CN109452496A - A kind of aquaculture phagostimulant and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of aquaculture phagostimulant and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
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- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
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Abstract
A kind of aquaculture phagostimulant and preparation method thereof, belongs to field of feed additive technology.The aquaculture phagostimulant includes following components: glycine betaine, allicin, TMAO, DMPT, alkaline soil plant protease, plant enzyme, non-starch polysaccharase, papain, alanine, glycine, valine, asparatate, spirulina and deionized water.Synergistic effect is played in the present invention by phytase and papain and other components, is finally spray-dried the mixture after stirring, while phagostimulant can be made to obtain dry, the nutritive value of each component will not be destroyed.Aquaculture phagostimulant of the present invention with high security, it is stably and controllable without poisonous and harmful substance, additive amount is low, selected material quality, the products application of preparation can improve meat while increasing the weight of aquatic products in feed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of feed additive technology, and in particular to a kind of aquaculture phagostimulant and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Feed nutrition, feed intake and digestion and absorption are three elements for guaranteeing aquaculture healthy growth and efficiently producing.
However how the feed industry personage nutrient content mainly in feed of interest meets the nutritional requirements of aquatic livestock and normal
Often ignore a key factor-palatability and the feed intake being implied between the two.Actually any formula is adopted with certain
It is designed based on appetite, feed palatability is bad, and feed intake decline certainly will influence the total amount of nutrients intake, undoubtedly also can shadow
Ring the effect for arriving feed.
The type of aquatic attractant has amino acid and its derivative, alkaloid, animal and plant extracts, sulfurous organic compound, rouge
Fat, carbohydrate, TMAO (trimethylamine oxide), DMPT (Dimethyl-propionic acid thetin) and nucleotide etc..Wherein trimethylamine oxide,
The phagostimulating effect of DMPT, it is relatively good, both substances can by stimulate aquatic livestock olfactory organ, thus promote ingest, and
Nucleotide, amino acid, alkaloid then promote ingesting for aquatic livestock by improving the taste perception of feed, but it was verified that
It is single or simply to above-mentioned substance carry out interworking can only play phagostimulating effect in a short time, long-time using effect is simultaneously unknown
It is aobvious.Its reason it is main or because, although after being added to the above-mentioned phagostimulant with phagostimulating effect, though food ration increase, simultaneously
The digestion and absorption of feed cannot be improved, and the digestion and absorption of vegetable protein itself is low in feed, excess intake will lead to instead
Indigestion, influences the health of digestive system, to influence the growth of aquatic livestock.In addition, existing aquatic feeds phagostimulant
Product dosage is more and at high cost.
Application No. is 2018101737085 Chinese patent applications to disclose a kind of aquatic feeds phagostimulant.By gross mass
Score 100% is counted, including yeast extract 40~50%, DMPT (Dimethyl-propionic acid thetin) 5~10%, TMAO (oxidation front three
Amine) 20~30%, bile salt 5~10%, filler 10~20%.The present invention is by a variety of single phagostimulants and there is rush to disappear
Change, the bile salt of Hepatoprotective cholagogue function are compound, have good phagostimulating effect to aquatic livestock and promote digestion effect.It incite somebody to action this
The aquatic feeds phagostimulant of invention is added in aquatic feeds, and the digestion that the bile salt contained can effectively facilitate feed is inhaled
It receives.Aquatic feeds phagostimulant of the invention is highly-safe, is free of poisonous and harmful substance, and additive amount is low, selected material quality
Stably and controllable, product is widely applicable.But this aquatic feeds phagostimulant palatability is poor, will cause the waste of feed.
Currently, become a kind of effective way for reducing feed cost using plant protein source substitute, but its presence is suitable
The problems such as mouthful property is poor, feed waste.Therefore, research and development have the phagostimulant for promoting to ingest effect outstanding to the development of culture fishery
It is important.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of aquaculture phagostimulant and preparation method thereof, has safety
Property it is high, stably and controllable without poisonous and harmful substance, additive amount is low, selected material quality, the products application of preparation is in feed
In, it can be while increasing the weight of aquatic products the advantages that improvement meat.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind of aquaculture phagostimulant, the aquaculture phagostimulant are matched as follows by mass fraction: 30-45 portions of beets
Alkali, 10-15 part allicin, 5-8 parts TMAO, 3-6 parts DMPT, 1.2-2.5 parts of alkaline soil plant protease, 0.8-1.6 parts of phytases,
0.8-1.5 parts of non-starch polysaccharases, 1.2-1.6 parts of papains, 0.12-0.28 parts of alanine, 0.08-0.15 parts of sweet ammonia
Acid, 0.16-0.27 parts of valines, 0.2-0.4 parts of asparatates, 15-20 parts of spirulinas and 100-120 parts of deionized waters.
