CN109456221A - 一种乙酰苯胺衍生物的合成方法 - Google Patents

一种乙酰苯胺衍生物的合成方法 Download PDF

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CN109456221A
CN109456221A CN201811243318.7A CN201811243318A CN109456221A CN 109456221 A CN109456221 A CN 109456221A CN 201811243318 A CN201811243318 A CN 201811243318A CN 109456221 A CN109456221 A CN 109456221A
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CN109456221B (zh
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张洁雨
柯求敏
田飞涛
严国兵
何平
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Jiyang College of Zhejiang A&F University
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Lishui University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C233/00Carboxylic acid amides
    • C07C233/01Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
    • C07C233/16Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms
    • C07C233/24Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms with the substituted hydrocarbon radical bound to the nitrogen atom of the carboxamide group by a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C07C233/25Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms with the substituted hydrocarbon radical bound to the nitrogen atom of the carboxamide group by a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring having the carbon atom of the carboxamide group bound to a hydrogen atom or to a carbon atom of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C233/00Carboxylic acid amides
    • C07C233/01Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
    • C07C233/02Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having nitrogen atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to carbon atoms of unsubstituted hydrocarbon radicals
    • C07C233/04Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having nitrogen atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to carbon atoms of unsubstituted hydrocarbon radicals with carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton
    • C07C233/07Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having nitrogen atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to carbon atoms of unsubstituted hydrocarbon radicals with carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C233/00Carboxylic acid amides
    • C07C233/01Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
    • C07C233/12Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by halogen atoms or by nitro or nitroso groups
    • C07C233/15Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by halogen atoms or by nitro or nitroso groups with the substituted hydrocarbon radical bound to the nitrogen atom of the carboxamide group by a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring

Abstract

本发明公开了一种乙酰苯胺衍生物合成方法,属于有机合成中间体技术领域,本发明的方法具体包括如下步骤:向反应管中加入苯胺衍生物、硫代乙酸钾、亚硝酸特丁酯、乙腈,拧紧反应管的塞子,在25oC下磁力搅拌反应4小时;本发明采用苯胺衍生物及廉价易得的、稳定且易操作的硫代乙酸钾为乙酰化试剂,在室温条件下可以高效地合成一系列的乙酰苯胺衍生物化合物。本发明的化合物含芳胺骨架可用作有机合成中间体、药物的合成与修饰,亦为药物筛选提供新颖而有效的合成方法。本发明通过亚硝酸特丁酯促进反应合成乙酰苯胺衍生物化合物。与现有合成方法相比,本发明方法反应条件简单,原料廉价易得,稳定且易操作,底物的官能团的耐受性好。

