CN112064172A - Penetrating type carbon fiber fabric and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Penetrating type carbon fiber fabric and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112064172A CN112064172A CN202010749311.3A CN202010749311A CN112064172A CN 112064172 A CN112064172 A CN 112064172A CN 202010749311 A CN202010749311 A CN 202010749311A CN 112064172 A CN112064172 A CN 112064172A
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D27/00—Woven pile fabrics
- D03D27/02—Woven pile fabrics wherein the pile is formed by warp or weft
- D03D27/06—Warp pile fabrics
- D03D27/08—Terry fabrics
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D13/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/50—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with hydrogen peroxide or peroxides of metals; with persulfuric, permanganic, pernitric, percarbonic acids or their salts
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- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/58—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with nitrogen or compounds thereof, e.g. with nitrides
- D06M11/64—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with nitrogen or compounds thereof, e.g. with nitrides with nitrogen oxides; with oxyacids of nitrogen or their salts
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/40—Fibres of carbon
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2101/00—Inorganic fibres
- D10B2101/10—Inorganic fibres based on non-oxides other than metals
- D10B2101/12—Carbon; Pitch
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
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Abstract
The invention relates to a through carbon fiber fabric and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein a weaving process is adopted for weaving; the carbon fiber fabric consists of a carbon fiber ground warp, a carbon fiber weft and a carbon fiber rough warp, wherein the carbon fiber ground warp is interwoven with the carbon fiber weft, the carbon fiber rough warp is interwoven with the carbon fiber weft and penetrates through the upper surface and the lower surface of a tissue formed by interweaving the carbon fiber ground warp and the carbon fiber weft, and a certain height exists between the upper surface and the lower surface; the carbon fiber hair warp is V-shaped; the carbon fiber ground warp and the carbon fiber rough warp are high-strength high-modulus carbon fibers subjected to liquid phase oxidation treatment, and the carbon fiber weft is untreated high-strength high-modulus carbon fibers; the fabric edge region is secured to a secondary float for solar steam generation. The invention can realize the control of the liquid water distribution area, can also reach the balance of water evaporation and water transportation under the conditions of not reducing photo-thermal materials and reducing the absorption of aqueous solution, and realizes the high-efficiency utilization of solar energy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of spinning, relates to a through carbon fiber fabric, a preparation method and application thereof, and particularly relates to a through carbon fiber fabric, a preparation method thereof and application thereof in solar steam generation.
Background
Solar energy is an inexhaustible green energy. At present, development of solar energy has been directed to various fields such as solar power generation, photo-thermal sterilization, and wastewater treatment. In the field of wastewater treatment, solar water distillation technology is widely applied, and the technology of purifying and separating water in wastewater by using solar energy can relieve the situation of the fresh water crisis to a certain extent in the global environment of the fresh water crisis. At present, in the research of solar water distillation technology, the photo-thermal conversion means is mostly adopted to realize the generation of water vapor. In the selection of the photo-thermal material, nano metal particles, graphene materials, nano fluid and carbon-based materials with high-efficiency photo-thermal conversion performance become applied objects, and meanwhile, a plurality of excellent structure designs are combined. But still has the defects of high cost, low structural strength, easy pollution, insufficient utilization of solar energy and the like, particularly the defect that the heat energy converted by the solar energy is lost along with water, and the application of the technology is seriously restricted.
