor, it can speed up vapor condensation, condensed water is flowed to along diversion trench 13 to catchment
Slot 6, can speed up and guide condensed water, and condensed water is avoided to return on fabric 4 as far as possible.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the specific embodiment of the solar energy sea water desalination apparatus of aforementioned present invention
In, transparent wedge shape cavity 1 can be made of transparent glass or transparency silica glass, preferably clear quartz glass, and light transmittance is
75%~90%, with good translucency and corrosion-resistant property, illumination as much as possible can be absorbed, and can grow in the seawater
Phase uses.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the specific embodiment of the solar energy sea water desalination apparatus of aforementioned present invention
In, transparent pane body cavity body 2 can be made of transparent glass or transparency silica glass, preferably clear quartz glass, and light transmittance is
75%~90%, with good translucency and corrosion-resistant property, illumination as much as possible can be absorbed, and can grow in the seawater
Phase uses.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the specific embodiment of the solar energy sea water desalination apparatus of aforementioned present invention
In, above-mentioned wedge shape foam-plastic blocks 3 can use polystyrene foam plastics or Vestolit.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the specific embodiment of the solar energy sea water desalination apparatus of aforementioned present invention
In, fabric 4 can obtain in the following manner: by 2~4 strands of carbon fiber heating lines and 6~10 strands of black hydrophilic high mol fibers
Mutually winding is woven into line, then these lines are woven into cloth.Carbon fiber heating line is commercial product.Black hydrophilic high mol is fine
Dimension, can be polyethers or polyacrylamide.
It can be seen that the purpose of the present invention completely and is effectively achieved.Function and structural principle of the invention
It is shown and is illustrated in embodiment, without departing substantially from principle, embodiment can make any modification.So this
Invention includes all variant embodiments based on claim spirit and scope of the claims.
In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, but not each embodiment is only wrapped
Containing an independent technical solution, this description of the specification is merely for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should
It considers the specification as a whole, the technical solutions in the various embodiments may also be suitably combined, forms those skilled in the art
The other embodiments being understood that.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of solar energy sea water desalination apparatus characterized by comprising
(1) transparent wedge-shaped cavity；
The transparent wedge-shaped cavity surrounded by horizontal bottom, long inclined top face, vertical side and opposite leading flank, trailing flank and
At the seamed edge that the long inclined top face of the transparent wedge-shaped cavity intersects with vertical side is wedge top margin, the transparent wedge-shaped cavity
The seamed edge that long inclined top face intersects with horizontal bottom is wedge bottom edge, and the two other of the long inclined top face of the transparent wedge-shaped cavity is opposite
Side be bevel edge；
It is filled out in the transparent wedge cavities body and is equipped with wedge-shaped foam-plastic blocks, it is the bottom surfaces of the wedge shape foam-plastic blocks, vertical plane, preceding
Side, trailing flank are respectively with the horizontal bottom of the transparent wedge-shaped cavity, vertical side, leading flank, trailing flank in same plane
On, the top bevel of the wedge shape foam-plastic blocks intersects with the long inclined top face of the transparent wedge-shaped cavity on the wedge bottom edge,
The transparent wedge cavities internal body portion is upper layer and lower layer by the top bevel of the wedge shape foam-plastic blocks, in the wedge-shaped foam
Space between the top bevel of unit of plastic and the long inclined top face of the transparent wedge-shaped cavity is upper layer transparent cavity, the wedge shape
Foam-plastic blocks are then lower layer's sphenoid；
It is equipped on the top bevel of the wedge-shaped foam-plastic blocks by carbon fiber heating line and hydrophilic high mol fibrage
Made of fabric；
It is provided with the opening passed through for the fabric in the vertical side of the transparent wedge-shaped cavity, one end of the fabric is worn
Cross after the opening let droop screening in the vertical side and when in use drawdown into seawater；
It is equipped with several diversion trenches on the inner wall of the long inclined top face of the transparent wedge-shaped cavity, every diversion trench is and institute
The bevel edge for stating the long inclined top face of transparent wedge-shaped cavity is parallel, and one end of every diversion trench is located at the transparent wedge-shaped cavity
On wedge top margin, the direction on the other end toward the wedge bottom edge of the transparent wedge-shaped cavity extends；