Description

一种乙酰苯胺衍生物的合成方法
技术领域
本发明属于有机合成中间体技术领域,具体涉及一种合成乙酰苯胺衍生物化合物的方法。
背景技术
乙酰苯胺衍生物是一种重要的精细有机化工中间体,广泛应用于医药、农药、化学工业等领域。传统的合成方法主要苯胺与羧酸及其衍生物的乙酰化。乙酰化是有机合成中最基本的化学转化,常用来保护羟基或氨基等官能团,在有机合成中应用非常广泛。目前,文献报道了很多乙酰化试剂,其中最常用的、活性较高的两种乙酰化试剂:乙酰氯及乙酸酐。虽然它们在苯胺的乙酰化反应中展现出很好的反应效果,产率几乎是定量的,但这两种试剂不易储存,不太稳定,在潮湿的空气中易水解成乙酸。因此,该反应体系要求严格的无水条件。另外,乙酸以及乙酸酯也被用来作为乙酰化试剂,但它们的活性不高,反应往往需要加热才能进行,而且还需设法除去反应过程中生成的小分子水或醇,且产率相对较低。最近,过渡金属催化苯胺与醇氧化偶联、以及芳基卤化物与乙酰胺的偶联是合成乙酰苯胺衍生物的一种重要补充。然而,这些方法需要昂贵的过渡金属催化剂及卤代芳烃,反应条件也相对苛刻;而且过渡金属催化的产物中可能存在残留的过渡金属,从而影响该方法在药物合成方面的应用。
由于其在有机合成中应用广泛,以及在医药和农药等领域有着广阔应用前景,该类化合物的合成备受关注。因此,探索新的乙酰化试剂,应用于苯胺衍生物的乙酰化,在有机合成上具有重要的意义。
我们利用硫代乙酸钾为乙酰化试剂,在室温条件下,实现苯胺衍生物的乙酰化,可以高效地合成乙酰苯胺衍生物化合物。迄今为止,尚未有文献报道。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是:提供一种新发展的、廉价易得的、稳定且易操作的乙酰化试剂,在非常温和条件下,可以高效地合成乙酰苯胺衍生物化合物。
为实现本发明之目的,采用以下技术方案予以实现:一种乙酰苯胺衍生物化合物合成方法,
反应式为
具体包括如下步骤:
①向反应管中加入苯胺衍生物、硫代乙酸钾、亚硝酸特丁酯、乙腈,拧紧反应管的塞子,在25℃下磁力搅拌反应4小时;
②待反应结束后,用乙酸乙酯萃取,合并有机相,减压蒸去大部分溶剂,以体积比为5:1~10:1的石油醚和乙酸乙酯为淋洗液对剩余的混合液进行柱层析分离提纯,即得产品。
作为优选:反应中苯胺衍生物与硫代乙酸钾的乙酰化反应。
与现有技术相比较,本发明的有益效果是:本发明采用苯胺衍生物及廉价易得的、稳定且易操作的硫代乙酸钾为乙酰化试剂,在室温条件下可以高效地合成一系列的乙酰苯胺衍生物化合物。本发明的化合物含芳胺骨架可用作有机合成中间体、药物的合成与修饰,亦为药物筛选提供新颖而有效的合成方法。本发明通过亚硝酸特丁酯促进反应合成乙酰苯胺衍生物化合物。与现有合成方法相比,本发明方法反应条件简单,原料廉价易得,稳定且易操作,底物的官能团的耐受性好。
具体实施方式
实施例1:4-甲氧基乙酰苯胺的合成
向25mL反应管中加入2mL的乙腈,36.9mg的对甲氧基苯胺,68.4mg的硫代乙酸钾,6.2mg的亚硝酸特丁酯,在25℃下磁力搅拌反应4小时。待反应结束后,用乙酸乙酯萃取,合并有机相,减压蒸去大部分溶剂,以石油醚和乙酸乙酯用5:1成分组合为淋洗液对剩余的混合液进行柱层析分离提纯,即得所需产品,为浅黄色固体,44.6mg,收率90%。
其核磁氢谱数据如下:
1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ=8.24(s,1H),7.39(d,J=8.9Hz,2H),6.81(d,J=8.9Hz,2H),3.76(s,3H),2.10(s,3H)。
实施例2:4-甲基乙酰苯胺的合成
向25mL反应管中加入2mL的乙腈,32.1mg的对甲基苯胺,68.4mg的硫代乙酸钾,6.2mg的亚硝酸特丁酯,在25℃下磁力搅拌反应4小时。待反应结束后,用乙酸乙酯萃取,合并有机相,减压蒸去大部分溶剂,以石油醚和乙酸乙酯用10:1的成分组合为淋洗液对剩余的混合液进行柱层析分离提纯,即得所需产品,为浅黄色固体,35.8mg,收率80%。
其核磁氢谱数据如下:
1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ=8.10(s,1H),7.39(d,J=7.8Hz,2H),7.10(d,J=7.5Hz,2H),2.31(s,3H),2.13(s,3H)。
实施例3:4-氟乙酰苯胺的合成
向25mL反应管中加入2mL的乙腈,33.3mg的对氟苯胺,68.4mg的硫代乙酸钾,6.2mg的亚硝酸特丁酯,在25℃下磁力搅拌反应4小时。待反应结束后,用乙酸乙酯萃取,合并有机相,减压蒸去大部分溶剂,以石油醚和乙酸乙酯用10:1的成分组合为淋洗液对剩余的混合液进行柱层析分离提纯,即得所需产品,为浅黄色固体,30.3mg,收率66%。
其核磁氢谱数据如下:
1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ=7.90(s,1H),7.48-7.43(m,2H),7.02-6.96(m,2H),2.15(s,3H)。
实施例4:乙酰苯胺的合成
向25mL反应管中加入2mL的乙腈,27.9mg的苯胺,68.4mg的硫代乙酸钾,6.2mg的亚硝酸特丁酯,在25℃下磁力搅拌反应4小时。待反应结束后,用乙酸乙酯萃取,合并有机相,减压蒸去大部分溶剂,以石油醚和乙酸乙酯用10:1的成分组合为淋洗液对剩余的混合液进行柱层析分离提纯,即得所需产品,为浅黄色固体,30.4mg,收率75%。
其核磁氢谱数据如下:
1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ=8.13(s,1H),7.53(d,J=12Hz,2H),7.30(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),7.13-7.09(m,1H),2.15(s,3H)。
上述实施例仅是较为优选的实施方式,凡是采用本发明方法或进行常规的等同替换、修饰等均属于本发明保护范围。

Claims (2)

1.一种乙酰苯胺衍生物合成方法,其特征在于包括如下步骤:
①反应管中加入苯胺衍生物、硫代乙酸钾、亚硝酸特丁酯、乙腈,拧紧反应管的塞子,在25oC下磁力搅拌反应4小时;
②待反应结束后,用乙酸乙酯萃取,合并有机相,减压蒸去大部分溶剂,以体积比为5:1~10:1的石油醚和乙酸乙酯为淋洗液对剩余的混合液进行柱层析分离提纯,即得产品;
其中R为H,Cl,Br,F,烷基,烷氧基。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种乙酰苯胺衍生物合成方法,其特征在于反应中苯胺衍生物与硫代乙酸钾的乙酰化反应。
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CN112851538A (zh) * 2021-03-05 2021-05-28 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 一种二氧化碳促进胺或醇的酰基化方法
CN113999130A (zh) * 2021-11-26 2022-02-01 湖北工业大学 一种邻硝基酰基苯胺类化合物的制备方法

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Cited By (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112851538A (zh) * 2021-03-05 2021-05-28 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 一种二氧化碳促进胺或醇的酰基化方法
CN113999130A (zh) * 2021-11-26 2022-02-01 湖北工业大学 一种邻硝基酰基苯胺类化合物的制备方法
CN113999130B (zh) * 2021-11-26 2023-09-29 湖北工业大学 一种邻硝基酰基苯胺类化合物的制备方法

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