Therefore, it is an urgent need to solve the problem of developing a structure which is relatively inexpensive, has high structural strength, is pollution-free, and can achieve greater utilization of solar energy resources through moisture management.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a through carbon fiber fabric and a preparation method and application thereof. The penetrating carbon fiber fabric provided by the invention can realize that liquid water is conveyed from one surface of the fabric to the other surface of the fabric through the carbon fiber warps. The carbon fiber wool converts solar energy into heat energy so that the aqueous solution in the carbon fiber wool is converted into water vapor. The carbon fiber weft yarns contacting with the carbon fiber warp wools are also attached with certain moisture, and a certain amount of water vapor is generated under the irradiation of sunlight, but the hydrophobic structure of the carbon fiber weft yarns prevents the carbon fiber weft yarns from conveying the moisture to the carbon fiber warp wools, so that the heat energy generated by the carbon fiber warp wools under the irradiation of the sunlight is transferred to the carbon fiber weft yarns and the carbon fiber warp wools which are easier to evaporate the moisture, and the generation of the water vapor is accelerated. Through the design of the number and the height of the hair warps, the balance of water evaporation and water transportation can be achieved, and the effective utilization of solar energy is ensured.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a penetration type carbon fiber fabric is composed of a carbon fiber ground warp, a carbon fiber weft and a carbon fiber rough warp, wherein the carbon fiber ground warp is interwoven with the carbon fiber weft, at least one part of the carbon fiber ground warp is contacted with the carbon fiber rough warp, the carbon fiber rough warp is interwoven with the carbon fiber weft and penetrates through the upper surface and the lower surface of a tissue formed by interweaving the carbon fiber ground warp with the carbon fiber weft, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the tissue have a certain height;
the carbon fiber wool warp is cut off and set to be V-shaped, and the wool warp above the fabric has a certain inclination angle, so that sunlight can be continuously reflected to the direction of the fabric at the V-shaped wool warp, and energy loss caused by the reflection of the sunlight to the outside of the fabric is reduced; the top end of the V-shaped hair warp can be looser by shearing the upper part of the V-shaped hair warp, so that the water is easier to evaporate, and the bottom end of the V-shaped hair warp is contacted with the aqueous solution when the fabric is used, so that the structure can be ensured not to be loose and the pores among the monofilaments can maintain better capillary effect without shearing;
the carbon fiber ground warp and the carbon fiber rough warp are high-strength high-modulus carbon fibers subjected to liquid phase oxidation treatment (in addition, a method for improving the surface roughness without adding other substances such as a plasma etching method, a chemical grafting method and the like is also suitable for the invention), the carbon fiber ground warp and the carbon fiber rough warp are subjected to liquid phase oxidation treatment, the surfaces of the carbon fiber ground warp and the carbon fiber rough warp are mainly provided with more micro grooves, the outward reflection of sunlight can be reduced, and the effect of absorbing more solar energy is achieved), and the carbon fiber weft is untreated high-strength high-modulus carbon fibers, the surfaces of the carbon fiber weft are smooth and compact, and the carbon fiber weft has strong hydrophobicity, so that the transmission of moisture can be reduced to.
As a preferred technical scheme:
the penetrating carbon fiber fabric has the evaporated water amount of 0.98-1.06 kg/(m) under the standard simulated sunlight illumination condition2·h)。
According to the penetrating carbon fiber fabric, the elastic modulus of untreated high-strength high-modulus carbon fibers is 200-1000 GPa, the tensile strength is 2-4 GPa, the elastic modulus and the tensile strength are calculated by a stress-strain curve of the material in a tensile test, and the damage of the high-strength high-modulus carbon fibers after liquid-phase oxidation treatment is very small and can be almost ignored.
In the penetrating carbon fiber fabric, the liquid phase in the liquid phase oxidation treatment is concentrated nitric acid with the mass concentration of 60-70%, and can also be an acidic potassium dichromate solution, a sodium hypochlorite solution or a hydrogen peroxide solution.
In the penetrating carbon fiber fabric, the number of carbon fiber warps (one V, i.e., one warp) is 2/3 × the number of warps x (the number of wefts-1)/2), excessive number of warps causes the rate of moisture absorbed by the warps to exceed the evaporation rate, which causes unnecessary waste, the height of the upper surface of the tissue formed by the carbon fiber warps penetrating through the carbon fiber warps and the carbon fiber wefts is 5 mm-2 cm, too high height of the warps causes the moisture at the uppermost ends of the warps to be incapable of being conveyed, and the height of the warps is adjusted according to the physical properties of the selected carbon fiber after treatment, so that the moisture can be conveyed all the time when the height of the warps is 5 mm-2 cm.
The invention also provides a method for preparing the penetrating carbon fiber fabric, which adopts a weaving process; before weaving, the number ratio of ground warps to wool warps in the warp is 1:1, the ground warps are arranged on a weaving shaft a, and the wool warps are arranged on a weaving shaft b;
the specific weaving process is as follows: the ground warp and the weft are woven according to a plain weave in a number relation of 1:1, in the weaving process, the ground warp and the wool warp are placed at a heald position, all the wool warps are lifted, a rectangular metal sheet is placed at a weaving opening, the length of the wool warp conveyed by a weaving shaft b is twice of the width of the metal sheet, the lower surface of the metal sheet is flush with the heald position, half of the ground warp is lifted according to a set fabric weave structure (the ground warp and the weft are interwoven into the plain weave structure at intervals), a weft is woven, the ground warp and the wool warp are placed at the heald position, the other half of the ground warp is lifted, the wool warp with the length being twice of the width of the metal sheet is conveyed, the metal sheets with the same specification are placed at the weaving opening, the upper surface of the metal sheet is flush with the heald position, after one weft is woven, the ground warp returns to the heald position and is woven in turn circularly, the wool warp at the intersection of the metal, and all the metal pieces are taken out.