Preferably, the aquaculture phagostimulant is as follows by mass fraction proportion: 40 parts of glycine betaines, 12 parts of allicins, 6
Part TMAO, 5 parts of DMPT, 2 parts of alkaline soil plant protease, 1.5 parts of phytases, 1.2 parts of non-starch polysaccharases, 1.5 portions of pawpaw eggs
White enzyme, 0.23 part of alanine, 0.12 part of glycine, 0.21 part of valine, 0.3 part of asparatate, 18 parts of spirulinas and 120 parts
Deionized water.
Another technical solution of the invention is the preparation method of above-mentioned aquaculture phagostimulant, and the preparation method includes
Following steps:
Step 1 weighs spirulina into reactor, be added alkaline soil plant protease, phytase, non-starch polysaccharase,
Papain and water adjust pH to 8-9, after then digesting 2-4h in 35-45 DEG C of water-bath, are placed in 100 DEG C of boiling water baths
Enzyme deactivation work 10-15min, 5000-6500r/min is centrifuged 10-20min, gathering screw algae enzymolysis liquid after cooling；
Step 2 is by glycine betaine, allicin, TMAO, DMPT, alanine, glycine, valine, asparatate, spiral
The spirulina enzymolysis liquid mixing that algae and step 1 obtain, stirs 10-20min under 60-120r/min revolving speed；
Mixture after step 3 stirs step 2 is spray-dried, and setting inlet temperature is 130-140 DEG C, out
50-70 DEG C of temperature of mouth, then collects dry powder, finally obtains product.
Preferably, weigh spirulina in the step 1 into reactor, be added alkaline soil plant protease, phytase,
Non-starch polysaccharase, papain and water adjust pH to 8, after then digesting 3h in 40 DEG C of water-baths, are placed in 100 DEG C
Enzyme deactivation work 12min in boiling water bath, 6000r/min is centrifuged 15min, gathering screw algae enzymolysis liquid after cooling.
Preferably, in the step 2 by glycine betaine, allicin, TMAO, DMPT, alanine, glycine, valine,
The spirulina enzymolysis liquid mixing that asparatate, spirulina and step 1 obtain, stirs 15min under 100r/min revolving speed.
Preferably, the mixture after stirring step 2 in the step 3 is spray-dried, inlet temperature is set
It is 135 DEG C, 65 DEG C of outlet temperature, then collects dry powder, finally obtain product.
TMAO (trimethylamine oxide) is distributed widely in the muscle of marine products bony fish and mollusk (cuttlefish) Ji Haisheng
There is special delicate flavour in oligochaetes animal body.TMAO is added in the feeds such as shrimps, fish and shellfish has apparent food calling
With growth promoting function.In addition, trimethylamine oxide participates in the adjusting of osmotic pressure in marine animal body, turn to answer in freshwater aquiculture in seawater
With can be improved the survival rate and anti-stress ability of aquatic livestock.Trimethylamine oxide plays folding to albumen, can improve cultivation
Kind meat makes fresh water kind in marine product flavor, improves economic value.DMPT (Dimethyl-propionic acid thetin) is a kind of green
Feeding additive aquatic animal can promote aquatic livestock to search for food, and improve its speed of growth.Spirulina contains there are many nutriment, is
Currently known nutritional ingredient most comprehensively, one of most balanced wholefood, protein rich in, polysaccharide, unsaturated fat
Acid, vitamin and minerals.The biologically active peptide of high protein content, Neng Gougeng are prepared using natural plant protein spirulina as raw material
Well, it is quickly absorbed and utilized by aquatic livestock.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
The present invention passes through addition glycine betaine, allicin, TMAO, DMPT, alkaline soil plant protease, plant enzyme, non-starch
Polysaccharase, papain, alanine, glycine, valine, asparatate, spirulina and deionized water, phytase and wood
Melon protease and other components play synergistic effect, are finally spray-dried the mixture after stirring, can make
While phagostimulant obtains dry, the nutritive value of each component will not be destroyed.Aquaculture phagostimulant of the present invention has peace
Quan Xinggao, stably and controllable without poisonous and harmful substance, additive amount is low, selected material quality, the products application of preparation is in feeding
In material, meat can be improved while increasing the weight of aquatic products.