Be additionally provided with catch basin in the upper layer transparent cavity of the transparent wedge-shaped cavity, the catch basin by bottom surface, top surface, open
Mouth end face and opposite two sides surround, and the long inclined top face of the top surface of the catch basin and the transparent wedge-shaped cavity is same flat
On face, there are a public bottom edge in the bottom surface and top surface of the catch basin, and the public bottom edge is close to the wedge bottom edge, the catch basin
Top surface and bottom surface in one end far from the public bottom edge form open end, the opening on the open end is close to institute
The inner wall for stating the long inclined top face of transparent wedge-shaped cavity, on the bottom surface of the catch basin, open end is high in the height of vertical direction
Where the public bottom edge end vertical direction height, the opposite sides face of the catch basin respectively with the transparent wedge shape
The forward and backward side of cavity in the same plane, is equipped with aperture, institute on the either side in the opposite sides face of the catch basin
Aperture is stated for exporting fresh water；
(2) transparent pane body cavity body；
The horizontal bottom of the top surface of the transparent pane body cavity body and the transparent wedge-shaped cavity is in the same plane, described transparent
The bottom of cuboid cavity is provided with battery, and the battery connects the fabric by conducting wire, is connecting the battery
Light sensation inductive switch is additionally provided with on the circuit of the fabric；
(3) solar panel；
The solar panel is connect with the battery, for received luminous energy to be converted to electric energy and is conveyed to the storage
Battery is stored, and the solar panel is arranged on chinampa.
2. solar energy sea water desalination apparatus as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the top of the wedge shape foam-plastic blocks
Angle between inclined-plane and the horizontal bottom of the transparent wedge-shaped cavity is 30~45 °.
3. solar energy sea water desalination apparatus as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the transparent wedge-shaped cavity is arranged in
The opening passed through in vertical side for the fabric is slit or round.
4. solar energy sea water desalination apparatus as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the diversion trench is leading for triangular prismatic type
Groove is flowed, cross section is triangle.
5. solar energy sea water desalination apparatus as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the transparent wedge-shaped cavity is by transparent glass
Glass or transparency silica glass are made.
6. solar energy sea water desalination apparatus as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the transparent wedge-shaped cavity is by quartzy glass
Glass is made, and the light transmittance of the quartz glass is 75%~90%.
7. solar energy sea water desalination apparatus as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the transparent pane body cavity body is by transparent
Glass or transparency silica glass are made.
8. solar energy sea water desalination apparatus as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the transparent pane body cavity body is by quartz
Glass is made, and the light transmittance of the quartz glass is 75%~90%.
9. solar energy sea water desalination apparatus as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the wedge shape foam-plastic blocks are using poly-
Styrofoam or Vestolit.
10. solar energy sea water desalination apparatus as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the fabric obtains in the following manner
To: 2~4 strands of carbon fiber heating lines and 6~10 strands of black hydrophilic high mol fibers are mutually wound and are woven into line, then by these lines
It is woven into cloth.
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| CN201811594153.8A CN109467151B (en) | 2018-12-25 | 2018-12-25 | Solar seawater desalination device |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811594153.8A CN109467151B (en) | 2018-12-25 | 2018-12-25 | Solar seawater desalination device |
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| CN110372056A (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2019-10-25 | 上海交通大学 | The vaporising device and vapo(u)rization system of high speed evaporation are carried out using a variety of physical fields |
| CN112064172A (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2020-12-11 | 东华大学 | Penetrating type carbon fiber fabric and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112811495A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-05-18 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | All-weather sea water desalting device and method based on interface heating |
| CN114087596A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-02-25 | 南京大学 | Efficient solar steam generation system capable of effectively preventing salt deposition |
| CN114735830A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-07-12 | 宁夏大学 | Rapid construction method of ecological restoration system for highly COD-polluted arid region high-salt lake |
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