As a preferred technical scheme:
according to the method, in the weaving process, the number of the woven wefts per minute is 10-20, the warp tightness and the weft tightness of the fabric are 60-70%, and the loop height of the wool warp is 5 mm-2 cm.
The invention also provides the application of the penetrating carbon fiber fabric for generating solar steam;
fixing the edge area of the lower surface of the tissue formed by interweaving the carbon fiber ground warp and the carbon fiber weft in the penetrating carbon fiber fabric on an auxiliary floating object, and placing the bottom end of the auxiliary floating object in a solution, wherein the solution can be seawater, polluted water or other aqueous solutions; the weight of the fabric is controlled to ensure that the sum of the gravity of the fabric and the auxiliary floater is less than or equal to the lifting force of water, so that the auxiliary floater can float on the water surface;
the height of the lower surface of the tissue formed by the carbon fiber ground warp and the carbon fiber weft after the carbon fiber pile warp penetrates is larger than the thickness of the auxiliary floating object.
As a preferred technical scheme:
in the application, the auxiliary floating object is a PS (polystyrene) foam board, the size of the auxiliary floating object is slightly smaller than that of the fabric, and the auxiliary floating object is of a 'return' -shaped structure.
The auxiliary floating object is applied as described above, and the thickness of the auxiliary floating object is 2 mm-1 cm.
The bottom end of the auxiliary floating object is placed in the solution to be treated, the solution can be seawater, polluted water or other aqueous solutions, and because the height of the lower surface of the tissue formed by the carbon fiber warp yarns penetrating through the carbon fiber warp yarns and interweaving with the carbon fiber weft yarns is larger than the thickness of the auxiliary floating object, the carbon fiber warp yarns are immersed in the solution to be treated, and other areas of the fabric are not contacted with the aqueous solution. And because the carbon fiber hair warp is the high-strength high-modulus carbon fiber subjected to liquid phase oxidation treatment, the surface of the carbon fiber hair warp contains a plurality of hydrophilic groups and a plurality of micro grooves, the hydrophilicity is greatly increased, and liquid water can be conveyed to the top end through the bottom end of the carbon fiber hair warp in a short time due to the capillary action. Meanwhile, the main component of the carbon fiber warps is carbon, and the micro grooves on the surfaces of the carbon fibers increase the specific surface area and reduce the reflection of sunlight, so that more solar energy can be absorbed and converted into heat energy, liquid water absorbed in the carbon fiber warps can be converted into a gaseous state due to the heating effect, the bottom ends of the carbon fiber warps are always in contact with an aqueous solution, liquid moisture can be continuously conveyed, and water vapor can be continuously generated.
The carbon fiber weft adopts untreated high-strength high-modulus carbon fibers, the surface structure of the fibers is smooth and compact, the fibers have strong hydrophobicity, and although the carbon fiber weft is interwoven with the carbon fiber warp, the carbon fiber weft can only absorb a small amount of moisture and hardly transfer the moisture to the carbon fiber warp. Under the irradiation of sunlight, the heat energy generated by the carbon fiber warps converts the stored liquid water solution into gaseous water, the conversion of the heat energy also promotes the reduction of the temperature of the carbon fiber warps, and meanwhile, the heat energy of the carbon fiber warps is also partially transferred to the treated water solution, so that the temperature of the carbon fiber warps is also reduced. The carbon fiber weft yarn is also under the irradiation of sunlight, but the surface of the carbon fiber weft yarn is smooth, the sunlight reflection is more, the heat energy conversion efficiency is lower than that of the carbon fiber subjected to liquid phase treatment, a small amount of liquid water is carried by the carbon fiber weft yarn due to the contact with the carbon fiber wool, the liquid water in the carbon fiber weft yarn is also converted into gaseous water in a small amount, and the temperature of the surface of the carbon fiber weft yarn is also reduced to a certain degree. The carbon fiber ground warp almost only contacts the carbon fiber weft, the interweaving part of the carbon fiber weft and the carbon fiber pile warp contains a small amount of liquid water, and the rest areas almost do not contain liquid water, so that the carbon fiber ground warp can only transmit a small amount of liquid water to the carbon fiber ground warp, the carbon fiber ground warp is subjected to liquid phase oxidation treatment, and the surface of the carbon fiber ground warp is provided with more micro grooves, so that the outward reflection of sunlight can be reduced, and the effect of absorbing more solar energy is achieved.