Specific embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, invention is further described in detail.But those skilled in the art will manage
Solution, the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention.Specific skill is not specified in embodiment
Art or condition person, described technology or conditions carry out to specifications according to the literature in the art.Agents useful for same or instrument
Production firm person is not specified, being can be with conventional products that are commercially available.
Embodiment 1
A kind of aquaculture phagostimulant, the aquaculture phagostimulant are matched as follows by mass fraction: 30 parts of glycine betaines, 10
Part allicin, 5 parts of TMAO, 3 parts of DMPT, 1.2 parts of alkaline soil plant protease, 0.8 part of phytase, 0.8 part of non-starch polysaccharase,
1.2 parts of papains, 0.12 part of alanine, 0.08 part of glycine, 0.16 part of valine, 0.2 part of asparatate, 15 parts of spiral shells
Revolve algae and 100 parts of deionized waters.
The preparation method of above-mentioned aquaculture phagostimulant, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
Step 1 weighs spirulina into reactor, be added alkaline soil plant protease, phytase, non-starch polysaccharase,
Papain and water adjust pH to 8, and after then digesting 2h in 35 DEG C of water-baths, it is living to be placed in enzyme deactivation in 100 DEG C of boiling water baths
10min, 5000r/min is centrifuged 10min, gathering screw algae enzymolysis liquid after cooling；
Step 2 is by glycine betaine, allicin, TMAO, DMPT, alanine, glycine, valine, asparatate, spiral
The spirulina enzymolysis liquid mixing that algae and step 1 obtain, stirs 10min under 60r/min revolving speed；
Mixture after step 3 stirs step 2 is spray-dried, and setting inlet temperature is 130 DEG C, outlet temperature
50 DEG C of degree, then collects dry powder, finally obtains product.
Embodiment 2
A kind of aquaculture phagostimulant, the aquaculture phagostimulant are matched as follows by mass fraction: 45 parts of glycine betaines, 15
Part allicin, 8 parts of TMAO, 6 parts of DMPT, 2.5 parts of alkaline soil plant protease, 1.6 parts of phytases, 1.5 parts of non-starch polysaccharases,
1.6 parts of papains, 0.28 part of alanine, 0.15 part of glycine, 0.27 part of valine, 0.4 part of asparatate, 20 parts of spiral shells
Revolve algae and 120 parts of deionized waters.
The preparation method of above-mentioned aquaculture phagostimulant, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
Step 1 weighs spirulina into reactor, be added alkaline soil plant protease, phytase, non-starch polysaccharase,
Papain and water adjust pH to 9, and after then digesting 4h in 45 DEG C of water-baths, it is living to be placed in enzyme deactivation in 100 DEG C of boiling water baths
15min, 6500r/min is centrifuged 20min, gathering screw algae enzymolysis liquid after cooling；
Step 2 is by glycine betaine, allicin, TMAO, DMPT, alanine, glycine, valine, asparatate, spiral
The spirulina enzymolysis liquid mixing that algae and step 1 obtain, stirs 20min under 120r/min revolving speed；
Mixture after step 3 stirs step 2 is spray-dried, and setting inlet temperature is 140 DEG C, outlet temperature
70 DEG C of degree, then collects dry powder, finally obtains product.
Embodiment 3
A kind of aquaculture phagostimulant, the aquaculture phagostimulant are matched as follows by mass fraction: 40 parts of glycine betaines, 12
Part allicin, 6 parts of TMAO, 5 parts of DMPT, 2 parts of alkaline soil plant protease, 1.5 parts of phytases, 1.2 parts of non-starch polysaccharases,
1.5 parts of papains, 0.23 part of alanine, 0.12 part of glycine, 0.21 part of valine, 0.3 part of asparatate, 18 parts of spiral shells
Revolve algae and 120 parts of deionized waters.