Has the advantages that:
(1) according to the preparation method of the penetrating carbon fiber fabric, the carbon fiber is stable in structure and free of pollution, and any polluting substances cannot be released in the process of seawater desalination;
(2) according to the penetrating carbon fiber fabric, moisture in a solution can be conveyed to the surface of the fabric, the carbon fibers in the fabric can convert absorbed solar energy into heat energy, most of the absorbed moisture is concentrated at the hair warps which are easy to evaporate due to the hydrophobic characteristics of the weft yarns, and the rest warp yarns can convert the absorbed solar energy into the heat energy to the maximum extent and transmit the warp yarns and the weft yarns to the hair warps so as to achieve the effect of evaporating the moisture. The invention can realize the control of the liquid water distribution area, can also reach the balance of water evaporation and water transportation under the conditions of not reducing photo-thermal materials and reducing the absorption of aqueous solution, and realizes the high-efficiency utilization of solar energy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a carbon fiber fabric of the present invention combined with an auxiliary float;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a through carbon fiber fabric of the present invention after being combined with an auxiliary float;
wherein, 1-carbon fiber ground warp, 2-carbon fiber weft, 3-carbon fiber wool warp and 4-auxiliary floating objects.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Example 1
A preparation method of a through carbon fiber fabric adopts a weaving process and comprises the following specific steps:
(1) preparing raw materials: the carbon fiber ground warp and the carbon fiber rough warp are high-strength high-modulus carbon fibers (the modulus is 190GPa, the strength is 1.98GPa) subjected to concentrated nitric acid oxidation treatment with the mass concentration of 60 percent, and the carbon fiber weft is commercial high-strength high-modulus carbon fibers (the modulus is 200GPa, the strength is 2 GPa);
(2) before weaving, the number ratio of ground warps to wool warps in the warp is 1:1, the ground warps are arranged on a weaving shaft a, and the wool warps are arranged on a weaving shaft b;
(3) the ground warp and the weft are woven according to a plain weave in a number relation of 1:1, in the weaving process, the ground warp and the hair warp are placed at a heald position, all the hair warps are lifted, a rectangular metal sheet is placed at a weaving opening, the length of the hair warp conveyed by a weaving shaft b is twice the width of the metal sheet, the lower surface of the metal sheet is flush with the heald position, half of the ground warp is lifted, a weft is woven, the ground warp and the hair warp are placed at the heald position, the other half of the ground warp is lifted, the hair warp with the length twice the width of the metal sheet is conveyed at the same time, the metal sheet with the same specification is placed at the weaving opening, the upper surface of the metal sheet is flush with the heald position, the ground warp returns to the heald position after one weft is woven, weaving is carried out in sequence, the hair warp at the intersection of the metal sheet above the fabric is cut; wherein the weaving number of the weft yarns per minute is 10, the warp tightness and the weft tightness of the fabric are 60 percent, and the loop height of the wool warp is 3 mm.
The finally obtained through carbon fiber fabric is composed of carbon fiber warp yarns 1, carbon fiber weft yarns 2 and carbon fiber warp yarns 3 as shown in fig. 1 and 2, wherein the carbon fiber warp yarns are V-shaped, and the number of the carbon fiber warp yarns is 1/3 multiplied by the number of warp yarns x (the number of weft yarns-1)/2); the carbon fiber ground warp and the carbon fiber weft yarn are mutually interwoven, the carbon fiber rough warp is interwoven with the carbon fiber weft yarn and penetrates through the upper surface and the lower surface of a tissue formed by interweaving the carbon fiber ground warp and the carbon fiber weft yarn, the upper surface and the lower surface of the carbon fiber rough warp have a certain height, and the height of the carbon fiber rough warp penetrating out of the upper surface and the lower surface is 3 mm; the carbon fiber fabric has the evaporated water amount of 0.92 kg/(m) under the standard simulated sunlight irradiation condition2·h)。
The prepared penetrating carbon fiber fabric is used for solar steam generation, the edge area of the lower surface of the tissue formed by interweaving the carbon fiber ground warp and the carbon fiber weft in the penetrating carbon fiber fabric is fixed on an auxiliary floating object 4 (a PS foam board with a 1mm thick square structure), the bottom end of the auxiliary floating object is placed in seawater, and the height of the lower surface of the tissue formed by interweaving the carbon fiber ground warp and the carbon fiber weft after the carbon fiber wool warp penetrates is larger than the thickness of the PS foam board.
Example 2
A preparation method of a through carbon fiber fabric adopts a weaving process and comprises the following specific steps:
(1) preparing raw materials: the carbon fiber ground warp and the carbon fiber rough warp are high-strength high-modulus carbon fibers (the modulus is 480GPa and the strength is 2.9GPa) which are subjected to oxidation treatment by concentrated nitric acid with the mass concentration of 65 percent, and the carbon fiber weft is commercial high-strength high-modulus carbon fibers (the modulus is 500GPa and the strength is 3 GPa);
(2) before weaving, the number ratio of ground warps to wool warps in the warp is 1:1, the ground warps are arranged on a weaving shaft a, and the wool warps are arranged on a weaving shaft b;
(3) the ground warp and the weft are woven according to a plain weave in a number relation of 1:1, in the weaving process, the ground warp and the hair warp are placed at a heald position, all the hair warps are lifted, a rectangular metal sheet is placed at a weaving opening, the length of the hair warp conveyed by a weaving shaft b is twice the width of the metal sheet, the lower surface of the metal sheet is flush with the heald position, half of the ground warp is lifted, a weft is woven, the ground warp and the hair warp are placed at the heald position, the other half of the ground warp is lifted, the hair warp with the length twice the width of the metal sheet is conveyed at the same time, the metal sheet with the same specification is placed at the weaving opening, the upper surface of the metal sheet is flush with the heald position, the ground warp returns to the heald position after one weft is woven, weaving is carried out in sequence, the hair warp at the intersection of the metal sheet above the fabric is cut; wherein the weaving number of the weft yarns per minute is 10, the warp tightness and the weft tightness of the fabric are 62 percent, and the loop height of the wool warp is 1 cm.
The finally prepared penetrating carbon fiber fabric consists of carbon fiber ground warps, carbon fiber weft yarns and carbon fiber rough warps, wherein the carbon fiber rough warps are V-shaped, and the number of the carbon fiber rough warps is 1/3 multiplied by the number of the ground warps multiplied by (the number of the weft-yarns-1)/2); the carbon fiber ground warp and the carbon fiber weft yarn are mutually interwoven, the carbon fiber rough warp is interwoven with the carbon fiber weft yarn and penetrates through the upper surface and the lower surface of a tissue formed by interweaving the carbon fiber ground warp and the carbon fiber weft yarn, the upper surface and the lower surface of the carbon fiber rough warp have a certain height, and the height of the carbon fiber rough warp penetrating out of the upper surface and the lower surface is 1 cm; the carbon fiber fabric has the evaporated water amount of 0.98 kg/(m) under the standard simulated sunlight irradiation condition2·h)。
The prepared penetrating carbon fiber fabric is used for solar steam generation, the edge area of the lower surface of the tissue formed by interweaving the carbon fiber ground warp and the carbon fiber weft in the penetrating carbon fiber fabric is fixed on an auxiliary floating object (a PS foam board with a 5mm thick zigzag structure), the bottom end of the auxiliary floating object is placed in seawater, and the height of the lower surface of the tissue formed by interweaving the carbon fiber ground warp and the carbon fiber weft, which penetrates through the carbon fiber ground warp, is greater than the thickness of the PS foam board.