The preparation method of above-mentioned aquaculture phagostimulant, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
Step 1 weighs spirulina into reactor, be added alkaline soil plant protease, phytase, non-starch polysaccharase,
Papain and water adjust pH to 8, and after then digesting 3h in 40 DEG C of water-baths, it is living to be placed in enzyme deactivation in 100 DEG C of boiling water baths
12min, 6000r/min is centrifuged 15min, gathering screw algae enzymolysis liquid after cooling；
Step 2 is by glycine betaine, allicin, TMAO, DMPT, alanine, glycine, valine, asparatate, spiral
The spirulina enzymolysis liquid mixing that algae and step 1 obtain, stirs 15min under 100r/min revolving speed；
Mixture after step 3 stirs step 2 is spray-dried, and setting inlet temperature is 135 DEG C, outlet temperature
65 DEG C of degree, then collects dry powder, finally obtains product.
Comparative example 1
With embodiment 3, difference is not add phytase and papain, and specific preparation process is as follows:
Step 1 weighs spirulina into reactor, and alkaline soil plant protease, non-starch polysaccharase and water is added, and adjusts
PH to 8 is saved, after then digesting 3h in 40 DEG C of water-baths, is placed in enzyme deactivation work 12min, 6000r/ after cooling in 100 DEG C of boiling water baths
Min is centrifuged 15min, gathering screw algae enzymolysis liquid；
Step 2 is by glycine betaine, allicin, TMAO, DMPT, alanine, glycine, valine, asparatate, spiral
The spirulina enzymolysis liquid mixing that algae and step 1 obtain, stirs 15min under 100r/min revolving speed；
Mixture after step 3 stirs step 2 is spray-dried, and setting inlet temperature is 135 DEG C, outlet temperature
65 DEG C of degree, then collects dry powder, finally obtains product.
Comparative example 2
With embodiment 3, difference is, without spray drying, specific preparation process is as follows:
Step 1 weighs spirulina into reactor, be added alkaline soil plant protease, phytase, non-starch polysaccharase,
Papain and water adjust pH to 8, and after then digesting 3h in 40 DEG C of water-baths, it is living to be placed in enzyme deactivation in 100 DEG C of boiling water baths
12min, 6000r/min is centrifuged 15min, gathering screw algae enzymolysis liquid after cooling；
Step 2 is by glycine betaine, allicin, TMAO, DMPT, alanine, glycine, valine, asparatate, spiral
The spirulina enzymolysis liquid mixing that algae and step 1 obtain, stirs 15min under 100r/min revolving speed；
Mixture after step 3 stirs step 2 is directly dried, and dry powder is then collected, and finally obtains product.
Embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 phagostimulant prepared are tested for the property.Subjects are average
Original body mass is the Procambarus clakii of (4.29 ± 0.03) g, and each group Procambarus clakii first raises 7d with basal feed, then at random
It chooses 1 group to continue to feed basal feed, in addition feeds respectively and add 0.1wt.% embodiment 1-3 respectively in basal feed for five groups
And the test feed of phagostimulant prepared by comparative example 1 and comparative example 2, each test process set 3 repetitions, each 11 tail of repetition,
It feeds 3 times (7:00,12:00,19:00) daily, daily ration of feeding is shrimp weight 3%-5%, and makees according to ingesting with growing state
Appropriate adjustment, to be advisable after each bait throwing in without residual bait.It is tested using hydrostatic cultural method, the test that cultivation unit is 160L
Cylinder.Water 1/3 is changed daily, 28.5-32.7 DEG C of water temperature during raising, pH 6.6-7.3 keeps oxygenation for 24 hours, dissolved oxygen >
7.48mg/L, ammonia nitrogen < 0.048mg/L, hydrogen sulfide < 0.015mg/L.Human interference is reduced, keeps quite, prevents from additionally answering
Swash, daily observation shrimp ingests and death condition, and discovery dead shrimp is pulled weighing out in time and counted, and checks the cause of death.Formal cultivation
Terminate after 30d, is sampled, weighed.
Raising original body mass is about raw fish 4 weeks of 50g/ tail.Measured after 4 weeks the food ration of the raw fish of different feeds, rate of body weight gain,
Protein gaining rate see the table below.