Example 3
A preparation method of a through carbon fiber fabric adopts a weaving process and comprises the following specific steps:
(1) preparing raw materials: the carbon fiber ground warp and the carbon fiber rough warp are high-strength high-modulus carbon fibers (the modulus is 990GPa and the strength is 3.92GPa) which are subjected to concentrated nitric acid oxidation treatment with the mass concentration of 70 percent, and the carbon fiber weft is commercial high-strength high-modulus carbon fibers (the modulus is 1000GPa and the strength is 4 GPa);
(2) before weaving, the number ratio of ground warps to wool warps in the warp is 1:1, the ground warps are arranged on a weaving shaft a, and the wool warps are arranged on a weaving shaft b;
(3) the ground warp and the weft are woven according to a plain weave in a number relation of 1:1, in the weaving process, the ground warp and the hair warp are placed at a heald position, all the hair warps are lifted, a rectangular metal sheet is placed at a weaving opening, the length of the hair warp conveyed by a weaving shaft b is twice the width of the metal sheet, the lower surface of the metal sheet is flush with the heald position, half of the ground warp is lifted, a weft is woven, the ground warp and the hair warp are placed at the heald position, the other half of the ground warp is lifted, the hair warp with the length twice the width of the metal sheet is conveyed at the same time, the metal sheet with the same specification is placed at the weaving opening, the upper surface of the metal sheet is flush with the heald position, the ground warp returns to the heald position after one weft is woven, weaving is carried out in sequence, the hair warp at the intersection of the metal sheet above the fabric is cut; wherein the weaving number of the weft yarns per minute is 20, the warp tightness and the weft tightness of the fabric are 65%, and the loop height of the wool warp is 2 cm.
The finally prepared penetrating carbon fiber fabric consists of carbon fiber ground warps, carbon fiber weft yarns and carbon fiber rough warps, wherein the carbon fiber rough warps are V-shaped, and the number of the carbon fiber rough warps is 1/3 multiplied by the number of the ground warps multiplied by (the number of the weft-yarns-1)/2); the carbon fiber ground warp and the carbon fiber weft yarn are mutually interwoven, the carbon fiber rough warp is interwoven with the carbon fiber weft yarn and penetrates through the upper surface and the lower surface of a tissue formed by interweaving the carbon fiber ground warp and the carbon fiber weft yarn, the upper surface and the lower surface of the carbon fiber rough warp have a certain height, and the height of the carbon fiber rough warp penetrating out of the upper surface and the lower surface is 2 cm; the evaporation water amount of the carbon fiber fabric can reach 1.05 kg/(m) under the standard simulated sun illumination condition2·h)。
The prepared penetrating carbon fiber fabric is used for solar steam generation, the edge area of the lower surface of a tissue formed by interweaving carbon fiber ground warp and carbon fiber weft in the penetrating carbon fiber fabric is fixed on an auxiliary floating object (a PS foam board with a 1cm thick square structure), the bottom end of the auxiliary floating object is placed in seawater, and the height of the lower surface of the tissue formed by interweaving carbon fiber ground warp and carbon fiber weft of carbon fiber hair warp is larger than the thickness of the PS foam board.
Example 4
A preparation method of a through carbon fiber fabric adopts a weaving process and comprises the following specific steps:
(1) preparing raw materials: the carbon fiber ground warp and the carbon fiber rough warp are high-strength high-modulus carbon fibers (the modulus is 750GPa, the strength is 3.2GPa) subjected to oxidation treatment by a hydrogen oxide solution, and the carbon fiber weft is commercial high-strength high-modulus carbon fibers (the modulus is 800GPa, the strength is 3.4 GPa);
(2) before weaving, the number ratio of ground warps to wool warps in the warp is 1:1, the ground warps are arranged on a weaving shaft a, and the wool warps are arranged on a weaving shaft b;
(3) the ground warp and the weft are woven according to a plain weave in a number relation of 1:1, in the weaving process, the ground warp and the hair warp are placed at a heald position, all the hair warps are lifted, a rectangular metal sheet is placed at a weaving opening, the length of the hair warp conveyed by a weaving shaft b is twice the width of the metal sheet, the lower surface of the metal sheet is flush with the heald position, half of the ground warp is lifted, a weft is woven, the ground warp and the hair warp are placed at the heald position, the other half of the ground warp is lifted, the hair warp with the length twice the width of the metal sheet is conveyed at the same time, the metal sheet with the same specification is placed at the weaving opening, the upper surface of the metal sheet is flush with the heald position, the ground warp returns to the heald position after one weft is woven, weaving is carried out in sequence, the hair warp at the intersection of the metal sheet above the fabric is cut; wherein the weaving number of the weft yarns per minute is 15, the warp tightness and the weft tightness of the fabric are 70%, and the loop height of the wool warp is 1.2 cm.
The finally prepared penetrating carbon fiber fabric consists of carbon fiber ground warps, carbon fiber weft yarns and carbon fiber rough warps, wherein the carbon fiber rough warps are V-shaped, and the number of the carbon fiber rough warps is 1/3 multiplied by the number of the ground warps multiplied by (the number of the weft-yarns-1)/2); carbon (C)The carbon fiber warp is interwoven with the carbon fiber weft and penetrates through the upper surface and the lower surface of a tissue formed by interweaving the carbon fiber warp with the carbon fiber weft, the carbon fiber warp has a certain height on the upper surface and the lower surface, and the height of the carbon fiber warp penetrating out of the upper surface and the lower surface is 1.2 cm; the evaporation water amount of the carbon fiber fabric can reach 1.03 kg/(m) under the standard simulated sun illumination condition2·h)。
The prepared penetrating carbon fiber fabric is used for solar steam generation, the edge area of the lower surface of the tissue formed by interweaving the carbon fiber ground warp and the carbon fiber weft in the penetrating carbon fiber fabric is fixed on an auxiliary floating object (a PS foam board with a 6mm thick zigzag structure), the bottom end of the auxiliary floating object is placed in seawater, and the height of the lower surface of the tissue formed by interweaving the carbon fiber ground warp and the carbon fiber weft, which penetrates through the carbon fiber ground warp, is greater than the thickness of the PS foam board.
Claims (10)
1. A run-through carbon fiber fabric is characterized in that: the carbon fiber warp is interwoven with the carbon fiber weft, penetrates through the upper surface and the lower surface of a tissue formed by interweaving the carbon fiber warp and the carbon fiber weft, and has a certain height;
the carbon fiber wool warp is V-shaped;
the carbon fiber ground warp and the carbon fiber rough warp are high-strength high-modulus carbon fibers subjected to liquid phase oxidation treatment, and the carbon fiber weft is untreated high-strength high-modulus carbon fibers.
2. The penetrating carbon fiber fabric of claim 1, wherein the amount of evaporated water is 0.98-1.06 kg/(m) under a standard simulated solar illumination condition2·h)。
3. The penetrating carbon fiber fabric of claim 1, wherein the untreated high strength and high modulus carbon fibers have an elastic modulus of 200-1000 GPa and a tensile strength of 2-4 GPa.
4. The penetrating carbon fiber fabric according to claim 1, wherein the liquid phase in the liquid phase oxidation treatment is concentrated nitric acid with a mass concentration of 60-70%.
5. The through-type carbon fiber fabric according to claim 1, wherein the number of carbon fiber warp yarns is 2/3 x the number of warp yarns x (number of weft yarns-1)/2), and the height of the upper surface of the weave formed by the carbon fiber warp yarns penetrating through the carbon fiber warp yarns and the carbon fiber weft yarns is 5mm to 2 cm.
6. A process for preparing a through carbon fiber fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: a weaving process is adopted; before weaving, the number ratio of ground warps to wool warps in the warp is 1:1, the ground warps are arranged on a weaving shaft a, and the wool warps are arranged on a weaving shaft b;
the specific weaving process is as follows: the ground warp and the weft are woven according to a plain weave in a number relation of 1:1, in the weaving process, the ground warp and the hair warp are placed at a heald position, all the hair warps are lifted, a rectangular metal sheet is placed at a weaving opening, the length of the hair warp conveyed by a weaving shaft b is twice the width of the metal sheet, the lower surface of the metal sheet is flush with the heald position, half of the ground warp is lifted, a weft is woven, the ground warp and the hair warp are placed at the heald position, the other half of the ground warp is lifted, the hair warp with the length twice the width of the metal sheet is conveyed at the same time, the metal sheet with the same specification is placed at the weaving opening, the upper surface of the metal sheet is flush with the heald position, the ground warp returns to the heald position after one weft is woven, weaving is carried out in a circulating mode, the hair warp at the intersection of the metal sheet above the fabric.
7. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the number of weft yarns woven in per minute during weaving is 10-20, the warp tightness and the weft tightness of the fabric are 60-70%, and the loop height of the wool warp is 5 mm-2 cm.
8. Use of a through carbon fiber fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: for solar steam generation;
fixing the edge area of the lower surface of a tissue formed by interweaving carbon fiber ground warp and carbon fiber weft in the penetrating carbon fiber fabric on an auxiliary floating object, and placing the bottom end of the auxiliary floating object in a solution;
the height of the lower surface of the tissue formed by the carbon fiber ground warp and the carbon fiber weft after the carbon fiber pile warp penetrates is larger than the thickness of the auxiliary floating object.
9. Use according to claim 8, wherein the auxiliary float is a PS foam slab with a zigzag structure.
10. Use according to claim 9, wherein the thickness of the auxiliary float is between 2mm and 1 cm.
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