Note: rate of body weight gain (%)=100 × (Wt-W0)/W0；Grazing rate (%)=F/ (Wt+W0)/2t；Feed coefficient=F/
(Wt-W0)；Survival rate (%)=100 × Nt/N0.In formula: WtWeight (g) when being test the t days；W0For initial weight (g)；
T is test number of days (d)；F is that every tail fish averagely ingests feed total amount (air bells dry basis) (g)；NtTo harvest mantissa (tail)；N0To put
It supports mantissa (tail).
The data of embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 are substantially better than blank group, embodiment as can be seen from the table
The data of 1-3 are substantially better than comparative example 1 and comparative example 2, and wherein the data of embodiment 3 are best, and rate of body weight gain is up to 113.92%, day
Grazing rate is up to 95.64%, and for feed coefficient down to 1.12, survival rate is up to 100%.
The above is only preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention,
Therefore any trickle amendment, equivalent variations and modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical essence of the invention, belong to
In the range of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of aquaculture phagostimulant, which is characterized in that the aquaculture phagostimulant is matched as follows by mass fraction: 30-
45 parts of glycine betaines, 10-15 parts of allicins, 5-8 parts TMAO, 3-6 parts DMPT, 1.2-2.5 parts of alkaline soil plant protease, 0.8-1.6
Part phytase, 0.8-1.5 parts of non-starch polysaccharases, 1.2-1.6 parts of papains, 0.12-0.28 parts of alanine, 0.08-
0.15 part of glycine, 0.16-0.27 parts of valines, 0.2-0.4 parts of asparatates, 15-20 parts of spirulinas and 100-120 parts are gone
Ionized water.
2. a kind of aquaculture phagostimulant according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the aquaculture phagostimulant presses matter
It is as follows to measure number proportion: 40 parts of glycine betaines, 12 parts of allicins, 6 parts of TMAO, 5 parts of DMPT, 2 parts of alkaline soil plant protease, 1.5 parts
Phytase, 1.2 parts of non-starch polysaccharases, 1.5 parts of papains, 0.23 part of alanine, 0.12 part of glycine, 0.21 part of figured silk fabrics
Propylhomoserin, 0.3 part of asparatate, 18 parts of spirulinas and 120 parts of deionized waters.
3. a kind of preparation method of aquaculture phagostimulant described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the preparation method includes
Following steps:
Step 1 weighs spirulina into reactor, and alkaline soil plant protease, phytase, non-starch polysaccharase, pawpaw is added
Protease and water adjust pH to 8-9, after then digesting 2-4 h in 35-45 DEG C of water-bath, are placed in enzyme deactivation in 100 DEG C of boiling water baths
10-15 min living, 5000-6500 r/min is centrifuged 10-20 min, gathering screw algae enzymolysis liquid after cooling；
Step 2 by glycine betaine, allicin, TMAO, DMPT, alanine, glycine, valine, asparatate, spirulina and
The spirulina enzymolysis liquid mixing that step 1 obtains, stirs 10-20 min under 60-120 r/min revolving speed；
Mixture after step 3 stirs step 2 is spray-dried, and setting inlet temperature is 130-140 DEG C, outlet temperature
50-70 DEG C of degree, then collects dry powder, finally obtains product.
4. a kind of aquaculture phagostimulant according to claim 3 and preparation method thereof, which is characterized in that the step 1
In weigh spirulina into reactor, be added alkaline soil plant protease, phytase, non-starch polysaccharase, papain and
Water adjusts pH to 8, after then digesting 3 h in 40 DEG C of water-baths, 12 min of enzyme deactivation work in 100 DEG C of boiling water baths is placed in, after cooling
6000 r/min are centrifuged 15 min, gathering screw algae enzymolysis liquid.
5. a kind of aquaculture phagostimulant according to claim 3 and preparation method thereof, which is characterized in that the step 2
It is middle to obtain glycine betaine, allicin, TMAO, DMPT, alanine, glycine, valine, asparatate, spirulina and step 1
The spirulina enzymolysis liquid mixing arrived, stirs 15 min under 100 r/min revolving speeds.
6. a kind of aquaculture phagostimulant according to claim 3 and preparation method thereof, which is characterized in that the step 3
It is middle step 2 is stirred after mixture be spray-dried, setting inlet temperature be 135 DEG C, 65 DEG C of outlet temperature, then receive
Collect dry powder, finally obtains product.
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